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V diplomskem delu sem raziskala kako in v kolikšni meri stres vpliva na policiste. S stresnimi situacijami se v današnjih časih srečujemo na vsakem koraku. Policisti so zaradi napornega, nepredvidljivega in večkrat nevarnega dela stresu izpostavljeni še toliko bolj. Stalna izpostavljenost stresnim situacijam lahko posledično privede do raznih obolenj, nezadovoljstva, uživanja prepovedanih substanc ali celo do (poskusa) samomora. Zato je pomembno, da se policisti znajo soočati in premagovati stres, saj lahko le tako v popolnosti opravljajo svoje dolžnosti. V primeru travmatičnih dogodkov pa je uslužbencem policije na voljo 24-urna interventna psihološka pomoč z namenom, da se policistu nudi ustrezno podporo, ki jo v danem trenutku potrebuje. Med raziskovanjem pa sem prišla do ugotovitve, da le peščica policistov dejansko izkorišča psihološko pomoč, pa čeprav je le ta namenjena vsem uslužbencem policije, vsakodnevno, vse dni v letu. Na začetku diplomskega dela so opisani cilji, hipoteze in metode raziskovanja. Po uvodnem delu sledi opis poklica policista, njihove naloge in kriteriji za zaposlitev. Nato je podrobneje opisan stres in njegova sestava. Večino diplomske naloge pa smo se osredotočali na posledice stresa na splošno in kako se kažejo posledice stresa pri policistih. Osredotočili smo se tudi na interventno psihološko pomoč v Sloveniji in njeno delovanje. Na koncu sledi še razprava in zaključek. In this thesis I studied how and to what extent stress affects police officers. Stressful situations are nowdays faced at every turn. Because of the tiring, unpredictable and often dangerous work makes police officers more exposed to stress. Countinious exposure to stressful situations can lead to a variety of illnesses, disatisfaction, substance abuse or even (attempted) suicide. Therefore, it is important for police officers to be able to cope and overcome stress, because this is the only way they can fully fulfill their duties. In case of the traumatic event, 24-hour psychological assistance is available to police officers in order to provide appropriate support to police officers. While researching, I came to the conclusions that few police officers actually use psychological assistance even thought it is intended for all police officers, every hour, every day of the year. In the beging we wrote about the goals of the bachelor thesis, hypothesis and the methods of research. After the introduction we wrote about police officer profession, about their tasks and how you can become a police officer. Then we accurate wrote about the stress and about stress structure. Most of bachelor thesis is focused on the effects of stress on work and how the effects of stress on police officers are reflected. We also focused on psychological intervention in Slovenia and it's working. Finally, there is a discussion and the conclusion.

Diplomsko delo obravnava sodelovanje intervencijskih služb – gasilcev, policistov in nujne medicinske pomoči – ob prometnih nesrečah. Na območju Občine Domžale med intervencijske službe spadajo Center za zaščito in reševanje Domžale, Policijska postaja Domžale in Zdravstveni dom Domžale. Naloge vseh treh služb se namreč na intervenciji močno prepletajo, vse pa imajo isti cilj, ki jim ga lahko uspe doseči le z dobro usklajenostjo in sodelovanjem, pri čemer so jim lahko v pomoč skupna usposabljanja in vaje. Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti način sodelovanja med službami na intervencijah, preučiti, kako dobro določena služba pozna svoje delo ter delo ostalih dveh služb in kakšno je njihovo medsebojno razumevanje. Z deskriptivno metodo so utemeljeni temeljni pojmi in naloge posamezne intervencijske službe ob nesreči: koga je v primeru prometne nesreče treba najprej poklicati, katere naloge pokriva točno določena intervencijska služba, kako poteka sama intervencija (kdo običajno na kraj pride prvi, kdo intervencijo vodi) ter kako se naloge med seboj prepletajo. S pomočjo štirih raziskovalnih vprašanj je raziskano, kako pogosto potekajo medagencijske vaje in izobraževanja, kako poteka vodenje intervencij, kakšen je pomen analiziranja prometnih nesreč ter kakšni so procesi reševanja težav, do katerih prihaja pri sodelovanju med intervencijskimi službami. In this diploma thesis, we examine the cooperation of emergency services - firefighters, police officers and emergency medical assistance - in traffic accidents. In the Municipality of Domžale, the emergency services include the Domžale Protection, Rescue and Relief Center, the Domžale Police Station and the Domžale Health Center. The tasks of all three services are strongly intertwined in an intervention, but they all have one common goal that can only be achieved through good coordination and cooperation. Joint training and exercises can help achieve that. The purpose of this thesis is to present the way in which these services cooperate in interventions, to examine how well each service knows its work and the work of the other two services, and how they get along. The descriptive method substantiates the basic concepts and tasks of each emergency service: who should be called first in the event of a traffic accident, what tasks are covered by a specific emergency service, how the intervention is carried out (who usually arrives first, who runs the intervention), and how their tasks intertwine. With the help of four research questions, we investigate how often inter-agency exercises and training take place, how the interventions are managed, the importance of analysing traffic accidents, and the processes of solving problems that occur when emergency services cooperate.

Namen prispevka: Namen prispevka je predstaviti organiziranost usposabljanja slovenskih policistov in podati rezultate raziskave o ustreznosti usposabljanja ter o prilagojenosti usposabljanj razmeram in spremembam v družbi. V prispevku je prikazano, kako se usposabljanja izvajajo v praksi in kakšno je mnenje zaposlenih na Policijski upravi Maribor o sistemu usposabljanja. Na koncu so podani tudi predlogi izboljšav obstoječega stanja. Metode: Empirična raziskava o mnenju policistov o sistemu usposabljanja je bila opravljena v letu 2014 na vzorcu 328 policistov Policijske uprave Maribor. Kvantitativna analiza pridobljenih podatkov je bila izvedena s pomočjo programskega paketa SPSS. Na koncu so bili podani odgovori na raziskovalna vprašanja. Ugotovitve: Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da so policisti motivirani za usposabljanja, da si želijo več usposabljanj in da menijo, da jim usposabljanja pomagajo pri opravljanju dela. Potrjena je bila domneva, da se policisti določenih usposabljanj ne morejo udeležiti, kljub želji, kar nakazuje, da usposabljanja v policiji niso najbolj ustrezno načrtovana. Omejitve/uporabnost raziskave Raziskava je bila opravljena na dovolj velikem in reprezentativnem vzorcu policistov, da lahko rezultate posplošimo na celotno populacijo Policijske uprave Maribor. Da bi dobili pregled nad problematiko za celo Slovenijo, bi bilo smiselno raziskavo opraviti na več policijskih upravah v Sloveniji. Praktična uporabnost: Ugotovitve raziskave so uporabne pri načrtovanju usposabljanj v policiji. Na podlagi podanih ugotovitev bi bilo smiselno prilagoditi sistem usposabljanja. Več pozornosti bi bilo potrebno posvetiti tako ugotavljanju potreb po usposabljanjih kot tudi sami izvedbi usposabljanj. Izvirnost/pomembnost prispevka: Prispevek predstavlja ugotovitve raziskave o zadovoljstvu policistov s sistemom usposabljanja in njihovem mnenju o uporabnosti v praksi in s tem nadgrajuje dosedanja znanja s tega področja. Purpose: The purpose of this research paper is to present the organization of training methods in the Slovenian police force as well as to display the results of research on the adequacy and adaptation of training conditions, which consequently bring changes in society. The paper reveals the transition from training to practice and the opinion of staff at the Police Directorate Maribor on the training system. The improvements to this issue are proposed at the end of the study. Design/Methods/Approach: An empirical research on the opinion of the police training system was conducted in 2014 on a sample of 328 police officers of the Police Directorate Maribor. Quantitative analysis of the obtained data was performed using SPSS. In the end, answers to the research questions were given. Findings: The results reveal that the police officers are motivated and want more training. Furthermore, they believe that training lessons contribute to their work performance. The presumption, that certain police officers can not attend the training despite the wishes, was confirmed and that shows that the trainings in the police are not appropriated planned. Research Limitations / Implications: The survey conducted on a sufficiently large sample of police officers, indicates the results can be generalized to the entire population of the Police Directorate Maribor. To get an overview of the problem in the entire country, it would be reasonable to carry out a research in several police departments in Slovenia. Practical Implications: The research findings are useful in designing of police training policies/ schedules. Based on the results of the conducted research it would be reasonable to adjust the training system. More attention should be paid to identifying training needs as well as to the implementation of training itself. Originality/Value: This paper presents the conclusions of a survey on police officers’ satisfaction with police training systems and their opinion about its practical efficiency/ applicability in practice and thus contributes to the already existing knowledge in this field.

Bistvo diplomske naloge je povezati travmo iz otroštva z razvojem posttravmatske stresne motnje odraslega človeka. Seveda ne bo vsak posameznik, ki je bil izpostavljen travmi v otroštvu, razvil posttravmatske stresne motnje. Na razvoj posttravmatske stresne motnje vplivajo različni dejavniki in sama odpornost posameznika proti stresnim situacijam.Prav tako ima velik vpliv na razvoj posttravmatske stresne motnje tudi posameznikov način življenja. Policisti so s svojim konstantnim izpostavljanjem travmatskim situacijam dodatno izpostavljeni možnosti razvoja posttravmatske stresne motnje. The essence of the thesis is to combine the trauma of childhood with the development of post-traumatic stress disorder of an adult. Of course, not every individual who has been exposed to trauma during childhood will develop a post-traumatic stress disorder. The development of post-traumatic stress disorder is influenced by various factors and the individual's own resistance to stressful situations. It also has a great influence on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, including the individual's lifestyle. With constant exposure to traumatic situations, police officers are additionally exposed to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Tematika magistrske naloge sega na področje kriminologije in viktimologije. Bistvo naloge je opredeliti policijsko delo na področju varovanja policijskega okoliša in odzivanje javnosti na to delo. Pri tem so v začetku naloge obravnavani različni temeljni pojmi in nekatere povezave med njimi. Na tem mestu je izpostavljena primerjava dveh temeljnih pojmov, pomembnih za magistrsko nalogo, in sicer pojma legalnosti in pojma legitimnosti. Prav tako je predstavljeno širše javno mnenje o pluralni policijski dejavnosti v Republiki Sloveniji in nekaterih drugih evropskih državah. Naloga se nadaljuje s samim bistvom, in sicer v skupnost usmerjenim policijskim delom. Pri tem so predstavljene osnovne značilnosti, predhodniki, preventivni projekti, dileme in nekatere raziskave v skupnost usmerjenega policijskega dela. Ta teoretični del je uvod v glavni del magistrske naloge, kjer sta prek javnega mnenja dveh izbranih sosesk na območju dela Policijske postaje Ljubljana Moste opredeljeni legitimnost in učinkovitost dela policistov te postaje. Legitimnost in učinkovitost sta opredeljeni na podlagi javnega mnenja o varnosti in zaupanju prebivalcev tega območja v policijsko delo. Pri tem so mnenja javnosti vezana na naslednje dejavnike: postopkovna pravičnost policistov, učinkovitost policistov, podrejanje policistom, viktimizacija, javni red in mir, stališča do migrantov, pripravljenost občanov za sodelovanje s policijo, povezanost soseske, tradicionalne vrednote in mladostniki. The master's thesis covers the fields of criminology and victimology. The main idea of the thesis is to define police work in the field of patrolling a police district and the public response to this work. At the beginning of this thesis, we come across different basic concepts and certain connections between them. We compare two basic concepts relevant to the master's thesis, namely the concept of legality and the concept of legitimacy. We also present the broader public opinion on plural police activity in the Republic of Slovenia and several other European countries. In continuation, we focus on the very essence, namely community-oriented police work. In connection to that, we introduce basic characteristics, precursors, preventive projects, dilemmas and certain researches into community oriented police work. The above mentioned is an introduction to the main part of the master's thesis, where, through the public opinion of two selected neighborhoods in the area of the Ljubljana Moste police station, the legitimacy and effectiveness of the work of police officers of this station are defined. Legitimacy and efficiency are defined on the basis of public opinion on the safety and trust of the inhabitants of this area in police work. The opinions of the public are related to the following factors: procedural fairness of police officers, efficiency of police officers, subordination to police officers, victimisation, public order and peace, attitudes towards migrants, citizens' readiness to cooperate with the police, cohesiveness of the neighborhood, traditional values and adolescents.

Vsak poklic ima svoje prednosti in slabosti, razlika med njimi pa je, da so pri nekaterih tveganja večja. Med najbolj nevarne poklice vsekakor spada poklic policista, saj je že zaradi narave dela lahko pričakovati različne konflikte in ti se lahko končajo z nasiljem. Vloga policista je različna, od sodelovanja z državljani do odkrivanja kaznivih dejanj, pri tem pa lahko povzroči neodobravanje in sproži konflikte z državljani. Policisti, ki so izpostavljeni nenehnemu stiku z državljani, imajo tako večjo možnost, da postanejo žrtve različnih oblik nasilja. Razlike so tudi med delovnimi mesti, saj policist, ki ima terensko delo, tvega veliko več kot nekdo, ki stika z državljani nima tako pogosto. Povedano z drugimi besedami, policisti, ki patruljirajo peš, imajo več možnosti, da se srečajo z nasiljem, kot tisti, ki delo opravljajo v prostorih policije. Možnost, da se policist sreča z nasilnim državljanom, je večja pri srečanjih, ki so bolj nepredvidljiva ali nevarna. Razne vrste nasilja so pogostejše pri srečanjih z alkoholiziranim državljanom ali z državljanom, ki ogroža drugo osebo. Tudi zaradi duševne neuravnovešenosti je državljan lahko nasilen do policista. Če policist pravočasno zazna potencialne nasilne ljudi, lahko vpliva na končni razplet dogodkov. Dostikrat vplivajo na nasilno vedenje tudi sami policisti, saj s svojim pristopom sprožijo negativne odzive. Poznamo več oblik nasilja nad policisti. Nasilno dejanje je lahko odkrito fizično nasilje (umor ali fizični napad brez smrti z različnimi sredstvi) ali prikrito nasilje oziroma pasivna agresija (po navadi poteka z besednim). Največkrat se nasilje definira kot uporaba sile, ki je bila z zakonom prepovedana, oziroma kot vedenje posameznikov, ki namerno ogrožajo, poskušajo ali povzročajo telesne poškodbe drugim. V definicijah nasilja se večinoma poudarja fizično nasilje, pravzaprav pa nasilje, ki ni fizično, prav tako povzroči stres in posledično tudi različne psihične, fizične in druge posledice. Each profession has its advantages and disadvantages, they also differ in risks that occur. One of the most dangerous professions is definitely being a policeman, since the very nature of the job is dealing with a variety of conflicts, which may end in violence. The role of police varies from working with citizens to detecting criminal acts and the latter may cause disapproval and conflicts with people. Police officers that are involved in work, which requires constant contact with people, are more prone to becoming victims of different types of violence. There are also substantial differences between jobs in the police, e.g. a police officer who does field work has a lot more risk, than someone who does office and is not in frequent contact with people. The probability of a police officer encountering a violent person increases in unpredictable or dangerous circumstances. Different kinds of violence occur more frequently when encountering either intoxicated people or persons threatening another person. Mental illness too can contribute to outbursts of violence against the police. If the police officer manages to recognise situation as potential violent at the right time, he can act to influence the ultimate outcome of the events. Often the violence can be provoked by the police themselves due to their approach, which can evoke negative reactions. There are several different types of violence a police officer might encounter. The type can be determined as an open physical confrontation (murder or non-lethal physical attack inflicted in different ways) or concealed violence, such as passive aggression (usually verbal). Violence is mostly defined as use of force, which is forbidden by law, or as a behavior that intentionally threatens, attempts or causes body injury to others. Non-physical violence can cause stress factors and therefore also a variety of psychological, physical, and other consequences. Various types of violence affect individual police officers, their families, their colleagues and profession in its entirety.

V magistrskem delu »Stresni dejavniki pri usposabljanju za delo s helikopterjem in njihov vpliv na učinkovitost usposabljanja« je poglavitni del naloge predstavitev vpliva stresnih dejavnikov na usposabljanju za delo s helikopterjem ter njihova analiza, ki bo uporabljena pri pripravi novega priročnika za usposabljanje. Analiza vplivov je podkrepljena s strukturiranimi intervjuji in anketnim vprašalnikom. Pridobljeni podatki so bili obdelani s pomočjo statističnih metod. Učinkovitost usposabljanja za delo s helikopterjem je na eni strani odvisna od inštruktorja, ki podaja vsebino usposabljanja ter na drugi strani od fizične in psihične pripravljenosti posameznega udeleženca usposabljanja. Namen magistrskega dela je proučiti predvsem dejavnike stresa, ki vplivajo na učinkovitost usposabljanja in za katere v obstoječem priročniku ni ustrezne podlage. Kakšen vpliv imajo dejavniki (višina, ropot, veter, globina) na usposabljanje in v kakšni meri ti dejavniki vplivajo na delanje začetniških napak, kot so napačno pripenjanje ali pa se udeleženci pozabijo pripeti takrat, ko začenjajo izvajati naloge na helikopterju itd.? Ugotovili smo, da se udeleženci usposabljanja razlikujejo v nevroticizmu. Presenetljivo nismo ugotovili statistično pomembnih razlik med udeleženci v nevroticizmu, ki so se vpeli napačno v vrv in tistimi, ki se niso, ampak to je lahko predvsem posledica majhnega vzorca. Ugotavljamo, da stresni dejavniki vplivajo na delo na helikopterju in je zato pri usposabljanju glede te teme, smiselno več pozornosti nameniti gorski policiji, ki je imela višji nevroticizem in je zaznala dejavnike kot bolj stresne od ostalih dveh skupin. Trening oziroma priprava na situacijo ravno tako močno vpliva na stres. Bolje pripravljeni udeleženci z več urami usposabljanj so bolj rutinirani in vsako novo usposabljanje na helikopterju doživljajo manj stresno. Pomembna je tudi kontinuiteta usposabljanja. The main part the thesis "Stressful factors in training with a helicopter and their impact on the effectiveness of training" is the presentation of the impact of stress factors on the training with a helicopter. The analysis will be used in the preparation of a new training manual. Impact Analysis is supported by structured interviews and a questionnaire. The data obtained were processed using statistical methods which are presented in the thesis- The effectiveness of the training for the work with a helicopter on one hand depends on the instructor who gives the content of the training and on the other side of the physical and mental readiness of each trainee. The purpose of the tasks in this section is to examine the particular stress factors that affect the effectiveness of training and which in the current manual are not adequately covered. What impact do factors (height, noise, wind, depth) have on training and how these factors affect to the training participants to make the beginner's mistakes, as to attach wrong to the rope, forget to attach when working with helicopter etc. We have identified that the training participants differ in neuroticism. Surprisingly, there were no statistically significant differences among the participants, which were woven into the wrong rope, and those who did not, in neuroticism, but this may be mainly due to the small sample size. We identified that stress factors affecting the work with the helicopter and therefore the training on this subject and therefore it is mutatis mutandis to pay more attention to the mountain police, which had higher neuroticism and perceived factors such as hight, noise, wind and depth as more stressful than the other two groups. Training or preparation to the situation has also a strong impact on the stress. Better prepared players with hours of training are more the routine and each new training with the helicopter experience less stressful. Also important is the continuity of training.

Carina v Sloveniji deluje pod okriljem Finančne uprave Republike Slovenije od leta 2014. Uvrščamo jo v pluralno policijsko družino ravno tako kot policijo, zasebno varovanje, pravosodno policijo, občinsko redarstvo in detektivsko dejavnost ter podobne organizacije. Namen pluralne policijske dejavnosti je varovanje ljudi in premoženja, zagotavljanje zakonitosti in javnega reda, izvajanje splošnega družbenega nadzorstva ter zagotavljanje varnosti v družbi. Carinska služba skrbi za zaščito gospodarskih, finančnih in varnostnih interesov ne le Slovenije, temveč tudi enotnega carinskega območja EU s pomočjo carinskih služb ostalih držav Evropske unije. Naloge, ki jih izvajajo cariniki, so carinski in trošarinski nadzor obračun in pobiranje uvoznih, izvoznih dajatev ter trošarin carinske preiskave kontrola potnikov, blaga in storitve ter druge naloge določene z zakonom. Pri opravljanju svojih nalog se povezujejo tudi z domačo in tujo policijo ter s tujimi carinskimi organi in tako skupaj skrbijo za varnost in zaščito prebivalcev, predvsem pa varujejo pred nepoštenim in nezakonitim trgovanjem. Policija in Finančna uprava medsebojno sodelovanje krepita na skupnih delovnih sestankih. Primerjava pooblastil policistov, carinikov, zasebnih varnostnikov in občinskih redarjev pripelje do ugotovitve, da so pooblastila carinikov najbolj podobna pooblastilom, ki jih imajo policisti, zato lahko v skladu z definicijo pluralne policijske družine carino označimo kot policijsko službo. Customs in Slovenia has been operating under the Financial Administration of the Republic of Slovenia since 2014. We classify it as a part of plural police family. As a part of plural police family we also classify police, private security, judicial police, municipal warden service and detective activity as well as similar organizations. The purpose of the plural police activity is security of people and property, assuring regularity and public order, exercising general social control as well as the assurance of the security in the society. Customs service provides for the protection of economic, financial and security interests not only of Slovenia but also of the customs territory of the Community by the assistance of customs services of the other countries of the European Union. The duties exercised by the customs officers are customs and excise control levying and collecting import and export duties and excises, customs investigations, control of the passengers, goods and services as well as the other tasks, determined by law. When performing their duties they cooperate also with the domestic and foreign police and with foreign customs authorities. Together they provide for the security and the protection of the inhabitants above all they protect against unfair and illegal trade. The Police and the Financial Administration strengthen mutual cooperation in joint working meetings. Comparison of the authorizations, of the police, customs, private security guards and municipal wardens, we found that authorizations of the customs officers are the most similar to the authorizations of the police officers. Therefore, within the definition of the plural police family, we can classify customs as a police service.

Evropa se je leta 2015 soočila z migrantsko krizo, ko je več sto tisoč ljudi preko Vzhodne Evrope in Sredozemskega morja poskušalo priti v Evropo. Po odločitvi madžarskih oblasti o zaprtju meje s Hrvaško, se je migrantski tok usmeril preko Slovenije po Balkanski poti. Za obvladovanje migrantskega toka je bil angažiran celoten varnostni sistem države. Policija kot izvršna veja oblasti, je izvajala evropsko zakonodajo na področju državne meje in tujcev. Sklicana je bila tudi posebna policijska enota, pred katero je bil velik izziv. V diplomskem delu ugotavljamo, kako se je enota soočila z migrantsko krizo. Pregledali smo naloge, ki so jih opravljali med migrantsko krizo, primernost organiziranosti enote, ki ni profesionalna ‒ temveč se skliče po potrebi, odnos pripadnikov do migrantov in preverili, kako je bilo poskrbljeno za pripadnike enote, ki so v težkih fizičnih in psihičnih pogojih spremljali skoraj pol milijona migrantov preko Slovenije, vsak s svojo zgodbo. Pripadniki posebne policijske enote so zavarovali mejne prehode in zeleno mejo, upočasnjevali so migrantski tok in ga usmerjali na mejne prehode, kjer je bila opravljena mejna kontrola. V sprejemnih in namestitvenih centrih so skrbeli za javni red in mir, ves čas so nesebično pomagali migrantom. Delili so jim svoje malice in vodo, jih reševali iz deroče reke Sotle in tudi iz gorečih šotorov v Brežicah, zato jim je Slovenska policija podelila medalje za hrabrost. Pri kakovostni oskrbi in zagotavljanju reda in miru so pripomogli tudi pripadniki Slovenske vojske, Civilne zaščite, gasilci, Karitas, Rdeči križ Slovenije, ostala humanitarna društva in nevladne organizacije. Veliko so prispevali tudi prostovoljci. In 2015, Europe was faced with migrant crisis, when hundreds of thousands of people across Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean sea, had attempt to reach Europe. After desision of Hungary authority, to close the border with Croatia, the migrant flow was transferd throughout Slovenia, after Balkan route. To cope with the migrant flow, global nacional security system was bound. Police as executive branch of authority, was executing european legislation on the field of border and foreigners. Therefore the riot police was summend, which was a great challenged for them. In thesis we try to establish, how this unit was confronting with migrant crisis. We shall review the tasks, that we have done, during migrant crisis, unit structure applicability, which is not profesinoal, but it is summend when it is necessary, attitude toward the migrants and inspect how was provided for members of this riot police, which each member, was in dificulte physical and psychical conditions, escorting over half of milion migrants throughout the Slovenia, each with different story. Members of riot police where protecting border crossing, as well green border, slower down the migrant flow and redirect on the border crossing, where border control was done. In reception and accommodation centers they where cared for public law and order, as well ofer all the time selfless help to the migrant. They were sharing own lunch and water, rescuing them from the mighty river of Sotla, even saving lifes of the migrnat from burning tents in the town of Brezice, therefore, they have been awarded with police medals of courage. In migrant crisis also have been proven members of slovenian Armed Forces, Civil protection, members of fire brigades, Caritas, Red Cross and other humanitarian society and non-governmental organizations. There was also a great help from the volunteers.

Travmatski dogodki pogosto vodijo v razvoj posttravmatske stresne motnje – PTSM in so neizogibni del policijskega dela. Da je takšna motnja diagnosticirana in potrjena, mora izpolnjevati osem ključnih kriterijev Diagnostičnega in statističnega priročnika duševnih motenj (DSM − 5). Psihosocialna pomoč policistom je velikokrat spregledana, vendar podprta s podzakonskimi akti, ki jih ponuja njihova institucija. Novodobna metoda, znana pod imenom Desenzitizacija in ponovna predelava z očesnim gibanjem − EMDR, je ena izmed časovno kratkih, varnih in uspešnih pristopov zdravljenja PTSM in drugih oblik duševnih motenj. Temelji na modelu Adaptive Information Processing − AIP, njen cilj pa je predelava preteklih življenjskih travmatičnih izkušenj in vzpostavitev ponovne vezi med umom in telesom. Je kompleksna metoda zdravljenja, katere glavna komponenta je bilateralna stimulacija oči, tapkanje ali poslušanje zvoka. Eden izmed starejših in prav tako zelo uspešnih empirično podprtih pristopov spopadanja s PTSM, je pogovorna kognitivno-vedenjska terapija − KVT. Sestavljena je iz vedenjske in kognitivne terapije, ki se je razvila iz modela Beck. Njen cilj je spremeniti klientovo mišljenje in sistem prepričanja, da bi ju nadomestil s trajnimi čustvenimi in vedenjskimi spremembami, ki prav tako prispevajo h kvalitetnejšemu življenju posameznika. Tako EMDR kakor tudi KVT sta na podlagi različnih raziskav, dokazano, enako učinkoviti, podprti s strani različnih organizacij ter pogosto uporabljeni pri zdravljenju PTSM v policiji. V osnovi se razlikujeta v tem, da je EMDR samo metoda in ni psihoterapevtska smer, za katero velja KVT. Po pregledu literature in dosedanjih raziskav lahko potrdimo, da sta EMDR in KVT pogosto uporabljena in uspešna pristopa spopadanja s PTSM v policiji. So pa vsekakor potrebne nadaljnje podrobnejše raziskave na tem področju. Traumatic experiences are inevitable part of police work, which often leads to development of a posttraumatic stress disorder - PTSD. To confirm the diagnosis, it has to meet the eight main criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM - 5). Psychosocial help to police officers is often overlooked, but still supported by statuary law. The new method known as Eye Movement Desensitization and Processing - EMDR is one of the quick, safe, and successful approaches for treating PTSD and other mental disorders. It is based on the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model, and its goal is to process traumatic experiences from the past and re-establish the bond between the mind and the body. It is a complex method of treatment, and its main component is the bilateral eye stimulation, tapping or listening to sounds. One of the oldest and also most effective empirically supported approaches to deal with PTSD among police officers is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy - CBT. It is composed of behavioural and cognitive therapy, developed from the Beck’s model. Its goal is to change the patient’s way of thinking and his belief’s system, and replace them with permanent emotional and behavioural changes which contribute to the quality of his life. Both EMDR and CBT treatments are proved to be equally effective by many of researches. They are supported by many different organizations and are most commonly used at treating PTSD in police. The base difference between the methods is that EMDR is just a method and not a psychotherapy course like CBT. Surveying the recent literature and researches, we can confirm, that EMDR and CBT are the most common and successful approaches to deal with PTSD in police. More detailed researches are still needed.

Delovna zavzetost je nov koncept upravljanja s človeškimi viri, na katerega gledamo s številnih organizacijskih vidikov. Obravnavamo jo tudi skozi zadovoljstvo zaposlenega, organizacijsko vedenje in motivacijo, kot tudi čustveno, intelektualno in kognitivno predanost organizaciji. Poznamo tri stopnje delovne zavzetosti. Zaposleni so lahko zavzeti, nezavzeti ali aktivno nezavzeti pri svojem delu. Dosedanje raziskave so pokazale, da je večina zaposlenih v različnih tipih organizacij nezavzetih za delo. To so zaposleni, ki naredijo tisto, kar morajo, dela pa ne opravljajo energično in s strastjo, kar je značilno za zavzete zaposlene. Nezavzeti zaposleni v svoje delo vlagajo čas, ki pa ga na delovnem mestu ne preživijo kognitivno in s čustveno predanostjo. Ugotavljanje delovne zavzetosti v organizaciji je pomembno zaradi napovedi dobička in uspešnosti organizacije v prihodnosti. Policija sicer ni organizacija, ki bi stremela k dobičku, vendar je delovna zavzetost zaposlenih v policiji pomembna zaradi zagotavljanja notranje varnosti v državi. Ko govorimo o zaposlenih v slovenski policiji, je njihova delovna zavzetost toliko bolj pomembna, saj kot del Schengenskega območja zagotavljajo varnost tudi v Evropski uniji. Zaradi pomembnosti tega vprašanja smo opravili raziskavo med 739 policisti v Sloveniji, s katerim smo v prvi fazi ugotavljali stanje delovne zavzetosti, v nadaljevanju pa razvili model za krepitev delovne zavzetosti zaposlenih v slovenski Policiji. Delovno zavzetost smo merili z Gallupovim vprašalnikom Q12 in jo v nadaljevanju pojasnjevali z dvema faktorjema: Skrb za razvoj zaposlenega in Pogoji za učinkovito delo. Ugotovili smo, da na Skrb za razvoj zaposlenega statistično značilno in pozitivno vpliva Socialna opora nadrejenih, samoučinkovitost v obliki Posrednih izkušenj, Čustvenega stanja in Lastnih izkušenj. Statistično značilen in negativen vpliv pa imajo Cinizem do nadrejenih, Cinizem do skupnosti in Socialno spodkopavanje nadrejenih v javnosti. Za drugi faktor Pogoji za učinkovito delo, s katerim smo prav tako pojasnjevali delovno zavzetost, smo ugotovili, da statistično značilno in pozitivno vpliva samoučinkovitost v obliki Čustvenega stanja in Lastnih izkušenj, statistično značilen in negativen vpliv pa imata Cinizem do nadrejenih in Normativni cinizem. Glede na te in druge ugotovitve smo podali določene predloge za prakso. Na področju vodenja priporočamo vzpostavitev večje interakcije med policisti in njihovimi vodji. Izogibati se je treba načinu vodenja v obliki socialnega spodkopavanja. Na področju delovno pravnih zadev priporočamo ureditev statusa policistom, ki so zaposleni za določen čas, in policistom, ki opravljajo zahtevnejša dela v nižjih nazivih, kot jih določa sistemizacija delovnih mest. Prav tako svetujemo zaposlovanje policistov, ki imajo dejansko bivališče bližje delovnemu mestu. Zaradi Cinizma do pravne države priporočamo vzpostavitev sistema medsebojnega obveščanja policije, tožilstva in sodišča. Svetujemo pa tudi vzpostavitev kariernega sistema, ki bo služil trajnostnemu razvoju policije. Iz operativnega vidika je treba vzpostaviti profesionalizacijo policije tako, da se bo čim več policistov ukvarjalo z ozkim področjem dela. Prav tako svetujemo boljše vključevanje policistk v skupnost in večje zagotavljanje čustvene opore policistom v stresnih situacijah. Predlagamo tudi nadaljevanje procesa zvišanja ravni izobrazbe policistov ter zagotavljanje specialističnega usposabljanja in okrepitev mentorstva mlajšim policistom. Employee engagement is a modern concept of human resources management, considered from different organisational aspects. Employee engagement is analysed from a point of view of employee's satisfaction, organisational behaviour and motivation, as well as emotional, intellectual and cognitive dedication to the organisation. There are three levels of employee engagement – employees are engaged, not-engaged or actively disengaged. Research has shown that the majority of employees in organisations are not-engaged when it comes to work. This type of employees do what they have to, and, unlike the engaged employees, do not perform their work tasks energetically. Not-engaged employees only invest time into their work tasks, but do not spend this time in a cognitive manner or in emotional dedication. Measurement of employee engagement in an organisation is sensible in order to predict profits and the future performance. Police are not exactly a profit-oriented organisation, but the employee engagement of its employees is nonetheless vital, since it maintains and provides the country's home security. Employee engagement of Slovenian police is increasingly relevant because of the country's membership of the Schengen area and its role in provision of safety in the entire European Union. This important fact lead to a survey of 739 police officers, aimed primarily at measuring the level of employee engagement, and secondly to develop a model to strengthen the employee engagement in Slovenian police. Employee engagement was measured with the Q12 Gallup Employee engagement survey and the results were interpreted with two factors: Employee development provision and Conditions for engaged work. The results showed that : Social support of superiors, self-efficiency in the form of Indirect experience, Emotional state and One's own experience have a statistically significant positive impact v have statistically significant and positive effect on Employee development provision, while Cynicism towards the superiors, Cynicism towards the community and Public social undermining of superiors have a statistically significant negative impact. In reference to Conditions for engaged work, the second factor with which employee engagement was assessed, it was established that Self-efficiency in the form of Emotional state and Personal experience have a statistically significant positive effect, while Cynicism towards superiors and Normative cynicism have the opposite, statistically significant negative effect. Practical guidelines were proposed in line with these findings. Improvement of interaction between the police officers and superiors is strongly advised in the area of leadership. In this context, the method of leadership by social undermining needs to be avoided. It is also advised for the working status of police officers to be appropriately defined in the Labour Law, particularly for employees who work part-time and employees who perform more demanding tasks at lower positions than defined in job classification. It is also recommendable to employ officers who live locally. In line with today's cynical attitude towards the functioning of the rule of law, it is advised for police, state prosecution offices and courts to establish a common information channel. Career system, which would foster sustainable development of the police, should also be introduced. From the operational aspect, police professionalization should be introduced in order for officers to specialise in narrow area of expertise. Better integration and inclusion of female officers is also highly advised, as well as provision of emotional support for employees who have experienced highly stressful situations. In addition, level of education for police officers should be increased, their constant specialised training provided and mentorship for young officers improved.

Policisti so dolžni varovati državljane, premoženje, posameznika, osebno svobodo, temeljne človekove pravice, nedotakljivost državljanov in države. Njihova naloga je tudi, da preprečujejo kršitve posameznika in skupin, vendar morajo te prestopke razreševati v okviru nalog in pooblastil, ki so določena z zakoni in ostalimi predpisi. Policisti po eni strani predstavljajo zakon, ki ga je potrebno spoštovati in dosledno upoštevati, vendar pa policisti včasih kljub temu zavedno ali nezavedno prekoračijo okvire svojih nalog in pooblastil, ki so jim določena z zakoni. Policisti svoja pooblastila lahko kršijo pri nepravilnem zaustavljanju vozila, prekoračeni uporabi fizične sile v postopku, z nepravilnem ravnanju v postopku vabljenja, napakami v postopku pridržanja, najpogostejši vzroki za prekoračitev pooblastil pa so nepoznavanje pooblastil. Zaradi nestrokovnega dela policistov oziroma prekoračitve nalog in pooblastil v postopku lahko posameznik vloži pritožbo zoper delo in postopek policista. V pritožbenem postopku posameznik lahko uveljavlja nestrinjanje z dejanjem ali opustitvijo dejanja policista pri opravljanju policijskih nalog, ki pomeni kršitev človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin. V pritožbenem postopku se ugotavljajo okoliščine izvedbe policijskega postopka in uporabe policijskih pooblastil. Državljan, ki meni da je policist pri svojem delu storil kaznivo dejanje lahko zoper njega poda kazensko ovadbo, zasebno tožbo ali odškodninsko tožbo. Vsaki utemeljeni prekoračitvi pooblastil sledijo sankcije oziroma pravna odgovornost. Poleg že naštetih oblik odgovornosti policistov pa so policisti odgovorni tudi za kršitve delovne discipline. Policisti torej pri izvajanju svojih nalog in pooblastil odgovarjajo kazensko, odškodninsko in disciplinsko. Policisti spadajo v kategorijo javnih uslužbencev in morajo za kršitev na delovnem mestu ustrezno odgovarjati, saj je ena izmed njihovih najpomembnejših nalog zagotavljanje varnosti. Poklic policista je na očeh javnosti, zato je še bolj pomembno dosledno kaznovanje oziroma preprečevanje morebitnih kršitev obveznosti in pooblastil. Police officers are obliged to protect citizens, property, individuals, personal freedom, fundamental human rights, inviolability of citizens and the state. Their job is also to prevent violations of individuals and groups, but they have to resolve these infractions in the context of duties and powers, determined by laws and other regulations. On the one hand, police officers represent the law that needs to be respected and strictly observed, but police officers sometimes, consciously or unconsciously, go beyond their duties and powers determined by laws. Police officers may violate their powers during an incorrect stopping of a vehicle, an excess use of physical power in a process, misconduct in the process of inviting, and errors in a detention procedure, but the most common reason of powers misuse is lack of knowledge regarding powers. Due to unprofessional work of police officers or violation of duties and powers during a procedure, an individual may file a complaint against the work and procedure of a police officer. In the appeal procedure, an individual may rely on disagreement with the action or omission of action of a police officer in the performance of police duties, which represents a violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms. During the appeal procedure, circumstances of a police procedural and the use of police powers are determined. A citizen, who believes that a police officer committed a crime against him/her during his/her work, can file a criminal complaint, a private action, or an action for damage. Every justifiable violation of powers is followed by sanctions or legal responsibility. In addition to the above forms of obligations of police officers, they are also responsible for violations of labour discipline. In the implementation of their duties and powers, police officers are also criminally, damage, and disciplinary liable. Police officers fall into the civil servants category and should be properly liable for violations at work, since one of their most important duties is to ensure safety. Being a police officer is a very public profession, so consistent penalizing or prevention of violations of duties and powers is especially important.

V teoretičnem delu naloge opredelimo pojem nasilja nad otroki in podrobno opišemo njegove oblike. Predstavimo tudi obe instituciji, katerih področje dela se prepleta pri reševanju nasilja nad otroki. To sta center za socialno delo in policija. Pozornost namenimo predvsem vlogi in nalogam teh dveh organov ter podrobneje predstavimo zakonsko podlago, ki služi delovanju strokovnih delavcem centra za socialno delo ter policistom. V zadnjem delu teoretičnega dela namenimo pozornost sodelovanju med centri za socialno delo in policijo, modernim pristopom policijskega dela, kot je policijsko delo v skupnosti in navedbi nekaj konkretnih primerov reševanja problematike na medinstitucionalnih posvetih navedenih organov. V empiričnem delu s pomočjo intervjuja in vprašalnika proučujemo ocene službenih odnosov med policisti in strokovnimi delavci centra za socialno delo. Postavljamo vprašanja o zadostno urejeni zakonodaji, kakovosti sodelovanja med institucijama, o težavah, s katerimi se srečujejo strokovni delavci centra za socialno delo in policisti. V nadaljevanju poiščemo odgovore na ta vprašanja ter potrdimo ali zavržemo hipoteze, ki smo jih zastavili v nalogi. Ugotovimo, da je sodelovanje med centri za socialno delo in policijo dobro, da pa v delovnih procesih, kadar sodeluje več organov, vidijo določene možne izboljšave. The theoretical part of the study comprises the definition of the term 'violence against children' and a detailed description of various forms of such violence. Two institutions are presented, the Centre for Social Work and the Police, whose fields of work are intertwined when solving problems of violence against children. Special attention is focused on the role and the tasks of these two institutions and on the legislation which serves as the basis for any activity of the professionals at the Centre for Social Work as well as the police officers. The final part of the theoretical part of the study concentrates on the cooperation between the Centre for Social Work and the police, on modern approaches in police work such as community-based policing, and on some examples of solving problems at the meetings of both mentioned institutions. The empirical part concentrates on the findings of the interviews and questionnaire inquiring about coworker relationships between police officers and professionals at the Centre for Social Work. The questions also referred to sufficient clarity of legislation, the quality of cooperation between the two institutions, and the problems which they encounter. The following part of the study tries to find answers to these questions and to confirm or refute the hypotheses suggested in the study. In conclusion, the cooperation between the Centre for Social Work and the police can be defined as good, although both sides see certain possibilities for improvement, especially in the work processes in which more institutions are involved.

Operativno-komunikacijski center policijske uprave (v nadaljevanju OKC PU) je najmlajša operativna služba v policiji, s katero država zagotavlja državljanom javno varnost. Na svoji interventni telefonski številki 113 v vseh OKC PU klice sprejemajo in evidentirajo policisti OKC PU. Slednji takoj po sprejetem klicu poskrbijo za napotitev policistov in izvedbo prvih varnostnih ukrepov na kraju dogodka (Gradišnik in Ristič, 2012). Diplomsko delo obravnava kakovost napotitve policistov na interventne dogodke s strani operativno-komunikacijskega centra policijske uprave Ljubljana (v nadaljevanju OKC PU LJ). Ker nas je zanimala kakovost napotitve policistov na interventne dogodke s strani OKC PU LJ, smo opravili empirično raziskavo med 93 policisti na desetih policijskih postajah policijske uprave Ljubljana (v nadaljevanju PP PU LJ). S pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika smo ugotavljali, ali policisti PU LJ ocenjujejo, da ob napotitvi na interventni dogodek s strani OKC PU LJ dobijo dovolj potrebnih podatkov o lokaciji dogodka in o morebitni nevarnosti na terenu. Prav tako smo želeli ugotoviti, kakšen je odnos OKC PU LJ do policistov PU LJ in kakšna je njihova odzivnost. Na podlagi rezultatov anketnega vprašalnika smo ugotovili, da so anketirani policisti najbolj zadovoljni z odzivnostjo OKC PU LJ, sledi (padajoče) seznanitev z lokacijo interventnega dogodka, nato še odnos OKC PU LJ in nazadnje seznanitev s potencialnimi nevarnostmi na kraju interveniranja. Visoke ocene trditev s strani anketiranih policistov kažejo na uspešno in strokovno delo OKC PU LJ ter posledično na kakovostno napotitev policistov na interventne dogodke. Ugotovili smo tudi, da je potrebno postopke, ki jih pri napotitvi in dodelitvi nalog napotenim policistom izvaja OKC PU LJ, razumeti celovito, saj so si med seboj soodvisno povezani. The operations and communications center of the police directorate (hereinafter cited as OCC PD) is the youngest operative service of the police department, which helps the country to ensure public safety. The police officers of all OCC PD’s record the phone calls received on their emergency telephone number 113. After a received call they immediately take care of the referral of police officers to the place of the incident and carry out the first safety precautions (Gradišnik in Ristič, 2012). This thesis discusses the quality of referral of police officers to interventions at the operations and communications center of the Ljubljana police directorate (hereinafter cited as OCC LJ PD). Because we were interested in the quality of the referral of police officers to interventions at the OCC LJ PD, we carried out an empirical research with 93 police officers from 10 police stations of the Ljubljana police directorate (hereinafter cited as PS LJ PD). With the help of a survey we determined if the police officers of the LJ PD think that the OCC LJ PD provides enough needed information about the location and possible dangers at the place of the incident, when sending them on an intervention. We also wanted to find out what kind of attitude the OCC LJ PD has toward the police officers of the LJ PD and what is their responsiveness. Based on the results we discovered that the surveyed police officers are the most satisfied with the responsiveness of the OCC LJ PD, followed by the satisfaction with the notification of the intervention’s location, next is the attitude of the OCC LJ PD and last is the acquaintance with potential dangers at the place of the incident. The high ratings provided by the police officers show successful and professional work of the OCC LJ PD. Consequently, the referrals of police officers to interventions are of high quality. We have also found out that the procedures, carried out at referrals by the OCC LJ PD, stand in correlation with each other and therefore need to be understood as a whole.

S pomočjo spletne ankete smo primerjali razvitost čustvene inteligence policistov in ostalih državljanov. Zanimal nas je pogled anketirancev na dobro razvito čustveno inteligentno osebo, kdo ima bolje razvit čut za sočloveka ter ali lahko poklic, ki ga opravlja posameznik, vpliva na boljši razvoj čustvene inteligence. Oprli smo se na podatke, ki smo jih pridobili s pomočjo spletne ankete, ki so jo reševali tako policisti kot ostali državljani. Our comparison of development of emotional intelligence of police officers and other citizens was based on online questionnaire. We were interested in interviewees opinion about emotionally intelligent person, who has a better sense for a fellow man and if profession affects the development of emotional intelligence. A survey was carried out among police officers and other citizens.

Z magistrskim delom smo želeli nazorno prikazati tveganja in nevarnosti, s katerimi se vsakodnevno srečujejo policisti in policistke pri opravljanju nalog oziroma pri svojem delu. Podrobneje so opisane škodljivosti in tveganja pri njihovem delu, organizacija in delovanje policije ter ocena tveganja za delovno mesto policist. Policisti in policistke, ki so v sistemu zagotavljanja varnosti ključnega pomena in opravljajo svoje delo ter naloge v skladu z zakonom, so tudi najbolj ogroženi z vidika zdravja in varnosti pri delu. Pri opravljanju svojega dela, ki ima visoko stopnjo tveganja, se pogosto srečujejo z različnimi nevarnostmi in škodljivostmi za zdravje. Tveganja se povečujejo glede na vsebino njihovih del oziroma nalog, in sicer pri izvajanju policijskih pooblastil, nadzoru prometa, preiskovanju kaznivih dejanj, uporabi osebne varovalne opreme … Njihovo percepcijo v zvezi z ogrožanjem na delovnem mestu smo ugotavljali s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika, ki smo ga posredovali zaposlenim policistom in policistkam v Republiki Sloveniji. Anketiranci so bili mnenja, da je tveganje oziroma nevarnost za okužbe pri opravljanju policijskih nalog visoko, prav tako tudi tveganje za napad na policiste. Z raziskavo in na podlagi ugotovitev raziskovalnega dela naloge smo izdelali predloge za upravljanje z zaznanimi tveganji policistov. The master's thesis aims to provide a clear overview of the risks and hazards faced by police officers at work. It details health and other risks at work, the organisation and work of the police, and risk assessment of the position of police officer. Police officers who are part of the security system and perform their tasks in line with the law face the most serious health and safety risks at work. In performing their job, which involves high-risk tasks, they are often exposed to different hazards and health risks. Moreover, risks increase with regard to the nature of the tasks, i.e. in exercising police powers, controlling traffic, investigating criminal offences, using personal protective equipment etc. The perception of police officers about the hazards they encounter at work was examined through a survey questionnaire that was distributed among police officers in the Republic of Slovenia. The respondents stated that the risk of contracting infections while performing police tasks and the risk of attack on police officers are high. The research and its findings were used to devise suggestions on how to manage the perceived risks faced by police officers.

Intervencije so dogodki, na katerih je potrebno delovanje in sodelovanje različnih institucij. Osredotočili smo se na skupno delovanje ter medsebojne odnose policistov in poklicnih gasilcev. Ugotovili smo, kako gasilci ocenjujejo uspešnost policistov, zavzetost policistov pri raznih humanitarnih ali interventnih nalogah. Za potrebe raziskave je predstavljena organizacija in delovanje slovenske policije ter gasilcev. Podrobneje so opisane policijske uprave Murska Sobota, Maribor ter Celje, saj raziskave potekajo v njihovem območju delovanja. Spoznali smo poklicne gasilske enote, ki delujejo na severovzhodu Slovenije, to so poklicne gasilske enote Lendava, Maribor, Celje in Ravne na Koroškem. Pridobili smo podatke, kakšne so ocene in stališča poklicnih gasilcev iz zgoraj naštetih enot do dela policistov na njihovem območju. Rezultati kažejo, da so medsebojni odnosi med policisti in gasilci zelo dobri, kar pa je v nasprotju z rezultatom, ki je pokazal, da njihovo sodelovanje ni dobro. Tako ugotavljamo, da strokoven odnos lahko pripelje do uspešnega delovanja, čeprav sodelovanje ni dobro in bi ga bilo potrebno nadgraditi. Željo po izboljšanju so izrazili tudi anketirani poklicni gasilci. Sodelovanje torej ni vedno idealno, vendar pa se moč izrazi le, če so med seboj složni. Pričakovanje ljudi in skupnosti ter izpolnitev zastavljenih ciljev lahko uresničijo le skupaj. Interventions are situations where different institutions have to work together. The focus is on how police officers and fire fighters collaborate on the field. We got the answers to how fire fighters assess the performance of the police force and their commitment during humanitarian tasks and interventions. For the purpose of the research there is a description of the Slovenian police force and fire fighter unites, how it is organised and how it operates. The Murska Sobota Police Directorate (PD), Maribor PD and Celje PD are described more in detail, because the research has been conducted on their operating range. We met professional fire brigades of Lendava, Maribor, Celje and Ravne na Koroškem, that operate on north east of Slovenia. The results showed that relationships are really good between policemen and firemen, which contradicts with results that showed that their collaboration is not good. Through analysis we noticed that professional attitude can lead to good collaboration, even though it has not been good so far. Professional fire figrters aspire and wish to make it better. The collaboration is not always perfect. But its true power can only be expressed when policemen and firemen are unified. They can only meet the expectations of the public and the community if they effectively work together.

V teoretičnem delu prispevka avtorja govorita o policijskem delu v skupnosti, uspešnosti policijskih organizacij, zadovoljstvu uporabnikov policijskih storitev in interpersonalnih kompetencah. Poudarjata pomen raziskovanja zadovoljstva klicateljev na interventno številko policije 113, ki sodijo med najštevilčnejše uporabnike prvih policijskih storitev. V empiričnem delu naloge proučujeta zadovoljstvo uporabnikov policijski storitev s prvimi ukrepi policije. Pri tem ugotavljata, kateri so tisti segmenti izvajanja prvih ukrepov policije, od sprejema klica državljana na interventni številki policije 113, do zaključka izvedbe policijske intervencije, ki v največji meri vplivajo na stopnjo njihovega zadovoljstva. Empirični del naloge temelji na raziskavi, ki sta jo avtorja opravila na vzorcu 373 klicateljev na interventno številko policije 113 na Operativno komunikacijskem centru Policijske uprave Slovenj Gradec, ki so bili kot klicatelji tudi neposredno udeleženi v različnih interventnih dogodkih. Z uporabo multivariatnih statističnih metod sta ugotovila, da na splošno zadovoljstvo uporabnikov policijskih storitev s prvimi ukrepi policije, v največji meri vplivajo interpersonalne kompetence policistov, ki obravnavajo interventne dogodke (51,4%) in interpersonalne kompetence policistov, ki na interventni številki policije 113 sprejmejo nujne klice občanov (22,2%).

Predstavitev specifičnih dejavnikov stresa, ki jih doživljajo policisti pri svojem delu, saj so zaradi narave dela izpostavljeni drugačnim dejavnikom stresa kot pri drugih poklicih. Hkrati pa želim nakazati na nekatere rešitve na organizacijskem in individualnem nivoju za zmanjšanje in odpravo negativnih posledic.

V teoretičnem delu tega dela avtorja predstavljata nekatera teoretična spoznanja iz različnih raziskav, opravljenih na področju zadovoljstva zaposlenih. Avtorja se osredotočita na dva sektorja: javni sektor in zasebni sektor. Skozi definicijo obeh sektorjev predstavita in opredelita tri pomembne elemente zadovoljstva za organizacijo in zaposlene: medsebojne odnose med zaposlenimi in vodilnimi delavci, odnose med sodelavci in zadnji element zadovoljstva, delovni pogoji in materialna stimulacija. V empiričnem delu naloge, avtorja analizirata ključne prej omenjene dejavnike zadovoljstva med policisti Policijske uprave Ljubljana in dvema izbranima podjetjema. Avtorja analizirata povezave in razlike nekaterih elementov zadovoljstva med izbranimi organizacijami javnega in zasebnega sektorja. V ta namen je raziskava vključevala 92 policistov in 43 zaposlenih v izbranima podjetjema, tako na izvršilnem kot na vodstvenem položaju.

Namen prispevka je seznanitev javnost s problematiko varnosti v cestnem prometu na območju Policijske uprave Celje ter njene preventivne aktivnosti za večjo varnost različnih vrst udeležencev v cestnem prometu. V prispevku s statističnimi podatki najprej prikažemo problematiko varnosti cestnega prometa na območju Policijske uprave Celje v obdobju (1999–2008 po nekaterih kategorijah udeležencev (vozniki enoslednih vozil, problematika vožnje pod vplivom alkohola), s tem da so podatki o prometnih nesrečah s smrtnim izidom in smrtnimi žrtvami zajeti do konca avgusta 2009. Zatem prikažemo metode in načine, kako smo se odzvali na problematiko in koga vse smo vključili v aktivnosti.

Predstavitev pojmovanja družbene odgovornosti policije, ki jo lahko ponazorimo s pomočjo štiri stopenjske piramide in na ta način razložimo celovito družbeno odgovornost, in sicer ekonomsko, zakonsko, etično in filantropsko (človekoljubno).

V diplomskem delu so obravnavani prvi in pravilni odzivi uradnih oseb, tj. policistov in kriminalistov na specifične žrtve kaznivih dejanj, kot tudi prvi in pravilni odziv na žrtve specifičnih kaznivih dejanj. Teorija daje temu prvemu odzivu oziroma pristopu, pod pogojem da je pravilen, velik pomen. V prvem delu teoretičnega dela diplomskega dela je opisano, kakšen je generalni odziv, ki mora biti upoštevan pri vseh žrtvah ter specifični odzivi na specifične žrtve kaznivih dejanj, kot so otroci, starejši, invalidi, osebe z duševnimi motnjami, psihično zaostale žrtve, slepe in slabovidne žrtve, gluhe, naglušne in gluhoneme žrtve ter nezakoniti priseljenci kot žrtve. Te žrtve so zaradi svojih specifičnih lastnosti posebej ranljive in potrebujejo specifičen odziv uradne osebe, ki se prva odzove ter opravi zaslišanje. V drugem delu teoretičnega dela pa so obravnavana specifična kazniva dejanja, ki ne glede na vrsto žrtve zahtevajo specifičen odziv uradne osebe. Teorija predpostavlja, da je od prvega odziva uradne osebe odvisno, kako se bo žrtev spopadla z zločinom in ga prebolela. Empirični del pa se ukvarja z raziskavo med slovenskimi policisti ter kakšno je njihovo poznavanje prvega in pravilnega odziva in ali potrebujejo dodatna usposabljanja. Pri tem je predpostavljeno, da so odzivi, ki jih navaja teorija, pravilni. Glavna ugotovitev je bila, da je poznavanje tega področja med policisti in kriminalisti slabo in da so potrebna dodatna usposabljanja. In my research I discuss first and correct response of officials, i.e. police officers and criminalists, to specific victims of crime, as well as first and correct response to victims of specific crimes. Provided that it is correct, the theory emphasizes the importance of this first response or accession. In the first part of theoretical section of my research, I describe the general response, which must be considered for all victims and specific responses to specific crime victims such as children, elderly, disabled, people with mental illness, mentally retarded, blind and weak-sighted, deaf, hard of hearing, deaf-and-dumb and illegal immigrants. Because of their specific characteristic, this victims are especially vulnerable and they need a specific treatment of official who first responses and conducts a hearing. In the second part of theoretical section I discuss specific crimes which require specific responses of officials, regardless of the type of victims. The theory presumes that the first response of officials influences on how the victim will cope with the crime and get over it. In the empirical part of my research, I present the study about the knowledge of the first and proper response of Slovenian police officers and if they need an additional training. Here I presumed that theoretical responses are correct. The principal finding is that the police officers and criminalists have poor knowledge about this problem and the additional training is required.