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The beginnings of the agricultural and ·woodland valuation in Slovenia date back to the time of the Austro-Hungarian state when the cadastral classification of land was established. After 1953, the conditions of land management and taxation in Slovenia changed. Expert groups and individuals pr7epared proposals of land valuation based on site productivity and the economics of the land management. With the publishing of the rules for soil assessment in 1984, the first professional conditions/or a n:ew land evaluation were established. The land-rating measures land .site productivity based on natural factors, including soil characteristics, climate, relief, and special impacts. The basic unit of administering land rating is the equal land-rating area. The establishment and upgradi.ng took place over several years in the entire territory of Slovenia. The uniform layer of the equal land-rating area of the whole state is administered by the Surveying and Mapping Authority based on the proposal of the individual or ex officio. The uniform layer of equal land-rating area and database of land-rating values are public and used for land valuation purposes· and for land management measures [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyses the changes in land use in the area of the Dravinjske Gorice in the period 2000-2022. Changes in land use are shown depending on the selected natural geographical elements and by cadastral municipalities. The directions of land use change in the considered period and the coefficient of extensification are also analysed. In the past, viticulture was one of the agricultural activities that gave the identity of this region, so for the probe area "Škalce-Bezina-Tepanje" we analysed the changes in the viticulture areas in terms of relative heights, global radiation and viticulture ratings in time profiles 1824-2000-2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results ofa study to define the current size and location of workplaces and business entities in the area. The research was conducted in three stages. In the first step, the analysis of the size and distribution of workplaces according to the municipalities in the Republic of Slovenia for the 2007-2019 period was carried out. In the second step, the size and distribution ofbusiness entities in the space were examined. In the third step, a more detailed analysis was carried out in the test area of the Osrednjeslovenska statistical region, based on: the location in Ljubljana Urban Municipality (hereinafter referred to as MOL), in the municipalities directly bordering MOL and in the other municipalities of the Osrednjeslovenska statistical region. At this stage we also focused on the sector ofactivity of business entities. A strong upward trend in workplaces was found in only a ftw major urban centres along the motorway junction, especially in MOL The same applies to the concentration of business entities. All this suggests that the existing practice of planning activities in physical space does not follow the strategic orientations of spatial acts, which could better control the spatial processes and their consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We can divide the region Ljutomersko-ormoške gorice on Western and Eastern part. Following, are well known by their quality wines, tourism and cultural center Jeruzalem. On the other hand, Western Ljutomersko -- Ormoške gorice are hiding in the shadows of the Eastern part. That's why the process of farm dropping, migration of youth, urbanisation has changed the area of Western Ljutomersko - Ormoških goric, even more. With this kind of movement in the area, Land use has changed a lot. The number of overgrow lands, forest lands, green lands and none arable areas has increased. This kind of land use, can follow to physical geographic changes of areas, as well as to culture changes of areas. The biggest problem of changes in land use are unsensibly use of land. Mostly by overlaying of none arable areas with arable areas, where there are good farming areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Establishing a multi-purpose cadastre, especially in terms of upgrading cadastral contents with the various spatial dttta, such as land use, is a challenge in Slovenia and internationally. Land use strongly affects spatial planning, development, and managmunr, so high-quality spatial integration of the land cadastre with spatial plans data is crucial for effective land management. In the first part of the article, wr rrviewed the literature and documents that prescribe guitk/ines for the development of the land cadastrt; we use there guitklines as a basis for developing a proposed method of linking and harmonising the data of the land cadastre with the spatial plan data. Land use is specified in spatial plans, and we linked it to the graphical and attribute land cadastre data layer. \~tested the method in Prekmurje with a high-quality cadastre. Selected study areas are the municipalities of Kmmarovci and Nemcavci. As a result, we presented land use data directly in the land cadastre database, which requires simultaneous land me and cadastre maintenance. Based on the results for selected cadastral municipalitin, wr critically evaluated the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we analyse land-use change in the municipality of Juršinci. In the first part of the article we discuss the changes in land use in relation to some natural-geographical characteristics in the period 2000-2021. We also discuss the most frequent directions of land use change. In the second part of the paper, we look at the changes in vineyard areas. In this context, we compared the extent of vineyard area in 1824 with the current situation. We also analyse the utilisation of quality vineyard areas in the past and today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the process of real estate reallocation as a mass cadastral subdivision process of agrarian communities’ customary rights. The agricultural communities have existed for centuries and have been jointly owning and using the common land. Such gatherings were developed mainly due to the unique requirements deriving from land use and relief characteristics, such as joint forest management on mountain slopes. The main objective of this research has been to analyse the process of real estate subdivision, which has its legal background in Slovenian legislation. In this paper, the process of cadastral subdivision of land owned by agricultural communities is presented as a mass cadastral land subdivision process: from preparatory work to the new geometric structure of the common land. The cadastral, organisational, and engineering role of the chartered surveying engineer and the surveying company is examined. An aim of the paper is, inter alia, to develop a conceptual model of the process that will serve as a basis for optimisation, for a more just and more efficient distribution of assets among community members. The course of the individual steps of the community established land subdivision is shown with unified modelling language (UML) activity diagrams. As a case study, we have considered the subdivision of the property of the agricultural community of Zgornja Sorica in Slovenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper showed land use changes in the Pomurje statistical region in the period 2000-2020. Changes are analysed in 11 categories of land use at the level of the whole region and at the level of municipalities. The directions of land use change are also analysed. Changes in arable land are shown using the extensification coefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the importance of self-sufficiency on the one hand, and caring for natural resources such as soil and water on the other, it is increasingly important to know how soils are adapted to climate change from an ecosystem perspective. This means according to their properties, which significantly affect the ability to retain water, the presence of organic matter, denudation and erosion, and the ability to self-regenerate. Such properties are thickness, texture, organic matter, consistency and skeleton. As there are no quantitative data for all soils, we prepared an evaluation method based on their theoretical descriptions (from previous research) and classified them into unadapted, partially adapted and well adapted to climate change. In Prekmurje, unadapted and partially adapted soils to climate change predominate, which is a warning for land use planning in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of a research on the occurrence and concentration of pesticides in the groundwater of the Dravsko polje aquifer in the period from 2013 to 2015. Based on the results, the evaluation of spatial distribution of pesticides in groundwater and the relation to land use was performed. In different hydrogeological periods, 76 groundwater samples were collected at 19 different locations. 15 pesticides with their metabolites in groundwater were identified. Despite the prohibition of use, atrazine and its degradation product desethylatrazine still remain the most commonly detected pesticides in groundwater. They are followed by metolachlor, desethylterbutylazine and terbutylazine. The pesticides alachlor, dimetamide, metazachlor and terbutrin were not detected. The analysis of detected pesticides by land use indicates higher values in areas with intensive agricultural activity. In the northern part of the Dravsko polje, where the city of Maribor is located, pesticide concentrations are lower. Increased pesticide values occur in the southern part of the Dravsko polje, which coincides with more intensive agricultural land use of the area. The coefficient of degradation product / primary pesticide ratio (DAR and DTA/ TBA) was used to estimate the "age" of contamination from atrazine and terbutilazine. Surprising is the high incidence of atrazine, which may result from old burdens, slow decomposition and hydrogeological conditions, or the use of atrazine after the enactment of the ban. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents classification methods that enable the division of space into homogeneous areas that combine the spatial characteristics with influence on land use and changes thereof. It was determined that the existing methods do not always include the criteria needed for the aggregation of spatial units into homogeneous groups. The results of the analysis showed that the identified homogenous groups do not fully capture the spatial complexity and diversity important for land use change analyses. For this reason, a new approach to the classification of spatial units based on the unsupervised classification of digital images was proposed. The methodology includes the selection of appropriate indicators, that consider land use more comprehensively and thus enable better classification results. The use of the unsupervised classification method for prevailing land use typology has been tested in Slovenia. At the municipal level, seven types of prevailing land use were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents trends in transformation of land use in areas of great flood hazard in Slovenia between years 2000 and 2016. Focuse is mainly on probe areas Dolinsko, Krško-Brežice Field and Ljubljana Marshes. We analysed the land use in probe areas and in seven Slovenian municipalities with the largest combined surface of areas of great flood hazard for both years of this study. Our focuse was mainly on inappropriate land use in the areas of great flood hazard in Slovenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the spread of globalization and the post-war economic growth, the mountain villages in Japan are experiencing dramatic changes. The process started by abandoning the traditional activities of mountain villages such as sericulture and forestry. From the beginning of the fifties of the last century it was further accelerated with growingly aging population and large-scale afforestation. Today, many mountain villages in Japan are pushed to the periphery of metropolitan areas. As a consequence, they do not have a proper functional economic base, and therefore, the traditional social and economic system is in a process of collapse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The content of following the work analyses chosen physical-geographical indicators in Pomurje Statistical Region, which have proven to be great potentials for agriculture. Chosen indicators include functional inclination, exposition, pedological units, floor number and analysis of strategically important areas for cultivation and agriculture. The trends of exploitation of these potentials are demonstrated with observations of land use changes in the period between 2000 and 2017. The latter show occurring process of extensification, where lands in overgrowth, forests and build-up lands are expanding due to reduction of fields with gardens and vineyards. Most of these unfavourable processes occur in areas with most favourable condition for cultivation. This reflects negative trends and deviates from national paradigm in food selfsufficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eastern Ljutomersko-Ormoške gorice are among the most vital vineyard areas of Northeastern Slovenia. Nevertheless, the region has not been spared from the processes of deagrarization and subsequent land use changes which are going in the direction of the abandonment of cultivated areas, greening, overgrowth and afforestation. The article analyses land use changes in the area of Eastern Ljutomersko-Ormoške gorice between 2000 and 2015 in relation to selected physiographic features. Main focus was on cultivated areas, particularly vineyard areas. The directions of land use changes for the studied period are also analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article treats natural characteristics of Pohorske Planje area and the changes in cultural landscape because of land use. The natural characteristics are analysed and shown on the evidence of land categories. The changes in land categories from the year 2000 to 2014 are also shown. The analysis shows a change in cultural landscape. The changes can be seen in expansion of forest and in extensification of agricultural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, we analysed the land use in areas of great flood hazard in Slovenia in the year 2014. We mainly examined inappropriate land use in the areas of great flood hazard. We showed the trends in land use changes in the flood regions between the years 2000 and 2014 and analysed the trends in the municipalities mostly threatened by floods. Further on, we separately analysed the current state of land use in the flood region along Drava River in November 2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the field of agricultural land protection against soil sealing in Slovenia from the perspective of the land development tax applied to land-use changes. In Slovenia, the land development tax for agricultural land use change was introduced in 1970s with the aim to slow-down the then huge interventions in agricultural land and at the same time to get financial resources for investments in agriculture, in particular for the purpose of agrarian operations. In the research, the methodology for calculating the land development tax for conversion of agricultural land to built-up land and the amount of the tax in Slovenia during reference intervals in the study period 1979-2012 is analysed. The results of the research are presented together with the legal framework, which regulated the discussed field in individual time periods. For the study period, an analysis of methodology for calculating the agricultural land development tax was done for three cadastral districts (Novo mesto, Kranjska Gora and Murska Sobota), and an in-depth analysis of actual payments was done in the area of administrative unit of Lendava in the cadastral district of Murska Sobota. It has been shown that the amount of the agricultural land development tax was changing in the study period and that its value in the past had significantly exceeded the amount, which was determined with the change of legislation in 2011, and has been even decreased in 2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of suitability analysis of land use records of agricultural and forest land from the Slovenian ministry responsible for agriculture, for the purpose of land use change monitoring in Slovenia. To date, these data are the only systematically gathered data concerning land use in the country. For qualitative land use change detection, the metadata of land use datasets are of crucial importance. In the article, the changing criteria for land use data acquisition of agricultural and forest land are exposed. For the case of the Pomurska Statistical Region, the analysis of land use change has been conducted based on land use data of the agricultural ministry in the period 2002-2011. The main objective has been to provide the basic information on the quality of used datasets in order to assist the critical and correct interpretation and use of land use data of the agricultural sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a way of establishing an environmental information system, part of which includes water. A key objective of the information system is to maintain and improve the quality and availability of information necessary for the implementation of environmental policy. This also contributes to a reduction of administrative burdens and to better environmental decision-making. The article gives the basic principles for the establishment of an information system and explains its significance. It describes the current European situation regarding this. Through Slovenian examples and experiences, efforts made are presented, and the advantage of access, sharing and interoperability in the case of water is shown. The advantages of a distributed information system for water sector are highlighted. A pilot project upgrading hydrography data and land use water land is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the purpose of water management, the Water Act envisages the defining of water and waterside land data. The register of water and waterside land has not yet been established. Land use data is the first step to the final establishment of the register, as defined by the Water Act. In Slovenia, there are few registers containing data that can be interpreted as part of the water and waterside land in accordance with the act. A comparison of data from the land cadastre, the register of land use of agricultural and forest land and data obtained from tests of water and waterside land was made. We compared the definitions, methods of data capture, data quality and maintenance procedures, and performed visual and spatial comparisons of captured objects. The comparison included a general overview of the ownership of the areas where data from different registers overlap. In conclusion, the essential differences between the registers are presented together with proposals for harmonization of spatially dependent data from different registers. The focus is on proposals to create a single, uniform register of land use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Land Cadastre Representation (ZKP) is a graphic representation of all parcels and parcel numbers in Slovenia. By definition, this is the image of the shape and position of the parcels. The positional precision of the ZKP is highly variable, in some areas even very poor. The Land Cadastre Plan (ZKN) is made on the basis of high quality data obtained in the processes of maintaining the land cadastre and solves the problems with positional precision. This paper presents the data sources that produce the ZKN, the ZKN's method for producing various types of data sources, the quality of the product, the way of maintaining the ZKN, as well as the practical accessibility and possibility of wider use of the ZKN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper we present some illustrative examples from the Prekmurje region that are related to the issue of registration of water infrastructure in the land cadastre. The Prekmurje region is known among surveyors for the fact that it has a much higher geolocation quality of land cadastre in comparison with the rest of Slovenia. Surveyors are usually able to take this fact into account correctly in their work, but unfortunately this does not apply to other public services, which are responsible for specific areas of environmental management, such as water management and transport infrastructure management, records of agricultural actual use, etc. With the presented examples, we first show the damaging consequences of breaching the rules and facts of land cadastre in the management of water infrastructure facilities. Next, we present the beneficial consequences of compliance with land cadastre rules and facts in the case of extensive flow reconstruction of Kučnica stream on the state border with Austria and its recording in land cadastre. The main purpose of the presented cases is to help the competent managers of water infrastructure in Slovenia to understand better and adhere strictly to the fundamental role of land cadastre in the spatial management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scenarios are frequently used as a tool in spatial and landscape planning as they enable clear and convincing representations of planned or possible future development. Scenarios are useful because they enhance public participation and the exchange of information on space and processes. Their use for a particular purpose in the planning procedure depends on the type of scenario, of which there are several. This paper presents the two most commonly used typologies in detail and also presents those of some prominent representatives of futurology. The paper concludes with examples of scenario use in applicative and research studies, both foreign and local, in the fields of spatial planning and environmental protection, outlining the various methodological approaches to the design and use of scenarios. The discussion is focused on the use of appropriate types of scenarios for different tasks and draws attention to certain shortcomings and pitfalls of scenario use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatial analysis in agriculture is gaining in importance, as it allows the rapid and effective spatial display of dynamic processes in agricultural areas. This is important in the preparation of spatial plans at the national and local levels and the creation of agricultural measures and legislation. High-quality spatial data and spatial information indirectly represent a fundamental basis in the planning process, in which the agricultural sector represents an important segment. This article highlights the relevance and usefulness of the Slovenian spatial databases for the case of the land cover database at the Ministry of Agriculture for the purpose of land use change analysis and spatial analysis in Slovenian agriculture. The advantages and some limitations of spatial databases, with the emphasis on the evidence of actual agricultural and forest land use, are displayed based on the analysis of actual land use and land use changes with the use of the transition matrix method, within the Ljubljansko barje landscape park. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raziskava se ukvarja s spreminjanjem krajinske zgradbe na območju Bele krajine v zadnjih 220 letih. Do leta 1913 je bila Bela krajina znacilna kmetijska krajina. Po prvem emigracijskem valu (po koncu 1. svetovne vojne) se zacne obmocje postopoma zaraščati z gozdom. Druga svetovna vojna je regiji prinesla številne spremembe: zacel se je drugi val izseljevanja prebivalcev, spremenila pa se je tudi krajinska zgradba. Zaradi intenzivnega opušcanja kmetijske rabe in zarašcanja kmetijskih zemljišc dobi Bela krajina znacaj gozdnate krajine. Po letu 1960 se zacne v Beli krajini tretji val izseljevanja prebivalstva. Leta 1980 raziskovano obmocje že popolnoma porašca gozd. Krajina postane gozdna. Po letu 1981 opazimo rahel porast prebivalstva, še posebej v naseljih ob glavnih prometnicah in v vecjih naseljih. Ta trend pa ni imel vpliva na spremembo krajinske zgradbe. Današnja krajinska zgradba Bele krajine je precej drugacna kot v preteklosti in je odraz ekonomskih in socialnih sprememb v pokrajini. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Municipality of Koper is one of the case studies in the European research project PLUREL. The project is aimed at developing new strategies and tools for future land use planning and prediction. Some scenarios for possible future land use have been prepared and spatially defined, based upon different indicators and trends, using the MOLAND model. The model is based on spatial dynamics, a key variable being the land use and the state of each cell is its land use class (e.g. residential, industrial, commercial, forest, agricultural land etc.). Based on the developed storylines of the scenarios, the model simulates changes in future land use and spatially defines the changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]