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У првом делу рада аутор проблематизује потребу дефинисања жанра научне фантастике, излажући аргументе савремених теоретичара који су уверени у неуспех досадашњих покушаја да се то учини. Та настојања се потом представљају кроз ликове карактеристичних представника два приступа дефинисању научне фантастике: историјског и формалистичког. Налази се да историјски приступ не нуди конклузивно одређење тог жанра већ пре, напротив, безобално шири његове границе. У формалистичком приступу запажа се спор тумача који стављају нагласак на одредницу науке и оних који радије потенцирају фикцију приликом покушаја дистинктивног одређења научнофантастичног жанра. У завршном делу рада указује се на могућност помирења фантастике с науком сагледавањем научне фантастике као весника научних открића: научнофантастична пракса може се засновано интегрисати у науку и њену историју уколико се уклоне „сцијентистичка“ и „креативистичка“ предубеђења која томе стоје на путу. Закључак рада сугерише да то помирење није оправдано, интегрисање још мање, уколико укида антагонистичку, али продуктивну напетост научних факата и књижевне фикције.

Introduction G-banding and other classical cytogenetic methods are still in use, together with molecular cytogenetic techniques such as FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) and SKY (Spectral Karyotyping). Material and methods This retrospective study evaluated clinical data on individuaols seeking genetic counseling over a 15-year period (1992 - 2007) at the Medical Genetic Center, Child and Youth Health Care Institute of Vojvodina in Novi Sad. The study included 37.191 genetic counselings, and 20.607 prenatal analyses (amniocentesis and cordocentesis). Results Over a 15-year period (1992 - 2007) 17.937 amniotic fluid samples were analyzed and 274 abnormal karyotypes were found; out of 2.670 fetal blood samples, there were 78 abnormal karyotypes. During a 15-year period, prenatal diagnosis, using amniocentesis and/or cordocentesis, showed 352 fetuses with chromosomal aberrations. Discussion On average, over the past 15-year period, 8% of pregnancies were controlled with invasive prenatal procedures. The percentage has changed; in fact, it is increasing from year to year. In 1992, only 0.82% (N=139/17000) of pregnant women in Vojvodina underwent invasive prenatal procedures, and in 2006 the rate increased to 15.65% (N=2660/17000). Conclusion. It is necessary to improve and promote the possibilities of genetic counseling and invasive prenatal diagnosis in order to prevent the occurrence of chromosomal aberrations and other genetic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of accelerated eutrophication of the water ecosystems has not been appreciated proportionally to the development of human society today. Accelerated or fast eutrophication is detected destiny in majority of ecosystems today, mainly due to adverse human impact. This paper aims to introduce ERM methods in treating the problems arising from increased total capacity and saprobity and also accelerated eutrophication. In this way the broadness and importance of ERM as an ecosystem service for the water protection should be emphasized. The basic characteristics of ERM are its high buffer and self-protective capacities, and preservation of natural habitats and biological diversity. ERM represents the ‘returning to nature’ approach aiming to preserve or re-establish the natural balance of the ecosystems, but also a human endeavor that enables new jobs and by-side activities important for economic and social development of the human society.

Introduction Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), also known as Lynch syndromes I and II, accounts for about 5-8% of colorectal cancers. Lynch syndrome I is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by early onset of colorectal cancer, predominance of proximal and multiple tumors, and microsatellite instability. In order to identify HNPCC, the international "Amsterdam criteria" have been used. Case report The proband was a 40-year-old male who was admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of advanced rectal cancer. Left colectomy was carried out. A histopathologic diagnosis of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of clinical stage Dukes C was made. The family talking was done and it was revealed that the proband had five family members (one of first degree relative) with colorectal cancer, and two successive generations affected. All malignancy were diagnosed before 45 years of age. In one family member, metachronous transverse cancer was revealed 12 yearrs after surgery for cecal adenocarcinoma. Discussion and conclusion The main molecular cause for HNPCC is constitutional mutation in one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes that regulate the excision of errors occurring during DNA replication. The most often are mutations of MLHI and MSH2 genes, and microsatellite instability is present in about 90-95% HNPCC. In this report, we present a case of an HNPCC patient who met the Amsterdam criteria for Lynch syndrome I. Family members that fulfil the Amsterdam criteria should be investigated for mutation in MMR genes. The genetic tests are not routinely available, so colonoscopic screening of all asymptomatic family members older than 25 has been recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]