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V tej diplomski nalogi se je reševal problem iskanja najboljše strategije pri igri Kača, ki nas bi ponesla do najboljšega rezultata. Problem pri tem je, da je mogočih neskončno različnih strategij, vsaka pa ima svoje prednosti in slabosti. Za reševanje problema se je najprej izdelalo osnovno igro Kača. Na njej se je potem implementiralo in izdelalo različne algoritme umetne inteligence, pri čemer vsak uporablja svojo strategijo. Ko je igra delovala, se je začelo z izdelavo algoritmov. Algoritme se je izdelalo enega za drugim. Rezultati se primerjajo po največji dolžini kače, številih premikov in številih poskusov. This paper solves the problem of looking for the best strategy in the Snake game that would ensure the best result. The problem is that there are countless possible strategies, with each having its strengths and weaknesses. To solve the problem, the basic Snake game was first created. After that, various artificial intelligence algorithms were created and implemented, with each using its own strategy. When the game was functional, algorithms were created one after another. Results are compared in terms of snake length, number of moves and number of tries.

V diplomskem delu je raziskan postopek ustvarjanja animacij na 3D modelu in njihova uporaba oz. integracija v video igri. Opisuje več metod dela in orodij za doseganje kakovostnih rezultatov ter njihovo uporabo na konretnih primerih. Spusti se tudi v VFX in fizikalne simulacije dinamike togih teles. S končnim izdelkom pokrije vsa glavna področja animiranja, ki jih lahko srečamo v video igrah. Zajema izdelavo primerne 3D mreže in animiranje v Blenderju, uporabo različnih virov animacij, prehod iz Blenderja v igralni pogon Unity, vzpostavitev igralčevega karakterja v tretji osebi, programiranje skript, sisteme delcev, senčilnike za animiranje tekstur, animacije z zbirko 2D slik in uničljivo okolje s simulacijo fizike. The thesis researches the process of creating animation for 3D models and their integration into video games. It delves into several work methods that can yield quality results and describes their usage on practical examples. It also gets into VFX and physics simulations of rigid body dynamics. The finished product covers all the main areas of animation that can be found in video games. Creating a suitable 3D mesh and animating in Blender, usage of various animation sources, transitioning from Blender to the Unity game engine, setting up the player character in third person, scripting, particle systems, shaders for animating textures, sprite-sheet animations and a destructible environment with physics simulation.

Naloga predstavi potek izdelave igre od začetka do konca v pogonu Unity. Vsi pri izdelavi uporabljeni pripomočki so na voljo brezplačno. Naloga najprej na splošno predstavi pogon Unity, kako se ga uporablja in njegov trenuten položaj na trgu. Predstavi njegov UV in osnovne funkcionalnosti. V naslednjem poglavju se prične opis izdelave igre. Najprej je predstavljena izdelava glavnega menija. Sledi izdelava glavnega dela igre, kar vključuje izdelavo objektov, premikanja igralca, nasprotnikov, UI, detekcije kolizij, animacij in UV. Kasneje je predstavljena tudi izdelava zvočnih efektov in shranjevanja. Na koncu je še razloženo, kako se končno delo izvozi, predstavljeno pa je tudi mnenje prostovoljcev, ki so igro preizkusili. This diploma presents the process of game development from start to finish in the Unity engine. All assets used during development are available to anyone for free. The diploma first describes the Unity engine itself and where it currently stands on the market. Then it presents its UI and basic functionalities. The next chapter details the making of the game. First, it presents the creation of the main menu. This is followed by the creation of the core gameplay, which includes objects, movement of the player, opponents, AI, collision detection, animations and UI. Later on the creation of sound effects and saving of progress are also explained. Finally, it shows how the final work is exported and presents the opinions of volunteers, who have tested the game.

V času progresivnega tehnološkega napredka, močno izrazitega tudi na področju mobilnih tehnologij, opažamo množično uporabo mobilnih naprav. To lahko prištevamo izjemni funkcionalnosti mobilnih naprav, ki se v nekaterih vidikih lahko primerjajo s funkcionalnostjo računalnikov. Razvoj mobilnih naprav pa seveda vpliva na razvoj mobilnih iger, ki so postale skoraj stalnica pri precejšnjem deležu populacije. Cilj diplomske naloge je opis izdelave mobilne igre, od ideje do objave na spletnem trgu. Ta lahko posameznikom služi kot podroben priročnik izdelave poljubne neodvisne igre ali zgolj vpogled v delo programerjev in ostalih članov, ki sodelujejo v tovrstni proizvodnji. Diplomska naloga je zasnovana na osnovi osebnih izkušenj, pridobljenih v podjetju Razum, d. o. o., predlogih mentorja in podrobnem pregledu literature. V nalogi predstavljamo video igre, vrste podjetij, načine financiranja, pogosto uporabljene tehnologije pri razvoju mobilne igre, pa tudi analizo in procese razvoja mobilne igre ter različne vrste oglaševanja mobilne igre. Rezultati pričujoče diplomske naloge lahko koristijo vsakomur, ki se namerava začeti resno ukvarjati z razvojem iger. In the times of progressive technological progress, clearly expressed also in the field of mobile technologies, we observe a mass use of mobile devices. This can be attributed to the outstanding functionality of mobile devices, which in some respects can be compared to traditional computers. The development of mobile devices, of course, influences the development of mobile games, which have become a tool for everyday entertainment for a huge chunk of world population. The aim of my Bachelor's thesis is to describe the production of a mobile game, an idea to the publication on the online market. This can serve as a detailed guide for individuals to help them make an indie game or to gain insight into the work of programmers and other members involved in this type of production. The thesis will be based on personal experience gained in Razum, d. o. o. The thesis presents video games, types of companies, methods of financing, commonly used technologies in the development of mobile games as well as the analysis and processes of mobile game development and various types of mobile game advertising. The results of this thesis will benefit everyone who is interested in becoming a mobile game developer.

Cilj diplomske naloge je spoznati igralni pogon Godot ter v njem z orodji, ki jih ponuja pogon, razviti računalniško igro. Naloga najprej predstavi začetke izbranega žanra igre in njegove značilnosti. Nato sledi predstavitev igralnih pogonov, njihove zgodovine, sestave in namena. V tretjem delu prikaže igralni pogon Godot, delovanje podsistemov pogona, organizacijo projekta in programiranje v njem. Glavni del diplome opisuje razvoj računalniške igre. Ta prikaže sestavo končne igre, ki sem jo razvil med pisanjem. Predstavljeni so sestavni deli igre in njihova implementacija. Na koncu naloga opiše še izvoz igre za platformi Windows in Android. The purpose of this diploma is learning to use the Godot game engine and developing a computer game, using its tools. The first part explains the chosen game genre, when it first appeared and its characteristics. Afterwards we look at game engines in general, how they developed through time, the systems that comprise them and their purpose. In the next part we look at the Godot game engine, how some of its core systems work, how it organizes projects and how we can program in it. The main part shows the process of creating our own game. Its structure, what components were used and how they work. Finally, we look at the steps to export our game to the Windows and Android platform.

Zmožnost delovanja (in zmagovanja) v igrah se pri umetni inteligenci pogosto uporablja kot pokazatelj oz. merilo splošnejše sposobnosti. S stopnjevanjem izzivov pa so zaradi tehničnih ovir odmevni podvigi primorani sklepati kompromise - vmesniki simulacijskih okolij so lahko za umetne agente neskladno prirejeni, kar vzbuja negotovosti v primerjavah z ljudmi. Pregled izbranih del na področju globokega spodbujevalnega učenja v realnočasnih strateških igrah poudarja potrebo po novem merilnem okolju, ki z omogočanjem enakovrednejših vmesnikov bolje izpostavlja vlogo strateških elementov in je hkrati primerno za poskuse na porazdeljenih sistemih. Slednje je izvedeno kot skupinska tekmovalna igra, v opisu katere se obravnavajo določeni tehnični in teoretični problemi na primerih posnemovalnega in spodbujevalnega učenja. Capability of acting (and winning) in games is often used in artifcial intelligence as an indicator or measure of more general ability. However, as challenges escalate, notable efforts are forced to compromise due to technical limitations - interfaces of simulated environments can be inconsistently adapted for artifcial agents, which induces uncertainty in comparisons with humans. Review of select works in the feld of deep reinforcement learning in real-time strategy games highlights necessity for a new benchmark environment, which better emphasises the role of strategic elements by enabling more equivalent interfaces and is also suitable for experiments on distributed systems. The latter is realised as a team-based competitive game, in description of which specifc technical and theoretical problems are examined on the cases of imitation and reinforcement learning.

V današnjem času se mobilne telefone uporablja tako za zabavo kot tudi za poslovne namene. Igranje na mobilnih napravah je postalo vse bolj priljubljeno, posledično je v zadnjih letih industrija razvoja iger drastično narasla. V diplomskem delu smo predstavili celoten razvoj igre, od ideje do končnega produkta. Za razvoj programske opreme smo se zgledovali po agilnih metodah, katere se danes veliko uporablja pri izdelavi iger. Igro smo izdelovali s pomočjo ogrodja MonoGame ter okolja za izdelovanje in oblikovanje 3D modelov, Blender. Diplomsko delo vsebuje pristope k reševanju pogosto pojavljenih težav, kot so na primer premikanje, trki, sistem delcev, obnašanje nasprotnika, rotacije. Tekom naloge je opisanih tudi več problemov, na katere je potrebno paziti, kot so zmanjševanje števila trikotnikov, shranjevanje podatkov ter izbira pravih sličic/pisav, ki ustrezajo večini resolucij. Igra je sestavljena iz dveh načinov igranja, ki sta povezana s tematiko reševanja gozdov. Vsak način igranja vsebuje 30 po težavnosti stopnjujočih se nivojev, ki smo jih sestavili z implementiranim okoljem za izdelovanje ter testiranje nivojev. Po zaključenih funkcionalnostih igre smo igro vodili skozi faze izdaje, s katerimi igro testiramo in pripravimo za objavo. Nowadays, mobile phones are used for entertainment as well as business purposes. Games on mobile devices are becoming increasingly popular. As a result, the game development industry has grown dramatically in recent years. This thesis describes the entire development of a game, from the idea to the final product. For software development, we followed the principles of agile methods, which are now widely used in game development. We created the game using the MonoGame framework and the 3D modeling and design environment Blender. The thesis contains solution approaches to common game problems such as motion, collisions, particle system, enemy behavior, rotations. During the work, several problems are described that need to be considered, such as reducing the number of triangles, saving data, and choosing the right sprites and fonts that fit most resolutions. The game consists of two game modes related to the forest rescue theme. Each game mode contains 30 escalating difficulty levels, which we created with an implemented environment for creating and testing levels. After finalizing the functionalities of the game, we took the game through the stages of testing and preparing it for release.

Uvod: Igra je pomembna za otrokov telesni, socialni, čustveni in kognitivni razvoj in počutje. Otroka vabi v interakcijo z drugimi ljudmi in ponuja različne načine ukvarjanja z otrokom. Socialna igra se pojavi že pri dojenčku in se nato razvija od družabnega nasmeha do igre z vrstniki. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil raziskati pomen igre z vrstniki za otrokov razvoj, kakšno vlogo imajo pri igri starši in vrstniki ter kako prikrajšanje za igro vpliva na otrokovo vedenje in razvoj. Ugotoviti smo želeli, kako je prikrajšanje za igro z vrstniki v izjemnih razmerah med epidemijo COVID-19 spomladi 2020 vplivalo na otroka ter njegovo vedenje in igro. Metode dela: Na spletni anketni vprašalnik so odgovarjali starši predšolskih otrok, ki so bili v spomladanskih mesecih 2020 stari med 3 in 6 let. Vseboval je vprašanja zaprtega in odprtega tipa. Rezultati: Anketni vprašalnik je izpolnilo 47 staršev predšolskih otrok. Med otroki je bilo 26 deklic in 21 dečkov. Ugotovili smo, da se je čas za prosto igro med tednom v domačem okolju med epidemijo zaradi virusa COVID-19 pri večini otrok podaljšal na več kot štiri ure dnevno. Spremembo v vedenju otroka je opazila le polovica staršev. Skoraj vsi otroci so svoje prijatelje pogrešali vsaj v nekem obdobju med izrednimi razmerami. Večina staršev je bila dodatnega časa za igro z otroki vesela. Malo manj kot polovica staršev je menila, da je bilo to obdobje tudi stresno zaradi dela od doma, več dela z gospodinjskimi opravili, več otrok, ki so jih potrebovali in dela s šolanjem od doma starejšega otroka. Po mnenju staršev za več kot polovico otrok to obdobje ni bilo stresno ali pa je bilo zanje celo lažje. Razprava in zaključek: Socialna igra je pri otrocih pomembna, saj zmanjšuje stres. Dolgotrajno pomanjkanje igre z vrstniki, ki je lahko posledica epidemije, neugodno vpliva na otrokovo vedenje in duševno zdravje ter privede do depresije, občutkov sovražnosti, agresije in večje možnosti za pojav hiperaktivnosti. Razen enega so vsi otroci v času epidemije pogrešali igro s prijatelji. Skoraj vsi starši so bili veseli dodatnega časa za igro z otroci, vendar je za skoraj polovico bilo to obdobje tudi stresno. Introduction: Play is important for a child's physical, social, emotional and cognitive development and well-being. It invites the child to interact with other people and offers different ways of dealing with the child. Social play occurs as early as infancy and then develops from a social smile to play with peers. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis was to explore the importance of play with peers for children's development, what role parents and peers play in the game and how deprivation of play affects the child's behavior and development. We wanted to find out how the deprivation of playing with peers in exceptional circumstances during the covid-19 epidemic in the spring of 2020 affected the child and his behavior and play. Methods: Parents of pre-school children who were between 3 and 6 years old in the spring months of 2020 answered the online questionnaire. It contained closed-ended and open-ended questions. Results: The survey questionnaire was completed by 47 parents of preschool children. Among the children, there were 26 girls and 21 boys. We found that the time for free play during the week in the home environment during the epidemic due to the COVID-19 virus in most children was extended to more than four hours per day. Only half of the parents noticed a change in the child's behavior. Almost all the children missed their friends at least at some point during the emergency. Most parents were happy to have extra time to play with their children. Slightly less than half of the parents felt that this period was also stressful due to working from home, more work with household chores, more children in need and working with schooling from the home of an older child. According to parents, for more than half of the children, this period was not stressful or even easier for them. Discussion and conclusion: Social play is important for children as it reduces stress. Prolonged lack of play with peers, which can result in an epidemic, adversely affects a child’s behavior and mental health and leads to depression, feelings of hostility, aggression, and an increased chance of hyperactivity. Except one all children missed playing with friends during the epidemic. Almost all the parents were happy for the extra time to play with children but for almost half that period of time was also stressful.

Ob porastu števila modernih računalniških iger in količine časa, ki jim ga ljudje namenimo, je bil naš cilj razviti štiri računalniške igre, ki skozi igrifikacijo (angl. gamification) kognitivnih testov pripomorejo k razvijanju igralčevih umskih sposobnosti. Uporabnike želimo s pomočjo igrifikacije dodatno motivirati in angažirati k izvajanju kognitivnih treningov ter s tem pozitivno vplivati na njihove kognitivne sposobnosti. Analizirali smo razliko med uveljavljenimi kognitivnimi testi in prirejenimi testi, realiziranimi znotraj naše aplikacije. Zanimalo nas je tudi, kako prirejene moderne računalniške igre vplivajo na uspešnost samih testov. Npr.: kako se različni uporabniki skozi igre obnesejo na igrificiranih kognitivnih testih ali je uporabnik, ki je uspešen na potrjenih kognitivnih testih, uspešen tudi v igrificiranih testih in ali uporabnik, ki v prostem času veliko igra računalniške igre, doseže boljše rezultate v naših igrificiranih testih. Poleg samih računalniških iger smo razvili tudi zaledni sistem z uporabniškim vmesnikom, s pomočjo katerega smo v sodelovanju s psihologi lahko igrifikacijo priredili vsakemu posamezniku. Želja je bila razviti dober sistem igrifikacije, ki bo odprt za prilagoditve in nadgradnje. Tako smo testirali tudi uspešnost igrifikacije - ali so bili uporabniki bolj motivirani in angažirani po izvedbi igrificiranih kognitivnih testov, kot bi bili sicer. Uspešnost igrifikacije smo testirali tako, da smo kvantificirali motivacijo uporabnikov pri izvajanju igrificiranih kognitivnih testov ter jo primerjali z motivacijo pri izvedbi klasičnih testov. Kasneje smo s pomočjo analiz pridobljenih podatkov in povratnih informacij igrifikacijo poizkušali dodatno izboljšati nato pa smo testiranja ponovili. Rezultati analiz so v splošnem pokazali, da naše računalniške igre dobro korelirajo s podobnimi klasičnimi testi, pri večini testirancev pa so kazale povišano motiviranost. With the increasing number of modern computer games and the amount of time that people devote to them, our goal was to develop four computer games that, through gamification, help cognitive development of the player's mental abilities. We want to further motivate and engage users in cognitive training, thereby positively influence their cognitive abilities. We analyzed the difference between approved cognitive tests and customized cognitive tests realized within our application. We were interested in how customized modern computer games affect the performance of tests themselves. How different users perform through games in customized cognitive tests whether a user who is successful in validated cognitive tests is also successful in customized tests and whether a user who spends a lot of time playing computer games achieves better results in our customized tests. In addition to computer games, we also developed a back-end system with a user interface, with the help of which, in collaboration with psychologists, we were able to tailor the gamification to each individual. The desire was to develop a good gamification system that would be open to adjustments and upgrades. Thus, we also tested gamification performance whether users were more motivated and engaged after performing gamified cognitive tests than they would have been otherwise. We tested the success of gamification by quantifying users motivation to perform gamified cognitive tests and comparing it to that of classic tests. Later, we tried to further improve the gamification with the help of data analysis and feedback, and then repeated the tests. The results of the analyzes have generally shown that our computer games correlate well with similar classic tests, with most test subjects showing increased motivation.

Diplomsko delo opisuje izdelavo igre z imenom eLOVEC, katere glavna značilnost je čim bolj realistično prikazano okolje. Igra je bila izdelana v igralnem pogonu Unity 3D in deluje na operacijskem sistemu Windows, Linux ter MacOS. Na začetku dela je predstavljen igralni pogon, kaj nam ponuja in kako je zgrajen. Naše delo je vključevalo izdelavo realističnega virtualnega okolja, programiranje lovca in živali, izdelavo preprostega uporabniškega vmesnika ter sprotno spreminjanje podrobnosti. Rezultat dela je računalniška igra, ki je bila testirana na različnih računalnikih z različnimi nastavitvami in prikazom učinkovitosti delovanja. This thesis describes the development of a game called eHunter, which is placed in the virtual environment, where our aim is to create the most realistic visualization of nature possible. The game was made with the game engine Unity 3D and it runs on the operating systems Windows, Linux and MacOS. In the beginning of the thesis the game engine is presented along with available tools the user can use by his/her work. The making of the game included creating a realistic virtual environment, programming the hunters and the animals behaviour, making a simplified user interface as well as observing and changing details. Finally the computer game was tested on various types of computers with different settings and work efficiency.

Dandanes je veliko povpraševanje po računalniških igrah. Brskalnike lahko uporabljamo kot platformo za igre, kar smo teoretično in praktično preverili v diplomski nalogi. Raziskali smo področje mrežne komunikacije in problematiko igranja več-igralskih iger v tem okolju. Predstavili smo ključne lastnosti realno-časovnih iger in potek njihovega delovanja. Zanimale so nas tudi tiste tehnologije in igralni pogoni, ki omogočajo razvoj tovrstnih iger za brskalnike. Napisali smo načrt za prototip, kjer smo definirali zahteve ter načrtovane načine implementacije. Na podlagi zbranega znanja smo nato uspešno ustvarili prototip delujoče realno-časovne več-igralske igre za brskalnike. Nowadays there is great demand for video games. Browsers can be used as platforms for games, which we have theoretically and practically verified in this thesis. We researched the field of network communication and what are the problematics of muliplayer gameplay in that environment. We looked at the key attributes of real-time games and how they work. We were also interested in the technologies and game engines which allow the development of these kind of games for browsers. We wrote a plan for a prototype in which we defined it’s requirements and the ways of development. Based on our gained knowledge we successfully created a prototype of a real-time multiplayer game for browsers.

V diplomskem delu je predstavljen proces izdelave 3D platformske igre v igralnem pogonu Unity®. Poudarek je na obširnem naboru akcij glavnega igralca, kot so plezanje, spust po cevi in odboj od zidu med skokom. Za izdelavo je uporabljen programski jezik C#. Na začetku so opisane uporabljene splošne funkcionalnosti tega igralnega pogona. Opisan je tudi žanr platformskih iger. V praktičnem delu so predstavljene programske metode, ki so omogočile razvoj takšne igre. Predstavljena je njihova uporabnost ter prednosti in slabosti teh metod. Na koncu je predstavljena končna igra, ki izhaja iz našega dela ter problemi, ki so se pojavili pri razvoju takšne 3D platformske igre. In this diploma thesis a process of a 3D platform game development in the Unity® game engine was presented. The emphasis in the thesis was on a different kinds of movement the character is able to do in the game like climbing, sliding down a pipe and bouncing from a wall while in mid-air. The programming language used for the implementation of the game is C#. Simpler functionalities of the game engine that were used are described in the beginning of the thesis together with the platform game genre. After describing the game engine the programming methods needed for the implementation of the game were presented. At the end the gameplay was shown and the problems we encountered during its development were presented.

Področje globokega učenja je v zadnjem desetletju doživelo precejšen razcvet. Uporablja se za reševanje premnogih problemov, v zadnjih petih letih pa precej tudi za igranje iger. Dva pomembna dosežka sta bila globoke Q-mreže (DQN) in AlphaZero. DQN se je naučila igrati klasične igre za Atari 2600 (Pong, Space Invaders, itd.), AlphaZero pa se je s samo-igranjem naučil igrati šah, šogi in Go. Mi smo na temelju AlphaZero poskusili zgraditi agenta FighterZero, ki bi se prav tako s samo-igranjem naučil igrati pretepaške računalniške igre. Rezultati so bili manj uspešni, kot smo pričakovali, saj se je časovna zahtevnost izkazala za nepremagljivo oviro. Deep learning has been a field of great academic interest and substantial breakthroughs over the last decade. Its applications are many and over the last five years it has spread also to the field of game playing, owing largely to two chief accomplishments of Google's DeepMind team: Deep Q-Networks (DQN), which learned to play classic Atari 2600 games, and AlphaZero, which learned, strictly through self-play, to play the board games chess, shogi and Go. In this thesis we attempted to build on the success of AlphaZero by adapting its self-playing architecture to fighting games, a popular genre of video games. The results were, however, less successful than we had expected and hoped, as the time constraints proved to be an insurmountable obstacle.

Zadnje čase postajajo videoigre del vedno večjega števila različnih orodij in platform. Razvoj videoiger ni enostaven in je časovno zahteven. Zato bomo v diplomskem delu preučili igralni pogon Cocos2d-x, s katerim je razvoj igre po eni strani olajšan, po drugi strani pa obenem omogoča tudi razvoj igre za več platform hkrati. Slednje pomeni zmanjšanje stroškov in skrajšan čas razvoja. Predstavili bomo njegove osnovne funkcije in to znanje uporabili pri razvoju igre za mobilne in PC-platforme. Opisali bomo postavitev razvojnega okolja in njegovo uporabo. Preučili bomo delovanje igralnega pogona in opisali potek razvoja igre. Video games have been recently covering more and more devices and platforms. The development of video games isn't easy and takes up a lot of time. That's why this thesis covers the game engine Cocos2d-x. With the engine's help the development is easier and it allows us to develop for more platforms at once. This cuts our costs and shortens the development time. We will get to know the engine's basic functions and apply this knowledge to develop a game for mobile and PC platforms. We will describe the set up of a development environment and its use. We will examine how the game engine works and describe the development of the game itself.

Prekomerna teža pri otrocih je resen problem, ki lahko vodi do zdravstvenih in psiholoških težav v življenju otroka, ki se z njim srečuje. To diplomsko delo prispeva k rešitvi tega problema z implementacijo igre, ki bi otroke s prekomerno težo motivirala, da izboljšajo svoj življenjski stil. Podrobno je opisan celoten postopek izdelave igre od zastavljanja ciljev in izdelave prototipa do končnih vizualnih popravkov. Končni rezultat je delujoča igra, ki otroku omogoča dnevno igranje in s tem postopno preobrazbo osrednjega lika iz prekomerno težkega v zdravega posameznika. Child obesity is a serious problem and can lead to problems in general health and psyche of a child faced with it. In the scope of this diploma a game was developed which aimed at motivating children to improve their life style. The entire process of developing the game is described in detail, from setting the goals and creating a prototype to the final visual upgrades. The finished result is a game, which allows a child to play it daily and by doing so transform its main character from obese to a healthy individual.

V diplomskem delu smo izdelali 2D video igro z imenom Jump Star za različne platforme. Za izdelavo video igre smo uporabili programsko orodje Cliscktem Fusion Developer 2.5. Na začetku smo si ogledali zgodovino ter lastnosti, ki nam jih programsko orodje ponuja. Pri fazi implementacije smo predstavili celoten razvoj video igre. V zadnjem delu smo testirali video igro na treh različnih platformah in spremljali obremenitev grafičnega pospeševalnika, procesorja in število generiranih sličic na sekundo. Igra je najbolje delovala na Windows platformi v okenskem zagonu aplikacije, pri drugih so se pojavile manjše grafične napake. In this thesis we created a 2D video game named Jump Star, which can run on different platforms. The game was created with software called Clickteam Fusion developer 2.5. In the beginning of the thesis, we covered a brief history of software and some specifications that it offers. In the phase of implementation, we presented the whole development of the game. At the final stage, we tested the game on three different platforms and monitored the performance of graphics processor, main processor and frames per second. Video game worked best on Windows platform in window startup applications on other platforms some minor graphical errors have occurred.

V magistrskem delu proučujemo tehnološke vidike razvoja večigralskih mobilnih iger na primeru projekta Fluffy Rush. Obravnavamo pristope k razvoju komponent, skupnih vsem igram, posebno pozornost namenjamo tistim, ki so specifične za večigralske mobilne igre. Razvoj tako proučujemo z vidika implementacije uporabniškega dela igre, izvedbe mrežne komunikacije, organizacije in shranjevanja podatkov ter zagotavljanja zaščite in varnosti. V delu identificiramo odločitve o izbiri pristopov in tehnologij, s katerimi se razvijalci srečujejo med izdelavo tovrstnih iger, ter izpostavljamo razlike med možnimi izbirami. Podrobneje opisujemo rešitve, implementirane v obravnavani igri Fluffy Rush. In this master´s thesis, we look at the technological aspects involved in development of the multiplayer mobile games in the example of the Fluffy Rush project. We discuss approaches to development of the components common to all games, and specifically focus on the components specific to multiplayer mobile games. The development is therefore explored from the perspective of front-end implementation, network communication implementation, data organization and storage, and security and protection strategies. In the thesis, we identify decisions on the choice of approaches and technologies that developers face during design of this kind of games, and point out differences among the available alternatives. We describe the solutions implemented in the game Fluffy Rush in detail.

Področje grafične tehnologije je bilo vedno omejeno s performančnostjo upodabljanja navideznih svetov. Toda performančnost ni odvisna samo od zmogljivosti strojne opreme, ampak tudi od načina specificiranja objektov, ki niso vidni. Najbolj preprosta rešitev tega problema vključuje ugotavljanje vidnosti za vsak objekt posebej, kar pri obsežnih navideznih svetovih predstavlja veliko časovno zahtevnost. Za premostitev navedenih problemov so bili razviti novi postopki, ki jih imenujemo grafi scene. Najbolj pomembna lastnost te skupine algoritmov je razdeljevanje navideznega prostora v zaključene celote z jasnim obsegom. Na takšen način se vprašanje vidnosti objektov poenostavi na vprašanje vidnosti področij, kar je lahko veliko bolj učinkovito. Cilj diplomskega dela je primerjava učinkovitosti grafov scen v različnih tipih svetov, ki se pojavljajo v modernih igrah. Pokazali smo, da vsak od uporabljenih grafov scen zelo poveča performančnost na vsaki obliki sveta, vendar obstajajo med grafi precejšne razlike. Ugotovili smo, da je najbolj pomemben faktor pri hitrosti grafov scen predvsem položaj in usmerjenost kamere ter struktura sveta. Graphics technology has always been limited with the rendering performance of virtual worlds. Performance is dependent not only on the hardware capabilities, but also on the specification of non-visible objects. The simplest solution requires detecting visibility for each object individually, which can be very time consuming, especially in large virtual worlds. To overcome these problems, new kind of algorithms were developed, which are called scene graphs. The most common trait of this group of algorithms is space subdivision into well defined regions. With this process the question of object visibility is transformed into region visibility, which can be a lot more efficient. The aim of the thesis is to compare various scene graphs in different worlds that occur in modern video games. We showed that each of the scene graphs used increased performance drastically in each world, but there is a lot of differences between them. We also observed that the most important factors influencing scene graph performance are camera position, direction and world composition.

V diplomskem delu smo preučili osnove uporabe prosto dostopnega razvojnega orodja in grafičnega pogona Unity. Pridobljeno znanje smo nato uporabili za načrtovanje in razvoj preproste 3D strateške igre v programu Unity. Delo je vključevalo izdelavo 3D modelov s programom Blender, iskanje in prilagajanje brezplačnih zvočnih datotek za glasbeno ozadje igre ter zvočne učinke. Obenem je šlo za programiranje generatorja sveta ter implementacijo funkcionalnosti sistema ekonomije in bojevanja v igri, pripravo uporabniškega vmesnika igre in neprestano sprotno testiranje vseh podrobnosti. Rezultat dela je samostojna računalniška igra, ki jo je možno igrati na operacijskih sistemih Linux, Windows in MacOS. In this thesis, we studied the basics of using the free development tool and graphics engine Unity. The knowledge we aquired was used for the planning and development of a simple 3D strategy game with the Unity engine. The work included making 3D models with Blender, finding and adjusting free sound files for the music background and sound effects, programming a world generator and implementing the functionality of an economy and fighting system, creating a user interface and continuous testing of all the details. The result is a standalone computer game, that can be played on the Linux, Windows and MacOS operating systems.

Diplomsko delo nazorno predstavlja pot, ki vodi do razvoja mobilne igre za pametne telefone z nameščenim operacijskim sistemom Android. Na kratko so povzeti zgodovina računalniške grafike, razvoj računalniških ter videoiger in nazadnje razvoj mobilnih iger. Nekaj besed je namenjenih tudi 3D-grafiki, njenemu razvoju in osnovnim gradnikom. Podrobneje se dotaknemo igralnega pogona, ki smo ga potrebovali za izdelavo mobilne igre, in principov 3D-modeliranja, s katerimi smo razvili objekte in okolje, v katerem se ti nahajajo. This thesis presents the path which leads to the development of mobile games for smartphones with Android operating system installed. It briefly summarizes the history of computer graphics, development of computer and video games, and finally the development of mobile games. There are also some paragraphs about 3D graphics, its development and basic components. This thesis also consists of some more in depth information about the computer software and the game engine needed for mobile game development, along with some principles about 3D modeling which were used to develop objects and environment.

V diplomskem delu spoznavamo industrijo videoiger in kaj nas motivira da igramo igre. Osnujemo načrt za razvoj igre, ki ga razdelimo na dva konceptuelno različna načina in se po tem principu poskusimo lotiti lastnega projekta. Spoznavamo delovanje orodij Unity3D in Blender ter osnovne tehnike modeliranja, teksturiranja in pisanja skript, katerih končni produkt je igra za Android napravo. In this diploma thesis we get familliar with the videogame industry and what motivates us to play games. We form a plan to develop a game, which we divide into two conceptually different worlds and try to make our own project based on that principle. We get to know how the Unity3D and Blender tools work and also get acquainted with the basic techniques of modelling, texturing and writing of behavioral scripts which all result in a finished game for an Android device.

V diplomski nalogi je predstavljena izdelava igre za operacijski sistem Android s pomočjo sodobnega programskega okolja Construct 2. Prednosti operacijskega sistema Android se pokažejo predvsem zaradi zelo zmogljivih prenosnih naprav, kot so pametni telefoni in tablice. V diplomskem delu izdelana igra Tower Defense, je ena izmed bolj priljubljenih strateških iger, ki zahteva od igralca iznajdljivost in strateške pomike, hkrati pa ponuja tudi vir zabave. Za izdelavo igre v programskem okolju Construct 2 smo se odločili, ker ponuja enostaven in razumljiv princip ustvarjanja igre, ki pripomore k hitri in učinkoviti realizaciji zastavljenih ciljev. I will present the development of a game for Android with modern programming environment Construct 2. The advantages of Android operating system are mostly applicable due to high-performance devices such as smart phones and tablets. The designed game will be Tower Defense which is one of the most popular strategy games that requires players’ ingenuity and strategic movements while offering a source of entertainment at the same time. I decided to develop it in Construct 2 because it provides easy to understand principle of creating games that helps in the creativity of our ideas.

Diplomsko delo predstavlja ključne značilnosti in omejitve platforme iOS ter navaja različne poslovne modele za trženje mobilnih aplikacij. Predstavljene so ključne tehnologije za delo z zvokom in grafičnim vmesnikom, pri čemer je podrobneje predstavljen odprtokodni pogon za igre, cocos2d za iPhone. Navedene so najboljše prakse in načini za optimizacijo pri razvoju iger za platformo iOS. Zadnji del diplomskega dela obsega implementacijo praktične rešitve, igre Traffic Master. Igra je implementirana v skladu s stopnjami, katerim moramo slediti pri razvoju iger in izkorišča tehnologije predstavljene v diplomskem delu. In this diploma thesis our aim is to present key features and limitations of the iOS platform and different available business models for mobile applications. A variety of key technologies used for developing audio and graphics interface are described, including a more detailed presentation of an open source game engine cocos2d for iPhone. Furthermore, the best practices and possible optimizations for iOS games development have also been discussed. The last part of the diploma thesis describes the development of a game called Traffic Master. The game takes advantage of the technologies presented in the thesis and is developed in accordance with the game design and development stages.