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Velik problem na govedorejskih kmetijah, ki se ukvarjajo s tržno prirejo mleka, predstavlja mikroklima hleva za krave molznice. Za zagotavljanje dobrega počutja in zdravja živali so izjemno pomembni optimalna temperatura, vlaga, kakovost in pretok zraka. V okviru Era-Net FreeWalk projekta smo spremljali parametre mikroklime na štirih govedorejskih kmetijah v Sloveniji. Analizirali smo podatke o temperaturi, vlagi, izračunali temperaturno-vlažnostni indeks (TVI) in proizvodne rezultate dveh kmetij, ki se ukvarjata s tržno prirejo mleka. Namen naloge je bil analiza parametrov mikroklime v dveh različnih sistemih namestitve živali: kompostni hlev v primerjavi s hlevom na prosto rejo z ležalnimi boksi. Naredili smo tudi analizo parametrov mikroklime zunaj in znotraj hleva. Pri kravah molznicah in dojiljah smo izvedli meritve v kompostnem hlevu in hlevu z ležalnimi boksi. Mesečno povprečje temperature v hlevu od avgusta 2018 do septembra 2020 se je gibalo med 0 in 25 °C. V istem obdobju je bila povprečna mesečna vlažnost v hlevih med 68 in 97 %. Na podlagi temperature in vlažnosti je bil izračunan povprečni TVI, ki se je gibal med 33 in 73. V kompostnem hlevu za krave molznice je bil TVI podoben kot zunaj hleva. Ugotovili smo, da na mikroklimo hleva vpliva več dejavnikov, ki so ključnega pomena pri načrtovanju izgradnje hleva in kasnejšem upravljanju reje. Eni izmed njih so gostota živali na m2, površina odprtih sten in zračenje. Opazili smo tudi razlike v parametrih mikroklime na posameznih področjih znotraj istega hleva. The biggest problem on dairy farms is the microclimate in the barns. Optimal temperature, humidity, air quality and air flow are extremely important for the well-being and health of the animals. As part of the project Era-Net FreeWalk, we monitored the microclimate parameters of four cattle farms in Slovenia. We analysed temperature and humidity data and calculated the temperature-humidity index (THI). We also obtained production results from two dairy farms. The aim of the study was to analyse the microclimate parameters in two different housing systems: a free stall barn with compost bedding (CBP) compared to a barn with cubicles. We also analyse microclimatic parameters outside and inside the barn. For dairy and suckler cows, the measurements were performed both in the compost bedded pack barn and in the free stall barn with cubicles. From August 2018 to September 2020, the monthly average temperature inside the barn ranged between 0 and 25 °C. During the same period, the average monthly humidity in the same barn ranged from 68 to 97 %. The average THI varied between 33 and 73. In the barn with compost bedding for dairy cows, the THI was similar to that outside the barn. We found that several factors influence the microclimate of the barn and are critical for barn design and subsequent herd management. Some of these factors are the density of animals per m2, the area of open walls and ventilation. We have also found that there are differences in microclimatic parameters in different areas within the same barn.

Dandanes se vedno bolj ukvarjamo z onesnaženostjo zraka v notranjih prostorih. Ker se problematike bolj zavedamo, smo izdelali vgrajeni sistem, ki meri okoljske parametre v notranjih prostorih. Izmerjene parametre sistem beleži in pošilja na oblačno storitev preko brezžične povezave. Naprava omogoča vizualno indikacijo kakovosti zraka z uporabo svetlobnih indikatorjev. Parametri, ki jih sistem meri, so temperatura, vlažnost, koncentracija trdih delcev, nasičenost ogljikovega dioksida in skupnih hlapnih organskih plinov. V diplomskem delu je opisano, kako smo sistem zasnovali in izvedli. Na koncu so opravljene meritve okoljskih parametrov na dveh različnih lokacijah. Nowadays, we tend to give a lot of thought to indoor air pollution. Since we are increasingly aware of the problem, we have constructed an embedded system which measures indoor environmental parameters. The system records the measured parameters and sends them to a cloud service over the wireless network connection. It enables a visual indication of air quality with the use of light indicators. The device measures the following parameters: temperature, humidity, particulate matter, carbon dioxide and total volatile organic compounds saturation. The thesis shows how we have designed and completed the system. At the end of the paper, the measurements of environmental parameters that were performed in two locations are shown.

Voda je vir življenja in nosilec vseh bioloških procesov, ki se odvijajo na našem planetu. Nekatera škodljiva sredstva povzročajo prekomerno razraščanje alg, ki onemogočajo svetlobi, da prodre v vodo. Barvila v vodi (predvsem temna) onemogočajo prodor svetlobe v vodo, kar povzroči, da koristne bakterije ne morejo opravljati svojega dela – čiščenja odpadne vode. Skoraj vsa sintetična barvila se razgrajujejo zelo počasi, kar je ekološko nezdravo in okoljsko nevarno. V diplomskem delu smo z adsorpcijo na zeolit ter granulirano oglje prikazali razbarvanje vod. Obarvanost se lahko pojavi na odpadnih vodah, ki pridejo v čistilno napravo Rajnkovec, Rogaška Slatina. Z adsorpcijo smo želeli zmanjšati vrednosti parametrov, ki so lahko občasno tudi preseženi. Najučinkovitejše razbarvanje smo dosegli po adsorpciji na granulirano aktivno oglje. V diplomsko nalogo pa smo vključili tudi shematski prikaz alarmnega sistema. Če pride do vdora padavinskih voda, lahko z njim to preprečimo oziroma hitreje odpravimo. Water is the source of life and the carrier of all biological processes that take place on our planet. Some harmful agents cause excessive overgrowth of algaes, that are preventing light to penetrate the water. The dyes in water (especially dark ones) are preventing penetration of light to the water and consequently, benefitial bacterias can not do their work – clean waste water. In this diploma thesis we have displayed the discoloration of water by adsorbtion on zeolite and granulated chorcoal. Coloration can appear on the waste wathers, that come to waste water treatment plant Rajnkovec, Rogaška Slatina. With adsorption we wanted to decrease the values of parameters that could sometimes be exceeded. We have reached the most efficient discoloration after adsorption on granulated active charcoal. In this diploma thesis we have also included shematic display of alarm system. If rainwater intrusion occurs, we can use the system to prevent or eliminate it more quickly.

V bolnišnicah je higiena ključnega pomena, zato se v njihovih pralnicah dnevno opere več ton umazanega perila. Zaradi večjih količin dodanih pralnih sredstev, prisotnih organskih in anorganskih snovi ter drugih nečistoč, je treba odpadno vodo pred odvajanjem v vodotoke ali kanalizacijo, ustrezno očistiti. V diplomskem delu smo z adsorpcijo na zeolita ZAG–CWK in ZAG–4A–2–3 ter granulirano aktivno oglje, čistili odpadno vodo iz pralnice Splošne bolnišnice Celje. Z metodo adsorpcije smo želeli z adsorbenti zmanjšati vrednosti občasno preseženih parametrov (pH, električna prevodnost, motnost, KPK, vsebnost tenzidov). Vpliv vzorcev odpadnih vod pred in po adsorpciji smo raziskali tudi s pomočjo čebulnega testa. Najučinkovitejše očiščenje odpadne vode in posledično znižanje vrednosti parametrov smo dosegli po adsorpciji na granulirano aktivno oglje. In hospitals, hygiene is of key importance, therefore their laundry services launder several tons of dirty linen every day. Due to large amounts of added laundry detergents, presence of organic and inorganic substances and other impurities, the waste water must be properly treated before it is discharged into watercourses or sewage systems. In the diploma thesis, we treated waste water from the General Hospital Celje laundry service with adsorption on zeolites ZAG–CWK and ZAG–4A–2–3 and granular activated charcoal. By using adsorbents, we wanted to reduce values of occasionally exceeded parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, COD, tensides content) with the adsorption method. Waste water samples before and after adsorption were also examined with an onion test. Most efficient waste water treatment and, consequently, the reduction of parameters was achieved with adsorption on granular activated charcoal.