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V diplomski nalogi, sem govorila o elektronskem poslovanju ter kaj pomeni za podjetje uvedba takšnega poslovanja. Kaj mora podjetje postoriti, da lahko uvede e-poslovanje, ter kakšne pozitivne oziroma negativne učinke mu to lahko prinese. Lahko rečemo, da danes podjetje skorajda ne more obstajati, če vsaj na nekaterih področjih ne uvede elektronskega poslovanja. Razlogi, zaradi katerih se podjetja odločajo za takšno obliko poslovanja ter cilji, ki jih želijo pri tem doseči, pa so različni. Tako za podjetje kot za posameznike je zelo pomembno vprašanje varnosti e-poslovanja. V Sloveniji se je področje e-poslovanja pravno uredilo s sprejemom Zakona o elektronskem poslovanju in elektronskem podpisu (ZEPEP). Najbolj so posamezniki občutljivi na varnost pri elektronskem bančništvu, obenem pa se takšnega načina poslovanja z banko vedno pogosteje poslužujejo zaradi nižjih stroškov ter udobnosti. Banka Koper pri e-poslovanju ne zaostaja za svetovnimi bankami. The subject of the thesis is electronic business and the significance of its introduction, the company’s obligations concerning the introduction of e-business and its positive and negative effects. One could say that nowadays the enterprise does almost not exist, if it does not offer electronic business at least in certain areas. The motives of the company’s decision to launch this type of business and the goals, which they try to achieve, are however very different. The question of e-business security is important for the companies, as well as for individuals. In Slovenia the area of e-business was regulated by the adoption of the Electronic Commerce and Electronic Signature Act (ZEPEP). Individuals are mostly concerned about the security with electronic banking, but at the same time they make use of this kind of business more frequently every day, because it brings lower costs and more comfort. When referring to e-business, the Banka Koper d.d. bank does not lag behind the world banks.

Banke in vse ostale finančne institucije želijo čim bolje odgovoriti na povpraševanje, ki se pojavlja na finančnem trgu, obenem pa se želijo tudi razlikovati od konkurence, zato se temu v sled poslužujejo različnih tehnologij, s katerimi bi komitentom ponudile poleg klasičnega elektronskega bančništva še kaj več. Trudijo se, da bi nudile čim več udobja, kar se le da hitre postopke in čim večjo razpoložljivost. A nove tehnologije poleg številnih prednosti prinašajo žal tudi slabosti in tveganja, vendar v primeru elektronskega bančništva prednosti nedvomno prevladujejo in so ključni kriterij odločitev bank za ponujanje tovrstnih storitev. Dandanes praktično ni več banke, ki ne bi ponujala internetne različice bančnih storitev, saj le-ta ne predstavlja več samo konkurenčne prednosti, temveč nujo za zadovoljitev potreb svojim komitentom. Pri uvajanju in kasneje tudi uporabi elektronskega bančništva pa je zagotovo najpomembnejši dejavnik zagotovitev varnosti pri uporabi le-tega. Zagotavljanje varnosti je naloga tako banke kot uporabnika, s tem da je banka dolžna postaviti varne sisteme poslovanja, ki komitentom omogočajo varno in enostavno upravljanje bančnih storitev, dolžnost komitentov pa je zagotoviti skrbno in odgovorno ravnanje. Za komitente banke je vsekakor tak način poslovanja zelo udoben, saj lahko poslujejo z banko, ne glede na njen delovni čas, z visoko zasebnostjo pri opravljanju bančnih poslov in konec koncev z nižjimi stroški poslovanja. Z uvedbo elektronskega bančništva so se razbremenili tako bančni uslužbenci kot njeni uporabniki. Komitentom v današnjem času obisk banke ne pomeni istega opravila kot nekoč. Prav tako se lahko tudi svetovanje izvaja preko elektronske banke s pomočjo elektronske pošte, tako da se fizično v bančnih poslovalnicah opravlja le še dokončne korake finančnih načrtov, kot so podpisi pogodb, gotovinsko poslovanje ipd. Banks and other financial institutions are taking over various technologies to its customers to offer electronic banking in order to satisfy the needs of the market and distinguish from competition. New technologies in addition to the advantages of bringing together many of the disadvantages and risks, but in the case of electronic banking advantages clearly dominate and are key decision criteria for banks offering such services. Today, there are almost no more banks, which do not offer an Internet version of banking services since this represents only a competitive advantage but also the need to meet the needs of customers. In the introduction, and later the use of electronic banking, we must not ignore its security. Assuring the safety is not only a bank's duty. While the bank is obliged to set up a safe system of electronic banking, its customers are responsible for safe and easy handling with e-banking services. Using e-banking is a very comfortable and cheap way of doing business with banks. Electronic banking thus relieves the bank staff at ticket counters as well as users. In today's time to visit the bank does not mean the same deal as in the past. Daily and monthly routines can be performed at home, we take much less time. Counseling is conducted through e-mail, so the only things that are performed in the phisical bank branches are truly a significant and final steps of our financial plans, such as signing a contract, cash payments etc.

Že od vsega začetka se večina stvari vrti okoli denarja. Vendar denar »izgublja« svojo vrednost, kajti vedno manj imamo papirnatega denarja in kovancev v denarnici. Razvoj nas je pripeljal do tega, da smo začeli uporabljati čeke, nato pa se je začela vse večja uporaba kartic (plačilnih, kreditnih,…). Danes pa se srečujemo z različnimi plačilnimi instrumenti za plačevanje kot so elektronski denar, elektronski ček, digitalna denarnica. Pri nakupih v spletni trgovini, smo imeli najprej samo možnost poslovanja z gotovinskimi plačili ob prevzemu blaga, plačilo po predračunu, ampak ker so se tudi spletne trgovine razvijale in spreminjale lahko sedaj naš željen izdelek plačamo takoj preko različnih plačilnih sistemov kar preko spleta. Da je takšno poslovanje čim varnejše, načeloma spletne trgovine uporabljajo programe, ki omogočajo varno izvajanje transakcij, med katere spadajo PayPal, Eon, ... Da nakupovanje preko spleta tako narašča, vpliva predvsem njegova 24 urna dostopnost, ni čakanja v vrsti, nakupe pa lahko opravimo kar doma iz naslonjača. Since the beginning, most things revolve around money. But money has "lost" his value, because we have less and less banknotes and coins in our wallets. The development brought us to the fact that we started using checks and increasingly using different kinds of cards (debit, credit, ...). Today, we face different payment instruments for payment as electronic money, electronic checks, digital wallets… When we shopped at online shops, first we only had one option for cash payment on acceptance, but because the online stores also developed we can now pay the desired product through various means of payment as soon as we order it on the internet. That such operation is as safe as possible, different online store programs are used in order to facilitate the safe execution of operations, such as PayPal, Eon… Online shopping will continue to grow primarily from impact that it is available 24 hours a day, there is no waiting in lines and the purchase can be done from the comfort of our home chair.

Razvoj e-poslovanja sovpada z razvojem računalniških omrežij, interneta in združevanja informacijske tehnologije. Področje na katerega je e-poslovanje imelo še posebej velik vpliv je področje bančništva. Banke so že od nekdaj polne transakcij, ki zahtevajo veliko mero natančnosti, le-to pa je moč doseči z ustrezno tehnologijo. Tako so le-te že zelo zgodaj v svoje poslovanje uvedle računalnike. Na podlagi uvedbe tovrstne tehnologije v bančništvo se je postopoma razvilo e-bančništvo. Pojem e-bančništva razumemo kot raznovrstno komuniciranje med banko in komitentom ter denarne in finančne transakcije, vse to pa deluje s pomočjo elektronskih medijev. E-bančništvo se je razvilo v pet osnovnih oblik in sicer kot bančni avtomati, plačilne kartice, spletno bančništvo, telefonsko bančništvo in mobilno bančništvo. Njihova uporaba prinaša tako bankam kot tudi komitentom določene prednosti pri poslovanju. E-bančništvo se je v zadnjem desetletju izkazalo kot eno najbolj dobičkonosnih spletnih storitev. Dva glavna dejavnika, ki vplivata na obširnost njegove uporabe sta varnost in zasebnost. Banke se dobro zavedajo, da morajo v primeru, ko imajo opravka s finančnimi podatki, komitentom nuditi visoko stopnjo varnosti in zasebnosti poslovanja. Prav zato uporabljajo najsodobnejše varnostne tehnologije ter si na podlagi visoke stopnje varnosti tovrstnega poslovanja pridobivajo nove komitente. Ena izmed bank v Sloveniji, ki ponuja možnost e-bančništva je Nova KBM d. d.. Med njeno ponudbo e-bančnih storitev najdemo bančne avtomate, spletno bančništvo Bank@Net, mobilno bančništvo mBank@Net in telefonsko bančništvo TeleBanka ter informiranje preko SMS sporočil. Posebno vejo njene ponudbe predstavljajo storitve, ki so namenjene samostojnim podjetnikom. Samostojni podjetniki pri Novi KBM d. d., sodeč po rezultatih zastavljene ankete, v večji meri uporabljajo bančne avtomate, plačilne kartice in spletno bančništvo. Glede varnosti, večina popolnoma zaupa banki, njihovo zadovoljstvo s storitvami banke pa ravno ni enotno. E-commerce development coincides with the developments of computer networks, Internet and association of information technology. Area in which the e-commerce has a particularly significant impact is the area of banking. Banks have always been full of transactions that require a high degree of accuracy. That can only be achieved with the appropriate technology. Based upon the introduction of this technology, banking has been gradually developed in e-banking. The concept of e-banking are seen as multiple communication between the bank and its customers also monetary and financial transactions, all of which operate through electronic media. E-banking has developed into the five basic forms, namely as automated teller machines, debit cards, online banking, telephone banking and mobile banking. Their use brings both banks and its customers certain advantages in business. E-banking has emerged over the last decade as one of the most profitable online services. Two main factors that affect on the comprehensiveness of its use are security and privacy. Banks are well aware that in the case when dealing with financial information, they have to offer a customer a high level of security and privacy of business. Therefore the use of the latest security technologies is necessary. Working on such high level of security brings new customers. One of the banks in Slovenia, which offers the possibility of e -banking is Nova KBM d. d.. Among its offer of e-banking we can found ATMs, online banking Bank@Net, mobile banking mBank@Net, telephone banking TeleBanka and information through SMS messages. Special branch of its supply represent services that are aimed at small entrepreneurs. Small entrepreneurs at Nova KBM d. d., judging by the results of the ranging survey, mostly use ATMs, debit cards and inline banking. On security towards the bank, most of them completely trust it. On the subject of their satisfaction with the banks services not all of them are fully satisfied.

V diplomskem delu smo proučili zgodovinski razvoj elektronskega plačevanja po posameznih fazah razvoja, opredelili smo instrumente elektronskega plačevanja kot so plačilne kartice, elektronski denar ter elektronski ček. Spoznali smo vrste zaščit in varnost podatkov pri elektronskih plačilnih instrumentih ter varne protokole in sisteme na internetu med katere sodijo protokol IPSec, protokol SSL in požarni zid. Proučili smo tudi kako je poskrbljeno za varnost poslovanja s posameznimi plačilnimi instrumenti in ugotovili da ljudje najpogosteje za poslovanje uporabljajo plačilne kartice, medtem ko je za poslovanje najvarnejši elektronski ček. Podrobneje smo spoznali zlorabe na področju plačevanja s plačilnimi karticami med katere sodita metodi skimming s pridobivanjem CSC-številke in skimming s pridobivanjem PIN kode ter kako preprečiti goljufije na tem področju. In the diploma work we have studied the historical development of electronic payment at various stages of development we define the electronic payment instruments such as debit cards, electronic money and electronic check. We know the type of protection and data security in electronic payment instruments and secure protocols and systems on the internet, which include protocol IPSec, protocol SSL and firewall. We also examined how the provision for the security business with the individual payment instruments and found that people most often used for the debit card while operating the safest electronic check. Specifically, we learned of abuse in the field of payment to payment cards, which include the method of skimming from the acquisition of CSC-skimming numbers and PIN codes to the acquisition and how to prevent fraud in this area.

Elektronsko bančništvo je ena izmed najpogosteje uporabljenih oblik komuniciranja z banko, saj se na ta način lahko izognemo vrstam, ki nastajajo v bankah, ob tem pa lahko bančno storitev opravimo tudi sredi noči, saj nam je elektronski dostop omogočen 24 ur na dan ter vse dni v letu. Komitentom je tako poleg udobja prihranjeno ogromno časa, banke pa na ta način razbremenijo uslužbence na bančnih okencih, ki se lahko temeljiteje posvetijo posameznim strankam in učinkovitejšemu trženju bančnih produktov. V Sloveniji je na področju elektronskega poslovanja dobro razvito poslovanje za opravljanje negotovinskih plačil s plačilnimi in kreditnimi karticami, poslovanje preko elektronske banke za opravljanje celotnega plačilnega prometa, poslovanje z bankomati za 24 urno postrežbo z gotovino in v zadnjem času še poslovanje za opravljanje malih negotovinskih plačil z mobilnim telefonom. Stranke so se razvadile in imajo vedno večje potrebe, želje in pričakovanja glede bančnih storitev. Stranke so tudi vedno bolj izobražene, zato zahtevajo kakovostne, hitre in varne storitve. Da bi finančne institucije zadovoljile potrebam trga in se razlikovale od konkurence, se posvečajo razvoju različnih tehnologij s katerimi bi komitentom ponudile storitve elektronskega bančništva. Electronic banking is one of the most common ways to communicate with bank. It alows us to avoid crowds, which are very often in banks. We also can perform banking services in the middle on the night, becuase we can use the electronic entrance 24 hours a day and 365 days a year. This way a consumer saves a lot of time and banks unburden their employees that can better devote themselves to an individual customer. In the field of electronic business in Slovenia there is a well developed system of bankintg operations in terms of cashless payments with debit and credit cards, operations through electronic banking, operations with bancomat with its 24-hour cash-service and lately operations that assure cashless payments with mobile phone. Customs have become accustomed to the modern way of doing business and they have increasing needs, wishes and expactations about certain banking services. Customers are also becoming more educated, and therefore require high-quality, fast and secure services. To meet the needs of particular market segments and to differentiate themselves from their competitors, financial institutions have acces to a variety of technologies that can be used to offer electronic banking services to their customers.

V diplomskem delu sem predstavila elektronsko bančništvo, ki je postalo izredno pomembna bančna storitev. Elektronske bančne storitve so dostopne 24 ur na dan, vse dni v letu, kar je zelo pomembno za podjetja, ki potrebujejo nemoten finančni tok in nenehen pregled nad finančnimi sredstvi. V prvem delu sem predstavila elektronsko poslovanje, njegov pomen ter različne oblike elektronskega poslovanja. Elektronsko poslovanje je v sodobnem poslovnem svetu postalo nepogrešljivo. Organizacije ga uporabljajo zato, da si znižajo stroške poslovanja in prihranijo čas. V drugem delu sem opredelila elektronsko bančništvo, njegove prednosti in slabosti. Predstavila sem tudi storitve elektronskega bančništva kot so bančni avtomati, plačilne kartice, telefonsko in mobilno bančništvo ter internetno bančništvo. Banke storitve elektronskega bančništva prilagajajo uporabnikovim zahtevam in potrebam ter jih sproti dopolnjujejo. Tretji del sem namenila varnosti elektronskega bančništva in predstavila varnostne mehanizme. Banke zelo dobro skrbijo za varnost elektronskega bančništva in sicer varovanje poteka na več ravneh. Varovani so podatki, ki se pretakajo med vašim računalnikom in bančnim strežnikom, tako da jim nihče ne more prisluškovati (za to poskrbi protokol https), varovan pa je tudi dostop. V elektronsko banko se lahko prijavite le, če poznate pravo kombinacijo tajnih podatkov. Za varnost pa moramo poskrbeti tudi sami in sicer s previdnostjo ter upoštevanjem pravil in nasvetov, ki smo jih dobili na banki. V četrtem delu sem predstavila storitve elektronskega bančništva, ki jih ponujajo tri največje slovenske banke podjetjem. Na koncu sem naredila primerjavo in ugotovila, da se ponudba vseh treh primerjanih bank bistveno ne razlikuje, kajti ko ena banka uvede novo storitev ji kar hitro sledijo ostale. In my dissertation I have presented electonic banking, which has become extremely important banking service. Electronic banking services are accessible 24 hours per day, all year, which is also very important for businesses that need smooth cash flow and constant overview of financial resources. In first part I have presented electonic commerce, its meaning and various forms of e-commerce. Electronic commerce has become necessary in modern business world. Organizations use it to reduce operating costs and save time. In second part I have defined electronic banking, its advantages and disadvantages. I have presented also services of electronic banking like: ATM (Automatic Teller Machine), payment cards, phone and mobile banking and internet banking. Banks adapt services of electonic banking to their users requirements and needs and they update services daily. The third part is designed for security of electronic banking and presentation of security mechanisms. Banks take care of their security of electronic banking very good, security takes place at several levels. The data that flows between your computer and bank server is protected, so that no one can listen (https protocol), access is protected as well. You can sign in to electronic bank only if you know the right combination of classified information. We have to take care of security by ourselves, which means being cautious and consider policy and advice, which were given to us in a bank. In forth part I have presented electronic banking services, offered by the three largest banks to Slovenian companies. In the end I did a comparison and found out that the offer of all three compared banks did not differ significantly, because when one bank introduces new services, others quickly follow.