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Izdelal sem tekstkovno raˇcunalniˇsko igro imenovano Simulator ekonomike prevoznika do letaliˇsˇc, v kateri je prikazano izvajanje prevozov ljudi do in z letaliˇsˇc ter drugimi situacijami, ki ˇcimbolj verno posnemajo realno ˇzivljenju. Prepriˇcan sem, da bo moja igra zanimiva za tiste, ki se kot jaz zanimajo za matematiko, nakljuˇcna ˇstevila, vodenje ekonomike, vozila in izvajanje prevo- zov. Igro, ki sem jo izdelal, pa lahko uporabljajo tudi direktorji in direktorice razliˇcnih prevoznih podjetij, ki ˇzelijo mlade izuriti za delo v njihovih podje- tjih. Moja igra med drugim zajema tudi situacije z negativnimi izidi. I created a text-based computer game called Airport Transfer Economy Si- mulator, in which the transportation of people to and from airports and other situations that imitate real life as faithfully as possible are shown. I am sure that my game will be interesting for those who, like me, are intere- sted in mathematics, random numbers, economic management, vehicles and transportation. The game I created can also be used by directors of vari- ous transport companies who want to train young people to work in their companies. Among other things, my game covers situations with negative outcomes.

Izdelava optimizirane igre je zahteven proces. Za dobro optimizirano igro ni potrebno znati igro le programirati, temveč tudi ta program napisati v čim manj vrsticah in uporabiti malo poligonov, ter med tem vseeno omogočiti želene funkcionalnosti in doseči željen videz. Zelo pomembna je uporaba tudi drugih načinov optimizacije. V izdelavi optimizirane igre je najpomembnejši del testiranje na čim več različnih razredih ciljnih naprav. Celotno diplomsko delo opiše postopek izdelave posameznih elementov igre ter postopkov, ki sem jih uporabil za optimizacijo pri njeni izgradnji. Creation of an optimized game is a difficult process. To make a decently optimized game, you do not only need to know how to program it, but also how to write this code in as little lines as possible and use as little poligons in meshes as possible, while keeping the game functionalities and visual appeal. Use of other optimisation techniques is also important. This paper contains the development of individual pieces of the game and the procedures that were used to make the game as optimised as posible.

Naloga predstavi potek izdelave igre od začetka do konca v pogonu Unity. Vsi pri izdelavi uporabljeni pripomočki so na voljo brezplačno. Naloga najprej na splošno predstavi pogon Unity, kako se ga uporablja in njegov trenuten položaj na trgu. Predstavi njegov UV in osnovne funkcionalnosti. V naslednjem poglavju se prične opis izdelave igre. Najprej je predstavljena izdelava glavnega menija. Sledi izdelava glavnega dela igre, kar vključuje izdelavo objektov, premikanja igralca, nasprotnikov, UI, detekcije kolizij, animacij in UV. Kasneje je predstavljena tudi izdelava zvočnih efektov in shranjevanja. Na koncu je še razloženo, kako se končno delo izvozi, predstavljeno pa je tudi mnenje prostovoljcev, ki so igro preizkusili. This diploma presents the process of game development from start to finish in the Unity engine. All assets used during development are available to anyone for free. The diploma first describes the Unity engine itself and where it currently stands on the market. Then it presents its UI and basic functionalities. The next chapter details the making of the game. First, it presents the creation of the main menu. This is followed by the creation of the core gameplay, which includes objects, movement of the player, opponents, AI, collision detection, animations and UI. Later on the creation of sound effects and saving of progress are also explained. Finally, it shows how the final work is exported and presents the opinions of volunteers, who have tested the game.

V magistrskem delu predstavimo sistem za ohranjanje uporabnikovega sodelovanja pri igranju računalniških iger, ki deluje na podlagi merjenja psihofizičnih značilk, kot so povprečni srčni utrip, galvanski odziv kože in električna aktivnost v možganih. Pokazati želimo, da je ročno prilagajanje karakteristik računalniških iger možno prepustiti avtomatiziranemu sistemu za ohranjanje uporabnikove vključenosti. Implementacijo takšnega sistema smo razdelili na dva funkcijska sklopa. Prvi sklop predstavlja model vključenosti igralca, ki na podlagi karakteristik igranja in izmerjenih psihofizičnih značilk, ocenjuje uporabnikovo trenutno vključenost. Model uporabnikove vključenosti smo zgradili z uporabo metod nadzorovanega strojnega učenja. Drugi sklop sistema predstavlja algoritem, ki ob zaznanem padcu vključenosti igralca spreminja karakteristike igre z namenom ohranjati uporabnikovo vključenost. Za učenje optimalne strategije spreminjanja karakteristik igre smo uporabili spodbujevano učenje. In our master thesis, we present a system for maintaining a user's engagement in computer games based on measured psychophysical indicators such as average heartbeat, galvanic skin response and electric activity in the brain. We wish to prove that hand adjustment of video game parameters can instead be performed by an automated system for maintaining player engagement. We split the implementation of such a system into two separate sections. The first section consists of a user-engagement model that predicts the current user engagement based on the player's gameplay characteristics and measured psychophysical indicators. We have built the engagement model using supervised machine learning techniques. The second section of the system is represented by an algorithm that, when a drop in user engagement is detected, adjusts game parameters in order to maintain user engagement. The optimal strategy for changing game parameters was learned through the use of reinforcement learning.

Cilj diplomske naloge je spoznati igralni pogon Godot ter v njem z orodji, ki jih ponuja pogon, razviti računalniško igro. Naloga najprej predstavi začetke izbranega žanra igre in njegove značilnosti. Nato sledi predstavitev igralnih pogonov, njihove zgodovine, sestave in namena. V tretjem delu prikaže igralni pogon Godot, delovanje podsistemov pogona, organizacijo projekta in programiranje v njem. Glavni del diplome opisuje razvoj računalniške igre. Ta prikaže sestavo končne igre, ki sem jo razvil med pisanjem. Predstavljeni so sestavni deli igre in njihova implementacija. Na koncu naloga opiše še izvoz igre za platformi Windows in Android. The purpose of this diploma is learning to use the Godot game engine and developing a computer game, using its tools. The first part explains the chosen game genre, when it first appeared and its characteristics. Afterwards we look at game engines in general, how they developed through time, the systems that comprise them and their purpose. In the next part we look at the Godot game engine, how some of its core systems work, how it organizes projects and how we can program in it. The main part shows the process of creating our own game. Its structure, what components were used and how they work. Finally, we look at the steps to export our game to the Windows and Android platform.

V diplomskem delu opisujemo razvoj sistema kamer za igro, ki je trenutno v razvoju. Delo obsega modularen sistem, ki mu lahko prosto dodajamo in odstranjujemo stanja ter 2 obliki kamere, primerni za igro tretjeosebne perspektive. Pri tem se spoznamo s pogonom Unity in različnimi oblikami kamer. Po pregledu prednosti in slabosti različnih oblik kamer definiramo potrebne oblike kamer za našo igro. Nato primerjamo igre s tretjeosebno kamero in po odločenem pristopu razvijemo prenosljiv sistem kamer. Za sistem razvijemo zahtevane oblike kamer in jih razširimo z obnašanjem ob ovirah in ob vnosih. Na koncu si še pogledamo možne nadgradnje kamere in preučimo njihove prednosti ter slabosti. The thesis describes the development of a camera system for a game currently in development. The system is modular as camera states can be freely added or removed. We also developed 2 required camera states for a third person game. We aquainted ourselves with the Unity engine and dierent camera styles. After an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of dierent styles, we dened the needs for our game. Then we compared dierent games that implement our chosen style. The next step was to develop the camera system and the base of our chosen camera style. Following that we added collision avoidance and player input based behaviour to them. In the end we analysed possible upgrades for the camera system and discussed their advantages and disadvantages.

V diplomskem delu je predstavljen proces izdelave igre za Microsoft HoloLens v igralnem pogonu Unity. Igra predstavlja proces kuhanja kave in s tem predstavi različne funkcionalnosti, ki jih ponuja HoloLens. Za razvoj je uporabljen programski jezik C#. Diplomsko delo opisuje HoloLens, njegovo zgodovino ter funkcionalnost. Predstavljen je tudi igralni pogon Unity, kaj ponuja in katere funkcionalnosti so bile uporabljene. V praktičnem delu so predstavljene glavne značilnosti, ki jih ponuja HoloLens, kako so bile uporabljene v igri ter težave, s katerimi smo se soočili. Na koncu je predstavljena končna igra. In this diploma thesis a process of a game development in Unity game engine for Microsoft HoloLens is presented. The game represents a process of making coffee, thus presenting the various functionalities offered by HoloLens. The programming language used for the development is C#. The thesis describes HoloLens, its history and functionality. It also describes Unity game engine, what it offers and what features were used. The practical part of the thesis outlines the main features of HoloLens, how they were used in the game and the problems we faced. At the end, the gameplay of a finished game is shown.

V diplomski nalogi smo predstavili tri najbolj razširjene igralne pogone Unity, Unreal Engine in Godot Engine. Cilj naloge je bil izpostaviti njihove medsebojne razlike, ki smo jih odkrili z razvijanjem preproste igre pikada. Pri tem smo si pomagali tudi z orodjem Blender. Ugotavljali smo tudi, kateri izmed igralnih pogonov izstopa na področju grafike, logike in razširjenosti. Postopek izdelave igre smo pri vseh treh pogonih tudi podrobneje opisali, kakor smo tudi opisali njihove prednosti in slabosti. In this thesis we represented three most popular game engines, Unity, Unreal Engine and Godot Engine. The goal of assignment was to highlight their differences that we discovered by developing a simple game of darts. Throughout the development we also used Blender. We exposed which game engine stands out in terms of graphics, logic and it’s community. The developing part of all three engines was described in details, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.

Cilj diplomske naloge je ugotoviti, ali je mogoče med igranjem igre sproti zaznavati miselni napor igralca, kar bi nam omogočilo dinamično prilagajanje težavnosti igre glede na potrebe posameznega igralca. Za določanje miselnega napora smo poskusili uporabiti fiziološke signale, ki jih lahko merijo pametne naprave. Ta ideja je danes še posebej aktualna, saj so naprave, ki omogočajo merjenje tovrstnih signalov, vse bolj pogoste. Da bi odkrili, ali je takšno zaznavanje napora mogoče, smo zasnovali eksperiment, s katerim smo preverili, ali obstaja povezava med izmerjenimi biološkimi signali ter težavnostjo igrane igre. Za potrebe izvedbe eksperimenta smo izdelali Android aplikacijo, ki uporabniku omogoča igranje igre Kača, hkrati pa s pomočjo pametne zapestnice meri fiziološke podatke. Te podatke smo kasneje obdelali s pomočjo tehnik strojnega učenja in izdelali več modelov za napovedovanje težavnosti igrane igre na podlagi izmerjenih signalov. Rezultate eksperimenta smo preverili z nekaj dodatnimi poskusi, s katerimi smo potrdili, da obstaja povezava med izmerjenimi fiziološkimi signali in težavnostjo igre. The goal of this thesis is to determine whether it is possible to track a gamer's mental demand in real time. If possible, this would enable us to dynamically adjust the game's difficulty according to each player's unique needs. Biometric signals, measurable by smart devices, were used in order to determine mental demand. This is nowadays a popular approach as the devices able to measure such signals are getting more common. To determine whether measuring mental demand in such a way was possible an experiment was designed to verify the existence of a connection between the measured biological signals and the difficulty of the game. An Android application was designed for the needs of the experiment which allows the users to play the game Snake whilst measuring biometric data via a smart wristband. This data was later processed using machine learning algorithms to create various models of determining a game's difficulty based on the measured signals. The results of the experiment were verified with some additional experiments to confirm a link between the measured biometric signals and the difficulty of a game.

V diplomskem delu je predstavljen proces izdelave 3D platformske igre v igralnem pogonu Unity®. Poudarek je na obširnem naboru akcij glavnega igralca, kot so plezanje, spust po cevi in odboj od zidu med skokom. Za izdelavo je uporabljen programski jezik C#. Na začetku so opisane uporabljene splošne funkcionalnosti tega igralnega pogona. Opisan je tudi žanr platformskih iger. V praktičnem delu so predstavljene programske metode, ki so omogočile razvoj takšne igre. Predstavljena je njihova uporabnost ter prednosti in slabosti teh metod. Na koncu je predstavljena končna igra, ki izhaja iz našega dela ter problemi, ki so se pojavili pri razvoju takšne 3D platformske igre. In this diploma thesis a process of a 3D platform game development in the Unity® game engine was presented. The emphasis in the thesis was on a different kinds of movement the character is able to do in the game like climbing, sliding down a pipe and bouncing from a wall while in mid-air. The programming language used for the implementation of the game is C#. Simpler functionalities of the game engine that were used are described in the beginning of the thesis together with the platform game genre. After describing the game engine the programming methods needed for the implementation of the game were presented. At the end the gameplay was shown and the problems we encountered during its development were presented.

V diplomski nalogi opisujemo proceduralno generacijo terena, izvor, definicijo ter manipulacije Perlinovega šuma in uporabljeno programsko opremo - igralni pogon Unity. Opisujemo postopke, s katerimi smo optimizirali delovanje projekta. S ponovno uporabo delov terena ter z zmanjševanjem količine detajlov v daljavi smo drastično pohitrili delovanje igre. V diplomskem delu opisujemo tudi pristope, ki smo jih uporabili za vsak posamezen del proceduralne generacije terena. Pri generiranju terena je bilo potrebno generirati višino, vlažnost ter toploto. Nato smo iz dobljenih podatkov generirali ekosisteme. Naslednja proceduralna generacija, ki smo jo implementirali, je generacija zelenja ter naselij, ki vključuje generacijo cest in stavb. Prikazani in ovrednoteni so tudi končni rezultati proceduralne generacije terena. Na koncu diplomska naloga ponuja tudi navodila za uporabo generatorja terena v igralnem pogonu Unity. Opisane so vse funkcije ter nastavitve, ki jih je mogoče kontrolirati iz uporabniškega vmesnika igralnega pogona. The diploma thesis describes the procedural generation of the terrain, the origin, definition and manipulation of the Perlin noise, and the software that we used - game engine Unity. The optimization of the performance of the project was achieved by reusing parts of the terrain and by reducing the details in the distance. In the diploma thesis we also describe methods we used for each layer of our terrain generation: we generated the terrain by first generating height, moisture and heat maps, and on the basis of the data we generated different ecosystems. The next generation we implemented is the generation of greenery and cities, which includes the generation of roads and buildings. We also present and evaluate the final results of the procedural generation of the terrain. At the end of the diploma thesis we give the instructions for use of our procedural terrain generation in Unity. We describe all the functions and parameters, which can be changed in the user interface of the game engine.

Magistrsko delo predstavi metode in prakse, potrebne za razvoj računalniških iger. Najprej opišemo orodja, ki so nam na voljo od samega začetka koncipiranja do konca razvoja. Zatem se posvetimo tehnični implementaciji in dokumentaciji ustaljenih metod ter praks v treh orodjih: RayLib, LibGDX in pogon Unity. Za potrebo demonstracij opisanih metod implementiramo igro Breakout v vseh treh orodjih in končni izdelek tudi opišemo. The thesis focuses on demonstrating good practices required for game development. We first introduce the different tools that are available to us from the start of development till the end. After that, we focus on the technical implementation and documentation of the standard practices using three different tools: RayLib, LibGDX and Unity engine. For the purpose of demonstrating the documented practices, we also implement the game Breakout in all three tools and document the final product in the end.

Razvoj igre obsega veliko različnih področij - programiranje, principe računal-niške grafike in pripadajoče matematike. Poleg tega je igro potrebno ustrezno oblikovati, tako igralno kot vizualno, ustvariti glasbeno spremljavo ter zvoke. Pomembna sta tudi originalna ideja in kreativno razmišljanje, da naša igra izstopa na trgu. Naloga neodvisnega razvijalca je, da poskrbi za vse vidike igre in jih združi v zanimivo celoto, ki pritegne ter obdrži igralca. Diplomsko delo demonstrira celoten proces razvoja računalniške igre. Opisana so potrebna orodja in ustaljene razvojne faze ter zakaj in kako so bile uporabljene pri kreiranju igre. Game development covers a spectrum of different areas - if we want to create a game we have to be a skillful programmer and be familiar with the principles of computer graphics and its mathematical fundations. We also need to design a game, both in terms of gameplay and visual style, create sound effects and the soundtrack for the game. Having an original idea and thinking creatively is also a key part of game development, so that our game stands out from all others that are available on the market. An independent game developer has to take care of all these aspects and join them together in an interesting game that will attract and motivate our players. This work demonstrates the process of creating a video game. It describes required tools, standard game development steps and explains why and how they were used during this process.

Pri poučevanju nas vedno zanima, kako izboljšati učenje s pomočjo novih učnih metod, ki bi olajšale razumevanje, povečale motivacijo in imele za rezultat poglobljeno znanje. Ena izmed inovativnih metod je poučevanje s pomočjo izobraževalnih računalniških iger. Igre uporabljamo pri poučevanju v situacijah, kjer bi lahko z njimi bolje razložili učno snov, ponudimo učencem varno okolje za eksperimentiranje, simuliramo realne situacije... Prav zato pa je uporaba dobrega okolja za izdelavo igre nujna, saj nam celoten postopek izdelave igre zelo olajša. Eden izmed teh programov je Unity, katerega sem se odločil opisati v diplomski nalogi. Z njim lahko naredimo 2D in 3D igre, sami napišemo programsko kodo, igro pa izvozimo v katerikoli sodobni format. Ker sem se že prej srečal s programom za izdelavo iger (eAdventure), sem najprej program Unity primerjal z njim, nato pa vse stvari, ki se dajo izdelati v njem opisal, kako se naredijo v Unity ter dodal še več uporabnih stvari za izdelavo kvalitetnejše igre. Unity ima možnost programiranja kode in skript, zato sem še prej izluščil bistvene stvari programskega jezika C#, ter nekaj njegovih sintaktičnih značilnosti. Končna diplomska naloga se izkaže kot nekakšen vodič (guide) za vse, ki si želijo ustvarjati (izobraževalne) računalniške igre in so se prvič srečali s programom Unity. We are always trying to improve learning process by finding new ways to increase motivation, make things easier to understand and last but not least to get better learning results. One method to do that is by creating educational video games. Video games are used in situations that can explain certain situations better, where we can make safe environment for students to experiment new things, to simulate real life situations and last but not least to increase their motivation in learning process. That is the main reason to use a good program when creating video games. One of these programs is Unity, which is described in this diploma. 2D and 3D games can be created in Unity, we can write our own scripts and do the programming. Games can be exported to every nowadays platform. In the beginning I made a comparison to a known program which I used before called eAdventure. Then all the things that can be made in eAdventure are made in Unity with specific upgrades. Because of programming function in Unity I made some basic description of C# programming language and some specific syntax. Diploma in general turned out to be sort of a guide for all of those who want to create (educational) video games but they never worked with Unity.

Merjenje psihofizioloških parametrov se že dolgo časa uporablja na najrazličnejših področjih. Dokazano je, da se fiziološki parametri, kot so frekvenca srčnega utripa, krvni tlak, temperatura kože in drugo, spreminjajo glede na psihološko stanje posameznika, ki je korelirano z aktivnostjo avtonomnega živčnega sistema. Eno od področij, na katerem se merjenja fizioloških parametrov vse bolj uveljavljajo, je tudi dizajniranje in programiranje igric. Glavni namen diplomske naloge je bil ugotoviti, če je možno sprogramirati računalniško igro, ki bi se prilagajala fiziološkemu stanju igralca. Za fiziološki parameter sem vzel prevodnost kože, ki sem ga meril s pomočjo merilnika Švicmiš. Vrednosti prevodnosti kože bi igra interpretirala na način, da bi spreminjala stopnjo težavnosti, da bi bilo igralcu bolj udobno. V prvem delu diplome sem opisal fiziološko povratno zanko, načine merjenja prevodnosti kože, strukturo kože in karakteristično obliko EDA signala po dražljaju. V drugem delu sem opisal programiranje same igre. Opisal sem igro, merilnik prevodnosti kože in programski jezik, v katerem je igra napisana. Potem sem opisal način branja zajetih vrednosti v sami programski kodi in metodo, po kateri sem preizkusil samo igro. V tretjem delu sem ovrednotil delovanje Šviczid igre z grafičnimi prikazi in opisal probleme, s katerimi sem se soočil. Igro sem ovrednotil pri surovem, vzorčenem in filtriranem signalu. Ovrednotenje je pokazalo, da igra pod določenimi pogoji deluje dobro, pod drugimi pogoji pa ne. Na koncu sem podal splošno oceno in opisal možnosti izboljšav. Measuring of psychophysiological parameters has been used in various fields for a long time. It has been demonstrated that the physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, skin temperature, and others, vary according to the psychological state of the individual, which is correlated with the activity of the autonomic nervous system. One of the areas where the measurements of physiological parameters is gaining ground, is also designing and programming games. The main purpose of this study was to determine if it is possible to program a computer game, which would be adapted to the physiological condition of the player. For physiological parameter I took the conductivity of the skin, which I measured by means of a gauge Švicmiš. Conductivity value of the skin would then be interpreted by a game in a manner to vary the level of difficulty, so the player would be more comfortable. In the first part of the diploma, I describe the physiological feedback loop, ways of measuring the conductivity of the skin, skin structure and the characteristic shape of the EDA signal after the stimulus. In the second part, I described the programming of the game. I have described the computer game, the conductivity meter and the programming language in which the game is written. Then I described the way of reading the values in the program code itself and a method by which I have tested the game. In the third part , I evaluate how Šviczid game worked with graphic presentation and described the problems that I have faced . The game was evaluated with usage of raw, sampled and filtered signal. Evaluation has shown that the game under certain conditions, it works well , and other conditions does not. In the end I made a general assessment and described possibilities of improvements .

V diplomskem delu opišemo implementacijo tekmovalne koevolucije dveh nasprotujočih populacij računalniških igralcev v igri Tower Defense. Prvo populacijo predstavljajo računalniške pošasti, ki se gibljejo proti določenemu cilju na igralnem polju. Njihova naloga je uspešno priti do cilja, s čemer zmanjšujejo zdravje nasprotnika. Druga populacija so stolpi, ki streljajo na pošasti in jih krmili igralec. Cilj igralca je strateško postaviti stolpe, da bi uspešno preprečili pošastim priti do cilja. V naši nalogi dva genetska algoritma krmilita ti dve populaciji. Z uporabo koevolucije izmenično prilagajamo obe populaciji njunim nasprotnikom. Rezultati pokažejo, da je konvergenca k stabilnemu stanju odvisna od uporabljenih parametrov genetskega algoritma in da se vsaka populacija obnaša na specifičen način pri določenih vrednostih parametrov. This diploma discribes the implementation of competitive coevolution of two opposing populations in a Tower Defense game. The first population is composed of monsters which move from one side of the board to a predefined goal. Their task is to reach the goal, which decreases the opponent's health. The other population are the towers that shoot the monsters and are controlled by the player. The player's task is to strategically place the towers, so that they will kill all the monsters before they reach the goal. In our implemetation the two populations are controlled by two genetic algorithms. Coevolution will evolve both populations. The results show that the population's avarege score convergence is conditioned by the genetic algorithm parameters. They also demonstrate that both generations have specific behaviours for certain values of the algorithm parameters.

V pričujočem diplomskem delu je podrobno predstavljen razvoj igre za platformo BlackBerry PlayBook s pomočjo HTML5, in sicer pot od ideje do izdelka. Uvodoma je obravnavana omenjena platforma, uporabljene tehnologije (HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript) ter razvojna okolja (NetBeans, GIMP). Osrednji del je namenjen predstavitvi razvoja našega izdelka (igra Time Attacker), ki vključuje opis, programsko kodo, implementacijo ter objavo igre. Uporabnost našega dela vidimo v njegovi izobraževalni in praktični funkciji, saj je delo zasnovano tako, da bodočega uporabnika, bodisi študenta računalništva ali drugega zainteresiranega uporabnika, s strokovnimi opisi korakov in razlago vsebin vodi skozi potek izdelave igre, ki smo jo v končni fazi objavili na spletu. The diploma paper presents in detail the development of game for BlackBerry PlayBook platform using HTML5, i. e. the path from idea to product. First, it examines the previously mentioned platform, the technologies used (HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript) and environments for development (NetBeans, GIMP). The central part is dedicated to the development of our product (Game Time Attacker), which includes a description of the program code, implementation and publication of the game. The usefulness of our work can be seen in its educational and practical function, because the work is designed for the future user or computer science student or other users, it contains professional descriptions of the steps and interpretations of the content through the course of manufacture of the game, which we ultimately posted it online.

V diplomskem delu opisujemo načine za razpoznavanje govora, računalniško generiranje govora in identifikacijo govorca ter ogrodje za izdelavo računalniške igre. Na podlagi teh znanj smo razvili 3D računalniško igro, ki jo lahko med igranjem upravljamo preko tipkovnice ali govora. Gre za namizno aplikacijo, ki je namenjena uporabnikom operacijskega sistema Windows. Napisana je v programskem jeziku C# in v ogrodju XNA, ki omogoča razvoj in upravljanje iger. In this diploma work, we describe modes of speech recognition, computer generated speech and speaker identification. We also present a framework for the implementation of a computer game. On the basis of these knowledges, we have develop a 3D computer game, which can be managed through the keyboard or speech during the play. Our game is desktop application, intended for users of the Windows operating systems. The game is written in the C# programming language and in the XNA framework, which enables game development and management.

V tem magistrskem delu predstavimo postopek izdelave igralnega pogona. Nalogo začnemo z opsiom razvoja igralnih pogonov skozi čas in pregledom obstoječih rešitev. Nato podamo prednosti in slabosti izdelave lastnega igralnega pogona in ovrednotimo smotrnost izbire že obstoječega igralnega pogona. Nadaljujemo s predstavitvijo igralnega pogona, ki smo ga razvili. Predstavimo arhitekture in organizacije sistemov igralnega pogona, podamo kratek pregled implementacije najpomembnejših sistemov in opišemo izdelavo urejevalnika nivojev. Zmogljivost razvitega igralnega pogona prikažemo z izdelavo preproste 2D igre. In this work we present the process of development of a game engine. Thesis begins with description of evolution of game engines and with an overview of the existing solutions. After that an analysis of advantages and disadvantages of development of a proprietary game engine is given together with evaluation of expedience of using an existing game engine. Thesis continues with description of development of our proprietary game engine. The architecture of the engine and organization of core system is presented at first, followed by specific implementation details and description of development of the level editor. The power and capacity of the developed game engine is presented through development of a simple 2D game.

V diplomskem delu smo predstavili igralni pogon Unity ter koncept načrtovanja računalniške igre. Pregledali smo različne grafični pogone in se osredotočili na enega izmed trenutno najbolj popularnih - Unity. Predstavili smo njegove komponente, prednosti in slabosti. Preden smo razvili igro, smo še predstavili, kaj je potrebno za načrtovanje iger, ter preverili cilje, ki napravijo igro zabavno. Primerjali smo tudi dobre in slabe uporabniške vmesnike v računalniških igrah. Vse pridobljeno znanje smo nato uporabili pri izdelavi 2D igre. In this diploma thesis we presented the game engine Unity and the concept of game design. After the presentation of the game engine components we designed a 2D game. We checked several game engines before we have chosen one of the currently most popular ones – Unity. We presented its components, advantages and weaknesses. Before we designed a game, we also presented what is necessary for game design and tested ways which make games interesting and fun. We also compared good and bad user interfaces in computer games. All the acquired knowledge was then used in a design of a 2D game.

Glavna naloga igralca pri računalniški igri Obrani ozemlje je poiskati dobro postavitev, ki bo uničila vse ali večino napadalnih enot. Za iskanje dobre postavitve lahko posegamo po raznih algoritmih, ki igranje olajšajo in naredijo igro še bolj zanimivo. Med te algoritme spadajo tudi evolucijski algoritmi, ki so se v preteklosti izkazali za zelo uspešne na področju reševanja zapletenih optimizacijskih problemov. Cilj diplomske naloge je izvesti evolucijski algoritem, ki bo optimiziral postavitve stolpov pri igri Obrani ozemlje, sočasno pa implementirati inteligentnega pomočnika, ki bo igralcu s pomočjo algoritma prikazoval namige za dobre postavitve stolpov. The main task of a player in the game Tower defense is to find a good layout of the towers that will destroy all or at least most of the offensive units. A good formation can be achieved using a variety of algorithms, which facilitate the game and make it even more interesting. Among these algorithms there are also the evolutionary algorithms, which have proved in the past to be very successful in solving complex optimization problems. The objective of the diploma thesis is to implement an evolutionary algorithm, which would optimize the layout of the towers in the game Tower defense and at the same time implement also an intelligent assistant that would, with the help of the algorithm, show to the player good hints for towers placement.

V diplomski nalogi smo predstavili načine za rekonstrukcijo akcije v računalniški igri. V prvem pristopu igra shranjuje množico parametrov, na podlagi katerih je kasneje možno tvoriti sliko ob zahtevi za predvajanje. Pristop omogoča realnočasovno beleženje vseh potrebnih parametrov, s pomočjo katerih si je možno ogledati potek igre iz drugačnih zornih kotov kamere, kot so bili uporabljeni med samim igranjem. Pri omenjenem pristopu je možno ponovno predvajati igro le, če je igra naložena na računalniku. Zaradi tega smo se odločili še za drug pristop, in sicer zajemanje celotne slike, stiskanje le-te z video kodekom in tvorbo video zapisa. Vse nove funkcionalnosti so na uporabniku prijazen način vključene v meni igre, ki omogoča enostavno upravljanje z igro. In the diploma paper we presented the ways for the reconstruction of the action in a computer game. In the first approach the game saves many parameters on which it is possible to compose a picture at the command for play further on. The approach enables real time tracking of all the necessary parameters with which it is possible to see the game’s process from various camera perspectives, as they were used during playing. With the approach mentioned it is possible to replay the game only if the game is loaded on the computer. Because of this we decided on a different approach, the capturing of the whole picture, the compression of it with the video codec and the creation of a video record. All of the new users’ friendly functionalities are included in the game’s menu that allows a simple operating with the game.

Cilj diplomske naloge je razviti računalniško igro za operacijski sistem android. Igra je narejena po zgledu arkadne igre Whack a mole. V igri igralec uporablja zaslon na dotik in je primerna za zaslone vseh ločljivosti. Na kratko pregledamo zasnovo podobnih iger in lastnosti operacijskega sistema android. Posebej se posvetimo tudi grafičnemu pospeševanju, katerega vpliv preverjamo pri izvajanju razvite računalniške igre. Zato smo izvedli niz poskusov, katerih rezultati govorijo o vplivu grafičnega pospeševanja na interaktivnost razvite igre. Ugotavljamo, da se igra izvaja na večini današnjih mobilnikov s 60 sličicami na sekundo, kar je maksimum, ki ga podpira operacijski sistem android. The aim of this thesis is to develop a game on Android operating system. The game is based on an example of arcade game Whack a mole. It is controlled by a touchscreen and is available for Android mobile phones of any resolution. The introductory section briefly reviews the similar games and describe basic features of the Android operating system. Graphic acceleration is in the focus, and its impact on the game execution is studied. We performed some tests to assess the influence of graphic acceleration on the game interactivity. We found out the game ran at 60 frames per second on most of today’s mobile phones. 60 frames per second is actually a maximum on the Android operating system.

Texas hold'em je zvrst poker igre, ki je navdušila veliko ljudi v začetku 21. stoletja. Gre za zelo popularno igro z 52 kartami. Od klasične poker igre, kjer dobi posamezen igralec pet zaprtih kart (karte, ki jih vidi le posamezen igralec), se razlikuje v tem, da dobi posamezen igralec samo dve zaprti karti. Zaprtim kartam sledi pet skupnih odprtih kart (karte, ki jih vidijo vsi igralci), s pomočjo katerih se tvori zmagovalna kombinacija. Pri tej zvrsti je veliko več možnih poti do končnih kombinacij kot pri klasičnem pokru, zato je igra toliko bolj zanimiva. Namen diplomskega dela je izdelati program za igranje igre poker texas hold'em za dva igralca. Program vsebuje grafični vmesnik in umetno inteligenco (poker bot). Umetna inteligenca vsebuje algoritem, ki smo ga razdelili na dva dela. Prvi del je igra z zaprtimi kartami in ena faza stavljanja. Drugi del je kombinacija zaprtih in skupnih kart, kjer so tri faze stavljanja. Algoritem v prvem delu uporablja pravila za igranje z zaprtimi kartami. V drugem delu, v igri s skupnimi kartami, pa algoritem igra po načelu situacijske igre in izkušenj avtorja. Pri tem se na nobenem mestu ne uporabljajo matematični elementi, kot je verjetnost. Poker bota smo testirali s tremi različnimi nasprotniki. Nasprotniki so bili človek in dva poker bot programa. V dvobojih proti programoma je naš poker bot dosegel dobre rezultate. Texas hold'em is a type of poker game played with 52 cards. The game has impressed many people in the early 21st century. From the classic poker game if differs in that all the players get two closed cards (cards of individual player) instead of five. Best combination of five cards formed from starting and community cards wins the pot. Texas Hold'em has a lot more possible combinations to form the winning hand than classic poker game. The porpouse of diploma is to build software for playing poker texas hold'em heads up. Software includes GUI and artificial intelligence named poker bot. AI includes an algorithm, which is divided in two parts. First part is preflop phase and one stage of betting. Second part is postflop phase where are three phases of betting. Algorithm in preflop phase is based on common rules for playing preflop hands. In second phase the algorithm is playing with the rules of situation play and experiences of author. No mathematics elements are used in AI. Poker bot was tested against three opponents. One of the opponents was the author of diploma and two other poker bots. In games against the other poker bots, our bot achieved good results.

V diplomski nalogi je opisan potek izdelave računalniške igre, ki simulira letalni model konvertiplana V-22 Osprey. Predstavljen je letalni model pravega konvertiplana ter orodje, s katerim izdelamo igro. Podan je načrt poteka izdelave naše igre, na koncu pa je bolj podrobno opisana sama implementacija v razvijalskem orodju za igre Unity. Rezultat diplomske naloge je igra z naslovom Let Ospreya, ki na zabaven način simulira letalni model konvertiplana V-22 Osprey. The thesis describes the course of making a computer game that simulates the flight model of the V-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft. The flight model of a real tiltrotor aircraft and the tool, in which the game is created, are presented. The plan of our game developement is given, finishing with a more detailed description of the implementation in the Unity game developement tool. The result of this work is a game called Flight of Osprey, which simulates the flight model of V-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft in a fun way.