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Razveselili smo se, ko je konec leta 1999 izšla nova knjiga o izobraževanju odraslih na Hrvaškem. Vemo, da izobraževanje odraslih hitro zaniha in da je občutljivo na družbene ter politične spremembe. Marsikaj, kar je bilo na Hrvaškem na področju andragogike že zelo razvito, je v zadnjem desetletju nazadovalo. Nova knjiga in nekateri raziskovalni projekti pa dokazujejo, da sta andragoška praksa in teorija že premagali krizo in da sta spet zaživeli.

Izhodišča: Telemedicina lahko izboljša glikemične in porodne izide nosečnostne sladkorne bolezni (NSB), čeprav še ni jasno, za katere posameznice naj bi bila telemedicinska orodja najbolj primerna. Namen naše raziskave je bil preveriti povezavo nekaterih psiholoških dejavnikov z glikemičnimi parametri pri ženskah z NSB, ki smo jih spremljali s telemedicinsko obravnavo. Analizirati smo želeli zadovoljstvo nosečnic s telemedicinsko obravnavo in opredeliti osebnostne značilnosti žensk, ki jim telemedicinska obravnava bolj ustreza. Metode: Vključene nosečnice so izpolnile Vprašalnik Velikih pet (angl. Big Five Inventory, BFI) in Vprašalnik o opolnomočenju v zvezi z vodenjem sladkorne bolezni (angl. Diabetes Empowerment Scale, DES). Podatke o samomeritvah koncentracije glukoze v krvi smo pridobili iz glukometrov. Povezanost med spremenljivkami smo izračunali s Spearmanovim koeficientom korelacije (Spearman ρ). Rezultati: V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 50 žensk (starost 32,0 ± 4,3 let) z NSB, ki so bile vodene telemedicinsko. Od osebnostnih dimenzij sta bili sprejemljivost (Spearman ρ=0.422, p=0.003) in vestnost (Spearman ρ = 0.346, p = 0.016) pozitivno povezani s skupno realizacijo meritev glukoze v krvi. Ugotovili smo povezavo med povprečno koncentracijo glukoze v krvi po obrokih in skupnim dosežkom pri Vprašalniku DES (Spearman q = 0.324, p = 0.030) ter dvema podlestvicama, tj. Obvladovanjem psihosocialnih vidikov NSB (Spearman q = 0.326, p = 0.029) in Nezadovoljstvom in pripravljenostjo na spremembe (Spearman q = 0.363, p = 0.014). Zaključek: Naši rezultati predstavljajo korak k opredelitvi skupka psiholoških značilnosti žensk z NSB, ki bi lahko bil pomemben napovednik učinkovitosti telemedicinske obravnave. Potrebne so še nadaljnje raziskave, tudi o drugih psiholoških vidikih.

The study focused on the relationship of emotional and cognitive components of empathy with emotional intelligence abilities (labelling, understanding, and regulating emotions). Since both emotional intelligence and empathy have important role in a person’s socio-emotional health and well-being, we need to better understand the relations between these two related constructs. Additionally, having samples from two different countries enabled us comparison on the national level. Two samples of adults participated in the study, namely from Croatia (N = 138) and Portugal (N = 138). We found significant moderate correlations between empathy and emotional intelligence measures in both samples. Four dimensions from the Interpersonal Responsivity Index (IRI; empathic concerns, fantasy, personal distress and perspective-taking) had significant moderate correlations with each other, with similar patterns of correlations in both samples. The strongest correlations were found for the TEQ (affective component of empathy) and perspective-taking (cognitive component of empathy) and different emotional intelligence components. Participants in the Portuguese sample had higher scores on the emotional component of empathy (empathic care and the TEQ), while cognitive component (perspective-taking) was more expressed in the Croatian sample. Participants in the Portuguese sample also had higher scores on all three components of emotional intelligence than participants in the Croatian sample. Regardless of the nationality, women had higher scores on the measures of empathic care, fantasy, perspective-taking and the TEQ, while men scored higher on the measure of personal distress. Regarding emotional intelligence scales, women had higher results on the Perceive and Understand emotions scale.

To add new evidence that complement activation by the mannan (lectin) pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes, we collected blood and urine samples from 20 patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy and 20 apparently healthy individuals from the general population. We performed tests for complement activation analysis (CH50, APH50, C3, C4, C3d/dg, C4d, SC5b-9, MBL and genotyping of Mbl2 gene) in blood and (C3d/dg, C4d, MBL, and SC5b-9) in urine. We found significant signs of complement activation in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy in blood and in urine. We also observed significant genetic differences between healthy individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy concerning the Mbl2 gene. Healthy individuals were apparently more heterogeneous (45 % A0 type) in presentation of the structural Mbl2 genotype, giving intermediate and low levels of MBL protein, compared to patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy, who had a very homogenous Mbl2 genome (75 % AA type) giving a high level of MBL production. From our data we can conclude that patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy presents more frequently with Mbl2 gene polymorphism giving high production of the MBL protein, what is very likely connected with acquired renal injury.

The impact of simultaneous Cd and Zn amendments in the substrate on the accumulation of Cd and Zn were studied in a recently discovered Cd/ Zn hyperaccumulating Thlaspi praecox (Brassicaceae) and compared to a model hyperaccumulating plant species T. caerulescens. The plants were grown in pots with added Cd or Zn or both for three months in a greenhouse. The addition of Zn in the substrate increased Cd extractability in the substrate significantly without a significant pH change and this increase resulted in increased concentration and content of Cd in the shoots of both species indicating that species have similar abilities to extract Cd from the substrate. In the combined treatment (Cd and Zn) an increase in shoot biomass accompanied with a decrease in Zn concentration in roots and shoots of both species was observed, while no changes in total accumulated Zn in shoots were seen. These results suggest different uptake and translocation systems for Cd and Zn in T. praecox, positioning this plant species in the superior Cd hyperaccumulating league of T. caerulescens Ganges ecotype.

Leta 1983 smo zasnovali večletni gnojilni poskus po načelu naključnih blokov v štirih ponovitvah. V letu 1994 smo zbrali vzorce krme na negnojeni različici (0), različici, gnojeni s fosforjem in kalijem (PK), ter različici, gnojeni s fosforjem, kalijem in dušikom (NPK). Vzorce prve, druge in tretje košnje smo ločili na trave, metuljnice in zeli ter ločeno določali vsebnosti Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Zn, Mn, Fe, in Cu. Glede na delež posamezne botanične skupine smo izračunali tudi vsebnosti elementov v krmi. Gnojenje je značilno vplivalo na vsebnost večine elementov v travah, metuljnicah in zeleh vseh treh košenj. Gnojenje s PK je v krmi zmanjšalo vsebnost Mg in Mn ter povečalo vsebnost P in K. Pri gnojenju z NPK v primerjavi z negnojeno različico (0) se je v krmi zmanjšala vsebnost Fe, povečala pa vsebnost P, K in Zn. Gnojenje z dušikom (NPK vs. PK) je v krmi značilno povečalo vsebnost P, Mg, Zn in Mn ter zmanjšalo vsebnost Ca. Zaporedna košnja je značilno vplivala na vsebnost vseh analiziranih elementov v krmi razen na vsebnost Cu. Pri krmi druge in tretje košnje je bila vsebnost Ca, Mg in Mn večja kot pri krmi prve košnje. Največje vsebnosti P in Zn smo ugotovili v krmi tretje košnje. Metuljnice in zeli vsebujejo v primerjavi s travami dva- do trikrat več Ca, Mg, Zn in Cu. Zaradi tega se s spreminjanjem botanične sestave travne ruše precej spreminja tudi vsebnost teh elementov v krmi. Glede na potrebe krav v laktaciji smo ugotovili izrazito pomanjkanje Na, Zn in Cu, pomanjkanje P pa le v krmi z negnojenih parcel.

Ruminal starch digestibility of dried maize grain and whole plant maize silage was determined by the in sacco method. It was found out that starch of dent type maize hybrid is more extensively digested in the rumen than starch of flint type hybrid. Digestibilities of dried maize grain from dent and flint type hybrids were 683 and 554 g kg-1 respectively. Ruminal digestibilities of corresponding silages were 915 and 743 g kg-1. Ruminal digestibility of starch in whole plant maize silage was on average about 200 g kg-1 higher than in dried grain samples. Ruminal starch digestibility of maize silages can not be estimated directly on the basis of measurements done on dried grain samples. Some practical implications of differences among hybrids and between dried and ensiled maize are discussed.