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Copyright of Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry / Glasnik Šumarskog Fakulteta is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Forestry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Soil organic C storage in mountain areas is highly heterogeneous, mainly as a result of local-scale variability in the soil environment and microclimate. The aims of the present study were to estimate soil organic carbon density (SOCD) and stocks in leptosol on morainic deposits of high-altitude grasslands of the Lake Plateau of Mt. Durmitor National Park in Montenegro, and determine the soil variables that can be used as factors to determine the SOCD at 28 soil profiles. Our results indicated that SOC storage in the top 40 cm of the alpine grasslands were estimated at 560 414.86 t C, or 152.66 t•ha-1, with an average density of 15.27 kg•m-2. The soil organic carbon density increased significantly with soil moisture, clay and silt content, but only moderately with mean annual temperature. In conjunction, these variables could explain approximately 51% of the total variation in SOC density.

At the experimental field "Radmilovac" of the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Belgrade the study of the conservation of soil moisture in deep tillage Rigosol was carried out. The so called type of soil Rigosol was covered by wheat and maize. The Rigosol was formed by special treatment of the parent soil the Eutric Cambisol. The researches have been conducted during the most important phenophases of the crop growth, including formation of kernels, flowering, fertilization, grain filling and maturity. Special attention was paid to the measurements of soil moisture in the period when crop water requirements are the greatest. The conservation of the soil moisture was observed along the vertical profiles of soil. The following parameters were monitored: time intervals without rainfall, precipitation rate and the rate of crop phenophase development. Very favorable soil moisture conservation was observed, both for wheat and maize covered soil. The greatest content of soil moisture was measured at the depths from 10 to 30 cm, in the zone of crop roots. As the consequence, the favorable conditions for crop growth and yields were observed. Deep tillage of soil had positive effects on homogeneous distribution of soil moisture along the vertical profile, independently of the crop type. It was shown that the Rigosol ensures better conservation of the soil moisture than the parent soil (Eutric Cambisol), if all agriculture measures are applied in the proper time.

The experiment with effects of different pre-irrigation soil moisture on onion bulb yield and evapotranspiration (ET), produced by seeding, was established at field conditions at the Rimski Šančevi Experiment Field of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. The experiment was conducted in 2005/2007 undersprinkler irrigation conditions on a calcareous chernozem on loess terrace. The experiment included irrigation variants with pre-irrigation soil moisture of 60%, 70% and 80% of FWC (Field Water Capacity), and non-irrigated check control. Two varieties of onion, Alek and Kupusinski jabučar were tested. Onion bulb yield of irrigated variants, on average, (35.498 t ha-1) was statisticaly higher than those in the non-irrigated control (15.551 t ha-1). The higest bulb yield was obtained in the variant with pre-irrigation soil moisture of 60% of FWC (36.651 t ha-1), statisticaly different compared with yield obtained with pre-irrigation soil moisture of 70% of FWC (34.274 t ha-1), but with out differences compared with pre-irrigation soil moisture of 80% of FWC (35.569 t ha-1). The values of soil moisture of 60 and 80% of FWC are the lower limit of optimum soil moisture, or the technical minimum (TM) when onion, produced by seeding, is grown on soil with medium mechanical texture. The quantity of water used for ETP of 482,7-493,8 mm, on average, in the variants of pre-irrigation soil moisture of 60 and 80% of FWC, may be considered as the water requirement of onion, when grown under climatic conditions of the Vojvodina Province. There were no significant differences between two tested varieties. Obtained yield (31.979 t ha-1) in warmer 2006 was statistically different than the yield obtained in rainy and slightly colder 2005 (29.324 t ha-1). There were no significant differences between 2005 and 2007 on the one hand and 2006 and 2007 on the other (30,511 t ha-1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NS sunflower hybrids are developed primarily for the Serbian agroecological conditions while taking into account the limiting factors of the domestic sunflower production. The 2006 sunflower yields were negatively affected by excessive soil moisture, high ground water levels, and floods occuring during the optimum period for sowing in nearly all sunflower-growing regions of the country. The increased moisture hampered planting and increased weediness, thus negatively affecting the yields. Weather conditions in the latter part of the vegetation period had a favorable effect on sunflower growth and development. Seed and oil yields obtained in a network of small-plot trials varied according to location and cultural practices used. In both of the sunflower regions studied in the paper, the highest seed yields were produced by the hybrids Sremac, NS-H-111 and NS-H-45. The highest oil yields in the trial network were obtained with the hybrids Baća, Pobednik, Olivko and Šumadinac. The hybrids Baća, NS-H-111 and Sremac produced the highest oil yields in the province of Vojvodina, while the hybridsŠumadinac, NS-H-111 and Stig did the same in central Serbia. In a two-year study in Vojvodina, the new hybrids Sremac, Šumadinac and Somborac proved their worth by producing higher seed yields than the hybrids commonly used in commercial production. Results of the small-plot trials confirmed the commercial value of the standard hybrids and showed the value of the new ones, which are expected to be come the main stays of sunflower production in the country as they gradually replace the currently predominant hybrids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Field test was conducted in 2006 on experimental field of Institute of field and vegetable crops in Novi Sad. The effect of sowing date and stand density on seed yield, oil content and yield as well as percentage of harvested plants were investigated. It used domestic perspective hybrids of sunflower. Sowing was made at 8 dates since 20.III to 01.VI with 10 days increasing step. There were significant differences between hybrids in all investigated traits. Optimal sowing interval according to all investigated traits was from April 1 to April 20 (Graph. 1, 2). In second trial there were six stand density (from 30.000-80.000 plants per hectare with increasing step of 10.000). There were significant differences between hybrids in all investigated traits. Optimal stand density according to all investigated traits was nearly 60.000 plants per hectare (Graph. 3, 4). Linear decreasing of harvested plants percentage was detected with increasing stand density (rln ²=0.960), for -4.74 % with each increasing of 10.000 plants per hectare (Graph. 4). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]