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Hrana obuhvata neorganska i organska jedinjenja, koja grade organizam čoveka i obezbeđuju energiju. Da bi se obezbedilo pravilno funkcionisanje organizma, potrebno je unositi sve hranljive sastojke u optimalnim količinama. Naročito je značajno koristiti voće, povrće i žitarice u ishrani, a njihov redovan unos pomaže u prevenciji bolesti digestivnog trakta, hipertenzije, kardiovaskularnih, neurodegenerativnih i infektivnih oboljenja, osteoporoze i karcinoma. Food covers inorganic and organic compounds, which build the human body and provide energy. In order to ensure the proper functioning of the organism, it is necessary to take all the nutrients in optimal quantities. It is especially important to use fruits, vegetables and cereals in the in nutrition, and their regular intake helps prevent diseases of the digestive tract, hypertension, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases, osteoporosis and cancer.

U ovoj studiji istražujemo koncept prilagođavanja klimatskim promenama iz aspekta analize uticaja promena na proizvodnju lana. Testirani su parametri kvaliteta sorti uljanog lana NS Marko i NS Primus, koje su selekcionisane u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo. Eksperimenti su izvedeni na parcelama Instituta, u tri ponavljanja, u trogodišnjem periodu. Godina istraživanja je imala značaj uticaj na ispitivane parametre proizvodnje lana. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali značajna variranja sadržaja ulja po godinama. Primenom nove poboljšane tehnologije proizvodnje uspešno možemo da se suočimo sa promenama koje su nastupile, a koje izvesno opredeljuju pravce budućeg razvoja. In this study, we explore the concept of adaptation to climate change from the aspect of analyzing the impact of changes on linseed production. The quality parameters of linseed varieties NS Marko and NS Primus were tested, which were selected at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops. The experiments were performed on the plots of the Institute, in three replications, over a three-year period. The year of research had a significant impact on the examined parameters of linseed production. The results of the research showed significant variations in oil content over the years. By applying new improved production technology we can successfully face the changes that have taken place, and which certainly determine the directions of future development.

U ovom radu je ispitivan uticaj NPK đubrenja, prihranjivanja azotom i inokulacije semena kvržičnim bakterijama na komponente prinosa i prinos zrna pasulja. Poljski mikroogled je izveden u agroekološkim uslovima centralne Šumadije i na zemljištu tipa gajnjača (Eutrični kambisol). Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali značajne razlike u broju mahuna, broju zrna i prinosu zrna između ispitivanih tretmana đubrenja. Suprotno tome, inokulacija semena nije ispoljila značajniji uticaj na posmatrane parametre produktivnosti pasulja. This paper examined the effect of NPK fertilization, nitrogen fertilization, and seed inoculation by nodule bacteria on the yield and grain yield components of beans. The field microexperiment was performed under the agro-ecological conditions of central Šumadija and on the brown forest soil type (Eutric cambisol). The obtained results showed significant differences in number of pods, number of grains and grain yield between the tested fertilization treatments. On the contrary, seed inoculation did not have a significant effect on the observed productivity parameters of beans.

Dijabetes melitus spada među najčešće bolesti endokrinog tipa i u stalnom je porastu. U lečenju šećerne bolesti, koristi se nekoliko pristupa; insulin u kombinaciji sa dijetom, lekovi i medicinska sredstva, promene životnih navika. Važnu ulogu u prevenciji i lečenju dijabetesa, imaju i brojne biljne vrste, za koje je potvrđeno da poseduju hipoglikemijsko dejstvo. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases and is on the rise. In the treatment of diabetes, several approaches are used; insulin in combination with diet, medicines and lifestyle changes. Numerous plant species, which have been confirmed to have hypoglycemic activity, also play an important role in the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

U Srbiji, povećanje prinosa kukuruza po jedinici površine iziskuje povećanje genetičkog potencijala rodnosti novih hibrida, kao i poboljšanje tehnologije gajenja. Savremeni hibridi, pored većeg genetičkog potencijala rodnosti, treba da se karakterišu i većom tolerantnošću prema stresnim uslovima proizvodnje. Osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se odredi optimalna količina azota za hibride različite dužine vegetacionog perioda na zemljištu tipa černozem i gajnjača i izvrši izbor ZP hibrida najbolje rodnosti za agroekološke uslove istočnog Srema i centralne Šumadije. Ispitivanja su obavljena putem poljskih mikroogleda u agroekološkim uslovima istočnog Srema (Zemun Polje) i centralne Šumadije (Rača Kragujevačka) metodom razdeljenih parcela u četiri ponavljanja. Rezultati ukazuju da je najjači uticaj na prinos zrna kukuruza imao tip zemljišta (veći prinos je zabeležn na gajnjači za 1.97 tha-1), zatim đubrenje azotom (povećanje prinosa od 0,92 do 1,25 tha-1) i najslabiji hibrid (najveći prinos zrna od 10,03 tha-1 zabeležen je u hibrida ZP 677). In Serbia, increase in corn yield per unit area requires an increase in the genetic potential of the yield of new hybrids, as well as improved cultivation technology. Modern hybrids, in addition to the greater genetic potential of fertility, should also be characterized by higher tolerance to stressful production conditions. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal amount of nitrogen for hybrids of different lengths of the vegetation period on the soil of chernozem and brown forest soil and made the selection of ZP hybrids of the best fertility for the agroecological conditions of eastern Srem and central Šumadija. The experiments were carried out through field microscopes in the agroecological conditions of eastern Srem (Zemun Polje) and central Šumadija (Raĉa Kragujevaĉka) using the split plot plane in four repetitions. The results show that the strongest impact on maize grain yield was of the type of soil (the higher yield was recorded on the brown forest soil for 1.97 tha-1), then the nitrogen fertilization (increase in yield from 0.92 to 1.25 tha-1) and the weakest hybrid (the largest grain yield of 10.03 tha-1 is recorded in hybrid ZP 677).

Sekundarni metaboliti biljaka odgovorni su za širok dijapazon aktivnosti biljnih droga. Ciljevi istraživanja sekundarnih biljnih metabolita, odnose se i na potrebe pronalaska novih antimikrobnih materija s obzirom na globalnu pojavu otpornosti bakterija na antibiotike. U ovom radu, razmatra se antimikrobna aktivnost sekundarnih biljnih metabolita. Plant secondary metabolites are responsible for a wide range of herbal drug activities. The objectives of the research of secondary plant metabolites also relate to the needs of the invention of new antimicrobials due to the global appearance of bacteria resistance to conventional antibiotic agents. In this paper, the antimicrobial activity of secondary plant metabolites is considered.

Mineralne materije su neophodne biljkama za rast i razvoj, kao i za normalno funkcionisanje ljudskog i organizma životinja. Mineralne materije u lance ishrane ulaze preko biljaka, pa je poznavanje i proučavanje mineralnog sastava biljaka izuzetno značajno. Ispitivanje sadržaja mineralnih materija u zrnu kukuruza, u zavisnosti od rastuće količine azota đubriva, obavljeno je u dvogodišnjem periodu, na lokalitetu Zemun Polje, u klimatskim uslovima Istočnog Srema. Na ogledima je primenjena standardna agrotehnika. Hemijski sastav ploda kukuruza, tokom dve godine istraživanja, određivan je u fazi fiziološke zrelosti zrna kukuruza. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je, u proseku za ispitivane faktore, sadržaj mineralnih materija u zrnu kukuruza iznosio 1,87%. U prvoj godini istraživanja, utvrđen je veći sadržaj pepela u zrnu za 0,23% u poređenju s drugom godinom. Primenjene količine azota značajno i veoma značajno su uticale na sadržaj mineralnih materija u zrnu kukuruza. Mineral matters are necessary for the growth and development of plants as well as for normal functioning of human and animal organisms. Mineral matters enter the food chains through the plants making the knowledge and study of the mineral content of plants very remarkable. The study of the content of mineral matters in maize grain, depending on the growing quantities of nitrogen fertilizer, has been conducted during a two-year period on the locality of Zemun Polje, in climate conditions of the Eastern Srem. In these experiments, a standard agrotechnique is applied. The chemical contents of the maize yield during the two-year period of the experiment is determined in a phase of the phyisiological ripeness of maize grain. Our research results show that, in the average for the examined factors, the content of mineral matters in maize grain was 1.87%. It is determined that the content of ash in grain was for 0.23% higher in the first year of the experiment than in the second one. The applied quantities of nitrogen had a significant and a very significant impact on the content of mineral matters in maize grain. Radovi sa 33. Savetovanja agronoma, veterinara, tehnologa i agroekonomista, Padinska Skela, 2019.

U ovom radu ispitivan je uticaj tipa zemljišta, startnog đubrenja NPK đubrivima i međurednog rastojanja na produktivnost heljde. Poljski mikoogledi su izvedeni u agroekološkim uslovima južnog Banata na zemljištu tipa černozem i Šumadije na zemljištu tipa gajnjača. Primenjene količine NPK đubriva izražene u kg ha-1 aktivne materije su iznosile – kontrola (bez đubrenja), NPK 30:30:30, NPK 60:60:60 i NPK 90:90:90, a setva heljde je obavljena na 25 i 50 cm međurednog rastojanja. Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali značajne razlike u pogledu parametara produktivnosti heljde u zavisnosti od tipa zemljišta, primenjenih količina NPK hraniva i veličine vegetacionog prostora. Utvrđena je međuzavisnost između ispitivanih faktora. This paper examined the effect os soil type, start fertilization with NPK fertilizers and row spacing on the productivity of buckwheat. Field microexperiments were conducted in the agroecological conditions of South Banat on tchernozem soil type and in Šumadija (Central Serbia) on brown forest soil type. The applied amounts of fertilizers expressed in kg ha-1 of active substance, were: Control (unfertilized), NPK 30:30:30, NPK 60:60:60 and NPK 90:90:90. Sowing of buckwheat was carried out on 25 cm and 50 cm row distance. Obtained results showed statistical differences between the parameters of productivity depending on soil type, applied amounts of NPK fertilizers and vegetation area shape. The interdependence between examined factors was determined.

Osnovni ciljevi, vezani za održivost organske poljoprivrede, uključuju proizvodnju baziranu na savremenim tehnologijama, kao i recikliranje i ponovno korištenje poljoprivrednog otpada. Bitna odrednica organske poljoprivrede je i isključivanje primenemineralnih đubriva i pesticida, koji uzrokuju zagađenje zemljišta i ostalih komponenti životne sredine. U organskoj proizvodnji, koriste se uglavnom organska hraniva i biološki preparati, koji ubrzavaju razgradnju žetvenih ostataka i oslobađanje biljnih asimilativa. U novije vreme, proširuju se mogućnosti korištenja alelopatskih materija i sekundarnih metabolita biljaka kao regulatora rasta i prirodnih herbicida u održivoj poljoprivredi, dok najznačajniju alternativu korištenju mineralnih đubriva predstavljaju mikrobiološka đubriva. U ovom radu, razmatra se značaj i obim primene mikrobioloških đubriva u savremenoj poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji. The basic aims related to a viability of organic agriculture include production based on modern technologies as well as recycling and reusing of agricultural waste. An important point of organic agriculture also implies the exclusion of mineral fertilizers and pesticides which cause a contamination of soil and other components of a living environment. Organic production mostly includes organic fertilizers and biological preparations which accelerate demolishing of harvest remains and releasing of plant assimilates. In recent times, the use of allelopathic matters and secondary metabolites of plants as regulators of growing and natural herbicides in viable agriculture has expanded its possible ways of application whereas the most significant alternative use of mineral fertilizers belongs to microbiological fertilizers. In this work, the significance and volume of the application of microbiological fertilizers in modern agricultural production are examined.

Ispitivanja uticaja tipa zemljišta, količine azota i hibrida na sadržaj ukupnih proteina u zrnu kukuruza obavljena su u trogodišnjem vremenskom periodu na lokalitetu Instituta za kukuruz "Zemun Polje" i u Rači Kragujevačkoj, po split plot planu u četiri ponavljanja. Na zemljištu tipa černozem sadržaj ukupnih proteina u zrnu bio je veći za 0,06% u odnosu na gajnjaču. Na oba tipa zemljišta, najveći sadržaj ukupnih proteina zabeležen je pri primeni 180 kg ha-1 azota. Najmanji sadržaj ukupnih proteina u zrnu utvrđen je u hibrida ZP 677 (7,90%), a najveći u hibrida ZP 434 (8,62%). Investigations of the influence of soil type, quantity nitrogen and hybrid to the content of total proteins in maize grains were carried out over a three-year period at the locality the Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje" and the Rača Kragujevačka, according to the split plot in four repetitions. The total protein content in the grain on chernozem soil was 0. 06% higher than the cambisol. The highest content of total proteins on both types of soil was recorded using 180 kg ha-1 nitrogen. The smallest content of total proteins in grains was recorded in hybrid ЗП 677 (7. 90%), and the largest in hybrid ЗП 434 (8.62%).