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The present paper deals with the subject of the acquisition of land ownership in Romania by foreign citizens. It presents the legal problems involved matter in relation to the legal regime drawn by the three essential laws in the field, Law 312/2005, Law 18/1991 and Law 17/2014, to which are added the constitutional provisions regarding this subject. The legal regime under which land in Romania can be acquired by foreign citizens is presented depending on the fact that the foreign citizens are members of the European Union or they are foreign citizens belonging to third countries. Also, an important place in this study is reserved to the explaining of the meaning of the term reciprocity in this matter and to the functioning mechanism of the preemption right in connection with the acquisition of land ownership right in Romania by foreign citizens.