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There are many indications that various aspects and factors of large-scale war victimization could be made visible through the collection and analyses of data on organized crime in post-conflict societies. War victimisation could be understood as an outcome of opportunistic criminal activity: war conditions offer the unique opportunity to criminals and criminal groups (especially those involved in military or paramilitary formations) not only to restrain their destructive personal potentials but also to attain a new identity as ’national heroes’ and gain a significantly better economic position as advantageous ’investments’ to post-war criminal business. Crimes in war as well as war crimes, often perceived as basically launched by nationalistic (‘blood and belonging’) ideology, could be examined from a broader hypothetical framework: nationalist ideologies should be considered not only as drives but also as means. By identifying themselves primarily as members of a specific nation who ’defend’ (or victimize) a specific ethnic group, criminals of war provide not only the legitimization of crimes against other nations/ethnic groups but also of crimes against (primarily political) opponents within their ethnic group. The main aim of this paper is to argue for research on the continuity of organised criminal activities before, during and after ethnic conflicts in the Former Yugoslavia. This kind of research is argued to be a promising tool for the assessment of links between war and organized crime victimization as a way of getting a more comprehensive picture of the recent past. Research findings may further be used as the basis for creating comprehensive regional security strategies. Moreover, although the focus of this paper is on organised crime committed during the wars on the territory of the former Yugoslavia, its analyses and conclusions may be applicable to other similar contexts, including contemporary armed conflicts in different parts of the world.

In contemporary turbulent environment, which is subject to frequent changes due to the influence of internal and external factors, managers must be expert and informed, and they must also act quickly. If trends are not accepted and followed, there is no survival on the market, which is true in all branches of business, and especially in the trade sector. Marketing managers must constantly monitor what is happening on the market, what innovations can affect their business, what the competition is doing, as well as what customers expect from them in order to best satisfy their wishes and needs, and ensure their loyalty. Digital technologies must certainly be adopted as a basis for doing business since not only do they offer the possibility of selling products online, but they also allow managers to obtain important information on their customers. Data on where customers interact, which social networks they use, how they think, as well as what their wishes and habits are, can make the process of making important decisions much easier for marketing managers of trading companies. For the purpose of this paper, empirical research was conducted through a survey on a sample of 112 managers of trading companies in Serbia in the period October-November 2022. The purpose of the research in this paper is to analyze how digitalization has influenced the change in managing B2B marketing of trading companies. The importance of determining this influence is reflected in the possibility of giving recommendations to managers of trading companies that have not yet joined the digital transformation of business to do so since today customers are mostly present on the Internet, which will be even more noticeable in the future as newer generations mature.

Starting from the attitude that education and culture play a key role in the progress of every society, this paper deals with the affirmation of these activities through media. Media play an important role in the creation of public awareness and can contribute to the development of public interest and support towards education and culture, but also to their marginalization. The subject of this paper is therefore the presence of education and culture in the front pages of the daily press in Serbia. The goal of the paper is to investigate how much education and culture are present in the discourse of Serbian print media, based on the recording and classification of front page news. The research was conducted from November the 1st 2021 till October the 31st 2022, on daily basis. The analysis covered 10 daily newspapers: Politika, Danas and Dnevnik as quality newspaper, Večernje novosti, Blic and Nova as semi-tabloids and Informer, Kurir, Srpski telegraf and Alo! as tabloids. The results were presented in relation to time, newspapers and title tonality. A combination of qualitative (content analysis) and quantitative methods (descriptive statistical analysis of news frequency) was used. During the observed period, 405 titles were published - 274 about education and 131 about culture. The results of the dynamics and structure of reporting indicate insufficient affirmation of education and culture through print media, as well as the imbalance between neutral and polarized news and reduced level of regular reporting due to acute socio-political events. In order to remove the problem of marginalization of education and culture in social consciousness, systematic efforts in popularization of these topics and a more responsible media policy are needed, in which the professionalism, social responsibility and the enlightening role of the media would be set as priorities.

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Today's way of working and living involves the use of many products of new technologies. Many analyses of the influence of modern technologies on people and children emphasize benefits of modern technologies. But there are also some very bad effects of the use of modern technologies that are much less noted. One of the very frequent and very dangerous effects of the use of modern technologies is digital violence (cyberbullying). Increasing use of mobile phones, laptops, computers, the Internet, social networks and the like caused this type of violence to become very frequent, especially among school age children. The constant increase of this type of violence implies serious and detailed strategies for their reduction and elimination. This paper had both scientific and professional goals. The scientific goal of the paper was to identify the presence and exposure extent of digital violence among secondary school pupils. The professional goal was to present the results of the research conducted by a questionnaire as well asto emphasize the importance of such survey of pupils in order to better and more effectively monitor digital violence impact on pupils. The research presented in this paper was conducted by the author of this paper and included pupils from secondary schools in Niš.

Copyright of Temida is the property of Victimology Society of Serbia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Temida is the property of Victimology Society of Serbia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research at faculties in Serbia after WWII, even though they were fruit of individual efforts, resulted in significant theoretical contributions. Organized, mostly applied research was conducted within institutes with participation of scholars and researchers of the faculties. Since 1952, the Association of Yugoslav Laboratories (AYL) consolidated the research, thus providing a considerable contribution to the structural engineering in Serbia. This contribution in the field of theory and practice was the basis for the notable achievements that glorified our structural engineering worldwide. Theoretical contributions contained in the doctoral dissertations in the field of Theory of structures and Geotechnics are significant, so they were listed in the paper. Majority of these studies became a part of research project as late as in 1976, and they are briefly presented in the paper. The synthesis of project results from fundamental and technological development research was published in numerous monographs, articles, papers and proceedings of scientific and professional meetings and some of them are commented in this paper. The necessity to introduce technical regulations which have already been adopted in the EU countries EN 1990 to 1999, i.e. the Eurocode, was emphasized. There is a brief discussion of several research directions which are topical nationwide as well as worldwide.

Besides verification of some previous findings on perpetrators of sexual abuse of children, the purpose of this paper is to introduce new knowledge about the insufficiently researched, abovementioned subject matter in criminology and penology into the corpus of previous knowledge. The paper presents a preliminary communication of the project which was focused on the examination of socio-demographic, criminological and penological characteristics of sexual abusers (N=26) sentenced to imprisonment in 2019. Preliminary results describe the profile of perpetrators: they come from both urban and rural areas, are under the age of 50, are poorly educated, tend to live alone, are prone to alcohol and drug use, and are single recidivists or multirecidivists. The offenders are known to the victim or are in a close relationship and regardless of the offender-victim relationship, these offences most commonly occur in the offender’s or victim’s home. The respective results within the existing body of knowledge should inform and prevent this phenomenon from occurring in the first place as well as to protect potential victims. Hence, much more attention is to be focused on evidence-based knowledge documenting the circumstances of sexual violence and abuse against a child for situational crime prevention purposes. There is a premise that interaction between the potential offender and the environment shapes and leads to criminal behaviour. One of the effective strategies might be to expose the children to self-protection programmes at school and teach them to resist their offender which has the potential to result in unintended negative and serious consequences. In this context, the situational features of crime, taken individually or in interaction with offender characteristics, clearly merit increased attention from scholars and practitioners in the field.

This paper looks at the use of e-books in higher education, with special reference to the perceptions of foreign language students, as over the last decade there has been a noticeable tendency in this population towards increased use of e-books for their studies. Due to their technical characteristics, primarily multimediality and interactivity, e-books have great potential for foreign language learning at all levels. Therefore, in the relevant literature there is an increasing number of studies dealing with various aspects of e-book use in foreign language acquisition. The aim of this paper is to present a review of published studies pertaining to student perceptions of the potential, advantages and drawbacks of e-books in content learning in the field of foreign languages. The structure of the paper comprises an introductory section, a section on the emergence of e-books, a review of research in higher education, and a review of studies in which data on foreign language students' perceptions of the use of e-books in their studies were obtained using empirical methods. In the conclusion, it is noted that students use e-books, that they are acquainted with their advantages and drawbacks, but that they nevertheless prefer the use of printed books for studying. Students' attitudes suggest that e-books, due to their technical characteristics, can have high applicability in foreign language learning in terms of vocabulary expansion, better comprehension, the development of reading habits and text analysis.

The goal of this paper is to study and analyze integrated teaching, its teaching and organization methods and its significance for today's elementary school teaching. Given the fact that there has been an ongoing need to include interdisciplinary knowledge (which is based on integration and synthesis) in modern primary schools, this topic then becomes very relevant and interesting for professionals of different fields. Integrated learning and understanding of the world are the basis for the development of students' intellectual abilities, necessary for the integration of different perspectives they face in education, the development of which is an imperative in the 21st century, as stated by certain experts studying this topic. Integrated teaching is an innovative model which interconnects learning content from multiple subject areas. It provides more dynamics and interdisciplinary connections in teaching a certain topic, which then brings more quality, more meaningfulness and more creativity to the teaching process. Thanks to its didactic values, integrated teaching in primary school enables the application of a developmental model of education based on students' in-depth learning, development of creativity and individual authenticity, as well as the development of their divergent thinking. This teaching and learning model prepares students for lifelong learning, since they are expected to engage in additional activities in order to build relationships which would encourage them to act and find new solutions. All the models and levels of integration that we have explained in the paper can be successfully achieved in primary school, both at the class teaching and subject teaching level. Teachers who use their didactic and methodological competencies to assume significantly altered roles (consultant, helper, facilitator, educator, etc.) are an important prerequisite for effective implementation of integrated teaching. In addition to teachers' competencies and to preparing students for active participation in learning activities, an important prerequisite for the quality and effectiveness of integrated teaching are certainly teamwork and rational use of knowledge arising from both the theoretical and empirical research of this complex system of teaching. This paper has conducted a systematic analysis of integrated teaching from the aspect of: its characteristics and significance, current state and issues that occur during the actual teaching process, and the results of previous studies. As is evident from the paper, the results of the studies presented show that the most common shortcomings of the practical use of integrated teaching are the lack of time to plan it and implement it carefully, and the insufficient methodological competence of teachers, which indicates the need for professional development in this field.

Incorporating multimedia content into the teaching process can greatly improve student learning and contribute to their motivation to master teaching content. Many types of research on the topic of efficient learning and perception of information have just contributed to the importance of this topic, that is, the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) and multimedia contents in teaching. This paper deals with theoretical analysis of the principle of the efficient use of multimedia contents in teaching and learning, which can contribute to the improvement of the teaching process and the motivation of students / learners in mastering the envisaged activities. In addition to the theoretical analysis, the paper presents the results of the empirical research, which the results of the theoretical analysis are proven and practical. The results of the empirical analysis confirmed that there is a significant impact on the application of multimedia content on the effects of modern IT teaching.

Ethics in the research with children has become a very important topic due to an increasing number of research involving children resulting in an increasing number of academic papers on this topic. Conducting social research in the field of child sexual victimization presents double vulnerability: firstly, it involves research with a vulnerable population, and secondly, the topic itself is sensitive. This raises numerous ethical questions and can result in researcher’s unwillingness to explore this particular field. The aim of this paper is to answer the question of specific ethical challenges in researching sexual victimization of children. The specific questions addressed in the paper include the following: 1) Are there any specific ethical guidelines for researching child sexual victimization, and 2) What ethical questions are specifically addressed in child sexual victimization research? The answers provided on the basis of the analysis presented in the paper are: 1) There are no specific ethical guidelines for conducting epidemiology research of child sexual victimization, and 2) It is difficult to single out ethical questions specific for this research area from available literature (only few authors are addressing specific ethical issues in this type of victimization research). Therefore, it is concluded that more attention should be focused on ethical issues in epidemiologic research of child sexual victimization.

The content of this paper is an overview of the results of some available foreign studies related to the experience of violence against women suffering from various malignancies, especially breast and gynecological cancers. The topic is both specific and complex because it considers double victimization - malignancy and violence. The idea for this review paper emerged from author’s observations during the years of her clinical and psychotherapy practice, who after 16 years of work with the population of children, adolescents and adults with malignant diseases at the Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, continued to deal with counseling and psychotherapy of adult oncology patients and their family members in private practice. This paper is intended to stimulate research on violence against women suffering from malignant diseases in Serbia. The author’s experience and observations from her daily psychotherapy practice indicate that violence, especially partner violence against women suffering from malignant diseases, both in the years before the onset of the disease and during and after the end of combined oncological treatment, is, unfortunately, rather present in Serbia. For a more comprehensive and systematic insight into this issue, it is necessary to conduct an “anonymous” national victimization survey to cover women aged 19-75 who are treated for the most common malignancies typical for women (breast and gynecological cancers) in all reference national oncology centers across Serbia.

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Copyright of Anali Pravnog Fakulteta u Beogradu is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to provide a relatively good overview of theoretical approaches of the state strength concept, which could be useful for Security studies scholars in making theoretical and methodological efforts in finding appropriate approach for their research related to state strength and relations between states. Theoretical approaches to the concept of state strength can be conditionally reduced to two basic: institutional and ideational approaches, and two alternative and yet insufficiently theoretically concluded approaches: post-colonial and taxonomy approach. The paper also presents the main advantages and disadvantages of each of these approaches, key ideas and authors, as well as the hypothesis about the behavior of weak states, which can be generated by applying these theoretical approaches.

The aim of the paper is to present researches in the field of elder abuse, with focusing on their relevance for prevention. This is done through a systematic literature review. The number of elderly people has been increasing, including the number of people who are not capable of taking care about themselves and whose situation requires increased level of care and support. The necessity of an increased level of care puts the burden on the family and society, which can result in negligence, and even abuse of elder people. Research in the field of elderly abuse are rather rare. Existing research have been using different methodologies for determining the existance of abuse, some encompass people with dementia, while the others do not; most of the studies are based on small samples and are conducted in the community. The subject of the paper is a review of the research in the field of elder abuse, and an overview of the evidences that are highlighting the need for systemic screening of the elder abuse, prevention and intervention in this area. Screening should be introduced on the level of primary health care. This should be done, primarily, through enacting of screening protocols and training of professionals for their implementation. Professionals should be trained to recognize the signs of the problem and its consequences, and to intervene in cases of negligence or abuse.

The aim of this paper is to test the quality of banking services with the Servqual model. Also, the results and conclusions of this paper can provide guidelines to banks on how to position themselves in a competitive market. The survey, conducted in the leading cities of Serbia, Montenegro and Republika Srpska, is tasked with measuring the perception of banking services, in order to assess the quality of banking services and the impact of expectations on perceived quality.

A multidisciplinary approach to scientific research is necessary in order to find answers to complex questions in the field of medical and biomedical sciences. The author of this paper is a member of and coordinates the work of a multidisciplinary team composed of medical specialists, general practitioners, molecular biologists, biochemists, physiologists, psychologists, physiotherapists, bioinformaticians, physicists, statisticians and engineers. The team has been managed a research program over the previous several years in the following areas: cardiovascular ageing, heart failure and physical activity. The aim of this review article was to present the findings of several research projects and papers published in renowned international scientific journals in the areas of: I) studying the process of cardiovascular ageing , its impact of physiological processes and interaction with physical activity, and II) improving the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure in primary and secondary health care. Overall aim of the research programme has been twofold; I) to improve general health and functional capacity of older people and patients, and II) to improve health care system and clinical practice. In addition to a brief presentation of the scientific papers and their findings, this review article will also describe ways of securing research funding and grant application procedures required for the research within the higher education system in the United Kingdom.

In the background of technological progress generations of innovation can be found. Each of them is implemented as a process in which the idea of a change is born, and only after that the change is commercialized, this leading to its adoption by a wider range of users. Therefore, innovation management is organized as a set of management activities which results in innovation, thus gaining its importance. This paper briefly presents conducted theoretical desktop research, in order to determine the character of the innovative management development. The results suggest three key stages in the development of innovation management, namely: Management of individual technological innovation, Portfolio Innovation Management and Total Innovation management. The latest findings in the field of innovation management indicate that it is necessary to revise the concept of innovation in terms of its perception as an ecosystem. The paper points out the possible ways of further research in innovation management.

This paper presents the research on information literacy level of students in Novi Sad. The survey was conducted among students of four different faculties in Novi Sad (Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management, Faculty of Philosophy, Medical Faculty, Law Faculty of Economics and Justice) and users of the Matica Srpska Library. A total of 201 students participated in the research (100 freshmen and 101 fourth year students). As the basic research method for gathering data we used survey. The questionnaire contained 10 questions. The results obtained in this research should increase interest in the concept of information literacy in higher education institutions, and highlight its importance for the entire education system. The goal of the research is to suggest introducing the new course, Basics of Information Literacy, to the undergraduate curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of this paper is to analyze the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act relating to the general rights of victims and the rights of victims of criminal offenses against sexual freedom and human trafficking. The goal was to determine the relationship between the statutory rights of the victims and their needs, as well as to analyze how the application of these rights affects the victim’s status, a sense of security and protection. Intention was to analyze whether the Act contributes to the prevention of retraumatization and revictimization of victims and if it increases confidence in the judicial system. These effects can be achieved primarily by timely informing victims about their rights, and then by providing those rights in the practice. The analysis made is based on the experience of officials from Victims and Witnesses Support Offices. The purpose of this paper is to promote the implementation of the rights that victims have according the Criminal Procedure Act in order to enable their wellbeing.

This paper provides an overview of published scientific papers in refereed journals on the use of new media in teaching geography. Relevant previous research on the application of GIS in the process of teaching at the secondary and higher education is considered from critical aspects. The main objective of this theoretical study is to systematically and chronologicaly point to the central themes that were dealt with by researchers in the context of the study of GIS in teaching geography. Research has shown that the interest of researchers for GIS in education studies is growing in line with the development of information and communication technologies, that study topics of the problem varied, and that the number of research and range of topics increases after 2000. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007]

This paper presents and analyses results deriving from the research on the attitudes of criminal investigation officers in five police departments in Serbia: Belgrade, Novi Sad, Novi Pazar, Subotica and Vranje. The case studies examined the attitudes of members of criminal investigation police and their perception(s) of discrimination towards vulnerable groups. The study aimed to determine the level of animosity exhibited in speech, to analyse socio-ethnic distance, to observe reactions towards measures designed to improve the situation of vulnerable groups, to consider the relationship among institutions regarding their responsibility for the occurrence of discrimination and its impact on the reduction of it, to discuss personal experiences of discrimination and to analyse attitudes regarding certain claims of a stereotypical character. Moreover, the paper also presents a comparative analysis of similar surveys on the perception of citizens towards discrimination that have thus far been conducted in Serbia. The results demonstrated that the police in Serbia did not exhibit a particularly discriminatory attitude towards citizens. It is important to note that the most prominent socio-ethnic distances were exhibited in relation to Roma and members of the LGBT community.

In this paper the findings of literature review and explorative empirical research of yoga application in the work with victims of various forms of sufferings is presented. The largest notion of victim is accepted, which encompasses victims of crime, victims of human rights violations (including convicted persons), as well as victims of war, natural disasters and other sufferings. After determination of the notion of victim and yoga, the review and analyses of research findings and direct experiences with the application of yoga in victim support and victimisation prevention worldwide and in Serbia, is done. The author’s research findings as well as personal experiences with the application of yoga in the work with prisoners in prison for women in Pozarevac (Serbia), within the workshops that Victimology Society of Serbia implemented during 2012/2013, are presented as well. In the conclusions, contribution of yoga to holistic approach to victim support as well as important role that yoga may have in prevention of victimisation and criminalisation, is stressed. The importance of yoga for support of prisoners as the part of preparation for re-entry and with the aim to prevent recidivism, as well as to enable their more successful reintegration into the society, is particularly emphasised. The paper is based on the research implemented by the author for the purpose of writing the final essey at the course for yoga instructors on International yoga academy, Yoga Allience of Serbia.

Copyright of Temida is the property of Victimology Society of Serbia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Precision, as a basic motor ability, represents, along with coordination, the least explored area of motorics. Insufficient research of this phenomenon is also true of basketball. Within it, we monitor displays of precision in the most specific of all conditions - during a basketball game. This paper represents a review of research concerning precision, with a brief critical overview of the mentioned phenomenon. Apart from the conclusions, which speak about precision as the basic motor capability (and have been presented as products of speculation and earlier findings), a review of empirical research related to situational precision has also been presented. These studies have been aimed at finding a connection between shot patterns and distance to target; goal visualisation; influence of skeleton dimension on precision. One of the goals of this paper is to point out the significance of precision of players at guard position, which could be a significant selection factor.

This paper deals with cruises along Corridor 7 and the tourist offer of Serbia. The purpose of the paper has been to establish how international tourists see our country during their travels across Serbia on cruises along Corridor 7. The research has been based on the interviews with international tourists who participated in land tours while cruising through Serbia. The interviews, together with the structured questionnaire, were conducted from March to November 2007 with the objectives to establish the following: the structure of the respondents according to the country of origin, gender and age structure, as well as the social and economic structure; what their motives are for cruising along Corridor 7; what is their perception of the value obtained through the tourist product and services during the Corridor 7 cruises and during their stay in Serbia (what they liked best in Serbia; if they were dissatisfied with anything in terms of the tourist offer of Serbia; to what extent their visit complemented or influenced their personal impressions of this country - what their impressions were before and after the visit). The importance of this paper, above all, is in broadening our knowledge about the adequacy of the tourist offer in Serbia in the tourism segment which is the subject of study of the paper.

The aim of this paper is to present research findings on prevalence and characteristics of cyberstalking in Serbia. A web-based questionnaire was used to collect data from a group of respondents who were recruited by snowball sampling via e-mail. A total of 237 respondents completed the online questionnaire. The aim of the first part of this paper is to determine the notion of cyberstalking as well as, to review research about the prevalence and the nature of stalking. The main results are the following: 39,6 % of respondents reported stalking; every fourth stalking victim is a victims of cyberstalking; mostly, cyberstalking victims were female and perpetrators were male. Victims were stalked by: persistent sending of unwanted e-mails and telephone calls, spreading rumors, abusive and negative comments and threats, encouraged other users to harass, threaten or insult, manipulating with victim's personal data, sending malicious programs and files, etc. In Serbia, cyberstalking is not criminalized yet and there are no organizations to whom victims may appeal and ask for help. We are hoping that this research will raise the awareness on cyberstalking and serve as a base for further research and legal reforms regarding cyberstalking victimization in Serbia.

Research of attachment is numerous and versatile. They differ according to problems addressed, methodology applied (longitudinal studies, studies with horizontal designs, different instruments used, different methods of data analysis), and characteristics of samples involved (concerning age socio/economic status, family ecology). The research is commonly relied on the core assumptions of the theory itself, and the shared characteristic is orientation to explore complex phenomena of human experience and functioning. From the vast variety of research only those who most directly test the basic assumptions of the attachment theory are focused and addressed in the paper: representation of patterns of attachment in the childhood and adulthood, stability and change of attachment security from infancy to early adulthood, transgenerational transmission of attachment characteristics, the place and the role of attachment behavioral system in the personality development. The aim of the paper is to highlight the basic research and theory issues and directions, and illustrate them with concrete research date.

Over the past decades, development of engineering sciences has vastly contributed to advancements in medicine by production of numerous devices for diagnostics and treatment. In the middle of the 20th century, a new scientific field, biomedical engineering (BE), was established, which has developed into an extremely complex scientific discipline requiring a distinctive educational profile. Various study programs in BE have been established at universities around the world but also at several universities in Serbia. Also, intensive research in this field is performed at several scientific institutions in Serbia. In the present paper, short summaries of the research results of several groups of engineers and medical doctors are presented as an illustration of the wide field of BE research and possibilities of its application in diagnosis and therapy of various diseases.

Research on sexual victimization of university students particularly intensified during the 1980s. They suggest that students, especially female students, are one of the categories that are at special risk of being victimized by various forms of sexual violence during their studies. Research on sexual violence at universities in Serbia is rare, so this phenomenon is still under- researched. This paper aims to provide an overview of the results of previous research on the prevalence and structure of sexual violence against university students, groups of students at particular risk of victimization with sexual violence at the universities and the consequences of sexual violence against students at the universities in the world and in Serbia. Previous research suggested large differences in the prevalence of this form of victimization, which is a direct consequence of the application of different methodological approaches. University students are more often exposed to sexual harassment, verbal or nonverbal, as well as to harassment through physical contact or through social media, and less often to more severe forms of violence, such as rape or attempted rape. The groups that are at particular risk from sexual victimization at the universities include women, persons of different sexual orientation than heterosexual, those at the beginning of the study, as well as students who consume alcohol and/or drugs and whose material status is poor or constantly oscillates. Sexual violence leaves numerous consequences for victims, especially psychological ones, but it also negatively affects the continuation of schooling and academic achievement, so it is necessary to develop policies and mechanisms for timely recognition of victimization and providing support to victims.

Motivation and employee satisfaction are very important precondition for the effectiveness of work and the achievement of set goals for individuals and organizations. Consequently, continuous measurement of employee motivation and satisfaction is essential to improve company's efficiency and improve human resource use. The results of a well-planned, detailed and adequate methods and techniques of research on employee motivation and satisfaction can be applied to the design of various schemes in order to reduce absenteeism and employee turnover and overall business success. In this paper, the emphasis is on the methodology of researching employee motivation and satisfaction. In addition to the elaboration of questionnaires with scales for measuring the motivation and satisfaction of employees, it is explained in which situations, in which types of questions and answers, respectively, types of data, and how certain statistical techniques are applied, such as: T-test, One-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square test, Point-two-series correlations. Also, the importance of using the subsequent post hoc test (LSD comparison) in the analysis of variance, as well as the indicators of correlation, the strength of the impact, such as: phi correlation coefficient, Kramer's coefficient and contingency coefficient, is pointed out in the Chi-square test. In addition to the mentioned techniques and indicators from SPSS, the role of certain indicators (eta squared and coefficient of determination) is calculated, which are calculated using data from research results and with the help of certain formulas

In Spanish language didactics in the world is present the the application of film as a didactic resource. In the paper is analyzed the application of film as a didactic resource in teaching Spanish. The purpose of research is to see the actual state of film application at public and private universities in Serbia, as well as attitudes of teachers towards film as a didactic resource. The research was conducted with the help of questionnaire which questioned the attitude of teachers towards the film application in Spanish language teaching. Obtained results point out at the fact that film is not used enough in Serbia, as well that do not exist its systematical application, that there is no difference between public and private educational system although teachers have positive attitude towards film application in Spanish language teaching. On the basis of the research it can be concluded that there is ground for systematical implementation of film in teaching process. Also, guidelines are suggested in order to develop support to film application in order to promote Spanish language teaching process in Serbia.

This paper aims at presenting findings of the research that aimed at exploring the frequency of abuse targeting older persons, frequency of individual types of elder abuse, as well as the frequency of elder abuse targeting two different types of older persons. The research took place in 2016 in 9 Serbian municipalities and was designed as a cross-section study. It was conducted on a sample of 616 older persons of whom 58.1% (358) are socially less active and have some kind of support in daily life activities and 41.9% (258) are active in their communities and are socially included. The starting assumption of the research is that the frequency of elder abuse is more often in socially excluded persons than it is in socially included and more active ones. The research confirmed the correlation between the level of social activity and the risk of elder abuse and this correlation can be clearly explained by exploring other protective factors and risk factors such as income and education level or chronic diseases and disability.

This paper is based on research into the representation of modern Information Technology using the 5G network, which gives us great technological opportunities in the automotive industry. The Internet of Things (IoT) gives us great opportunities for smart cities, namely, smart streets that are driven by technologically advanced new generation cars equipped with smart vehicle control devices suitable for all traffic conditions, ranging from heavy traffic jams to various weather conditions. 5G is literally driving innovation, as 5G is an important technology for the automotive industry. With 5G we get better coverage, higher capacity, lower latencies (wait times) and much higher data rates. This will allow your car not only to use Spotifi (a free music streaming and playback app) for the long haul, but will also improve the ride itself, gathering information from other cars, pedestrians, traffic lights and even the road itself. It is run by a cloud-based computer (thousands of computers in particular) that calculates and adjusts our vehicle every millisecond (current situation). The self-contained "intelligence" of our car from our own computer will be present as a backup in case we lose our internet connection or play an ancillary role in managing the vehicle. Even without the internet, 5G communication between cars and cars, roads and pedestrians would play an important role in safely switching from A to B.

The subject of this paper is violence against women in the period of separation and after the partners’ divorce/separation. Leaving a violent partner can be a risk factor for the continuation or emergence of violence, the primary motive being the male partner’s desire to maintain control over his female partner. Experts May perceive pre-existing violence as a problem of an ended relationship, or consider that women raise this issue, and even play it up because they are emotionally hurt or trying to gain an advantage in court. The root of violence is misinterpreted, as a response to a stressful divorce situation, ranging from the man’s anger and deprivation due to separation, as a passing “incident”, to mutual partner violence. The purpose of our research, which is of exploratory character, is to look at the situation and the behaviour of experts from the two services - the Welfare Center and the Court - in the context of the described problem. A qualitative approach was applied, i.e. documentation relative to 62 court cases has been analyzed, with a special focus on cases (25) in which the lawsuit for domestic violence protection measures was filed after the divorce/ separation of the partner, after the procedures of determining custody of children were completed. The analysis revealed that in nearly all the examined cases (96,8%) it was the woman who sought protection measures to be imposed. Most of the women (80,6%) had been exposed to physical violence and frequent threats, whereas all of them had suffered diverse forms of psychological violence. In nearly all of those cases (95,2%) the children had witnessed their fathers’ violent behaviour towards their mothers, and were often direct victims of manipulation against their mothers; or the women had received threats involving their children. The analysis has detected two types of situations with several variations. The first type relates to situations where violence was present during the marriage, sometimes from the very beginning, and continued after the partners’ separation/ divorce, while the second type relates to cases where violence was predominantly connected to the context of visitation and maintaining contact between the child and the parent who was not granted custody. It has been shown that the complexity of the phenomena and situations, coupled with the lack of clear and practical information on the process and content of assessments, pose serious challenges and responsibilities to experts. Bearing in mind that the principle of the protection of the victim’s safety is primary and guiding all expert procedures, it would be necessary to improve the understanding of the difference between conflict and violence, the impact of coercive control and abuse, including the abuse of children in this context, when assessing and deciding on protection measures and determining the visitation model between the children and the parent who was not entrusted with custody, so as to guarantee the protection and welfare of both women and children.

This paper shows the importance and representation of studying the production and service management in the field of higher education at faculties and higher education institutions in the Republic of Serbia, based on the results of research on the representation of the study of this subject area. The research was carried out on the database of subjects (subjects card) as well as into the 'books' of these subjects of higher education institutions in the Republic of Serbia. The survey sample includes 22 faculties and 23 higher education institutions which founder is the Republic of Serbia. Improving company competitiveness stems from the application of modern production and service management. By educating students, Higher education institutions can make a significant contribution to modern production and service management.

The aim of the paper is to present the results of the research in which we examined the professional integration and advancement of women employed in the Police Directorate for the City of Belgrade. The problem of integration and advancement of women in the Serbian police was investigated at the Police Directorate of the City of Belgrade, Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Serbia, in the period from 2016 to 2017, by using a qualitative and quantitative methodology. The results showed that there are objective circumstances that stop women at a certain stage of career promotion, which have origins and a multi-level stronghold, emphasized at the social level influenced by patriarchal relationships. The results suggest that circumstances of a formal and informal nature are aggravating and that they fundamentally confirm theories of gender inequality in the masculine professions, such as the police profession. In police services, in Serbia, women still constitute a minority that is covertly discriminated against and publicly segregated on the sidelines of the profession.

Scientific research is the first step in preparing for master's thesis and doctoral dissertations. It is associated with the orientation of students and preferences that have been shown during basic studies, as well as the sense of doing scientific work. In addition to the methodology of scientific research and the field of master's thesis or dissertation, students should be familiar with both research techniques, fieldwork, and to acquire the necessary skills that will enable them to have extensive professional employment opportunities after the master's or dissertation completed. In this regard, it should be pointed out that the importance of scientific research is not measurable, not only for the preparation and writing of master papers and dissertations, but for further professional engagement.

Qualitative methods have an increasing importance and are increasingly used as one of the tools used to manage all types of organizations. The application of these methods brings significant advantages in conducting research. This paper presents an overview of the application of qualitative methods in management and the importance of using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in the research.

The evolution of human communication initiated by direct non-verbal and sign communication, along with the occurrence of language is transformed into verbal communication so that nowadays, with the development of information communication technologies (ICT), the extent of the application of indirect communication is increased, bringing completely new ways of communication. Modern communication based on ICT has changed the way of communication and has brought numerous benefits for participants of the communication process in several aspects of communication (mass availability, development time, speed of communication, possibilities of combining different multimedia forms, ease of communication, etc.), also including some negative effects in various aspects of communication (protection of privacy, simplification of linguistic content, alienation of people, etc.). As the young population uses modern forms of communication the most, it is meaningful to organize systematic research on the subject mentioned. In this regard, this paper presents the projected methodology for researching contemporary interpersonal communication among young people, with the target population selected from college and secondary school students.

This paper, using descriptive analytic method, considers possible structure of pupil's and teacher's activity in project based model in Science teaching. Leaning on Meyer's structural model of methodic action, author suggests structuring project activities in four stages: preparation stage, procedural stage, process stage, and reflective stage. Accordingly, function of each stage is explained, with special emphasis on the search - a three stage cycle in which pupils explore materials, ideas, or situations thus encouraging them to work on projects and formulate driving questions, research problems, which are basis for further activity. In conclusion, it is ascertained that the given structure of activities should help pupils in adopting and understanding research procedures, and teachers in perfecting ability of planning, organizing, and conducting a project.

This paper aims to present results of the survey on sexual harassment of students of the Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade. It starts with presenting and discussing different definitions of the term ‘sexual harassment’. Afterwards, a brief overview of available surveys on this subject is provided. Results of the surveys completed so far show that this kind of students’ victimization in educational institutions is frequent in all parts of the world, regardless of the economic, ethnic and religious grounds. The aim of the survey conducted at the Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation (FASPER) was to identify the prevalence and characteristics of sexual harassment among undergraduate students, as well as possible forms of assistance and support to students who experience sexual harassment. A survey was conducted by the students of FASPER during April and May 2014 on a sample of 147 students of all four years of undergraduate studies. For data collection a victimization survey was used. The survey results suggested that sexual harassment of students of FASPER is prevalent, while it only manifests itself in a form of verbal harassment with a sexual connotation. Female students are more exposed to harassment than male students, but we need to interpret this finding with a caution due to the fact that a sample was mostly consisted of female respondents. According to the students’ opinion, possible solutions for preventing and eliminating sexual harassment of students of FASPER are education of students and employees, adoption of rules for protection of students from this kind of victimization and establishment of support service for students who experience victimization by sexual harassment.

This paper presents a three dimensional array of contemporary challenges and opportunities for language and literacy researchers and educators. The challenges and opportunities result from dynamic human migration, widespread use of mobile digital technology, and the development of the internet. Recent publications are discussed that exemplify the challenges and opportunities. Particular attention is given to spaces as local contexts for language and literacy learning. Focusing discussion upon the challenges and opportunities is one way of building knowledge about how people use modes of communication to develop, use, and learn language and literacies.