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Background and Objectives: Knowledge of the optical and thermal human tissues properties is essential for optimizing laser therapy and optical diagnostics. Most studies are carried out at room temperature of the sample. At the same time, it is known that the optical properties of biological tissues depend on temperature even in the physiological temperature range, that is, in the range of normal functioning of the body. Accordingly, there is a possibility that the use of literature data will lead to an incorrect assessment of the conditions for the propagation of light through biological tissue in a living object. Incorrect data on the optical properties of biological tissues at physiological temperature can lead to unreliable results in medical optical diagnostics or therapy. Therefore, studies of the temperature dependences of the optical properties of biological objects are undoubtedly topical. This work shows the differences in the optical properties of rat muscle tissue before and after heating the samples to physiological temperature. Materials and Methods: The spectra of collimated transmission, total transmission and diffuse reflection of rat muscle tissue were recorded. The spectra were recorded at 25°C (room temperature) and 38–39°C (physiological temperature). For each measured point of the sample, the spectral dependences of the absorption coefficients, transport scattering coefficient, and anisotropy factor of the studied samples were calculated. Results and conclusion: It has been shown that the optical properties of muscle tissue differ for room and physiological temperatures. In this case, the absorption and scattering coefficients practically do not change. The main parameter that changes with temperature is the anisotropy factor. This change also leads to a change in the transport scattering coefficient.

In this paper, we study the issue of boundary control of the temperature field of a rod with a selected point. The main purpose of the work is to clarify the conditions for the existence of a boundary control that ensures the transition of the temperature field from the initial state to the final state. Relations connecting the boundary controls with the initial and final states, as well as with the external temperature field are found. Such boundary controls, generally speaking, constitute an infinite set. For an unambiguous choice of the boundary control, a strictly convex objective functional is chosen. We are looking for a boundary control that minimizes the selected target functional. To do this, we first investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the initial boundary value problem and the conjugate problem. And also, we present the derivation of a system of linear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, which are satisfied by an optimal boundary control that minimizes a strictly convex target functional on a convex set. Along the way, the linear part of the increment of the target functional is highlighted. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the minimum of a smooth convex functional on a convex set are established. The difference between the results of this work and the available ones is that in the proposed work, the temperature field is given by the heat conduction equation with a loaded term. As a result, the conjugate problem has a slightly different domain of definition than the domain of the conjugate problem in the case of no load.