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The article examines two opposite trends observed in the organizational design of modern high-tech enterprises. On the one hand producers of high-tech products tend to unite overwhelming majority of the value chain links inside the companies and become vertically integrated business units, on the other hand, a lot of market leaders move away from rigid internal integration and choose more flexible business models. Thus, there is a need of understanding the factors determining the choice of particular models of integration, as well as the risks and restrictions associated with their implementation. The article explores the international experience of vertically integrated and modular structures, discusses pros and cons of their use for companies’ development.

The object of attention in the article is the profitability and efficiency of the banks in Republic of Bulgaria. The subject of the development focuses onto the influence of the credit institutions size upon their financial results. The objective of this study is to either to reveal that there are sufficient grounds to believe that the effect of the scale renders its influence upon the profitability and efficiency indicators or such a dependency can hardly be found. This study comprises observations about the processes in the banking sector of the country for the period 2007–2016. A coefficient analysis was employed, using a system of indicators suitably selected to this end. Certain dependency between the size of the banks in Bulgaria and the values of these financial indicators was established on the basis of the analysis of the real empirical data. It was concluded that utilizing the scale effect influence the large credit institutions manage to derive certain advantages in comparison to the smaller in size banks. The idea that by means of further consolidation of the banking sector of the country its efficiency can be increased, was substantiated.

The article deals with the characteristics of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. A new periodization of the four industrial revolutions is given; the differences between them in terms of the impact on the labor market are considered. The concepts of Malthusian and neo-Malthusian traps are introduced, the fundamental differences between them and the ways out of them are discussed. The author shows that the main element of the civilizational cognitive dissonance of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is the devaluation of labor as such, including mental work. The value of digital platforms for strengthening the role of trade in comparison with production is estimated; as the author argues, this process is due to the nature of production, which is local, and nature of trade, which is global. The thesis is substantiated, according to which the scale effect acquires the features of technological marginality, shifting to the beginning and the end of the product life cycle. The quantitative, qualitative and auxiliary cerebral differences between people are considered. The author justifies that under new conditions the existing biological inequality will aggravate the growth of social inequality. At the same time, gender differences in the professional sphere will be more and more leveled. The possible disruption of Arrighi cycles due to that United States will either remain as a center of capital or United Europe becomes the new center; China is losing its advantages associated with labor reserves in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

Рассмотрен метод прогноза прочностных характеристик и их масштабного эффекта в трещиноватом горном массиве с помощью численного моделирования методом конечных элементов в программном комплексе ABAQUS. Показаны преимущества такого подхода для решения поставленной задачи по определению механических характеристик трещиноватого горного массива, основные этапы создания численной геомеханической модели горного массива и проведения численного эксперимента. Приведены зависимости напряжений от деформаций при нагружении численной модели, угла наклона основной системы трещиноватости от величины прочности на одноосное и двухосное сжатия, размера рассматриваемого образца трещиноватого горного массива от величины прочности на двухосное сжатие применительно к условиям месторождения апатит-нефелиновых руд Плато Расвумчорр ОАО Апатит в Кировском районе Мурманской области.Проведено численное моделирование испытаний блоков горной породы по контакту на сдвиг на основе реального эксперимента с использованием нелинейного критерия прочности по контакту взаимодействия между блоками горной породы Бартона Бандиса. Выполнено сопоставление результатов численного эксперимента с данными натурных и лабораторных исследований. Полученные результаты расчетов показывают их качественное совпадение с результатами проведенных лабораторных экспериментов по испытанию трещиноватого горного массива., The article examines a method of forecasting strength properties and their scale effect in fissured rock mass using computational modelling with final elements method in ABAQUS software. It shows advantages of this approach for solving tasks of determining mechanical properties of fissured rock mass, main stages of creating computational geomechanic model of rock mass and conducting a numerical experiment. The article presents connections between deformation during loading of numerical model, inclination angle of main fracture system from uniaxial and biaxial compression strength value, size of the sample of fissured rock mass and biaxial compression strength value under conditions of apatite-nepheline rock deposit at Plateau Rasvumchorr OAO Apatit in Kirovsky region of Murmanskaya oblast.We have conducted computational modelling of rock mass blocks testing in discontinuities based on real experiment using non-linear shear strength criterion of Barton Bandis and compared results of computational experiments with data from field studies and laboratory tests. The calculation results have a high-quality match to laboratory results when testing fissured rock mass samples., №1 (223) (2017)

на сегодняшний день среди большого разнообразия экономических благ можно выделить сетевые. В рамках разных рыночных структур реализуются разные их виды. Автором в данной статье рассматриваются виды благ и в каких структурах чаще всего встречаются., Today there is a possibility to select a network among a wide variety of economic benefits. Within the framework of different market structures their various kinds are implemented. The author of this article discusses the types of goods and public structures that are most often found.