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Introduction. The article discusses the conceptual foundations of a new field of knowledge – cognitive securitology. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the main means of cognitive warfare are modern digital technologies, while the object of influence of technical systems is mental systems, therefore there is a need to combine technical and humanitarian conceptual apparatus. The purpose of the article is to clarify the concept of “cognitive space” and distinguish between the concepts of information and cognitive spaces. Methodology and sources. One of the basic concepts of cognitive security is the concept of cognitive space, which has already been developed in linguistics, but due to the interdisciplinary nature of cognitive securitology needs to be clarified. Placing the category of cognitive space in the field of linguistic analysis narrows its content and does not make it possible to determine its semantic boundaries. The novelty of the analysis of the category “cognitive space” lies in the fact that the conceptual analysis of the category of cognitive space is based on the concept of self-organizing systems and the structural-functional approach. The concept of autopoiesis assumes that all elements and structures of the system, including cognitive ones, arise in order to ensure self-preservation, and the structural-functional approach allows us to determine the content and functions of the object. Results and discussion. Information space and cognitive space are intersecting but not coinciding fields, differing in their domains, but having one common task – ensuring the stability of the social system. Conclusion. The modern era is characterized by a global confrontation between civilizational systems and the transition of the confrontation into the phase of proxy wars, in which the main role is given to cognitive-psychological influence. Cognitive-psychological influence on the enemy is not only carried out at the preventive and preemptive stages of confrontation, but also often replaces other forms of war. Cognitive-psychological influence becomes possible and is carried out through the destruction of the cognitive space in which meanings and ideals that are specific to the social system function, which form goals and models of activity.

The relevance of the research is related to the need to substantiate the specifics of reproduction of the educational potential of workforce as a key resource that ensures generation of new knowledge, its successful implementation into practice, and innovative development of domestic enterprises. The purpose of the article is to identify and analyse modern conditions for the reproduction of the educational potential of the workforce. The research methodology is based on the use of an integrated and systematic approach to determining them, comparative and statistical methods of analysis. As conditions for the formation of the educational potential in the post-industrial era, the article considers: demographic conditions, globalisation, formation of a unified information space, and digitalisation of the economy, increasing demand for skilled labour, accelerated development of the service sector, and increase in labour migration. The results of the analysis show that in Russia, the reproduction of the educational potential is hampered as a result of the demographic crisis manifested in the continuation of the trend towards natural population decline and an increase in the number of people of retirement age; increase in the scale of external migration of skilled labour; average level of Internet accessibility to the population, and, as a result, insufficient formation of its digital skills. Attention is focused on the growing need of the national economy for personnel with a high educational and qualification level, digital skills, and information culture due to the formation of a unified information space and digitalisation of the economy, accelerated development of the service sector, globalisation, and the increasing role of universities in shaping the general culture of the population. The prospects for further research are to develop an organisational and economic mechanism for reproducing the educational potential of the workforce.

The article is devoted to the issues of transformation of authorship and subjectivity, which is observed in the modern information space. The concept of “death of the author”, developed in the 20th century philosophers of postmodernism (W. Benjamin, J. Derrida, R. Barthes, M. Foucault), is interpreted as one of the cultural and philosophical foundations of the culture of artificial intelligence (AI). It is noted that AI has a significant impact on the modern information space, reinforcing in it the tendencies of anonymity and lack of subjectivity. Using methods of analysis, synthesis, observation, description, interpretation and others, the phenomena of “death of the author” in the modern information space, both directly related to AI and not, are considered. The lack of indication of authors of media publications, concealment of authorship in social networks, the phenomenon of reposting, scientific plagiarism, the game of writers with pseudonyms and other phenomena are considered as modern manifestations of the transformation of authorship. Attention is drawn to the increase in the number of authors, the removal of the opposition between authors and addressees. Feeling like a component of a formed cultural space, a person does not consider it necessary to highlight his authorship, believing himself to simply transmit existing meanings; this is similar to the non-author’s translation of the meanings of human culture by neural networks. It is concluded that AI, as an active subject that generates content on the Internet, but does not claim authorship, influences the assessment of its own authorship by other subjects of the information space and their attitude towards authorship.

The important place of language resources in the modern information industry is emphasized. Provides an overview of the international language resource infrastructure, including collections, repositories, and archives of language resources. International organizations active in this area, especially in the field of standardization, are listed. The history of the development of metadata for language resources is outlined. The main categories of language resources are briefly characterized. The activities of the open linguistic open data community are described as a perspective and main direction for the development of language resources.

The article discusses the current problems of transformation of existing district heating systems for the CIS countries within the framework of the development of trends in the integration of energy sectors, increasing the consumption of renewable energy resources, “decarbonizing” industry and digitalization of the economy. The experience of Western European countries in terms of the transition to “4th and 5th generation” district heating systems is considered. The technical aspects of the creation of hybrid control systems are analyzed, generalized structural technological schemes of hybrid district heating systems and the main measures, the implementation of which is necessary during their transition to the state of a new generation of district heating systems, are introduced. It is noted that the hybridity of the district heating system implies the presence of regenerative properties in terms of the production of energy carriers for use in adjacent systems, in particular hydrogen. In turn, the flexibility of the district heating system is largely realized via the development of accumulative properties, which leads to the invariance of the use of available energy storage technologies. It is argued that, despite the constantly decreasing costs of creating and operating an electric power storage system, thermal energy storage systems remain a priority in heat supply, especially when using renewable energy sources. The issue of using electricity in district heating systems as an excess resource of integrated energy systems within the framework of equalizing the daily and seasonal schedule of energy consumption is also considered. Also, a diagram is presented reflecting the technical solutions in terms of the equipment used to implement the “electricity – heat” technology. The problem of management of heat supply systems of a new generation is discussed. It is indicated that in order to ensure the required maneuverable properties of heat supply systems, it is necessary to develop and apply new methods of planning and managing heat supply systems, excluding a single-purpose approach in the organization of hybrid systems, which manifests a synergistic effect with new possibilities for finding optimal solutions aimed at reducing fuel consumption. The need to create an intersystem information space, which would include the creation of intelligent process control systems based on the analysis of large amounts of data, is demonstrated. It is noted that the main goal of operational management of hybrid thermal networks is to achieve a dynamic balance between the required value of the thermal load of consumers, the production of thermal energy and the volume of accumulation. The use of hybrid systems in heat supply makes it possible to solve the multifunctional task of increasing the reliability of energy supply and the stability of the functioning of the energy system, which is primarily achieved by solving the problem of balancing production and energy consumption capacities from the point of alignment of generation and energy consumption schedules. A separate consideration of the prospects for the use of hybrid district heating systems in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus is highlighted. The need for additional research to adapt known and develop new technical solutions within the framework of the transition of district heating systems to a new quality is shown.

Under global challenges, the Russian state looks for ways to develop the national intellectual potential as a guarantee of technological sovereignty and country’s competitiveness. National research universities are supported, grant mechanisms for research activities are implemented, and programs for attracting and promoting young scientists are adopted. However, some objective indicators show persistent problems in the academic sphere: the number of research staff declines; “brain drain” continues; the number of graduate students and people who defended the thesis is not enough to solve the key problems of the state. The article considers social representations of the prestige of the scientific profession and the image of the scientist as factors that have a negative impact on human resources in the academic field. The research consisted of two stages: 1) 21 focus groups in 7 large Russian cities to identify the prestige of the scientific profession among three generations; 2) 207 interviews with students of Moscow universities (as the main source of personnel for scientific activities) to get a more detailed understanding of the image of the scientist. According to the results of the study, none of three Russian generations consider the profession of the scientist prestigious (inferior to politicians, businessmen, artists, bloggers, and IT specialists). The youth feel social injustice more acutely: they note the exceptional importance of scientists for national development, outstanding intelligence and complexity of this profession, but consider scientists an undervalued and low-income group. The image of the scientist is extremely distanced from the youth and is not an attractive vector of social mobility. One of the key reasons for the current situation is the absence of scientists in the Russian information space. Neither on television, nor in cinema or on social networks the image of the scientist is attractive to younger generations. If efforts are not made to eliminate this contradiction, the shortage of personnel in science will worsen, which would jeopardize the implementation of Russia’s national development plan.

The effective lending activity of the bank depends on the qualitative assessment of the creditworthiness of borrowers. This process determines not only the success of an individual banking operation, but also the entire credit policy of the bank. Modern banks use different approaches to creditworthiness analysis, because each loan agreement has its own specifics. The article summarizes and forms the main elements of the bank’s risk management system, substantiates the significant impact of such factors as the use of the latest technologies, stress management, and the culture of risk management. It is determined that the main and additional elements of the risk management system should take into account the features of the organizational and financial structure of each bank. In order to improve the methodologies for assessing the risks of banking activities on the basis of modeling methods and machine learning, the article proposes a conceptual model for assessing the credit risk of a commercial bank, which allows to implement the following stages: to form an information space for such an assessment and to carry out a scoring assessment of the creditworthiness of borrowers. As a result of the implementation of the first stage of the study, a set of observation objects is formed, assessed using a set of indicators; a binary characteristic of the client’s creditworthiness has been determined, which in turn determines the sign of the client’s attractiveness for lending. On the basis of the aggregate of selected factors, a comprehensive scoring model for assessing the borrower’s creditworthiness has been implemented, which allows to determine the rules for categorizing variables. A logistic regression has been constructed by the method of step-by-step exclusion and its significance has been assessed. Each client is assigned a score using a scoring card, on the basis of which a credit rating forecast for new borrowers is also calculated. The results of the research can be used by banks to improve the risk management system, as well as help banks to increase their efficiency and competitiveness.

Acquiring current sociological information on the features of representing the image of the future in print media is a task that has been highlighted in the context of the integration and consolidation of Russian society in a hybrid reality. Drawing upon theories of the information society and communicative action, the authors examine the information and communicative sphere as determinants in constructing trends in social and political processes, with the media serving as a crucial institution for shaping public opinion. Methods and Empirical Basis: The empirical study was conducted using quantitative and qualitative content analysis and critical discourse analysis of publications in three leading print media outlets during the years 2013-2014 and 20222023. The total sample consisted of 521 articles, with a selected sample of 174 articles published in periodicals such as “Moskovsky Komsomolets”, “Rossiyskaya Gazeta”, “Komsomolskaya Pravda,” and “Novaya Gazeta”. Results and Discussion: It was found that the construction of the image of future Russia is based on two groups of factors – internal (social policy, human capital, traditions, economic development, environmental preservation) and external (Russia’s confrontation, multipolar world). The emotional tone of articles from 2013 to 2023 has acquired more negative connotation; the number of articles containing long-term forecasts has decreased due to the implementation of Special Military Operations (SMO). Dominant discourses that construct the image of future Russia and are most actively propagated in the media were described: the “Russia - Eurasian Colossus” discourse, the breakthrough and overcoming discourse, the “besieged fortress” discourse, the discourse of justice, and the discourse of cancellation. In the future, the Russian Federation is presented as a Eurasian integrator based on cultural traditions, historical heritage, and ideological imperatives of a highly consolidated society. It is portrayed as a future leader in technological development, an economy based on import substitution and breakthrough production capacities, the advancement of science and innovation, effective educational and youth policies. Positive representations of the future create images of Russia as a saviour, a leader of a just world order, which is reflected in articles dedicated to the new multipolar world order. The “besieged fortress” and the discourse of cancellation construct both negative images of the country, incapable of responding to contemporary challenges and overcoming socio-economic development risks, as well as positive images where society and authority establish effective strategies to resist threats and external circumstances.

The study is devoted to the description of the linguopragmatic potential of media texts in the context of the informational and psychological impact on the individual and collective addressee of mass information broadcasting. As the key modern form of text existence in the information space, a media text contains not only verbal elements that influence the audience through either spoken or written words, but also non-verbal ones, introduced through video, picture and various sound means other than speech. The combined combination of communicative means of linguistic and non-linguistic nature enhances the information-psychological impact on the audience by achieving a synergistic effect. Due to the fact that with the complex use of verbal and non-verbal means, the media text acquires such essential characteristics as polycode and multimodality, its analysis should take into account not only the linguistic proper, but also the extralinguistic aspects of communication. Modern media text has a complex communicative structure that combines a text, hypertext, dynamic (static) image and sound, and provides a non-linear, multi-channel, multi-layered and multidimensional perception of the embedded conceptual and stylistic meanings. The aim of the study is to analyze linguopragmatic characteristics of a media text as the primary form of the informational and psychological impact realization in the modern mass media discourse. Descriptive, synchronic, diachronic and functional methods of research, as well as methods of contextual and communicative-pragmatic analysis have been employed. As to the material, the study is based on the analysis of theoretical works by Russian and foreign linguists for the past 30 years. The authors concluded that the information-psychological impact is enhanced by the use of PR and advertising techniques in the media text and is largely based on their application.

The article discusses the current problems of media consumption caused by the development of digital technologies, the media market and Internet communications. Using statistical and logical research methods, the article defines the features of media consumption and identifies factors influencing the perception of information by different age audiences. The theory of generations explains the heterogeneous process of information perception among audiences of different age groups, contributes to the establishment of effective communication. It has been concluded that representatives of the media business could create more in-demand information products that meet the needs of the audience of digital media resources based on the study of the value orientations of generations.

The publication considers the main features of the formation of the information space of the present day, considers the features of information services and trends in the development of the IT market. The global information technology market is characterized by a high level of competition, which encourages IT companies operating in this market to use all available marketing means in order to withstand the constantly growing competition. In the context of activities in the global information technology market, effective marketing communication activities are of major importance, which is the key to ensuring the competitiveness of an IT company for successful operation in this highly competitive market. It is specified that the IT market is one of the elements of the formation of a modern high-tech market in Ukraine. In a broad sense, IT covers all areas of transfer, storage and perception of information. At this, IT is often associated with computer technology, and this is no coincidence: the advent of computers has brought IT to a new level. Further on, the basis of IT is the technology of processing, storing and perceiving information. The main trends in the development of the IT market have been identified, which include: competence (Ukraine has highly qualified specialists in the field of programming, software testing, data analysis and other related fields); competitiveness (Ukrainian IT companies provide quality services at more reasonable prices compared to developed countries of the West); speed of development (the IT industry in Ukraine is developing rapidly and growing, which makes it possible to be on the way to technological leadership); the presence of a startup ecosystem (Ukraine has an active startup ecosystem that promotes the creation and development of young technology companies); geographical location (Ukraine is in a convenient geographical position for cooperation with Europe and the United States, which makes it easy to enter the world market). It is concluded that one of the key factors for success is to ensure a favorable business climate in Ukraine, which depends on government policy, legislation and infrastructure.

The article is devoted to topical issues of family socio-cultural values in the information space. The article presents the characteristics and interpretation of a family in the media, the functioning of which takes place on the basis of social ties. Currently, the media are actively broadcasting in the society new forms and models of behavior of a modern family, which largely erode the traditional socio-cultural values of the family institution. The relevance of the research is due to the emergence of a serious scientific interest in the problems of transformation of family values at the present stage. The purpose of the article is to study the process of forming the image of a modern family in the media. To achieve this goal, you must complete the following tasks: - to analyze the concept of the socio-cultural values of a family; - to determine the basic forms and methods of a family image representation in the media; - to identify the degree of influence of the media on ideas about a modern family. The subject of the research is the process of forming the socio-cultural values of a family at the present stage. The practical significance of the article lies in the use of provisions and conclusions in the process of communication between representatives of various social groups and cultures. The methodological basis of the article was a systematic approach, as well as methods of comparison and observation.

University campuses are multifunctional complexes comprising academic, residential, cultural and leisure facilities and public spaces. They fully reflect modern trends in shaping the architectural environment of cities. It is in universities that distance and network learning technologies have been tested in recent years, which inevitably affects the concepts of ‘place’ and ‘time’ in their organisation. In this article, the ‘artificial’ architectural environment is understood as an environment which is created simultaneously under the influence of realistic requirements for the organization of spatial environment and virtual commitments to creating a common information space.

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In a scientifc study conducted by teachers of the Department of Journalism and Media Communications of the Faculty of Social Technologies of the RANEPA, the importance of the frst Russian newspaper Vedomosti as a means of reflecting the main directions of the domestic and foreign policy of the Russian state was determined and the degree of its influence on the processes of public administration in Russia in the frst quarter of the XVIII century was revealed. To achieve the purpose of the study, an analysis of the content of all issues of Vedomosti for 1703–1727 was carried out, which made it possible to determine the functional tasks of this publication for the formation of public opinion, propaganda among the social elite of the need for political, social, economic and cultural transformations in the country, including in the feld of public service and public administration. Since the era of Peter the Great, the formation of the information space of Russia began, which had a direct impact on the processes of public administration, on the development of the public administration’s system and on the creation of mechanisms for the state personnel policy of Russia. It is known that the editor of a number of issues of Vedomosti and the author of some articles was Peter I, which made the newspaper a state media outlet. The experience of publishing Peter’s Vedomosti has shown how important not only the informational, but also the agitation and propaganda function is for the state media of modern Russia.

Within the framework of any theoretical study, the key issue is the conceptual and terminological apparatus. However, the problems of information policy are not only theoretical, but primarily practical. Information policy has ceased to be the concern of journalists and officials. Securitization — considering information policy issues in the context of national security issues — is not only a Russian, but a global imperative.

New economic conditions in the context of the information and technological revolution led to an increase in the role and importance of intangible factors of production, in particular information and knowledge resources. Transformational processes that covered all aspects of society, turned it from industrial one to post-industrial service-information (network-based) one with the appropriate type of economy. All this, in turn, determines that the dominant tendency of the contemporary world economic development is the formation of a network economy, which leads to radical transformations of various spheres of economic activity. In view of this, the study is aimed at the theoretically summarizing and systematizing the exitant conceptual approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «network economy»; substantiating the authors’ approach to defining the content of this scientific category. As result of the study, it is found that the concept of «network economy» is synonymous with such definitions as: high-tech economics; knowledge economy; global, new, informational, digital, digitalized, virtual, information and network-based, electronic, cognitive, noospheric, creative, service, innovative, intellectual economy; post-industrial society; information society; network intelligence society; e-business, etc. Using a system approach and the classification method, the interpretations of the term «network economy», which are proposed by various scientific schools, are conditionally systematized in the following groups: the basis of the information society; new economic system; a new type of economy; state of the economy; specific form of organization; a qualitatively new form of management of the national economy; type of economic system; type of post-industrial economy; characteristics of the global economy; form of innovative economy; innovation factor; system of new economic relations; multilevel spatial structure; structured information space; interactive environment; form of economic activity; an instrument to increase the level of development of the knowledge economy; national security mechanism. The article provides an authors’ approach to defining the category of «network economy» as a new type of economic environment resulting from the digitalization of fast-growing, highly interactive real-time connections between economic agents, different categories of stakeholders, digital technologies, information systems, devices, electronic networks. It is proposed that network economy as a category be considered according to the three positions: as an economic activity carried out through electronic and computer networks; as a global information environment where subjects of economic relations can contact each other about joint activities using digital technologies; as a fundamentally new form of management of the national economy, based on horizontal (direct) long-term partnerships between economic entities in a single digital space in the context of globalization.

At the present stage of transformational change, the problems of activating the economic partnership and cooperation based on the creation of network structures are extremely important. These issues are actualized especially in the context of the rapid development of the digital economy and smart specialization. Given this, the purpose of this study is the theoretical generalization and systematization of existing scientific approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «network structure»; substantiation of the authors’ own approach to defining the content of this economic category. As a result of the carried out study, it is determined that the concept of «network structure» be identified with such definitions as: organization, interaction, association, management structure, form of management, coordination, cooperation, alliance, structured set, integration, corporate structure, relations, coalition. Using a systematic approach and the classification method, the interpretation of the term of «network structure», proposed by various scientific schools, is conventionally systematized as to the following groups: entrepreneurial network; business structure; open structures; new organizational form of joint activity; collective interaction; organizational type; model of economic relations; complex of business units (network partners); element of the network economy, et cetera. The article provides the authors’ own approach to defining the category of «network structure» as a specific form of organization of collective efforts, which is based on the voluntary interaction of its participants on the basis of combining their interests, resources, competencies, and capabilities. It is proposed to consider the network structure as an economic category from three positions, such as: a network form of partnership; an effective model of stakeholder interaction in the context of global transformations; a model of partnerships between market participants in the organization of logistics processes

The latest information and communication technologies (ICTs) are increasingly considered by nation-states as a means to project their power and promote national interests. Over the past 20 years the major militarily signifi cant powers have created the doctrinal, logistical and organizational foundations for conducting military activities in the ICT environment and some states have already openly declared the priority of off ensive cyber operations, which increases the risks of crossing “red lines” and inadvertent escalation. The current situation related to the military-political exploitation of the ICT environment predetermines the urgent need for continuous analysis of current trends in this area and the search for approaches to reduce tension, which is the goal of this article. To achieve this goal, the fi rst part of the article considers in detail relevant doctrinal and strategic documents of the United States and other key countries and identifi es certain stages and aspects of evolution of their approaches. Further, the article considers and evaluates factors that infl uence military stability in the ICT environment, taking into account the previously obtained results. It is concluded that the identifi ed factors make the task of developing international frameworks to reduce the escalation in this area uncontested. This task is of particular urgency in the context of general international instability. Analysis of the current international environment in the relevant sphere allows to conclude that international community as a whole and the major players in particular (primarily Russia and the US) are aware of the danger of unintentional escalation in the ICT environment, especially when linked to strategic stability, and are ready to take steps towards developing the framework aimed at regulation and prevention of cyber confl icts. It is very actual now in new political reality but the question mostly is about fi nding the possible format.

This article presents the results of the research on the influence of the personality's psychological char- acteristics on the structure and content of a person's information field. We discovered theoretical bases for the necessity of the transition from the research of separate psychological phenomena of the personality, deter- mined by the media influence, to the research of multidimensional, integral structures such as the content of the world view of modern man. We researched specifics of the informational preferences determined by age, necessities, motivation of the personality, media perception etc.

The training of a specialist at a university is determined by the quality of the educational process, during which it is necessary to take into account the situation on the labor market. Successful training largely depends on the students self-education, which is difficult and limited in the context of a pandemic. The conditions of todays realities dictate the methods and forms of the process of self-education of students. During the pandemic, students practice self-education on a remote basis. We consider this form as a complex functional system with its own logic of development and relatively independent stages of learning via the Internet. Changes in various fields of activity are observed daily, which increases the requirements for the quality of education of a competitive individual; the idea of online education using electronic information platforms that serve as a means of self-education of students at the university is analyzed. The process of organizing the educational process in disciplines and tasks from the position of digitalization, through the introduction of modern digital technologies in the process of education of academic courses at the time of the pandemic in the country and the world, becomes significant. The conceptual apparatus considered in the paper: information space, educational space, self-education, competence, competence approach. It clarifies the need to teach the discipline in combination to acquire professional experience; the idea of revealing and enriching the inner potential of each person, his development and self-education throughout his life is substantiated; a detailed analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature is given. The results of a comprehensive study conducted at Chelyabinsk State University confirm the dependence of communicative competence on the students self-education during the pandemic.

The article is devoted to the study of political communication, inscribed into the new sociocultural and political systems of relations, into the wartime conditions. It has been proven that information media and network communications not only influence the behavior of social subjects, but can also destroy ideas about order, justice, and morality if they are exposed to the propaganda technologies of an aggressive state. In the structure of information influence, propaganda plays a decisive role, its task is to spread ideas and views, true or half-true facts, outright lies or rumors with the aim of manipulating public consciousness. The special relevance of this problem in the context of information support of the actions of the Russian authorities during Russia’s war against Ukraine is emphasized.

The article deals with the problem of creating single information space in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The author outlines the ways of development of the state strategy which in the shortest possible time would ensure the creation of a single information space in the subjects of the Russian Federation

The article explores the application of the approach using lattice models and the theory of cellular automata in identifying extended objects in images obtained during monitoring of urbanized areas. Such images have a certain degree of "blurriness" caused not only by the limitations of the images themselves, but also by the incompleteness of the accepted object model, processing algorithms, thermodynamic and quantum effects. For the created methodology and its software implementation, a study was carried out in order to assess the efficiency of obtaining results and the quality of work. Parameters of algorithms for segmentation and identification of objects on the earth's surface were selected as evaluation criteria. A previously developed binary image filtering device is considered as a variant of a cellular automaton. The purpose of developing a device of such a filtration device is to increase the speed by parallelizing the procedures performed, which is characteristic of a cellular automaton having a parallel (not "von Neumann") architecture. A scheme of the memory matrix element of the device in question is presented. It is shown that the set of identification features can be expanded due to the elements of triangulation using. The injection of triangulation elements and supplementation of additional reference points during the construction of the triangulation grid can be used in the monitoring process to identify potentially vulnerable objects. In addition, the proposed technique allows extracting new information from images about such objects. An example of such information is also presented in the article. The results obtained make it possible to perceive with optimism the ongoing developments and to recommend the use of the developed technique for the operational identification of extended objects during remote sensing of the Earth.

In the current conditions of rapid digitalization of the worldwide space, taking into account global factors, which are being forced, including such «black swans» as the COVID-19 pandemic, the issues of e-commerce development in the context of certain regions are being activated. The article is aimed at studying and identifying the features and trends of e-commerce development in the Latin American region, a detailed analysis of Brazil, Mexico and Argentina as the largest markets in the region. To achieve this aim, the methods of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, statistical analysis, comparison, structural and logical generalization were used. The article determines that, given the large population of the region with a significant stratification of society, the region has seen a sharp increase in the e-commerce market, including by means of the mass digitalization of the end user to meet the need for remote work and training during the pandemic. Most researchers distinguish the markets of Brazil, Mexico and Argentina as the largest in the region. There is a significant increase in the presence of regional and global platforms, with an emphasis on the problem of disproportionately large volume of Asian products sold by global platforms. The increase in the volume of trading platforms can have a beneficial impact on the improvement of logistics infrastructure in the region, which is currently one of the key problems. Among the existing problems, experts also indicate a low level of penetration of banking services and a high degree of cash circulation. Due to the specifics of the banking sector, not all local cards are valid on international trading platforms, which is one of the deterrent factors for the development of e-commerce. Based on statistical analysis, it is determined that in the current realities of the Latin American region, the process of digitalization of all e-commerce market participants is experienced while maintaining trends in the steady growth of key indicators of Internet commerce. This characterizes the region as promising in terms of increasing market volumes, the number of Internet consumers, the level of Internet penetration, the modernization of the banking sector and changes in legislation. At the same time, it is identified that in the presence of problems of the shadow economy, a low degree of public confidence in the banking sector, the preservation of a significant disparity in the incomes of categories of the population, there is a need to revalue the prospects and conditions for the further development of the e-commerce market in the post-pandemic period.

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At the present stage of socio-economic development of the country, it is necessary to take into account the relevance of important aspects for ensuring the quality of human life, including the scientific sphere, which includes the active use of information and communication technologies (ICT), which cause the rapid integration of society into an environment where a large array of information and knowledge is created, processed and used. The objective of the work is to promote the methodology of sociological research, the development of the process of integration of science, population and entrepreneurship by expanding information and communication technologies to achieve the effectiveness of regional development in Kazakhstan. The realization of this goal allows us to state with full confidence that this problem and methodological approaches to its solution in the national research practice do not have a wide elaboration and dissemination, therefore it is of high relevance for the progress of Kazakh science and social development. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the author's research is focused on obtaining a socio-economic effect, which is important for the promotion of Kazakhstani society in the direction of increasing competitiveness, living standards of the population, reducing poverty and differentiating incomes of the population. In addition, broad-profile specialists in the field of economics and management, sociological analysis and social sciences should be involved in the implementation of scientific research. The new scientific and practical results obtained in the study can significantly expand the scientific base, promote the methods of sociological research in the context of the use of information and communication technologies, show the scientific and technological directions of development relevant to society, can be used for the rating of regional scientific programs in the framework of the development of the prognosis of scientific and technological development of Kazakhstan for 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: the purpose of the study is to develop a methodological toolkit for reindustrialization in the branches of the material sphere of lagging and underdeveloped regions based on the use of information, communication and digital technologies.Methods: the study is based on the use of the methodology of the systems approach, the methodological apparatus of the information society theory, the use of methods of economic and statistical analysis, scientific abstraction, analogies and scientific generalizations. In the course of developing the proposed topic, classical and modern works of domestic and foreign scientists, statistical and empirical material prepared in the process of field research were used.Results: regions with different levels of development function in the country's economy. The greatest problems are associated with underdeveloped and problem regions, which, given their certain potential, cannot yet cope with their difficulties. The situation in which such regions are located requires the search for new mechanisms that will allow us to overcome unfavorable circumstances and embark on the path of highly stable development. Many problems can be solved on the basis of reindustrialization. This requires a transition to continuous digitalization processes, the use of digital technologies and software products that can ensure the development of production systems in the direction of creating a new technological order.Conclusions and Relevance: issues of digital and programmatic reindustrialization of the economy are especially aggravated in lagging and underdeveloped regions, where, due to the poorly diversified sectoral structure of the industry, there is a weak reaction to the formation of investment demand for the production of competitive goods. Such regions, to which the North Caucasian Federal District (NCFD) belongs, can solve problems when using digital and information technologies. The implementation of the proposed measures will allow the region to leave the zone of problems and depression.

Copyright of Ukrainian Historical Journal / Ukraïnsʹkij Ìstoričnij Žurnal is the property of Institute of History of Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

INTRODUCTION. In today’s world, threats to international information security are increasing. One of them is the use of information and communication technologies for criminal purposes. The United Nations has become the centre for the development of measures to counter such practices. The article discusses the role of the United Nations in the formation of a new international legal institution.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study was based on resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly, the United Nations Security Council, the texts of relevant international treaties and draft treaties, and academic writings. The methodological basis of the study was the general scientific and private scientific methods of knowledge which are traditional for legal works.RESEARCH RESULT. As a result of the research, the authors corrected the view of the term "information terrorism" that is being approved in legal science, and highlighted the provisions of UN General Assembly and UN Security Council resolutions that form the normative basis for state ‘countering crimes in the information space, and more broadly, the use of information and communication technologies for criminal purposes.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The authors note that the formation of a new international legal in- stitution takes place within the framework and under the auspices of the United Nations mainly under the basis of soft law norms. But now a new stage of "switching" is beginning. It is the stage in which the method of developing international recommendatory norms turns to the method of developing international Treaty norms that have a more stringent legal force.

The essence of the processes of digitalization in the field of science of Russia has been considered, the specific issues of adaptation of science to the demands of the information society have been revealed, the readiness of the Informatization process of the Russian scientific sphere has been assessed. The criteria for the formation of the potential of digital technologies used in scientific and design work have been evaluated. The statistics of the state of development of high and knowledge-intensive technologies in General and information and communication technologies used in research and development, in particular, has been adduced.The complexities of determining indicators and classification of information and communication technologies used have been reviewed. The approaches to determining the statistics of the number of employees employed in computer science and related industries have been presented. The indicators of development of research and developments in the field of digital technologies have been investigated. The distribution of the employed in various sectors of the national economy has been given. An increase in the cost of importing technologies has been noted, which indicates a rise in the country’s technological dependence on sources of external (foreign) technologies. It has been noticed, that in the field of information and communication technologies, Russia had a significant profit from technology exports, which indicates the progressiveness of scientific developments in the field of digital technologies. The issues of financing research and development, shortcomings in the incentive mechanisms of the methods used and sources of funding have been considered. The state of educational processes, that form the personnel component of the digitalization of the economy, has been analysed.The results of information activity in the field of research and development will allow us to draw a conclusion about the lack of readiness of the sphere of research and development in the field of information and communication technologies in the organization of promotion and dissemination of digital technologies in the scientific field.

This article is devoted to the study of information security in the EU member states, in particular Germany and France, in the context of the analysis of their national legislation, state, national programs and regulations. Particular attention is paid to the study of the features of regulatory and legal security of information security of Germany and France in the context of the study of their national legislation in terms of economic security as an inherent component of national security. In the course of this study the peculiarities of the functioning of the institutional and legal mechanism of cyber defense in the context of the multi-vector system of international security and legal regulation of international cooperation are analyzed. The article substantiates the expediency of developing an integrated, coordinated information policy of the EU member states in order to unify approaches to information security. At the same time, the current realities of European Union policy require comprehensive research in the context of ensuring national interests, developing effective mechanisms for protecting the information space, and legal mechanisms for shaping the economic system as a strategic factor of national security. Accordingly, the approaches to information security adopted in the European Union are currently not unified due to the geopolitical specifics of the EU’s countries. Therefore, the research, evaluation, and implementation of the positive experience of Germany and France in this area, according to the authors, is important in building the information security system of the European Union in the context of reliable protection against cyber threats.

Copyright of Herald of Journalism / Habaršy Žurnalistika Seriâsy is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article considers main approaches to the definition of the concept of information space. Shows its interconnection with mental space. Analyzes the problems and prospects of their development in the context of modernity.

Implementation of the innovative scenario of development of economy is impossible without active participation of mass media. Owing to political, sociocultural, economic and other conditions the Russian mass media develop non-uniformly. In the Republic of Tatarstan there are active processes of creation of new business models of mass media, symbiosis of print and electronic media.

The necessity of carrying out the scientific researches on the use of the concept of information space in the accounting system is substantiated. The possible approaches of researchers to the use of the concept of information space in accounting are highlighted. Researchers’ approaches to understanding the essence of accounting information space are analyzed. The expediency of using the concept of a single information space for a particular type of accounting is grounded. The lack of unity in the approaches of researchers to understanding the essence and meaningful filling of the concept of accounting information space is identified. The understanding of the concept of accounting information space as a set of various types of accounting information, sources of its origin, places of its processing, storage and transfer, concerning both the accounting information system of an individual business unit (enterprise, group of enterprises), and individual elements of such system is proposed. The functions of accounting information space are grounded.

Introduction. The current need to obtain relevant, complete and reliable information about airborne objects has led to the continuous improvement of modern radar recognition systems (MRRS) as part of control systems. The development of modern MRRS has created objective prerequisites for the use of progressive and new methods and algorithms for the processing of signals using neural networks. The use of artificial neural networks with learning ability permits expansion to include many signs of recognition by using information obtained in the process of monitoring airspace.Aim. To formulate the problem and develop proposals for the use of posterior information for airspace control in radar recognition systems using neural network technologies.Materials and methods. Based on an analysis of the structure of a unified information network, an approach was formulated to facilitate the development of MRRS based on training technologies. Using the synthesis method, examples of technical solutions were proposed, which will allow the use of modern methods and signal processing algorithms using a posteriori information generated by the control system.Results. The study identified the principles of neural network training in solving the recognition problem in the process of functioning of radio electronic equipment (REE). The technical solutions pro-posed take the functioning of the integrated radar system into account, allowing the information parameters required for training MRRS in a single information field to be obtained. It is shown that the removal of restrictions associated with the functional autonomy of REE, allows the use of posterior information in the implementation of radar recognition systems. This also allows for an increase in the number of recognition signs used in the algorithms and for the database of portraits to be replenished. Conclusion. MRRS can be developed via training by removing the restrictions associated with the autonomous functioning of RES. This allows for the situational assessment to be enhanced and management decisions to be optimised.

The article is devoted to the problem of the influence of the information space evolution on the value system of the personality. The process of transformation of separate values is considered. Thus, the value of awareness is disproved by the assertion that in the 21st century a huge amount of easily accessible information, on the contrary, caused the creation of a more concerned humanity, rather than a more informative one. Similar statements are made with respect to other key human values, such as: the value of knowledge, the value of communication, the value of speed, the value of flexibility and mobility, as well as the generalizing value that is the value of freedom. Their traditional positive assessment varies even to the opposite. Such a sharp change is necessary in order to avoid a catastrophe in reality; it may be a protective response of society in the context of its adaptation to the future.

The comprehensive informatization of a society, the widespread introduction of new information technologies updated the discussions about the information power as a function of public administration in its broadest understanding. In modern conditions the information power plays the defining role in the life of a society and globalization processes. Indeed, the globalization itself is the result of the exchange of an information, the implementation of an information influence on public institutions in the most modern states. Most politically-legal institutes, the political relations, the forms of political and information impact on the public relations and public consciousness change due to the influence of the information power. In general, the information power has the wide impact on the formation of behavior of a personality and a society. The forming of the information power directly bind with formation of an information society, in which information becomes the main economic resource, and the information sector comes out on the top on rate of growth in today’s globalized world. The intellectual property becomes the main form of ownership, a human capital becomes the important; an information becomes a subject of mass consumption, the new legal bases of functioning of an information society are formed. Now, freedom of speech and information on the basis of the rule of law and the respect of human rights are the main postulates of the creation of a civil society, the statement of a real democracy. Therefore, the limits of the existence of the information power have to be agreed with the rights and the freedoms of a person. So, the right for access to information becomes one of inalienable rights of a human and a citizen. A priority task of the Ukrainian state is the ensuring the freedom of speech, the freedom of an information, the right for expression of opinion and the citizen`s position, the right for the receipt and the dissemination of the reliable information without obstacles.

Under the conditions of the formation of a new information space, the role of civil society organizations and each individual is growing. Public organizations are becoming an important source of social information. The author concludes that the creation of new information mechanisms for the involvement of public structures in the political decisions making contributes to the reduction of social contradictions and conflicts at the country level and entire integration associations, for example, such as the European Union.

The article considers the myth about aliens in the structure of modern myths participating in the mythologization of human consciousness. Author’s attention is drawn to what kind of simulacra this myth is realized and what are the tools for its introduction into consciousness. The analysis showed that myths about aliens occupy a stable position in the system of modern myths. They are implemented in a multitude of well-developed simulacra, for the approval of which in the public consciousness numerous mechanisms are used, among which fakes play a special role. The great importance of the media, including new media, for the spread of the myth of the aliens is noted. It was revealed that the myth about aliens has been intensively implanted in the minds of Russians over the past few decades. The authorship of this myth and the addressee, in whose interests it is being implemented, is difficult to establish. The author suggests that we are talking about mythologization as a way to fill the religious and ideological vacuum in the consciousness of a modern person. It is also established that this myth may have hidden, unconscious addressees and motivators, who benefit from weakening a modern person’s critical vision of the world, making it the psyche is more malleable for all kinds of suggestions.

Copyright of Sprawy Miedzynarodowe / International Affairs is the property of Instytut Studiow Politycznych PAN and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the contemporary world of global competition, rapidly changing business environment, development of innovative products, solutions, technologies, the creation of a common information space of an economic entity which results from intellectualization of its activity has become a must. Management accounting system is an integral part of the information space of any modern organization. Management accounting information which is becoming increasingly complicated currently plays more and more important role in an enterprise’s economic activity and represents an important resource for making more educated effective management economic decisions. That is why it is relevant to study the issues of forming an organization’s information space, identify its components and relationship between them as well as define the role of management accounting subsystem in the information space of an organization. The authors suggest certain amendments to the competence model of a modern management accountant. They also offer a matrix for assessing the level of development of an organization’s information space and defining a strategy of its further improvement. This matrix combines two indicators: the level of information exchange within the organization and the level of its information culture.

Introduction. The paper presents the thesis about the advantages of the process approach in the development of measures aimed at improving the efficiency of rubber products, using rubber-containing waste as raw materials. In addition, the insufficiency of existing approaches to the definition of business processes using typical raw materials, on the basis of which the author’s definition of the business process is proposed, is substantiated. The main approaches to improving the efficiency of such business processes is formulated, defined on the construction of the participants’ interaction system to meet their basic requirements. Moreover, the importance of studying the information space is highlighted, in which the formation of business processes is displayed.Materials and methods. The research of the influence of information space on the formation of business processes for the production of rubber is carried out on the basis of such methods as the analysis of industry statistics, the study of legal acts that determine various aspects of the functioning of production and economic systems. The determination of the current state of the information space requires the research of materials of the state statistics service, marketing agencies and large enterprises of the rubber industry, using worn rubber products as raw materials. The requirements of suppliers of raw materials are also determined by an expert survey.Results. As a result, the list of the main participants and the main requirements are identified. The authors show the significant impact of the resource factor on the efficiency of business processes for the rubber production. Therefore, The authors present the model of the participants’ interaction at the stage of collecting raw materials.Discussion and conclusions. The list of the main factors hindering the development of the rubber products production is determined and ways to overcome the negative impact of factors by reviewing the mechanism of the business processes formation are considered.

The article considers various approaches to regulation of information services in the conditions of digitalization. It indicates the presence of two conceptual approaches to identifying areas of support for the development of information services, characteristic, respectively, for the industrialized countries of Europe and North America, on the one hand, and for the states of the Far Eastern region, on the other. Within the Anglo-Saxon model framework, the main attention is paid to the institutional and infrastructural support of the information services market, which is manifested in the creation of an “information superhighway” and its service, in the European (continental) model the emphasis is on creating uniform supranational information services markets and termination of “information enequality” , The Asian model is focused on a tighter approach to regulating the market for information services based on the provision of interrelations between traditional values and transformational changes characteristic of the digital economy era.

F.M. Dostoevsky was one of the first to see the information space as the most important factor and the product of social existence of people; he presented it in his works in all its diversity and complexity. In describing and examining the information objects and processes, Dostoevsky used his findings to develop new artistic techniques and forms. The narrative structure of his novels is directly linked with the reflection of a highly organized information space. Dostoevsky’s heroes are continuously active in the process of creating, developing and distributing information products of varying degrees of complexity and purpose. In his novels, F.M. Dostoevsky made an artistic discovery of information reality and created a special poetics of presenting it. The article takes Crime and Punishment as its case in point to demonstrate those features of Dostoevsky’s poetics that are linked to the objectives of artistically representing the information space.

The article deals with the relevant issue of the influence of information space on the current state of economic security of Russian regions. In the modern society, the information space is an objectively existing phenomenon, which performs a number of constructive and destructive functions and has a direct impact on the economic security of regions. The research of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of information theory, philosophy, mathematics, economics have become the theoretical and methodological basis of the paper. Transition to the information society has changed the status of information resources. The analysis of the statistical data of authoritative Russian and foreign sources has allowed us to reveal the main tendencies of modern society. Information processes have the most significant impact on such areas as health and safety, education, science, culture, socio-political sphere, as well as the quality of life. However, threats to economic security are under transformation. Therefore, there is a need for changes in the assessment of the economic security of regions. We proposed a technique for the evaluation of economic security based on the comprehensive assessment of several groups of indicators. The number of groups and a set of estimated indicators can be defined by experts. The results of the proposed method are demonstrated on the example of eight Federal Districts of Russia. The authors used official statistics, since they covered different spheres of citizens throughout the whole state territory. The assessment includes 32 indicators distributed into nine groups: economy, food, information resources, etc. Calculations have revealed the regions with lower security level — Siberian and North-Caucasian Federal Districts. The proposed methodological approach and quantitative estimates can be used to predict and improve economic security management in regions.

Copyright of Manuscript & Book Heritage of Ukraine is the property of V. I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine (VNLU) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Aesthetics & Ethics of Pedagogical Action is the property of Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The ideological conditions and mechanisms of formation of the Fund of children’s publications in the 1920-30s are considered. The review of various types of historical sources and works of modern scientists on similar problems is carried out. The author analyzes the state policy in the sphere of formation of the common information space for children and teenagers through printed publications as more accessible and effective mass media. Particular attention is paid to the key positions in the texts of documents relating to the development of children’s books, magazines and newspapers. The state bodies implementing the party’s policy in the field of publications for children and youth are listed. The review of the themes of children’s books and periodicals is made, that allows to draw conclusions about the image of a new hero for Soviet children they create. The article raises the question of the content and fullness of library collections in the departments of children’s literature. The direction of library “purges” as the most important factor influencing the formation of information space of younger generation is analyzed. The interdisciplinary methodological approach allows to study objectively the process of acquisition of a universal fund of printed publications for children and teenagers, to analyze and systematically present the content of books and periodicals, to assess the educational potential of the formed information space.