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Introduction: In the field of sports and exercise science researchers are exploring methods to enhance recovery after training sessions. One popular approach that has gained attention is the use of ice baths. Purpose: This review examines how ice baths impact muscle recovery time following high intensity workouts looking at both the effects and practical considerations with a focus, on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS). The PubMed database was used in this study. A literature review was conducted using the keywords: “cold water”, “muscle regeneration”, “muscle soreness”, “DOMS” and “ice bathing”. State of Knowledge: Ice baths have been found to trigger vasoconstriction reduce inflammation and alleviate muscle soreness. However, their effectiveness in reducing exercise-induced inflammation and muscle soreness remains uncertain. The impact on DOMS varies among individuals due to factors like genetics, age, gender and health conditions. This variability highlights the challenges of incorporating ice baths into workout recovery routines. Summary: The use of ice baths in post-exercise recovery presents a complex landscape with diverse physiological responses and variable outcomes. While practical guidelines exist for the application of ice baths in high-intensity training, debates persist regarding their efficacy on DOMS compared to active recovery. While ice baths are incorporated into holistic recovery strategies conflicting research casts doubt on their standalone effectiveness prompting further exploration of how they complement other recovery methods. Moreover, potential drawbacks and conflicting evidence regarding their influence on long-term training adaptations raise questions about the overall costs and benefits.

Introduction In contemporary medicine, increasing attention is being devoted to alternative forms of therapy. Immersing oneself in cold water, cryotherapy, or cold showers are practices that have long sparked interest due to their potential health benefits. Aim of the study The aim of this comprehensive review is to analyze the impact of cold exposure on the human body, with particular emphasis on its effects on the nervous system. Through the synthesis of available research, the paper seeks to identify health benefits and areas requiring further investigation in the context of various cold application practices. Materials and methods An analysis of scientific articles available in the Pubmed and Google Scholar databases was conducted. Publications from recent years that most relevantly addressed the discussed topic were utilized for this study. The search process involved the use of the following keywords: “cold,” “cold showering,” “cold water,” “cryotherapy.” Results The results of the literature review unequivocally indicate a positive, multifaceted impact of cold on the human body, particularly with an emphasis on the nervous system. Significant therapeutic effects observed in various fields suggest that the application of cold may be a promising alternative in promoting health and treating numerous medical conditions. Summary The focused literature review on the impact of cold on the human body, especially the nervous system, presents various therapies such as cryotherapy or cold water immersion, emphasizing their beneficial effects on the nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine, lymphatic, musculoskeletal, and joint systems. However, despite the observed benefits, further research is needed to gain a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms of action and to ensure the safety of these practices.

Prostate cancer (PСa) is one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity in men. The incidence of localized PCa is higher in high-income countries. There are different types of treatment for localized PCa: from active surveillance to focal therapy or radical treatment. Both patients and urologists are interested in minimizing side effects of treatment, so focal therapy is an alternative option. Magnetic resonance imaging is one of the leading tools either for primary diagnosis or for following evaluation of treatment efficacy, including focal therapy. Therefore, we summarized literature data published on this topic.

Introduction and purpose: In recent years there has been an increase in scientific research regarding the body's exposure to low temperatures. The potential health benefits have captured the attention of both researchers and the general public. This article review provides an analysis of the existing literature concerning the impact of cold body exposure on health and athletic achievements. Material and methods: A review of the literature available in the "PubMed" database and books was conducted. The search was performed by using the following keywords: "cold exposure", "cryotherapy", "cold shower", "cold-water immersion" and "winter swimming". State of knowledge: Encountering low temperatures can be perceived as a physiological stressor. The body responds to this situation by activating adaptive mechanisms to maintain homeostasis, such as the activation of brown adipose tissue, improved glucose control and increased immune system activity. An increasing amount of data supports the positive impact of cold exposure on athletic performance. Potential benefits are indicated such as enhancing physical endurance through increased heat production and stimulation of the circulatory system, as well as facilitating faster body recovery. Results and Conclusions: The article review indicates a growing interest in the impact of cold exposure. While there are encouraging findings of positive effects, further research is necessary for better understanding and determining the optimal conditions for achieving maximum benefits. This information could have a significant impact on the development of training strategies and health prevention.

Copyright of Scientific-Practical Journal of Medicine Vestnik KazNMU is the property of Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background. VIR’s potato collection is one of the oldest and richest; however, it is constantly exposed to viruses that negatively affect useful agronomic properties of tubers. Close monitoring of the phytosanitary state of potato accessions helps to select the most effective method of therapy for subsequent healing of infected plants and obtaining high-quality planting material.Materials and methods. The research was aimed at improving the health of 18 varieties of Solanum tuberosum L. from the VIR collection. Testing for the presence of viruses was based on the ICA and RTPCR techniques, and the consequent healing was performed using the methods of meristem culture and cryotherapy.Results and conclusions. During the field test of potato plants, PVX, PVS and PVA were found to be the most common viruses. PSTVd was completely absent in all tested accessions. The effectiveness of in vitro healing of potato plants from viruses was assesses using meristem culture. The percentage of healed plants was 0% for PVS, 0% for PVX, 33.4% for PVA, 50% for PLRV, 72.3% for PVY, and 83.4% for PVM. Healing with meristem culture was shown to be the most effective against PVY and PVM. While assessing the effectiveness of post-cryogenic restoration of potato microplants, the level of post-cryogenic regeneration of the shoot tips in potato microplants was determined at 22.3% on average for a sample. The minimum was observed in k-16762 ‘Sagita N’ (5%), and the maximum in k-1378 ‘Marta’ (41.7%). Analysis of the effectiveness of potato recovery from viruses by in vitro cryotherapy showed that the percentage of recovered plants was 100% for PVY, 100% for PVA, 88.9% for PVM, 77.8% for PVS, 44.4% for PVX. Thus, the techniques of apical meristem culture and cryotherapy proved to be effective against PVY, PVA and PVM viruses. However, in the case of multiple infections, it is necessary to combine elements of different healing protocols to increase the effectiveness of the healing procedure.

Purpose of the study — to evaluate possible impact of cryoablation on a healthy bone and to identify probable causes of postoperative fractures.Materials and Methods. The authors performed cryoablation of the femur in the experiment on 8 mature rabbits of Soviet Chinchilla (SC) breed with a follow up for up to two months. Anitrogenous cryoprobe of 1.5 mm in diameter was introduced into the femur through a perforation hole. The bone was completely frozen up to -180°С in two cycles with continuous thermometry. Pathomorfological examinations were performed after 7 and 55 days along with assessment of bone hardness. Preparation of material stipulated sawing the bone at the fracture site along the bone axis. One half-bone was used for histological examination, and another one — for measuring mechanical properties by local pressing of a diamond indenter onto the bone at certain applied force. The distance between measurement points along the bone was 250 μm. Statistical processing included variance significance analysis using t-test.Results. The authors reported bone fractures at the site of cryodestruction in all animals in one week after the procedure. Statistical analysis of the measurements and histological examination demonstrated that freezing of the entire bone diameter up to -180°С results in its complete destruction. Strength reduction around the fracture site corresponded to the temperature distribution area in the range from -9ºС to -15ºС. However, areas of cooling below -40ºС exhibited some bone segments with normal hardness. Mosaic pattern of strength reduction is explained by microcirculation disorders. Histology confirmed thrombosis of intraosseous blood vessels in the area of cryotherapy. The first focal signs of osteomalacia emerged by the end of the first week after cryoablation. Subsequently, the bone preserved its regenerative properties, but by the end of the second month after the procedure the histogenesis was still not completed and the bone did not regain its strength.Conclusion. The authors believe that a limited number of cases, the specific features of the angioarchitecture of animal bones and their ability to produce a heavy periosteal response do not allow to apply obtained quantitative outcomes of the present study to clinical situations. However, complete freezing of the entire bone diameter inevitably results in fracture formation.

Physiotherapy section - physicotherapy successfully applies frequent cryotherapy treatments in many different diseases. The paper presents a review of the literature on the basis of review papers as well as research papers from reputable scientific journals, which have been published over the last few years.

An overview of cryotherapy, the processes of adaptation to the low temperatures in particular is presented. The effect of short-term exposure to low temperature alteration indicators of the condition of the body was investigated. The results show that the level of reactivity did not change after cryotherapy. It was found that after cryotherapy the concentration of malondialdehyde in plasma levels of athletes had decreased.

Year (2019) is the thirtieth of the opening of the first low-temperature chamber in Poland, is celebrated. This anniversary is a great occasion to recapitulation and evaluate our experince regarding cryogenic temperatures anhibition and present how this method of treatment has developed over the last 30 years. Cryotherapy became one of the most basic and modern therapeutic methods not only in physical medicine. Cryostimulation in new areas of life and as a form of thermal stimulation and assessment of its impact on the human body, taking into account the differences between individual human areas.

Under certain conditions, skin damage may be accompanied by a complication in the form of hypertrophic scars, keloids. A significant role in the pathogenesis of the development of keloids is attributed to immune mechanisms, neuro-endocrine disorders, hereditary factors. The most effective way to treat keloid scars is still surgical. At the same time, simple excision of keloid stimulates additional collagen synthesis, increases the risk of relapse. Traditionally used steroid drugs, metered pressure, X-rays and radiotherapy. However, these methods can lead to undesirable consequences, which justifies the search for new, less aggressive methods. To increase the effectiveness of treatment of keloids of the earlobe using a new medical complex consisting of cryotherapy, a course of injections of the drug based on hyaluronidase and a course of drawing of sulphide-peloid extracts. A study of the state of keloid scar after cryodestruction and subsequent use of the drug based on hyaluronidase was carried out in 14 people. The cryoexposure was carried out by the two-cycle method with an exposure time of 30 to 90 s. To increase the efficiency and improve the performance in the complex treatment, a spinner made of silt-sulfide peloids was used, whose components stimulate collagen resorption by fibroclasts. As a result of treatment, all patients showed a significant improvement: subsidence of paresthesia, itching, leveling the height of keloid in relation to unchanged skin. Findings. The results obtained allow us to recommend the proposed method for the introduction into the practice of cosmetologists and otorhinolaryngologists.

The aim of this study was comparison of local cryotherapy and sonotherapy effectiveness in the treatment of gonarthrosis symptoms. Material and methods: The studies on the comparison of local cryotherapy and sonotherapy effectiveness were conducted in a research group of one hundred people singled out from the patients staying at the Wieniec Zdrój Sanatorium in Wieniec Zdrój. Before the series of sonotherapy and cryotherapy treatments and after their completion, all patients were assessed using: Centimeter tape, Goniometer, VAS (Visual Analog Scale), Laitinen Questionnaire and Sit-up Test. Results: After the rehabilitation, the intensity of pain was determined at 4.45 points, on a scale from 0 to 8 points. The intensity of pain in the VAS scale among respondents decreased significantly by 1.750 points. The average pain intensity was 1.40 points (SD = 0.778), which resulted in a significant change in the form of pain relief (p = 0.580). The frequency of pain ranges from 0 to 4 points (M = 1.35). The frequency of its occurrence decreased significantly (p = 0.670). After rehabilitation, the frequency of analgesics was on average 0.66 points, and the limit on physical activity was 1.40 points (p = 0.520). The limitation of physical activity was determined on average at the level of 1.04 points, which reduced its limit by 0.560 points. After rehabilitation, the range of motion in the knee joint increased to 99.60 °. On average, the range of movement of patients in the knee joint after rehabilitation increased by -1.429 °. After rehabilitation, knee circumference of the kneecap was between 30 cm and 76 cm. The average result was 42.375 cm and decreased significantly by 0.1676 cm. The circumference of the knee joint above the kneecap oscillated between 28 - 80.5 cm (D = 44.335 cm), which gave the effect of reducing the edema by 0.320 cm. The treatments performed varied only the results in the frequency of analgesics (p = 0.45). Better effects occurred in patients undergoing sonotherapy (M = 0.048) than in cryotherapy (M = 0.84). Conclusions: Local cryotherapy and sonotherapy reduces the severity and frequency of pain and reduces swelling in the knee joints. Positive effects of therapy reduce the amount of analgesics used. However, better results are obtained in patients undergoing sonotherapy than in cryotherapy. In addition, the range of flexion movements of the knee joints is increased under the influence of treatments. There are significant differences in the improvement of the range of motion among patients treated with sonotherapy than cryotherapy.

Objective. To estimate efficiency and safety of application of a preparation of Aldara (imiquimod, 5% external application cream) it is independent or in combination with cryotherapy in therapy of the basal cell carcinoma of the skin (BCC). Material and methods. Research included 78 patients (22 women and 56 men) with various forms of a basal cell carcinoma of the skin. All patients were divided into 3 groups: the main group (n = 30) the patients receiving therapy by Aldara (imiquimod, 5% external application cream) made, second (n = 21) - the patients receiving therapy by Aldara’s, and also 1 course of cryotherapy, and the group of comparison (n = 27) receiving therapy of placebo in the form of external application cream. Therapy was carried out 3 times a week, within 16 weeks. Research was conducted in some stages with histologic confirmation of the diagnosis, and also an assessment of efficiency of therapy and undesirable effects. Results. At 27 of 30 patients of the first group (90%) and at 21 of 21 patients of the second group (100%) receiving treatment by Aldara’s absolute clinical recovery is reached. In group of comparison of clinical recovery at all 27 patients it wasn’t observed. It is expedient to note that at all patients of the second group (100%) already to 75 ± to the 2nd day of therapy (the 4th visit) clinical recovery while at 27 of 30 patients of the first group (90%) the total disappearance (clinical recovery) came for 105 and more days (the 5th and 6th visits) was noted. Recurrence of a disease after the end of therapy it wasn’t observed. Conclusion. Aldara (imiquimod, 5% external application cream) possesses high efficiency at therapy of various forms and sizes of BCC. Undesirable effects of therapy are easily resolved at cancellation of a preparation and not observed at its renewal. Unlike other immunomodulatory preparations (corticosteroids, retinoid, cyclosporin) Aldar’s application doesn’t promote suppression of cellular immunity.

Objective: estimate of analgetic effect at extremely low temperature in the conditions of cryochamber for general air cryotherapy. Materials and methods: 335 patients (144 males and 191 females) in age from 20 to 72 years with pathology of locomotorium (deforming dorsopathies) took part in researches. Researches were conducted with the use of cryochamber for creation extremely low temperature. Results: the analysis of curves of probability of absence of analgetic effect showed that approximately 50,0% of patients had the lasting analgetic effect after 20±1,50 session of treatment. Conclusions: for achievement of maximal analgetic effect at 95% patients approximately 30 valuable sessions of general air cryotherapy in the cryochambe required. Influences of age, gender and seasons on efficiency of antinociceptive action at this contingent of patients statistically was not detected (р>0,05).

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose. To evaluate the results of the local treatment in cases of insufficient efficacy of retinoblastoma response to chemotherapy (CT).Material and methods. The study included 35 children (43 eyes) with insufficient response to the systemic and local CT which have a local impact (brachytherapy, cryosurgery, transpupillary diode-laser thermotherapy) on 101 retinoblastoma foci. Bilateral retinoblastoma was observed in 26 children, 16 children were monocular. Eight eyes were the group A, 12 – the group B, 13 – the group C, 10 – the group D. Forty five tumors were treated using the brachytherapy (Ru-106, Sr-90). In 7 eyes the plaques were relocated successively to irradiate two or three tumors. The transpupillary thermotherapy was performed in 32 tumors, the cryotherapy – in 24 foci. The follow-up was from 9 to 66 months (mean 19 months).Results. Forty one eyes (95%) were retained. The regression pattern types after each of the treatment methods are evaluated. A complete or partial regression was achieved in 43 tumors (96%) after the brachytherapy, in 28 tumors (88%) after the thermotherapy, in 23 tumors (96%) after the cryotherapy. The BT outcomes according to the apical dose varied from 53Gy to 85.8Gy). After the thermotherapy 4 recurrences (13%) were noted, after the cryotherapy – 1 (4%). There were no cases of metastases.Conclusion. The obtained results indicate the important role of the local methods in the system of organ-saving treatment of patients with retinoblastoma especially in case of exhausted reserves of chemotherapy.

Objective: to evaluate the efficiency of a comprehensive rehabilitation program (CRP) in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for 6 months. Subjects and methods. Sixty patients with early RA were examined. During medical therapy, 6-month CRP was implemented in 34 patients in the study group. The 2-week in-hospital stage involved ten sessions of 15-min local air cryotherapy (-60 °C) of the hands, knee or ankle joints; ten classes of 45-min therapeutic exercises (TE) under the supervision of a trainer; ten sessions of 45-min ergotherapy (training people how to therapeutically position their joints, to apply their protective methods, to lift and move things, to use assistive devices, and to do hand exercises); orthotics (working wrist orthoses, knee ones, or individual orthopedic insoles); and four 90-min educational program classes. The outpatient and domiciliary stages included 45-min TE thrice weekly; creation of a correct functional stereotype; and orthotics. Twenty-six patients received medical therapy only (a control group). The authors estimated tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), joint pain on 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS), DAS28, HAQ, RAPID3, hand grip strength, average maximum knee extension and ankle flexion by the EN-TreeM movement analysis, and compliance with drug and non-drug treatments. Results. The study group showed a stably high compliance with therapy with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, less need for symptomatic agents, higher adherence to the methods of creating a correct functional stereotype, orthotics, and regular TE. Twenty-two patients completed 6-month CRP; 12 patents did not complete the treatment because of non-compliance with nondrug methods, primarily TE. Upon completion of the in-hospital stage of CRP, the study group exhibited significant positive changes in pain and functional status and no significant impact on global inflammatory activity indicators (SJC, ESR, CRP, and DAS28). After 6 months of CRP, there were reductions in TJC by 6.0+1.8 or 72.3% (p

The results of treatment of 9 patients with mechanical injury of trachea and of 22 patients with cicatricial stenoses of trachea are presented, in this article. 18 patients had. staged, reconstructive and plastic operations at the cicatricial stenosis, 2 patients had. endoscopic recanalization of tracheal lumen and. 2 patients had. sleeve resection of trachea with, anastomosis. An. original medical complex including argon-plasmatic, cryosurgical and. lymphotropic technologies. In all cases we managed, to recover respiratory tract integrity and. to provide adequate breath through, natural respiratory tract.

One of the current health care problems is a menopausal syndrome (MS), a set of symptoms characterized by specific metabolic, neurological, autonomous, and psychosomatic changes. Many authors believe that one of the main methods of prevention and treatment of menopausal disorders is hormone replacement therapy, but there are many contraindications. Therefore, there is increasing interest in the development of non-medicinal therapy methods, in particular, physiotherapeutic treatment., Objective: To study the effect of total cryotherapy alone and in combination with transcranial magnet therapy on the microcirculation state and psychological status in patients with MS., Material and Methods: The study included 62 female patients (mean age was 51±1.9 years). Thirty-five (56%) patients had mild menopausal syndrome and 27 (44%) moderate severity. All patients were divided into two clinically and functionally comparable groups by simple randomization: Group 1: 30 patients who received total cryotherapy (TCT); Group 2: 32 patients who received complex treatment including TCT and transcranial magnet therapy. The blood lipid spectrum was studied in all patients before and after the treatment course. The psychological examination was carried out using the well-being/activity/mood test (WAM). The microcirculation state was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF)., Results: The majority of the patients had abnormalities in the lipid spectrum, decreased psychological adaptation, and worsened microcirculation indices (according to LDF data). After a treatment course, improvement in the lipid spectrum, LDF, and WAM test scores according to all scales was more pronounced in group 2 patients receiving complex therapy., Conclusion: The combined effect of total cryotherapy and transcranial magnet therapy had a more pronounced positive impact on the lipid spectrum, psychoemotional state, and microcirculatory processes in patients with menopausal syndrome compared with the total cryotherapy alone. It can be assumed that this complex will be effectively used in practical healthcare.

Aim of this study - the comparative effectiveness of cryotherapy (CT) with ice 0 °C, CT with ice 0 °C + SMC (cryo-SMC), air cryotherapy (ACT) -30 °C, hyperbaric gas cryotherapy (HC) CO2 -78 °C., Material and Methods: We examined 150 patients with II - IV stage osteoarthritis of the knee and hip joints, movement pain of more than 40 mm on a VAS and Leken index more than 9. 120 of these patients received a course of CT of various temperatures and cryo-SMC for 2 weeks: 1st group ( n =30) - CT of ice 0 °C; 2nd group ( n =30) - cryo-SMC; 3rd group ( n =30) - ACT; 4th group ( n =30) - HC. The 5th group (control) included patients ( n =30) who received only non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We assessed dynamics of rest and movement pain according to VAS, the WOMAC index, the effectiveness according to the OMERACT-OARSI criterion and the need for NSAIDs. Effectiveness of treatment was evaluated by the patient and the doctor., Results: OMERACT-OARSI analysis demonstrated a high percentage of CT response. A statistically significant decrease in rest and movement pain intensity was registered in all patients of the groups: ice 0 °C, cryo-SMC, ACT, HC and control groups. The pain decreased by 82-83% in the groups 1-4, and by 70% in the control group. There were no differences in the effectiveness of treatment between groups 1, 3, and 4 and the cryo-SMC group; effectiveness of treatment was statistically significant ( p <0.01) between groups 1-4 and the control group. A statistically significant decrease in the total WOMAC index, as well as in «pain» and «stiffness» VAS subscales ( p <0.01) in the absence of intergroup differences in the 1st, 3rd, 4th groups and the cryo-SMC ( p >0.05) group and a statistically significant difference between the 1st-4th groups and the control group ( p <0.01). According to the «function» subscale of the WOMAC index, a statistically significant difference between all groups was not found ( p >0.05)., Conclusion: Results of this study according to the OMERACT-OARSI effectiveness evaluation criteria indicate the comparability of CT as a treatment method with NSAID therapy in terms of the effect on improving the patient's functional capabilities and greater CT efficiency in relieving pain and stiffness in the joints.

Introduction: Among the urgent problems of pediatrics, chronic constipation occupies one of the leading positions due to its high prevalence (20-40%) and the possibility of complications. Conductive cryotherapy, used separately and in combination with percutaneous electroneurostimulation, is a promising technology for the treatment of chronic constipation in children., Aim of Study: Scientific evidence of the use of conductive cryotherapy and its combined effect with percutaneous electroneurostimulation in children with chronic constipation., Materials and Methods: We examined 80 children aged 3-15 years (average age 8±2 years) suffering from chronic constipation: 35 (43.8%) boys, 45 (56.2%) girls. In 47 (58.8%) children, chronic constipation of the hypotonic type (HT) was detected, in 33 (41.2%) - chronic constipation of the spastic type (ST). Children were divided into 4 groups, comparable in number, age, gender and clinical manifestations. Patients of all groups received basic treatment: laxative diet, probiotics, choleretic drugs, enzymes. Patients of the main group used the combined effect of conduction cryotherapy and percutaneous electroneurostimulation - cryoelectroneurostimulation. Conduction cryotherapy was prescribed for children of the 1st comparison group, percutaneous electroneurostimulation was assigned to the 2nd comparison group. Patients in the control group received only basic therapy. In order to assess the effectiveness of impact of physical factors, clinical and functional examinations of children were carried out before treatment, immediately after the course of treatment, and also 3, 6 and 12 months later after treatment., Results and Discussion: The highest treatment efficacy was found in children of the main group with HT and ST (91.6 and 87.5%, respectively) after cryoelectronic neurostimulation. Conduction cryotherapy was most effective for the treatment of ST (77.7%). The results of the study made it possible to develop an algorithm for the prescription of percutaneous electroneurostimulation and conduction cryotherapy, depending on the type of dyskinetic disorders of the colon in children. All children, regardless of the type of chronic constipation, are prescribed to use the combined effects of physical factors (cryoelectroneurostimulation), percutaneous electroneurostimulation is recommended for HT, conductive cryotherapy - for ST., Conclusion: The higher therapeutic effectiveness of the combined use of conduction cryotherapy and percutaneous electroneurostimulation in various types of dyskinetic disorders in children has been proved according to immediate and long-term results of treatment. An algorithm is proposed for differential use of conduction cryotherapy and percutaneous electroneurostimulation taking into account the type of dyskinetic disorders of the colon.

Aim: To analyze efficiency of ozone therapy, ultrasound and cryotherapy for infected and purulent wounds due to chronic venous insufficiency., Material and Methods: There were 127 patients with chronic venous insufficiency followed by chronic wounds. Efficacy of systemic and local ozone therapy was assessed. De Sole method was used to analyze chemiluminescent and spontaneous activity of neutrophils of peripheral blood., Results: Advanced generation of active forms of oxygen was revealed in patients with chronic wounds and chronic venous insufficiency. Complex ozone therapy including intravenous administration of ozonized autologous blood, oxygen-ozone and ultrasonic exposure of the wound and cryogenic stimulation reduce painful period up to 3.1±0.6 days, accelerate epithelialization of the wound and normalize release of active forms of oxygen.

In the study, comparative analysis before and after the air cryotherapy for the following parameters: total cholesterol (using a set of reagents CHOL&#95;2, automatic biochemical analyzer ADVIA 2400( Siemens), glucose (using a set of reagents Glucose Hexokinase II, automatic biochemical analyzer ADVIA 2400 (Siemens), cholesterol of low-density lipoproteins (using the set of reagents of L-HDL, automatic biochemical analyzer ADVIA 2400 (Siemens). The number of oxidized lipoproteins (LP) was determined by the method of the Muzya G. I., the amount of LP resistant to oxidation was determined by the Ragino Yu.I. The clinical group consisted of 30 people with a verified diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, the average age of which was 45.3±3.7 years. Patients of the clinical group received a course of cryotherapy by the method, including the presence in the pre -chamber at t0 -600C for 30 seconds, then in the main chamber at t 0-110-1200C for 180 seconds. Procedures were released again with an interval of 20 minutes, daily within 10 days. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out according to conventional methods with the determination of the arithmetic mean, the mean error using the program STADIA version 6.0. The significance of differences in the clinical group before and after the correction was judged by the Student's t-test value after checking the distribution for normality. Differences corresponding to the probability error p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. In patients of the clinical group with metabolic syndrome before treatment, elevated levels of total serum cholesterol by 24.3% and glucose by 12.8% relative to normal values were found. After the course of General air cryotherapy, the total number of low-density lipoproteins decreased by 15.47%, total serum cholesterol by 32.30%, while the serum glucose level decreased by 11.8% compared to the indicators registered in the clinical group before cryotherapy., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is currently considered to be one of the most widespread diseases. Its main clinical symptoms include pain and dysfunction of joints. In the present review of the foreign and domestic literature, the questions of pathogenesis and risk factors underlying the development of osteoarthritis are discussed. The understanding of OA pathogenesis have altered essentially in the recent years which made necessary the search for the novel approaches to the treatment of this pathology. According to the modern views of OA origin and progression, its therapy should be based on the application of the combination of medicamentous and non-medicamentous modalities including, in particular, collective and individual activities focused on the implementation of the programs of therapeutic physical training as an obligatory component of ОА prophylaxis and treatment. The present review gives evidence of the feasibility of the application of the methods of cryotherapy and radonotherapy for the management of the patients suffering from osteoarthritis. It is emphasized that many recent publications report extensive investigations of the clinical and pathogenetic aspects of the application of these methods for the combined regenerative treatment of the patients presenting with gonarthrosis. The influence of cryotherapy and radonotherapy on the neuroendocrine and immune systems is discussed with special reference to the possibility of regulation of the metabolic processes and retardation of inflammation. It is concluded that the introduction of the above methods into the compulsory individual program for the regenerative treatment of patients presenting with osteoarthritis is pathologically substantiated since it greatly contributes to the reduction of pain and retardation of the progress of the disease. The main pharmaceutical preparations for the OA treatment remain to be slow-acting symptomatic medicines possessed of the chondro-protective effect.

Under the term "osteoarthritis" (OA) is currently meant a clinical syndrome resulting from the combined effect of articular pain and disordered functional activity leading to the deterioration of the quality of life of the patients. The principal objective of rehabilitation of the patients presenting with GA in which all patients with this condition are in need practically after each next aggravation of the pathological process is to relive pain syndrome and restore the functional ability of the joints lost or deteriorated after each exacerbation in order to eventually improve the quality of life of the patients experiencing the constantly progressing degenerative process in the musculoskeletal system. The effectiveness of pain alleviation, the degree of improvement'of the joint functional activity and the general condition of the patient are considered as the criteria for the assessment of the effectiveness of the rehabilitative treatment. These criteria have been chosen in accordance with the recommendations of the OMERACT international working group (outcome measures in rheumatology). In addition, the quality of life associated with the health status and the adverse effects of the rehabilitative measures were estimated. Bearing in mind comorbidity in the patients presenting with OA, one of the main challenges is the development of the scientifically sound rationale for the application of non-pharmacological technologies of physical therapy, remedial gymnastics and massage for the prevention and elimination of an aggravation of the secondary aseptic inflammatory process associated with OA and the subsequent rehabilitative treatment for the restoration of the lost locomotory stereotype and the quality of life of the patients. One of the effective methods of physical therapy used for the treatment and rehabilitation of the patients presenting with GA is hyperbaric gaseous cryotherapy. This method makes use of the heat rejection phenomenon to which the organism responds, either in the compensatory or/and reflectory mode, by the activation of the heat production processes in the tissues due to the stimulation of the metabolic processes as well as the vascular, neuroendocrine, and immune systems involved in the regulation of homeostasis which produces the desired therapeutic effect apparent as the cessation of secondary aseptic inflammation and progressive degeneration process associated with OA. Taking into consideration the aforesaid, the objective of the present study was the scientifically sound substantiation of the application of hyperbaric gaseous cryotherapy as a constituent of the combined rehabilitative treatment of the patients presenting with gonarthritis and a coxarthrosis. This article was designed to report the results of such combined treatment obtained in 110 patients (22 men and 88 women) with gonarthritis and a coxarthrosis of the II-III stages (based on the classification of Kellgren). The patients aged from 40 to 75 years which were randomly divided into two groups (the main and the control (comparison) groups) comprising 55 patients each. The patients of the main group, unlike those in the control one, were treated with the use of hyperbaric gaseous cryotherapy in addition to traditional physical therapy and balneotherapy, therapeutic physical exercises, and massage. The results of the treatment were evaluated making use of the Lequesne, WOMAC, Likert international indices. It allowed to identify the predictors for the use of hyperbaric gaseous cryotherapy and to increase the effectiveness of the rehabilitative treatment of the patients suffering from OA of the large joints by 33% in comparison with the control group. The highest clinical effectiveness of 90% was achieved in the cases of at a.gonarthritis; it was somewhat lower (64%) in the cases of coxarthritis.

Aim: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the possibilities for the correction of muscular disorders associated with ankylosing spondylitis and their correction with the help of whole body cryotherapy., Material and Methods: The study included 55 patients randomly allocated to two groups. Group 1 was comprised of the patients treated with the use of the common mineral baths, physiotherapy, therapeutic physical exercises, spinal massage, and whole body air-cryotherapy. Group 2 contained the patients who were treated in a similar way with the exception of whole body cryotherapy; they served as controls. Muscular disorders were diagnosed by means of functional muscular testing., Results: The study has demonstrated the high prevalence of muscular disorders in the patients suffering from ankylosing spondylitis. Moreover, it revealed the profile of such disorders associated with ankylosing spondylitis and showed significant correlation between the results of functional muscular testing, BASMI and BASFI indices as well as characteristics of chest excursions (p<0.01). The analysis of the results of the treatment gave evidence of the higher effectiveness of the combined treatment including whole body cryotherapy in comparison with the alternative therapeutic modalities employed in the present study. This therapeutic modality ensured the statistically more pronounced improvement of functional muscular testing parameters (p<0.05), muscle strength and extensibility, as well as certain other clinical and functional characteristics. The groups of muscles most susceptible to cryogenic therapy have been identified., Conclusion: The data obtained in the present study shed light on some specific features of the action of whole body cryotherapy accounting for its corrective influence on the muscular disorders in the patients presenting with ankylosing spondylitis. It is concluded that the proposed approach can be recommended for the introduction in the combined therapeutic and rehabilitative treatment of muscular disorders associated with ankylosing spondylitis.

The aim of this study was a comparative analysis to the degree of stability of human epidermal cells found at different stages of differentiation to low temperatures. The effect of different subzero temperatures of liquid nitrogen vapor on keratinocytes found both in human skin fragments and as isolated cells extracted from skin fragments has been studied. The degree of stability of epidermal cells low temperatures was evaluated by their ability to form a multilayer stratum in culture; hence this phenomenon explains the survival of a sufficient amount of proliferative cells after exposure to subzero temperatures. Quantitative analysis of the ratio of epidermal stem, transitory and differentiated cells in a population of viable cells before and after exposure to low temperatures were determined using antibodies corresponding to their different stages of differentiation. The results of this research show that the stability of human epidermal cells to low temperature differs depending on their stage of differentiation both in situ and in vitro. Epidermal stem cells and transitory cells are more stable than differentiated cells.

Demodecosis is wide spread chronic skin disorder caused by the mite - Demodex folliculorum. It frequently involves the mid facial region: nasolabial folder, the nose, the chin and eyes. The treatment depends on the severity of the inflammatory skin disorder and includes complex of oral and topical drug treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the efficiency of criotherapy in complex treatment of demodecosis. We have observed 38 patients of both sexes aged 19-54. The patients were divided into two groups - "A" and "B". Patients with erythematosquamose form of the disease were treated with Trichopol peros and oral antibiotics in case of inflammatory lesions. For topical treatment in group "A" Rosamet cream was used. In group "B" Rosamet cream and criotherapy were used. The results of our study have demonstrated effectiveness of criotherapy in combination with Rosamet cream. A significantly faster decrease of inflammatory lesions and reduce the erythema was observed in group "B". Therefore the usage of criotherapy with Rosamet cream is recommended to get quick therapeutic effect.

We used combinations of taxan-based neoadjuvant and adjuvant full-dose chemotherapy and aggressive combined radiotherapy including clinical target volume extension, increased total dosage, hyperthermia, cryo- and local chemotherapy as radiosensitizers, for treatment of invasive and locally-advanced breast cancer or endometrial carcinoma with poor prognosis. 3D-ultrasound/CT/MRI--based designing of radiotherapy and monitoring of dynamic definition of target volume and "high risk volume" in organs at risk in cases of tumor progression was an indispensable measure. As a result, no local recurrence was reported in 73% for 36 months.

The authors dwell upon the structure and functioning of the nociceptive system and modification of pain sensitivity by ambient factors like air temperature and atmospheric pressure.

A trend towards an increase of malignant tumors observed during the recent 30-40 years, an unsatisfactory efficiency of enucleation as of a method applicable to treating such tumors and the designing of a modern technical basis stimulated a new trend in ophthalmooncology, i.e. organ-saving treatment. Outlined in the paper is an analysis of achievements of modern radiation treatment techniques and of local surgical extraction of tumors suggested both by Russian and foreign researchers; the methods are shown to be promising for future development.

Rehabilitation results were evaluated in 85 osteoarthrosis (OA) patients. Systemic analysis methods were used: factor (method of the leading components), cluster and determination. This approach allowed to reveal new relationships between clinical symptoms of OA, their changes in response to rehabilitation. The comparative analysis of various rehabilitation complexes specified some advantages and drawbacks of these complexes which remained unclear in clinical examination or after standard statistical processing. The above complex of methods of systemic analysis proved to be an effective tool in understanding mechanisms of action of different rehabilitation complexes in OA patients.

An original method of cryotherapy is presented. After each exposure during standard fractionation regimen tumor was cooled to 0-5 deg C in 20 patients with locoregional skin cancer of the face. Complete remission was registered in 18 cases of good cosmetic effect. Recurrence was reported in 2 cases during 9 month--10 year follow-up.

In the patients with an acute purulent lactational mastitis were studied the rate and aetiology of lactogenous fistula (LF) and its influence on the disease course. Classification of LF was elaborated, were substantiated suboperational prophylaxis and early treatment of LF using the "governed" lactation, cryotherapy. For the lengthy functioning LF the tactics of treatment was determined.

Sixty-eight children with peripheral uveitis (PU) were examined, which is 11.5% of the total number of children with endogenous uveitis. In addition to the classical signs of PU, children often develop papillitis, corneal precipitations, and diffuse cataracts which are formed early. Clinical and immunological correlations were revealed, indicating a relationship between the clinical features and the disease etiology and pathogenesis: herpetic forms of PU (infectious and infectious-allergic) with immunopathological reactions to the retinal S-antigen only during late stages when the process takes a chronic course. Differentiated treatment strategy of PU with due consideration for the detected features is proposed.

The treatment was made of 15 children aged 3-6 months with advanced hemangiomatosis of the head, face, neck and larynx. The treatment combined hormone therapy, sclerotherapy of the tumor, staged cryodestruction of the external and endolaryngeal nodes. In one case the arterial occlusion was performed. Good cosmetic results and recovery of adequate respiration were achieved in 13 children.