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Trolley rack is a material handling that significantly affects production productivity in Indonesian Tea factories. The design of this tool needs to consider the anthropometric approach. This study raises the problem of the dimensions of the trolley racks used in the industry without thinking about the anthropometric approach. Of the twenty-two trolley rack operators, 92.5% of workers experienced back pain when operating the equipment. This problem has an impact on musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), which causes a decrease in effectiveness and workers. The REBA and Nordic Body Map Questionnaire methods are used to obtain optimal operator posture analysis related to the redesign of the trolley rack. Five anthropometric dimensions of a comfortable trolley rack were obtained, including shoulder height (SH), standing shoulder width (STW), leg length (FL), foot width (FW), and hand grip width (HGW). The final anthropometric dimensions of this tool are SH = 126 cm, STW = 33 cm, FL = 11 cm, FW = 13 cm, and HGW = 5 cm. Using new trolley racks in this study increased productivity by 80%.

Determining the physical development of the population of the regions is quite convenient within the framework of identifying the level of public health, while it is very important to track changes in the physical health of adolescents entering the reproductive phase of life, depending on the periods of development of the country. The aim of this study was to identify significant changes in the morphological profile of adolescents in Penza and Penza region over 15 years. Material and methods. The object of the study were 492 people of both sexes, 16 to 21 years of age, born and permanently residing in Penza and settlements of Penza region, divided into two groups according to the year of birth (group 1 – born in 1986–1990, 2 group – born in 1999–2004). Anthropometry and somatometry were carried out by the method of V.V. Bunak with subsequent comparative analysis of statistical indicators. For a comparative assessment of the level of physical development and identification of significant differences between the two groups, the following index methods were used: body mass, Rohrer, Erisman, Pignet, Rees-Eysenck, Tanner. Results and discussion. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that Penza residents of 1999–2004 birth, compared with predecessors, there was a significant increase in the studied absolute anthropometric parameters with a simultaneous shortening of the hand and shin length. Among the representatives of the modern youth of the region, when compared with the group of 1986– 1990 birth, the number of people with mesomorphy increased by 2.2 times, the number of people with overweight – by 1.5 times, the number of individuals with a narrow chest – by 1.3 times, the number of cases of a low degree of physical development, hypersthenic type (according to the results of calculating the Rees-Eysenck index) – by 1.2 times, at the same time the number of normosthenics increased by 1.1 times (according to the results of calculating the Pignet index). Conclusions. Comparative analysis showed significant changes in the constitution of the autochthons of Penza region of adolescents over 15 years.

Background. Overweight and obesity significantly increase the risk of premature death and the development of chronic diseases. Many anthropometric indices have been developed to verify obesity, although the best among them still remains undetermined.The aim. To determine the sex and age specificities of the dynamics of anthropometric indicators characterizing obesity.Materials and methods. The program was implemented in the period from 2015 to 2020. It provided for the implementation of a sample research. The baseline research included 1,124 women and 476 men. The average age was 54.9 ± 9.75 years and 52.6 ± 10.0 years, respectively. To identify gender specificities, all participants were divided into three age groups: 35–49 years old, 50–59 years old, and 60–70 years old. The observation period was 3 years. To determine the level of visceral fat, the VS-532 fat mass analyzer (Tanita Health Equipment HK Ltd., Hong Kong) was used. Body mass index (BMI), waist-hip index (WV/HV), visceral obesity index (VOI) were also calculated. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the program Statistica 6.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA).Results. New cases of obesity developed in 30.6 % of the surveyed. There was an increase in the prevalence of obesity according to the criteria of WV (by 8.9 %) and VFL (by 5.4 %) and a decrease in the number of people who are obese according to WV/HV – by 4.2 %. Of all the indicators, only VOI showed a statistically significant decrease in the mean values over the observed period, while BMI, WV and VFL showed an increase.Conclusions. It is necessary to apply various criteria for the diagnosis of obesity, since individual indices are not able to fully reflect the gender and age specificities of the distribution of fat in the body

Students’ adjustment to higher education process depends largely on the body’s individual features. The student’s physiological and psychological status, as well as the initial motivational setting attitudes are the determining factors. Given this backcloth, the search for ways to improve the health, while aiming at enhancing future qualified specialists’ working and adjustment capacity, appears to be an issue of utmost importance.Material and methods. A longitudinal study involving university students of different years was carried out, through which anthropometric data were evaluated for the same students in their 1st year and then – in their 2nd year of training; the concentration of testosterone and cortisol in saliva, thyroid-stimulating hormone and triiodothyronine in blood serum was measured by ELISA; also, psychophysiological values were estimated through unified questionnaires.Results. The results showed that over the course of education, the students had their hemoglobin concentration, average hemoglobin content in erythrocytes, and leukocyte number decreased. Notable was a significant increase in 3rd year students’ thyroid-stimulating hormone content and a decrease of triiodothyronine and testosterone. A test relying on the Buss – Durkee Hostility Inventory helped to detect an increase in the aggression and suspicion criterion indicators among senior students if matched versus similar values obtained for their freshmen-counterparts.Conclusions. The research outcomes expand the informational and the methodological base required to evaluate an average student’s functional status from the standpoint of a systematic approach and the theory of the norm. Besides, such data will offer an insight into the main mechanisms behind stressinducing, just like stress-limiting, adjustment strategies. This study of the morphofunctional status indicators allows – while within the annual health monitoring approach – identifying the regulatory and the adjustment capacities in students, both at the time they are enrolled as freshmen and further, thus helping predict the potential risk of maladjustment, which, in turn, may serve a useful tool in taking preventive measures, the final goal being to maintain students’ health through their higher education training period.

Background. Studying the variability of anthropo- and bioimpedance parameters of elderly and senile men makes it possible to carry out timely preventive measures, reveal diseases in the early stages and apply personalized therapeutic measures. Material and methods. The biometric characteristics of elderly (61–75 years, group I – n = 68) and senile (76–90 years, group II – n = 61) men were studied using anonymized (with known gender and age) dates of anthropo- and bioimpedance-metric parameters with phase angle values within age norms from the archives of the Center for Prevention and Health of Engels, Saratov Region. Total dimensions, component composition of the body, and impedance indicators were determined. Results. In senile men, relative to the elderly, there is a statistically significant decrease in length, body weight, hip girth, fat, lean, active cell mass, total fluid, ecto- and mesomorphy indicators (p < 0.05); Waist circumference and endomorphy index also decrease, but the differences do not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). Active and reactance increases (p < 0.05), and the increase in specific basal metabolism does not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). Variability of varying degrees in the studied parameters was revealed. Conclusion. Most of the studied parameters (total dimensions, body fractions) in old age relative to older men decrease; impedance indicators such as active and reactance in relation to body length and specific basal metabolism (basic metabolism in relation to body surface area) increase. The closeness (strength) and direction of the connections, as well as the degree of variability of the parameters, were revealed.

Studying not only individual students indicators of students, but complex intersystem interactions that reflect the specifics of adaptive capabilities is of scientific interest. The aim of the study. To reveal the features of intersystem interactions of indicators of the blood vessels functional state, morphological and neurodynamic characteristics of students with different types of autonomic regulation, living in the KhantyMansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. Methods. 429 first–fourth-year students (348 girls, 80 boys) of the Surgut State Pedagogical University were examined. The initial type of autonomic regulation was determined by the average duration of electrocardiogram RR intervals. Anthropometry parameters (body length and weight) and body composition were assessed using Tanita BC-601 device (Tanita, Japan), vascular wall elasticity – using AngioScan-01 (AngioScan-Electronics Ltd, Russia), neurodynamic indicators – using NS-PsychoTest device (Neurosoft, Russia). Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistica 7.0 software (StatSoft Inc., USA). We used the nonparametric Mann – Whitney U-test to evaluate differences and the nonparametric Pearson R-test to analyze correlations. Results. An increase in the stiffness of the vascular wall of large and small arteries in girls is accompanied by an increase in parasympathetic activity. In young men, an increase in the stiffness of large arteries raises with an increase in sympathoadrenal activity, while a compensatory increase in the stiffness of small muscular arteries is noted with an increase in parasympathetic activity. In persons with the sympathicotonic type of autonomic regulation, an excess content of fat mass, an increased frequency of visceral obesity, and a deficiency in water content were registered. With the predominance of the parasympathetic component contribution to the regulation of cardiac rhythm, an increase in the processes of inhibition in the central nervous system was noted. In young men, reduced sensorimotor reactions are consistent with sympathetic activation in the regulation of heart rate. Correlation analysis made it possible to establish some features in the interaction of the vascular, morphological and central nervous systems. Conclusion. Differences in indicators of functional systems (physical development, blood flow, neurodynamic characteristics) in the examined groups of students are shown, taking into account gender and autonomic regulation type. Features of intersystem interactions of indicators of physiological systems of students’ bodies with different types of autonomic regulation were revealed.

When designing parachutists' clothing in the airspace, it is necessary to take into account the influence of dangerous and harmful factors in relation to them, including external environmental factors in which the parachutist is located, functional positions, movements performed by parachutists are established and analyzed, as well as consumer preferences are studied in detail. The process of designing a suit for skydiving in airspace includes the following important stages: the relationship of clothing and anthropometric points in accordance with the requirements of ergonomics. It takes into account the choice of a package of materials based on comparable characteristics of clothing in the process of protecting the human body, the development of the design of the projected product based on a mathematical model, the reduction of the process of long-term study of the structure. And at the design stage, it allows you to get products with a high level of ergonomics. The proposed information and logical scheme for designing an ergonomic suit for skydiving allows you to determine the type, sequence and relationship of work at each stage of the design. In the course of the study, polynomial dependences of changes in the dynamic effects of dimensional features of parachutists' figures on angular biomechanical parameters of movements in the main links were revealed. Special clothing that determines the compliance of parachutists in the airspace with the conditions of the study of anthropometric points that change based on movement is determined by functional and ergonomic features. At the same time, the variability of the type of the initial model designs of workwear is justified in accordance with the variety of design conditions for movement in airspace.

Background. Constant monitoring and identification of trends in changes in the physical development of childhood and adolescence leads to the most effective detection of diseases that affect the gene pool and reduce the working capacity of the country’s population. The purpose of the study is to identify significant changes in the somatometric and anthropometric profiles of adolescents by the example of residents of Penza region aged 17-21, divided into 2 groups according to the year of birth. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal of the study, we used the results of anthropometric and somatometric studies of 207 boys aged 17-21 years old, born and permanently residing in Penza and settlements of Penza region, divided into 2 groups according to the year of birth: the 1st group was 110 boys 1986-1990 birth, the 2nd group consisted of 97 young men in 1999-2004 birth. Variation-statistical methods were used to compare the results of the examination of the two groups. Results. The changes affected both anthropometric indicators and the results of calculating the indices. The representatives of the 2nd group showed an increase in standing height, a latitudinal increase in the axial skeleton with a simultaneous decrease in chest circumference. There was a significant change in the length of the upper and lower limbs. An increase in the number of people with a narrow chest, normosthenic and asthenic body types is characteristic; there was an increase in the number of cases of underweight and overweight, mesomorphy, persons with a low and moderate degree of physical development. Conclusions. The study revealed significant changes in the anthropometric and somatometric profile of Penza residents.

Aim. To assess the anthropometric characteristics and functional state of the cardiovascular system in qualified athletes of various sports.Material and methods. A total of 136 male athletes were examined. Qualified athletes (n=116) (age, 22,07±4,10 years, sports experience 9,56±3,08 years) were divided into groups: I (n=30) — wrestling, judo, II (n=27) — cross-country skiing, biathlon, III (n=33) — powerlifting, IV (n=26) — volleyball. Control group (n=20) consisted of those training less than 3 years. We performed anthropometry with assessment of body height and weight, chest circumference, body surface area, body mass index (BMI), Pignet index, Erisman index, grip and back strength test. Echocardiography, cycle ergometry with assessment of physical working capacity (PWC170) and maximum oxygen consumption (MOC). The relationship between traits was assessed using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rs). Critical significance level was p=0,05.Results. According to echocardiography, qualified athletes had significant differences in structural parameters. Group II was characterized by an increase in left ventricular (LV) volumetric dimensions and identified correlations of BMI and body surface area with end-diastolic dimension (r=0,602), end-diastolic volume (r=0,591), end-systolic volume (ESV) (r=0,429), stroke volume (r=0,597), PWC170 (r=0,550). Groups I and III were characterized by an increase in LV posterior wall (LVPWT) and interventricular septal (IVST) thickness. In group I, there was a relationship between body surface area and LVPWT (r=0,413); Pignet index with MOC (r=0,623); PWC170 with Erisman index (r=0,573), strength of the right (r=0,610) and left hand (r=0,515), back muscles (r=0,445). Group III had the highest BMI and body surface area, while relationships were identified with LVPWT (r=0,426), IVST (r=0,409), LV mass (LVM) (r=0,453), and back muscle strength (r=0,464); the Erisman index correlated with LVM index (r=0,359). In group IV, the parameters of height, body weight and body surface area are interrelated with LVM (r=0,731), LVPWT (r=0,523), IVST (r=0,399), ESV (r=0,504), end-systolic dimension (r=0,467), right hand strength (r=0,583).Conclusion. The relationships established by correlation analysis showed that anthropometric features are important components and criteria for assessing cardiac hemodynamics function in qualified athletes, depending on the type of sport and the duration of training, which must be taken into account when achieving sports results.

AIM. The purpose of this work was to study the somatotypological characteristics of patients with non-communicable diseases and obesity of class 1, 2 and 3; compare three methods to evaluate the somatotype using three types of complex formulas according to the Heath-Carter scheme; to check the reliability and informativeness of the method of bioimpedance evaluation of somatotype components by regression formulas used in bioimpedance analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS. 145 patients (67 men, mean age 41.4±10.3 years and 78 women, mean age 40.6±9.4 years) with class 1, class 2 and class 3 obesity, were examined at the clinic of the Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology. Anthropometric measurements were taken. Bioimpedance evaluation of body composition was performed using the analyzer ABC-01 "Medas". The somatotype was determined according to the Heath-Carter scheme using three types of complex formulas – based on anthropometry and based on a bioimpedance study of body composition. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Based on anthropometric and bioimpedance studies, a characterization of somatotypes according to the Heath-Carter scheme in patients with alimentary-dependent pathologies and class 1, class 2 and class 3 obesity is presented. Significant differences were shown in the values of the somatotype components ENDO and MESO, obtained by calculation using the formulas implemented in the software of the bioimpedance analyzer, from the values obtained by calculating by formulas based on anthropometry. CONCLUSION. The degree of gender dimorphism was different when determining the somatotype according to the Heath-Carter scheme in patients with class 1, class 2 and class 3 obesity, and it depended on what particular formulas were used to calculate the scores. Pronounced gender dimorphism was noted when using both versions of the regression formulas, because they take into account the gender of the individual being examined. It was shown that these formulas are not applicable for evaluation of the components of the somatotype in persons with obesity of class 1, class 2 and class, because the coefficients of determination do not correspond to those previously obtained for a group of people with normal BMI values. We consider it expedient to develop new regression equations for evaluation of the somatotype of the above category of patients.

The paper considers the creation of a diagnostic system based on morphological and biophysical indicators that allows us to understand the influence of the climatic component, as well as stress factors on the general physiological state of young people for further correction of preventive measures and preservation of the health of the peoples of the Far North. The aim of the study is a comprehensive assessment of the health of young people living in the Far North based on the results of bioluminescent saliva activity, stress-emotional state obtained before and after intense mental stress, as well as anthropometric and bioimpedance indicators. 117 students of the Medical Institute of Surgut State University took part in the survey at a young age (18-23 years) during the educational process (rest) and during the examination session (mental load) in the first half of the year of study (autumn-winter 2021). The stress-emotional state was assessed using the Spielberger-Khanin test, the functional state of students They were studied using bioluminescent salivary fluid testing, anthropometric and bioimpedance methods. Samples were obtained by spitting unstimulated saliva into a test tube. As a result of the study, regional features of the physique of young people were revealed, which indicates the formation of a phenotype adapted to living conditions in the northern region. The relationship between the stress-emotional status of adolescents and the level of inhibition of the bioluminescent enzymatic system by saliva samples taken before and after mental stress was shown. The value of the residual glow had an increased indicator for the state of rest and significantly reduced the intensity of the bioluminescent glow under mental stress. The methodological development obtained in the future will make it possible to effectively manage the methods and methods of diagnosing young people, taking into account the influence of external factors, climatic zones and conditions.

Recently, data on the use of mathematical models to determine the status of vitamin D in clinical practice in patients with various diseases appear in the literature, but there is no data on the creation of a mathematical model that allows screening in the general population. The creation of a mathematical model, with the help of which it is possible to identify groups at risk of vitamin D deficiency, will contribute to the reduction of laboratory research costs and allow screening of vitamin D status on a more massive and reasonable basis. Goal. Study of the relationship between the risk of vitamin D deficiency and anthropometric and laboratory parameters using mathematical modeling methods. Materials and methods. 928 residents of the southern region of Ukraine between the ages of 19 and 82 (average age - 47.2 years) were surveyed. Based on the correlation analysis of the studied data, the most influential data were selected as the following indicators: age, body mass index, atherogenicity coefficient, high-density lipoproteins, and the ratio of waist volume to hip volume. Conclusions. The study emphasizes the importance of anthropometric and laboratory parameters in predicting the risk of vitamin D deficiency. The use of mathematical modeling methods makes it possible to identify the most important risk factors and quantify their contribution. The results of the study may have important implications for public health by helping to identify high-risk groups in a timely manner.

The social role of the problem of obesity is determined by the threat of disability and a decrease in overall life expectancy due to the frequent development of serious concomitant diseases. Despite a significant number of studies on the effect of excess body weight on the level of 25(OH)D, there are still ongoing discussions about the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of obesity. The main described pathogenetic mechanism by which obesity negatively affects 25(OH)D levels is the redistribution of fat-soluble vitamin D in large amounts of adipose tissue. This leads to a decrease in the concentration of 25(OH)D in the blood serum. Goal. To determine the dependence of the level of 25(OH)D in blood serum on anthropometric indicators in residents of the southern regions of Ukraine. Materials and methods. During the study, 928 residents (women – 507; men – 421) of southern Ukraine aged 19 to 82 were examined. The results. The level of 25(OH)D in blood serum among the study participants ranged from 4.31 - 89.19 ng/ml. The prevalence of deficiency, insufficiency and sufficient level of vitamin D in the study group was 33.6%, 33% and 33.4%, respectively. The body mass index in the study group ranged from 16.1 kg/m2 to 41.3 kg/m2, while the average BMI in men was 25.2±4.0 kg/m2, and in women it was 25.6±4.5 kg/m2. In addition, an anthropometric analysis was conducted, namely, a waist-to-hip ratio assessment was conducted in order to determine the influence of these indicators on the level of 25(ОН)D in blood serum. Conclusions. A higher negative correlation was established between the level of 25(OH)D and BMI than the waist-to-hip ratio index. The hypothesis of the connection of vitamin D with the specified anthropometric indicators was confirmed, in particular, when comparing groups by BMI. It is worth noting that among people of both sexes, regardless of age, with an increase in BMI and waist circumference, a decrease in the level of 25(OH)D in blood serum is observed.

Background. Physical development is one of the generally recognized indicators of health. Scientific research aimed at studying the constitution and composition of the body of the male population using various techniques is an urgent task of modern medicine and human biology. The aim of the study was to determine the somatotypological features of the physical development of yakut men according to the Rees-Eisenck index. Materials and methods. An anthropometric and bioimpedance examination of 55 men of yakut nationality, the first and second periods of adulthood was conducted. The anthropometric part of the study included the measurement of body length and weight, waist and hip circumference, pelvic diameter and transverse chest diameter. Somatometric indices were calculated: BMI, Rohrer index, the ratio of waist circumference to buttocks. The definition of body types was carried out according to the Rees-Eisenck index. Bioimpedance measurement was carried out using the analyzer of body composition and balance of water sectors of the body ABC – 01 “Medass”. The amounts of relative and absolute fat mass, musculoskeletal mass, lean mass, active cell mass were determined. Statistical processing of the obtained material was carried out by parametric and nonparametric methods using the SPSS 17,0 application software package. Results. The predominant body type was the picnic type (76,6%). Comparison of the indicators revealed significantly large values of body weight, BMI, waist and buttock circumference, transverse chest diameter, pelvic diameter and relative fat mass in persons with a picnic body type. Parameters of musculoskeletal mass, lean mass and total hydration of the body in picnics were significantly lower than those of normostenics. Overweight and obesity were significantly more often registered in persons with picnic somatotype. Conclusion. Thus, the obtained anthropometric and bioimpedance data allow us to classify men with a picnical type of physique into a risk group for the development of pathology of different body systems.

Objective: to study the effect of genetic polymorphisms: rs rs9939609 (FTO gene), rs4994 (ADRB3 gene), rs1042713 (ADRB2 gene), rs2228570 (VDR gene), rs1801133 (MTHFR gene) on anthropometric and lipid metabolism indicators in athletes representing martial arts.Materials and methods: studies of anthropometric and biochemical parameters, genetic polymorphisms were carried out in 120 athletes (101 men and 19 women) who are engaged in martial arts. Anthropometric studies were performed by measuring height (cm), body weight (kg), followed by calculating body mass index (BMI, kg / m2). Biochemical nutritional status markers were determined using the ABX Pentra 400 analyzer (HORIBA ABX SAS, France) in an automatic mode. Genotyping was performed using allele­specific amplification using TaqMan probes complementary to polymorphic DNA regions and real­time detection of the results using reagent kits from Syntol, Russia. Studies were performed on the device CFX96 Real Time System (Bio­Rad, USA). Statistical processing of the results was performed using the PASW Statistics 20 system.Results: as a result of generic Diovan athletes martial artists on the risk of non­communicable diseases, discovered that the frequency of allele A of rs9939609 polymorphism of the FTO gene they have is 43.9 %, allele polymorphism rs4994 ADRB3 gene — 10.9 %, G allele of rs1042713 ADRB2 gene polymorphism — 52.6 %, G allele of the polymorphism rs2228570 VDR gene with 44.9 % and allele t of rs1801133 in the MTHFR gene to 36.7 %. An association was found between the value of anthropometric indicators in male martial artists and the presence of polymorphisms rs9939609 (FTO), rs1042713 (ADRB2) and rs2228570 (VDR).Conclusions: the reason for the identified dyslipidemia in martial artists may be not only the previously detected violations of the structure of their nutrition, but also the presence of certain genetic polymorphisms, in particular, rs4994 of the ADRB3 gene and rs1042713 of the ADRB2 gene.

Background. The purpose of the work is to study the somatotypological features and component composition of the young Gujarat women’s body. Materials and methods. The object of the study is 105 Gujarati girls aged 17-20 years. Results. The average body length of Gujarati girls was 156.83 ± 0.59 cm, body weight was 53.37 ± 1.09 kg. The average thickness of the skin-fat fold on the back was 1.89 ± 0.08 cm, on the shoulder in front was 0.89 ± 0.04 cm, on the shoulder behind was 1.18 ± 0.05 cm, on the forearm was 0.7 ± 0.03 cm, on the chest was 1.14 ± 0.05 cm, on the abdomen was 2.72 ± 0.12 cm, on the thigh was 2.7 ± 0.1 and on the lower leg was 1.44 ± 0.05. The skin fold on the back of the hand was 0.2 ± 0.01 cm. The mass of the fat component was 15.87 ± 0.75 kg, the mass of the muscle component was 7.34 ± 0.09 kg. The relative mass of the fat component was 28.57 ± 0.77 %, the relative mass of the muscle component was 31.29 ± 0.63 %, the relative mass of the bone component was 13.99 ± 0.16 %. Conclusions. The predominant component of body composition in groups with normal and underweight was muscle (10,21 %- 44,03 %), in groups with obesity and overweight was fat (10,37 %-58,10 %). The mean BMI of Gujarat women was lower than that of Chinese women and greater than that of Tunisian and Polish women. When comparing Gujarat young women with residents of Belgrade, it was determined that the largest number of girls in both groups have normal body weight, and the fewest are obese. Overweight and underweight were less common in Serbian girls than in Indian girls.

This study aims to analyze the Anthropometric and Biomotor Factors that Determine the Ability of Field Tennis Service on Achievement Development Students of FKOR UNS Surakarta. The method used in this study is a quantitative research approach using a confirmatory factor analysis design. Data were processed and analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and factor analysis using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Bartlett's Test. The population in this study were the 25 students of FKOR UNS tennis achievement coaching students. The sampling technique in this study used a total sampling technique. Data collection techniques using tests and measurements. Anthropometric factors that determine the ability to serve in tennis are weight with a value of 0.695, height with a value of 0.661 and arm length with a value of 0.628. The biomotor factors that determine the ability to serve in tennis are arm muscle power with a value of 0.863 and eye-hand coordination with a value of 0.653. Based on the results of the second analysis, it was found that the five variables had communalities values > 0.5. So it can be concluded that the greater the value of the communalities of these factors will provide benefits to students in coaching tennis achievements in serving tennis.Keywords: Anthropometry, Biomotor, Service Ability, Tennis

The knowledge of morphological development and their impact on motor skills in short-distance athletes should be one of the main concerns of athletics coaches, because any scientific research in the field of physical culture and sports is about proving the development and evaluation of anthropological characteristics which are responsible for achieving success in athletics. The purpose of this paper is to confirm the impact of some anthropometric characteristics in the execution of running speeds on short distances, specifically in running at 100, 200 and 400 meters to students aged 18 ± 6 years of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in Prishtina. The sample of this research has included a total of 60 students aged 18 years of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in Prishtina. The measurements were executed during September in the hall of the Faculty, while the 100, 200, and 400 meter runs in the stadium "Fadil Vokrri" Prishtina. The only condition that was used during the determination of the sample was: that the students are involved in regular physical education classes (and on the day of the measurement be healthy, without the flu, cold or other symptoms). The variables which are applied in this research have been 8 anthropometric variables and 3 motor-specific variables. The results obtained after their processing indicate that the impact of anthropometric variables is higher in running at 100, 200 and 400 meters. Short distance running and long distance running reduces the impact of anthropometric parameters whereas the influence of metabolic factors of energy production is increased. These results were also confirmed using regression analysis, so that groups of predictors of anthropometric characteristics, specific motor skills that statistically significantly influenced each variable of individual criteria. The world records below the 10-second limit, in the 100 m, near the 9-meter limit, show not only the high level of sports, but also the strong impact on the growth, especially of strength indicators, speed-strength, explosive force, as main and applied motor skills in sports and athlete’s everyday life.

The knowledge of morphological development and their impact on motor skills in short-distance athletes should be one of the main concerns of athletics coaches, because any scientific research in the field of physical culture and sports is about proving the development and evaluation of anthropological characteristics which are responsible for achieving success in athletics. This paper explores the impact of some anthropometric features on running 200 meters. The aim is to establish the link between the anthropometric and specific characteristics of running 200 meters, as a predictive system of running at 200 meters as a criterion system. The research was conducted by 60 male students aged 17±6months, in the gymnasium "Zenel Hajdini” Gjilan. The measurements were executed during September in the hall of the gymnasium, while the 200, meter runs in the stadium "City stadium "Gjilan. The only condition that was used during the determination of the sample was: that the students are involved in regular physical education classes (and on the day of the measurement be healthy, without the flu, cold or other symptoms).The variables which are applied in this research have been 8 anthropometric variables and 1 motor-specific variables. The results obtained after their processing indicate that the impact of anthropometric variables is higher in running at 200 meters. Short distance running and long-distance running reduces the impact of anthropometric parameters whereas the influence of metabolic factors of energy production is increased. These results were also confirmed using regression analysis, so that groups of predictors of anthropometric characteristics, specific motor skills that statistically significantly influenced each variable of individual criteria. The world records below the 19.20-second limit, in the 200 m, near the 19-meter limit, show not only the high level of sports, but also the strong impact on the growth, especially of strength indicators, speed-strength, explosive force, as main and applied motor skills in sports and athlete’s everyday life.

Background. Due to the change of a picture of population in Penza region caused by educational migration there is relevant a question of a research of anthropometrical these foreign students for comparison of variability of various sexual, age and racial signs. Materials and methods. The object of the study was 143 girls aged 16-20 years old, born in 1987-1989 in Penza and Penza region. The data for the study were taken from the database of anthropometric parameters of adolescents in the Penza region. Somatometry was carried out according to the method of V.V. Bunak, calculation of statistical indicators and indices. Results. It was found that the residents of the Penza region of this age period are characterized by normosthenic body type (in 53.15 % of cases), normal body weight (80.42 % of cases), predominantly narrow chest (67.13 %), medium and a high level of physical development according to the Rohrer index (39.16 % is equal for each indicator), an index of sexual dimorphism characteristic of their sex (86.71 % of gynecomorphs). Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the presence of regional features of the physical development of girls 16-20 years old born in 1987-1989, born and living in the Penza region.

Background. To reveal patterns of variability of anthropometry parameters and bioimpedance in women with gynoid type of adipose tissue distribution. Objects of research, methods. Women from 18 to 50 years old (n = 336) were studied, the objects of study were divided into age groups by decades. Group I consisted of women 18–20 years old (n = 54), II – 21–30 years old (n = 82), III – 31–40 years old (n = 86), IV – 41–50 years old (n = 114). Results. The body type was determined by the index of the ratio of the waist circumference to the circumference of the hips, in age groups, women with the gynoid type (TB < 0.8) were identified. On the analyzer for assessing the balance of the water sectors of the body with the software “ABC-01 Medass”, the parameters of bioimpedancemetry were determined. Anthropometrically determined the total size, component composition of the body, indicators of endo-, ecto- and mesomorphy. Conclusion. The characteristic of the physique of women with a gynoid type of distribution of adipose tissue aged 18–50 years is given.

The aim of this paper was to prove the relationship between motor skills and anthropometric characteristics as a predictive system with effectiveness and results in running the discipline at 400 meters as situational-motor variables of the criteria system. The research was done by testing 60 samples of men 18 years old, ± 6 months, of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in Prishtina. Regarding the anthropometric variable, bigger correlation has been shown by the variable dermal tipple of the arm (AMTP) which correlate positively with running in 400 meter, from which we can conclude that the fullest in the upper limbs are students, the more slowly realize running in the 400 meters and conversely. The measurements were executed during September in the hall of the Faculty, in 400 meter runs in the stadium "FadilVokrri" Prishtina. The only condition that was used during the determination of the sample was: that the students are involved in regular physical education classes (and on the day of the measurement be healthy, without the flu, cold or other symptoms). The variables which are applied in this research have been 8 anthropometric variables and 1 motor-specific variables. The results obtained after their processing indicate that the impact of anthropometric variables is higher in running 400 meters. Short distance running and long distance running reduces the impact of anthropometric parameters whereas the influence of metabolic factors of energy production is increased. These results were also confirmed using regression analysis, so that groups of predictors of anthropometric characteristics, specific motor skills that statistically significantly influenced each variable of individual criteria. The results obtained from regression analysis indicate that in the variable 400 m running from low start (MV400MU) does not affect any anthropometric variables applied.We can emphasize that the test (F-test) is more valuable if the multiple correlation is greater, in the concrete case of this paper is significant (Sig = 0.645), because the value of the F-test is = 0.753.

Objective: University professors are prone to show physical and psychological diseases related to excessive workload. Such overwork can affect the functioning of the autonomic nervous system, leading to a decrease in heart rate variability (HRV). HRV reflects the continuous fluctuation of the R-R intervals due to sympathetic and parasympathetic actions in the heart and is associated with good physical and psychological health. We aimed to evaluate whether psychological stress and anthropometric and clinical variables influence HRV at rest in professors. Methods: University professors of both sexes (N=65; 41 men) participated. We collected Anthropometry and Clinical variables, Psychological stress, and HRV parasympathetic parameters (square root mean squares of the differences between RR intervals: RMSSD, number of successive differences between RR intervals, which are > 50 ms: NN50 and high frequency – HF). Results: Four principal components (PCs) represented 68.29% of the data total variation. Principal component 1 (PC1) was called the good cardiac regulation component. PC2 was called the component of reduced stress symptoms. PC3 was named favorable working conditions component. PC4 was denominated component of labor and physiological deregulation. Each HRV parameter was associated with each PC through the use of regression models. The RMSSD was positively associated with PC2. The NN50 was positively associated with PC2 and PC3. HF was positively associated with PC3 and PC4. Conclusions: HRV parasympathetic parameters, which represent good physical and mental health, are positively associated with the components of reduced stress symptoms, favorable working conditions, and labor and physiological deregulation.Objetivo: Professores universitários são propensos a apresentar doenças físicas e psicológicas relacionadas à carga horária excessiva. Esse excesso de trabalho pode afetar o funcionamento do sistema nervoso autônomo, levando a uma diminuição da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC). A VFC reflete a flutuação contínua dos intervalos RR devido às ações simpáticas e parassimpáticas no coração e está associada a uma boa saúde física e psicológica. Objetivamos avaliar se o estresse psicológico e as variáveis antropométricas e clínicas influenciam a VFC em repouso em professores. Métodos:Participaram professores universitários de ambos os sexos (N = 65; 41 homens). Coletamos variáveis antropométricas e clínicas, estresse psicológico e parâmetros parassimpáticos da VFC (raiz quadrada da média dos quadrados das diferenças entre os intervalos RR: RMSSD, número de diferenças sucessivas entre os intervalos RR, que são> 50 ms: NN50 e alta frequência - HF). Resultados: Quatro componentes principais (PCs) representaram 68,29% da variação total dos dados. O componente principal 1 (PC1) foi denominado componente de boa regulação cardíaca. PC2 foi chamado de componente de redução dos sintomas de estresse. O PC3 foi denominado componente de condições favoráveis de trabalho. PC4 foi denominado componente do parto e desregulamentação fisiológica. Cada parâmetro de VFC foi associado a cada PC por meio do uso de modelos de regressão. O RMSSD foi positivamente associado ao PC2. O NN50 foi associado positivamente com PC2 e PC3. HF associou-se positivamente com PC3 e PC4. Conclusões: Os parâmetros parassimpáticos da VFC, que representam boa saúde física e mental, estão positivamente associados aos componentes de redução dos sintomas de estresse, condições favoráveis de trabalho e desregulamentação fisiológica e laboral.

Aim of the study was to explore the gender characteristics of the circadian rhythm of carbohydrate metabolism in men and women with normal body weight. Materials and methods. 15 men and 22 women aged 18 to 56 entered the study and underwent clinical, antropometric, biochemical and hormonal examination. Standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also performed in the morning and in the evening. Results and discussion. During OGTT performed in morning time there were no differences in mean baseline blood glucose levels between men and women. However higher glucose levels at 120th minute of the test in men demonstrated relative deceleration of glucose utilization in the morning in this group. Higher glucose levels at 120th minute during OGTT in the evening both in men and women comparing with baseline results, and also higher glucose levels at 120th minute of the test in the evening comparing with morning test, indicate decreased glucose tolerance. Insulin to glucose ratio values in men at all timepoints during OGTT were comparable in the morning and in the evening, but in women they were found to be higher in the evening than in the morning. Conclusion. In evening time both in men and women with normal body weight reduced rate of glucose utilization in peripheral tissues reflects circadian rhythm of carbohydrate metabolism. Gender differences of the circadian rhythm of carbohydrate metabolism consist in reduced glucose tolerance in the morning in men comparing to women that is associated with higher waist to hip circumference ratio in men which in turn is related to cumulation of visceral adipose tissue. Presumably greater amount of visceral adipose tissue in men determines more pronounced manifestations of insulin resistance in the morning.

Objective: comparative analysis of body composition indicators obtained by two methods of data registration — anthropometry and bioimpedance measurement, and analysis of the distribution of subcutaneous fat on the body of football players in accordance with the playing role.Materials and methods: аnthropometric measurements and bioimpedance studies of body composition were carried out in 24 football players of the Moscow football club of the second division professional football league. The average age of the athletes was 24.16 ± 0.87 years.Results: the survey involved 24 football players of the Moscow football club of the professional football league of the second division. The average age of the players was 24.16 ± 0.87 years. When determining the composition of the body using two methods, it was found that the calculation method and the bioimpedance method give different results. On average, the calculation method shows higher indicators of body fat mass (%FBM = 18.9 ± 1.04) than the bioimpedance method (%FBM = 14.7 ± 0.76), the differences are significant (p < 0.05). Moreover, differences in muscle mass are insignificant — in terms of BIA %SMM = 47.06 ± 0.59, according to the calculation method %SMM = 47.0 ± 0.63 (the differences are unreliable, p > 0.05). There were no differences in the component composition of the body of football players depending on the game role. The topography of subcutaneous fat on the body of athletes-football players has certain patterns, but does not depend on the playing role of athletes.Conclusion: the analysis revealed differences in the body composition data of football players obtained using two registration methods. The data of the study can serve as model criteria for body composition and the distribution of subcutaneous fat on the body of athletes for selection in football activities and for comparative characterization and discussion of the results of similar studies.

Purpose: to identify and compare the characteristics of the physical development of people engaged in powerlifting, depending on the age and the level of sportsmanship. Material and methods: to achieve this goal, the physical development of 32 male powerlifters was studied. To determine the physical development of athletes engaged in powerlifting, an anthropometric survey was conducted in a prominent contingent. Results: according to the results of the calculation of the average values of the Pinier index, which determines the strength of the physique, it was found that in all studied groups a very strong physique prevails, but comparing age groups shows that qualified athletes have a more developed physique than their novice peers also reflected in the average shoulder diameter. The average indicators of the calculation of the Erisman index indicate that the studied contingent is characterized by chest hypertrophy, but the indicators of both groups of qualified athletes on average exceed those in the groups of beginners. Conclusions: it was found that skilled powerlifters differ on average more weight and body length standing and sitting, relative long-legged, strong physique, chest hypertrophy, but slightly reduced mobility, well-developed muscles of the upper shoulder girdle and thighs and back (as evidenced by dynamometry results). The life index is calculated, which determines the possibilities of oxygen supply to the body and takes into account body weight, on average in all studied groups slightly below normal. This indicates that powerlifting does not sufficiently affect the development of aerobic capacity of athletes. Analysis of body composition indicates the optimal percentage of adipose tissue in all four study groups, which indicates that the comparative disproportion of individual indicators of physical development of athletes is due to the predominance or, conversely, lack of bone and muscle mass, which also confirms compliance with age calculated body mass index.

Objective. To determine the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) morphological features of Baker’s cysts and to assess their correlation with the age of patients.Material and methods. The investigation was based on the assessment of MRI readings in 37 patients with Baker’s cysts; of them there were 29 (78.4%) women and 8 (21.6%) men. The mean age of the examinees was 60.3 years (25 to 82 years).Results. The mean dimensions of the cysts were measured. Their length, width, and height were 34 ± 2.1 mm, 5 ± 1.2 mm (range 4–31 mm), and 58 ± 2.9 mm, respectively. Their mean thickness was 0.7 mm. Intracystic chondral bodies were detected in 3 (7.5%) cases. These parameters were shown to be unrelated to age. It was found that all cysts were multi-chamber and an average of 6.8 chambers was detected. There was a weak, inversely proportional, statistically significant relationship between the age of the patients and the number of chambers in the cyst. The younger participants of the investigation exhibited no meniscal damage in an overwhelming case (57.1%); whereas complete and incomplete meniscal tears much more often occurred in older patients with Baker’s cysts (from 29 (78.4%) to 34 (91.9%) people, respectively).Conclusion. Degenerative bone and cartilage tissue changes in the joint increase with age, regardless of the cyst sizes.

The knowledge on morphological development and their impact on motor skills in short distance athletes should be one of the main preoccupations of athletics coaches, because any scientific research in the field of physical culture and sports is concerned with proving the development and evaluation of anthropological characteristics which are responsible in achieving success in athletics.The purpose of this paper is to prove the impact of some anthropometric, motor-specific characteristics and those of bone weight in short distance running, specifically in 100 meters, with students aged 19 ± 6 years, of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in Pristina.The sample of this research included a total of 75 students aged 19 of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in Pristina.The variables which were applied in this research were 7 anthropometric variables and 6 motor variables and 1 specific motor variable.Regression analysis in the manifest space was applied to determine the relationship between predictive variables (anthropometric and motor characteristics) and criterion variable (100 m running).

The article discusses the laws of ergonomics, anthropometry, 3D model form building and its adaptation in an urban environment. An overview of design concepts is given, and current methodological limitations and challenges of modular street furniture design in the context of changing urban environments are identified. 3D printing technology occupies an important place in modular furniture design, a strong global sector that quickly responds to the changing needs and expectations of individuals and urban environments. Today, innovations in the profession are becoming increasingly important modalities of design education, providing grounds for reflection and innovative production ideas for the generation of new models of life, including high-quality and comfortable urban environment. The goal of the designer is to integrate high-quality modular furniture for outdoor recreation into modern lifestyle models. This research work resulted in the development of sets of modular urban furniture have been developed for the campus of V.G. Shukhov State Technical University in Belgorod. The ultimate goal is to integrate digital additive technologies into design and to ensure the unity of the vision and comfortable use of modular elements by consumers in an urban environment.

Subject of Research. The paper considers an algorithm for the formation of color QR-codes for facial biometrics. Methods. The methods are based on image processing procedures, linear algebra methods and are implemented in MATLAB package environment. Main Results. We present a new graphics object: a color biometric QR code and a method of forming color QR codes in biometrics tasks. An algorithm for its implementation is described, a functional diagram of the device for its implementation is shown, examples of various variants of color biometric QR codes are given. Practical Relevance. The results obtained can be used in practical biometrics and its applications, and for creation of new types of test databases for face images.

Introduction. International volleyball games are very popular. One of the youngest events in this discipline is the Volleyball Nations League, created by FIVB. It is important for trainers and researchers in which direction the best teams in the world are developing. Monitoring morpho-functional changes allows you to track potential trends in volleyball. Purpose. The aim of the study was to analyze sports results and the somatic composition of the best six teams participating in the 2019 FIVB Volleyball Nations League in Chicago. Material and methods. Research material involved volleyball players participating in the FIVB Volleyball Nations League (n = 73). Their age, height, weight, spike reach, block reach, and Rohrer’s index were analyzed. The mean value of the features and their derivatives in individual teams and groups were calculated and verified using statistical tests (t-Student, Kolmogorov-Smirniv’s) if the differences were significant. Results. The subjects’ mean age was 26,73 years (SD = 3,73), mean body height was 200,25 cm (SD = 5,94), mean body weight was 89,70 kg (SD = 8,05), mean spike reach was 346,47 cm (SD = 10,87), mean block reach was 326,14 cm (SD = 12,66), mean Rohrer’s index was 1,12 (SD = 0,10). 94,52% of the volleyball players manifested the leptosomatic body composition, 5,48% the athletic one. The best team and the teams ranked 2-6 places in the analyzed tournament significantly differed in the block reach (P < 0,05). Conclusions. During the Final Six 2019 FIVB Volleyball Nations League in Chicago, the leptosomatic type of body was dominated by volleyballers at the highest level. The block reach significantly differentiate the winner of tournament and the others teams. These characteristics should be taken by trainers into account in team building to play men’s volleyball.

The purpose of this study was to determine anthropometry and dominant physical conditions to determine the achievement of 12-16 year old basketball athletes. This study used a population of basketball players aged 12-16 years in basketball clubs in Solo Raya, which numbered 60 players. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling technique. The technique of collecting data uses tests and measurements. Factor analysis in this study was carried out using the SPSS version 20.0 program with KMO and Bartlett's Test. The results showed that after analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis with KMO and Bartlett's Test, the dominant anthropometric factors had an effect on basketball games, namely arm range, height, length of leg, leg length, foot length, weight, and width of the foot. While the dominant physical condition factors influence basketball games, namely arm power, leg power, speed and agility. There are two factors in physical conditions which are included in the category of weak or less dominant after the athlete 12-16 years are flexibility in the box, and hand eye coordination.

Background: The purpose of this research was to know and to analyze (1) to find out if there is a relationship between physical condition factors and the risk of sports injury, (2) to find out whether there is a relationship between anthropometry factors and the risk of sports injury, and (3) is there a combination relationship between factors physical and anthropometric conditions against the risk of sports injury. Subject and Method: This research method uses a quantitative approach using correlation analysis. The populations in this study were all male students developing UNS football achievements totaling 97 people. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The sample in this study was a portion of 80 male students of UNS football achievement. Data collection techniques with tests and measurement. Result: The results of the study of physical and anthropometric factors on the risk of sports injury with the Pearson correlation coefficient number approaching 1 or -1 are: Speed with a value of -0.869, agility with a value of -0.960, endurance with a value of 0.922, Back flexibility with a value of 0.874, leg muscle strength with a value of 0.842, reaction time with a value of -0.799, dynamic balance with a value of 0.729, leg muscle power with a value of 0.678, Coordination eye-foot with a value of 0.699, body mass index with a value of -0.929, leg length with a value of 0.739. Conclusion: Correlations of physical and anthropometric factors to the risk of significant sports injuries are speed, agility, endurance, back flexibility, leg muscle strength, reaction time, dynamic balance, leg muscle power, ankle coordination, body mass index, leg length. Keywords: Physical condition, Anthropometry, Risk of sports injury

Nutrition is of great importance in maintaining normal growth and development of the child, ensuring the ability to learn and resistance to adverse environmental factors. Due to the higher need for nutrients, limited nutrient reserves, and particular characteristics of metabolic processes, children are more prone to the development of various nutritional disorders, in particular, protein and energy deficiency. The nutritional factor becomes of great importance on the background of the accompanying acute and chronic diseases in children. The studies convincingly demonstrated that malnutrition leads to a prolongation of hospital stay, increased frequency of complications and increased risk of adverse outcomes. Therefore, timely diagnosis of nutritional disorders is an essential factor in maintaining health and improving the children’s quality of life. The article presents the current classification of malnutritiion, illustrates the main stages of the anthropometric examination, identifies approaches to the differential diagnosis of protein-energy deficiency causes, and discusses the possibilities of nutritional support using specialized mixtures.

Background. Nasal anthropometry is an important aspect of maxillofacial and plastic surgery especially in the preoperative stage of rhinoplasty. Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) permits to assess quantitative the variant nasal anatomy using measuring.Aims: to determine the possibilities of MSCT-anthropometry in nasal configuration grade.Materials and methods. We performed a proand retrospective analysis of MSCT data of maxillofacial region of 50 patients (aged 35 ± 10.7 years old) with changes of nasal height and width and 35 women (32.9 ± 8.4 years old) with normal nasal configuration. The variant anatomy consists in long nose (n = 16), short nose (n = 17), wide nose (n = 17). The nasal height was measured from the nasal root (nasion) to the nasal base (subnasion), the nasal width is the distance between the most lateral aspects of the alae nasi. Besides, the nasal index was calculated. The descriptive statistics of obtained data were presented by mean and standard deviation (SD), also the multiple regression analysis was used. Values of p = 0.005 were considered statistically significant.Results. The results showed that the average nasal height in patients with normal configuration is 51.9 ± 2.63 mm, with short nose – 45.2 ± 1.36 mm, with long nose – 60.3 ± 1.28 mm. The mean nasal widths are 34.9 ± 1.88 mm in normal configuration, 38.8±3.57 in wide nose. The nasal indexes were calculated, their features were detected. These obtained results correlate with anthropometric data of different studies.Conclusions. MSCT-anthropometry is an objective imaging method of variant nasal anatomy that could provide improving quality of diagnostics of patients seeking rhinoplasty and choose a surgical approach.

The purpose of the research was to study physical health of patients with gastric cancer, the identification of markerspredictors of gastric cancer.Material and methods. This article presents the results of a survey with 150 patients diagnosed with stomach cancer. The research was conducted on the basis of the department of oncoabdominal surgery of Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncological Hospital named after A.I. Kryzhanovskiy in the period from 2016 to 2017. Patients with established gastric cancer, awaiting for surgical treatment, were examined using anthropometric methods of research. We evaluated the physical status of patients of different age diagnosed with stomach cancer. We also calculated body mass index and Tanner’s index of sexual dimorphism (1968), according to the last we determined the type of gender dimorphism. Distribution of healthy men and women in the population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory was taken for comparison.Results. We have obtained the following markers: overweight and obesity, sex inversion in men of the II period of adulthood and the elderly to gynecomorphy, and in women of the II period of adulthood – to mesomorphy.Conclusions. These markers are used for assessment of the physical status of patients with stomach cancer. They, together with the already known risk factors of gastric cancer development, will help to identify groups with an increased risk for gastric cancer development at the stage of medical examination of the population.

The study of the relationship between somatotypological features of a person and the course of diseases is today an important stage in the development of medical science. The somatotype is genetically determined and is a constant objective characteristic of a person from birth to death. Age changes, illnesses, increased physical activity change the size and shape of the body, but not the somatotype. To date, considerable theoretical and clinical material has been accumulated, which confirms the important role of the somatotype in the emergence and development of pathological processes in the human body. In the literature there are data on somatotypological features of the course of diseases of the respiratory system, cardiovascular and nervous systems, and the gastrointestinal tract. At the same time, when analyzing the literature data, we did not find any work on the effect of the somatotype on the course of benign hyperplasia andprostate cancer. The identification of these patterns will be a valuable contribution to the early diagnosis of the above listed diseases.

Aim. To study the advantages of ultrasound versus anthropometric assessment of muscle mass for early diagnosis of sarcopenia in patients >45 years of age.Material and methods. The study included 79 patients aged 4589 years with coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension, type 2 diabetes, heart failure, class 1-3 obesity. Diagnosis of hypertension was carried out according to the European (2018) and Russian (2019) guidelines; CAD — according to Russian Society of Cardiology (2020) guidelines. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to 2010 European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) criteria and 2018 EWGSOP2 guidelines. Muscle mass (MM) was determined by two methods: 1 — by measuring the rectus abdominis muscle (RAM) thickness using the ultrasound; 2 — by measuring the arm and lower leg circumference. Muscle strength was determined by wrist dynamometer. Muscle function was assessed using the 4-m gait speed test.Results. The study showed that in patients aged >45 years admitted to the emergency cardiology department, the body mass index exceeded 25 kg/m2 in 88,6% of cases. The incidence of sarcopenia of varying severity was 55,7% (n=44). The differences in RAM thickness, arm and lower leg circumference between the groups of patients with/without sarcopenia were significant (p45 years of age with cardiovascular diseases and obesity at earlier stages and to promptly recommend preventive measures.

Background. Study of the physical development of Gujarat girls and comparative analysis of the data obtained with the anthropometric characteristics of young people and other ethno-territorial groups. Materials and methods. The study targeted 105 Indian girls of the Gujarat ethnic group aged 17–20. The anthropometric survey was conducted according to the V.V. Bunak methodology using a set of standard anthropometric instruments. The study examined absolute anthropometric indicators, analyzed the profile of physical development by calculating indices. Results. The study found that the average height of Indian girls was 156,83 ± 0,59 cm, body weight – 53,37 ± 1,09 cm, shoulder width – 34,30 ± 0,19 cm, chest width – 23,03 ± 0,18 cm, pelvis width – 26,40 ± 0,22cm, chest circumference – 79,96 ± 0,54 cm. Conclusions. Girls of the Gujarat ethnic group had lower absolute anthropometric scores than the Penza and Krasnodar groups. However, somatotyping revealed a similar pattern: most girls in all groups had asthenic body type, narrow chest, and normal body mass. When the Sex Dimorphism Index was interpreted, it was found that Indian girls and Krasnodar girls were mostly characterized by mesomorphism, while the Penza girls were defined as the corresponding sex.

Background. The physical development features of young men from Gujarat (India) have been studied, a comparative data analysis obtained with the anthropometric characteristics of adolescents of other ethno-territorial groups has been carried out. Materials and methods. The research material consisted of 147 Gujarat Indian youths aged from 17 to 21 years old. Anthropometric examination was carried out according to the method of V. V. Bunak with a standard set of anthropometric instruments. The absolute anthropometric values were analyzed; the anthropometric profile was studied by calculating indices. Results. The study showed that the average height of Gujarat young men was 171,75 ± 0,50 cm, the body weight – 63,57 ± 1,17 kg, biacromial diameter – 39,80 ± 0,17 cm, the width of the pelvis – 26,70 ± 0,23 cm, the frontal diameter of the chest – 26,86 ± 0,18 cm, the circumference of the chest in the state of pause in breathing – 87,8 ± 0,68 cm. According to the Erisman index, the majority of Gujarat young men (44,9 %) had a narrow chest. According to the Rees-Eisenck index, the asthenic type was found in 47,6 %. According to the interpretation of the Pigne index, individuals with asthenic (37,4 %) body type predominated among the Gujarat young men. According to J. Tanner's index, it was revealed that andromorphic and mesomorphic body types were found with almost the same frequency among young men of the Gujarat people (48 % and 49 %). The body mass index showed that 51 % were of normal body weight. Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was revealed that young men of the Gujarat young men aged from 17 to 21 years old mainly had an asthenic body type and a narrow chest, while Penza and Krasnodar young men more often had a pyknic or normosthenic body type and a wide chest. Body weight was defined as normal in most cases among all groups. According to the index of gender dimorphism, andromorphy prevailed in all groups, but between Krasnodar and Gujarat students’ gynecomorphy was less common than in the Penza region.

Background. There are no data in the literature on the study and assessment of regional characteristics of body parameters and physical development of young men of the Republic of Mordovia at the age of 17–21 years old. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to study anthropometric indicators, body composition and the main indicators of male students’ physical development in the Republic of Mordovia in comparison with young people in other regions of Russia. Materials and methods. The object of the research was 1612 young male students (17–21 years old) of the Ogarev Mordovia State University, born and permanently living in the ecological conditions of the Republic of Mordovia. Anthropometric examination was carried out according to the method of V. V. Bunak (1941) using a standard set of anthropometric instruments. Results. A comparative analysis of the anthropometric parameters of young people in the Republic of Mordovia with representatives of other regions of Russia is carried out. It has been established that the youth men of the Republic of Mordovia in most cases have high chest circumference and shoulder width, have an andromorphic body type with an average body density. The majority have no excess body weight with an increased mass of fat and muscle components and a reduced mass of the bone component. Probably, it is the body’s response to external influences, as well as reduced physical activity and insufficient physical activity. Conclusion. The results obtained can be used in the preparation of regulatory documents, standards for the physical development of young men, as well as in the development of regional and university health programs for young men of the Republic of Mordovia.

A particularly interesting find came to light in the area of ancient Eleusis. This was a multiple burial in a porosarcophagus from the 5th century B.C., found in a cemetery with a sarcophagus complex in the ancient city of Eleusis. Cross burial was not common, either in this necropolis, or more generally in other areas in ancient Greece. Parts of several human skeletons were found in the sarcophagus. In the context of paleoanthropological and paleopathological study of the skeletons, an attempt to identify the sex and age of the individuals was made. Most people carry skeletal features of the female gender, in early adulthood, as in childhood. The questions raised by the interdisciplinary study also concerned determination of the number of individuals corresponding to the skeletal remains found. Identification was particularly demanding, because of the persistence of findings at different burial levels. The differential diagnosis of pathological bone changes required special attention, due to the conditions of the intermediate material and the soil in the burial area. One of the characteristic findings in a young female pelvis was a symmetrical exostosis at the center of the iliosacral joint. The question of a possible familial relationship between the individuals placed in the sarcophagus remains open. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Представлены новые возможности метода сигмальных отклонений, позволяющие изучать индивидуальные особенности физического развития человека. Рассмотренные 23 антропометрических показателя сравниваются со средней арифметической и средним квадратичным отклонением этого показателя, полученным для соответствующей возрастно-половой группы, и получается индивидуальный набор сигмальных отклонений всех этих показателей. Объединяя полученные показатели в определенные группы, проанализировано наличие различных пропорций в теле человека. Исследуется индивидуальный набор сигмальных отклонений, для каждого человека подбирается индивидуальный стандарт сравнения, с которым сравниваются все 23 показателя. Все показатели, отличающиеся от этого стандарта более чем на единицу, признаются за отклонения от индивидуального стандарта. Обнаруженные отклонения условно подразделяются на «преимущества» и «недостатки» телосложения. Зная величину условных недостатков, можно предложить индивидуальную программу исправления этих отклонений с помощью современных методик дозированных физических нагрузок с целью создания гармоничного телосложения.

A retrospective analysis of medical history of 1489 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax was made. The patients were hospitalized to the department of thoracic surgery in municipal hospital № 2. According to the data, the incidence rate of primary spontaneous pneumothorax was noted in men during last decade in Saint-Petersburg. The number of patients with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax didn’t considerably increase in spite of the growth of incidence of chronic obstructive lung disease. The secondary spontaneous pneumothorax took place in female population two times more, than in male.

The article details the pattern of a home nursing visit of a newborn. The authors advise when after birth the visit should take place and by whom, its purpose, the components of the newborn examination after discharge from maternity hospital, and recommendations for young parents.

There is a great interest in non-invasive markers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in clinical practice because liver biopsy is performed only for certain indications. Aim. Improvement of prognostication diagnosis of NAFLD in men and women of the first mature age by defining a set of anthropometric parameters of patients, who are under examination for various reasons. Materials and methods. We examined 112 patients of the first mature age with NAFLD. The diagnosis was based on a comprehensive analysis of complaint data physical examination, laboratory and instrumental studies. The control group included 225 healthy urban men and women of similar age taken from the bank of the materials from research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. All anthropometric survey conducted by the scheme V. Bunak. We used the method of stepwise discriminant analysis to develop risk prediction NAFLD depending on the characteristics of the body structure. Results. Discriminant replaceable between healthy and sick men and women were the following anthropometric indicators: body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist circumference to hip circumference, chest circumference as an exhalation, height of supragastral point, difference between the height of the supragastral point and the height of the pubic Points, determination of muscle mass by Matejko. By using discriminant analysis was established discriminant function for predicting the presence NAFLD of individuals who investigated for checkups. Conclusion. The new NAFLD anthropometric diagnostic criteria for men and women of the first mature age of Podolskyi region could help to suspect the desease even at the first examination of the patient. Gender differences in anthropometric criteria NAFLD patients were identified. Anthropometric criteria can be used to diagnose NAFLD during preventive examinations, family doctor visits and outpatient examination of people. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; diagnosis; anthropometry; discriminant analysis

The majority of children during treatment for cancer, have disorders of nutritional status associated both with the presence of main disease and antitumor therapy. This paper deals with the results of the screening study of nutritional status of patients in FSBI Federal Scientific Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev on their primary admission to the Centre and during the treatment. It is shown that the part of the patients on the admission, or even before the special therapy, has disorders of nutritional status. We have determined the increase in the number of children with disorders of nutritional status over time and the persistence of somatic protein pool deficiency during the observation. The results show the necessity of adequate correction of nutritional status in this category of patients.

The aim of this work was to estimate limitations related of the actual resolution of images taken into the object reconstruction procedure (using Structure from Motion method) applied for anthropometric measurements. This is necessary to define technical parameters of equipment used for this application. A series of 42 images of the sample static object were taken with use of high resolution camera. The object was in a stable position, properly illuminated with stable, diffused light sources. With use of VisualSFM software a virtual cloud of points representing real points of examined object was calculated. During tests a resolution of input images were changed then the calculation time and influence of the number of points in the cloud onto deviation of selected anthropometric parameters were analyzed. In conditions of the performed experiment decreasing of the resolution of input images to the level of 80 % of initial value (or lower) has significant influence onto results of the measurements of selected anthropometric parameters. Structure from Motion (SfM) technique can be adopted for anthropometric measurement systems when the input images are taken with high resolution imaging device (over a dozen of million pixels). Presented measurement method for anthropometry is characterized by ease of use, do not need any calibration before measurements or specialized equipment. Thank to this can be adopted in practice in any conditions and operated by unskilled operator.

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