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Problem statement. Education is an integral part of a person's cultural and professional development. In this respect, the challenges of making the learning process accessible and at the same time maintaining a high level of educational quality are relevant today. Terminologically, inclusive education covers a wide range of issues, but the key issue is the question of accessibility of education for different social groups. The priority task of the present study is defined in the plane of identifying the working conditions for persons with disabilities (PWD) studying in universities in natural and technical directions, with laboratory equipment due to the exceptional importance of laboratory workshops in the system of professional training of future specialists. The study is aimed at substantiating the targeted use of digital technologies in the educational process, in particular, in the organization of work of persons with disabilities in the context of their performance of laboratory workshops. Methodology. By the method of quantitative and statistical analysis the relevance of the search for system solutions that define an accessible educational environment for persons with disabilities in the framework of professional training of future specialists of natural and technical profiles is outlined. The theoretical model of organizing the accessibility of the educational process in the framework of laboratory practicals for persons with disabilities in the digital environment is proposed. Results. The theoretical model of inclusive education in higher education in Russian Federation and People's Republic of China for the organization of analog implementation of laboratory workshops by persons with disabilities in a digital educational environment has been developed. The necessity of integration of digital tools into the educational process, requiring systematic training of persons with disabilities in natural-technical directions, which include in the content of their curricula the realization of laboratory workshops. The key importance in the selection and further implementation of digital technologies in the educational process in the plane of creating conditions for working with laboratory equipment is determined around the individual needs of students with disabilities. Conclusion. The relevance and applied significance of the theoretical model of the variant digital environment are substantiated, as well as a list of recommendations for the use of such a model in terms of its target orientation on the accessibility of the educational process for students with health peculiarities and studying in natural-technical profiles.

Current international relations are facing “profound changes unseen in a century” . The evolution of the international order is the most important characteri stic of this process. As a representative thought of China's understanding of the evolution of the international order, “Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy” is considered the main guiding principle of contemporary Chinese diplomacy. It prominently reflects China’s fundamental views on international relations, major-country politics, and international institutions, and will also have a significant impact on the development of China-Russia relations. The main characteristics of the current evolution of the international order are the formation of a complex bipolarity in the power structure, changes in dominant ideas, and diversification of multilateral cooperation systems. Faced with major changes in the international order, China believes that the world is enter ing a period of turbulence in which the process of power transition will continue, during which China needs to further participate in global governance. The Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy advocates the leadership role of the party in China’s foreign policy decision-making and points out three core concepts: a community with shared future for mankind, major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics, and a new type of international relations. In the future development of China-Russia relations, both countries will continue to uphold a comprehensive strategic partnership and coordination for the new era. At the same time, when faced with changes in dominant ideas, China and Russia can engage in closer cooperation on how to build “a community of shared future” in the new era. In response to the changes in multilateral systems, China and Russia can promote further alliance, thereby developing “new types of international relations” at the multilateral level. As major countries in the international system, the effective expansion of China-Russia cooperation will bring great geopolitical and geo-economic benefits to the Eurasian region. In addition, the interaction and cooperation between the two countries will inevitably shape the new pattern of the international politics in the 21st century.

With the growth of technology and the availability of virtual tools, the creation of interactive and dynamic learning environments that increase students’ interest and motivation becomes relevant and possible. The study aimed to analyse and evaluate the effectiveness of using virtual laboratories in the process of learning foreign languages. Analytical research methods, generalisation, systematisation, and surveying were used in the research. The study demonstrated that virtual reality (VR) could change the traditional approach to language learning through immersive experiences of students’ interaction with language structures. The article highlighted technical and pedagogical challenges that require an integrated approach. The study confirmed that mobile learning and augmented reality (AR) offer new education opportunities, providing interactivity and personalisation. The research concluded that augmented reality could improve the learning of complex concepts and increase student motivation. This article highlighted a need for effective pedagogical strategies for the successful implementation of virtual reality and augmented reality. A survey of students at Northwest Normal University was also conducted. The survey of students who use virtual labs to learn foreign languages indicates that they are more effective and useful for the learning process, including the use of Duolingo, Rosetta Stone, Babbel, Memrise, Busuu, Lingodeer, BBC Languages, and Italki. Although the majority of students have a positive attitude towards this technology, some prefer traditional methods, which indicates the need for additional adaptation and support of virtual resources to ensure their optimal effectiveness. The study findings can be used to adapt existing foreign language curricula and courses to the use of virtual research laboratory tools

Objective: to study the gaps in the legal regulation of relations in the sphere of inventions made by artificial intelligence.Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical and sociological.Results: in Thaler v. Vidal, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit ruled that an artificial intelligence (AI) machine cannot be an inventor under patent law. This decision leaves open the question of whether a natural person can be the legal inventor of AI-generated inventions. This is a pressing question because it decides whether AI-generated inventions are patentable, as no patent rights can exist without an inventor. Scholars have proposed two doctrines that might resolve this question: the doctrine of simultaneous conception and reduction to practice and the doctrine of first to recognize and appreciate. This article analyzes the two doctrines and argues that neither doctrine readily applies to AI-generated inventions, thereby leaving an “inventorship gap”.Scientific novelty: the article is the first to pose and solve the problem of legal regulation of inventions made with the help of artificial intelligence and to state the need for the U.S. Congress to amend the copyright law in terms of recognizing a physical person who uses artificial intelligence to generate inventions as the author of such inventions. It bridges the gap in legal regulation of relations in the sphere of inventions and patenting and facilitates the goals of the patent system.Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to the legal regulation of relations in the sphere of inventions made by artificial intelligence.

Thebes is among the best-documented Venetian colonies in Byzantium, with records dating back to 1072. While it is widely acknowledged that Venetians played a crucial role in the development of Byzantine Thebes, the details about the Venetian community of the city remain largely unexplored, which has hindered a deeper understanding of the true extent of the Venetian impact on Thebes. To address this scholarly gap, the article examines the community using Venetian documentary sources, focusing on the works of R. Morozzo della Rocca and A. Lombardo. The study adopted a prosopography methodology, reconstructing and analysing the biographies of individuals and families in groups. The investigation covers the community’s leading families and individuals, as well as clergy and ecclesiastical establishments of special interest. Following this vein, the author of the article concludes with a more detailed picture of the Venetian community. It seems to have played a notable and persistent role in Thebes. Ecclesiastical establishments and the clergy constituted the basis of Venetian activities. Bolstered by reliable and sustainable sources of income, these institutions fulfilled the basic religious and administrative needs of the Venetian community. Apart from possible industrial and agricultural engagements, the community members predominantly emerge as active participants in commercial ventures, linking in particular to the renowned Theban silk textiles. While Venetians did form matrimonial and commercial alliances amongst themselves, their assimilation with the native Byzantine populace of the city seems to have been minimal.

The communicative approach to teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL) implies that the main goal - the acquisition of communication skills - can only be achieved in a stimulative communicative environment. Meanwhile, the online format, which is currently becoming popular, is characterized by limited interaction between the participants of the educational process. Thus, the problem of developing methodological foundations for a productive communicative environment in the process of online teaching is becoming acute for the methodology of teaching RFL. The aim of this study is to describe the features of educational communication, determined by Chinese cultural and educational traditions, on the material of monolingual groups from China studying Russian in Russian universities, and to develop a methodological framework for creating a productive communicative environment for synchronous RFL online lessons, considering the specifics of students' communicative behavior. The study material included 10 synchronous online RFL lessons with a total duration of 15 hours and 51 minutes. Monolingual groups of Chinese students (A2-B2) participated in the lessons. A content analysis method using Atlas.ti software was applied to process the results. Coding was based on a deductive approach with elements of inductive approach; the coding system was based on the category of social presence, operationalized and adapted to the specifics of RFL learning. The prevalence of several communication behavior patterns among Chinese students, which conflict with the current methodological principles, was shown. At the same time, deviations from conventional behavior of Chinese students at the analyzed RFL classes were observed. This suggested that despite the strong influence of cultural attitudes, the parameters of the communicative environment of an online lesson may vary depending on the teacher's efforts. It is argued that the formation of communicative environment of a synchronous online RFL lesson requires that the teacher possesses the ability to manage the interactivity of communication, to form an atmosphere of cooperation and cohesion in the online group, to maintain emotionality of online communication. The study contributes to the development of digital language teaching, forming a scientific basis for creating methodological technologies of a productive educational environment in RFL online teaching.

Project description. This article is the result of the research project in the field of art of Heilongjiang Province "Research on the spread of non-material culture of Heilongjiang Province, bordering Russia, within the framework of the One Belt, One Road Initiative" (No. 20180028). With the rapid development of the economy, the preservation of national and local cultural heritage acquires new features. The era of new media provides new opportunities for the dissemination of the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities. This article explores the strategy for disseminating the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the era of new media from the point of view of the subjects of communication, the platform of communication and the content of communication, in order to transfer experience in the preservation, updating and promotion of the intangible cultural heritage to ethnic minority areas. Relevance. Nowadays in the era of globalization of all aspects of the life of countries and peoples, it is very important to preserve their national roots, not to lose their culture and identity. Therefore, intangible cultural heritage is a powerful evidence of the development of Chinese history. The task is to analyze the strategies for disseminating the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the era of modern media. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the dissemination of intangible cultural heritage in the era of modern media and their transfer to the future generation. China and Russia have centuries-old history and excellent intangible cultural heritage. Each country has its own unique national culture. Cultural ties between Russia and China today have reached a new level, are actively developing, covering almost all areas: science, tourism, education, art, etc. Russians and Chinese have a growing interest in all spheres of life of each other's peoples. The fascination of Russian contemporaries (especially young people) with the cultural traditions of the Chinese is associated with the process of globalization of culture and the consequences of national identity.

The paper presents the results of research on the assessment of the security risks of speech information. It is shown that for speech information circulating in an acoustic form in a room, the main indicator of security is confidentiality. Confidentiality is determined by an indicator equal to 1, when complete confidentiality of speech information is provided, and an indicator equal to 0, when information has lost confidentiality, there are no intermediate values of this indicator. It is shown that the loss of confidentiality of speech information can occur due to the implementation of at least one of the possible threats. Methods for assessing the security risks of speech information are considered. For speech information, security risks consist of the risks of leakage through acoustic channels outside the security area of the room and the risks associated with the human factor, since the carrier of speech information is also a person. The risks associated with the leakage of speech information through acoustic channels are considered in details. The mechanism for ensuring zero risk of leakage of speech information through the acoustic channel is considered and specific recommendations for its implementation are given.

The development of marketing strategies based on temporal and spatial student’s distribution is extremely important in order to win a niche in the market of educational services. The object of the study is information about the place of origin of the Henan Institute of Science and Technology students in 2016 and 2020. The data used are provided by the Office of Academic Affairs of Henan Institute of Science and Technology, which selects identity data of students admitted and registered at the university in 2016 and 2020. The temporal and spatial distribution and spatial aggregation characteristics of the student enrolments are analyzed, as well as factors affecting the quality of the student flows, such as geographic location, total number of students per year, and publicity. The paper uses spatial data analysis (ESDA), which determines the spatial weight between districts. Global Moran’s I index was used for spatial analysis. The analysis carried out on the example of Henan province showed that the number of graduates in each city in a given year directly affects the number of university entrants (in 2020, the largest number of school graduates was recorded in the cities of Zhoukou and Nanyang, which had the highest number of university entrants). The spatial arrangement of colleges and universities is identified as the main factor influencing the recruitment of students of each educational institution. The choice of colleges and universities by applicants and their parents in China is also determined by proximity to large cities, convenient transportation, and employment opportunities. It has been established that advertising educational services of universities is also an additional factor in their popularization and attraction of students. The important achievements and characteristics of the school should be highly summarized to ensure that all the information on the school brand is spread in the whole domain in a comprehensive manner. Different media should be selected for different students from different places. Attention should be paid to the use of new media such as WeChat, Micro-blog, Tiktok etc. Also, a significant role should be given to interpersonal communication and mobilization of the enthusiasm of graduates to increase the popularity of a particular educational institution. Colleges and universities should reflect on themselves, correct in time, and actively establish a complete, effective, and dynamic evaluation mechanism for marketing, to improve marketing strategies, including through surveys of graduates, students, parents and other stakeholders of higher education.

AIM. To study the clinical effect of body composition-based lifestyle intervention in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIAL AND METHODS. In the period of November, 2020 – July, 2021, 91 patients diagnosed with PCOS in the First People's Hospital of Urumqi were prospectively selected and divided into a control group (46 cases) and an experimental group (45 cases) according to random number method. The patients in the control group were treated with Drospirenone and Ethinylestradiol tablets (II), while the patients in the experimental group were treated with Drospirenone and Ethinylestradiol tablets (II) and lifestyle adjustment based on body composition. The changes of the indices before and after 3 months of treatment were compared between the two groups. RESULTS. The indices of PCOS patients in the two groups after treatment (except 1 basal metabolic rate and muscle weight, 2. FSH and 3. HDL) were decreased, and the decrease in the experimental group was more significant (P < 0.05). Patients in the experimental group had significantly increased spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy rate / Conducive to ovulation and pregnancy. CONCLUSION. In PCOS patients, the combination of Drospirenone and Ethinylestradiol tablets (II) and lifestyle intervention based on human body components can improve reproductive hormone, glucose metabolism and insulin resistance more effectively, which is beneficial to spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy, and reduce the weight of patients.

This article is devoted to the study and analysis of the role and influence of innovative interactive technologies in the training of professional education specialists using digital technologies. Digital technologies are becoming an increasingly integral part of our daily lives and impacting various fields, including education. The article examines the modern foreign and domestic experience of using modern innovative interactive technologies in the professional training of future vocational education specialists. The possibilities of implementing augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) to create immersive learning environments are described. Emphasis is placed on adaptive educational platforms that are able to individualize the educational process taking into account the personal needs and individual characteristics of students. The analysis of the influence of interactive technologies on the activity and interest of students, increasing the level of involvement and motivation to study was carried out. The advantages of these technologies in the training of specialists are analyzed, their impact on student motivation, understanding of complex concepts and the creation of interactive learning environments is noted. It highlights how the adaptability of learning platforms helps create personalized learning paths for each student, taking into account their needs and pace of learning. The experience of using innovative and interactive technologies in various fields, including education, science and technological development, is outlined. The results of the study indicate the importance of integrating digital technologies into the educational process to achieve more effective learning and development of relevant skills among students of vocational education.

This paper studies the problem of optimal control of the degree of lake pollution by the pollutants of an industrial plant. A mathematical model is considered that represents the process of lake pollution, taking into account the change in its self-cleaning rate as a function of time. This function is assumed to be piecewise constant and switches between its two possible values periodically, that reflects seasonal fluctuations in the rate of self-cleaning of the lake. An optimal control problem is formulated with respect to a given quality functional characterizing the profit of the plant. To solve this problem, the Pontryagin's maximum principle is applied. Analytical expressions for the optimal trajectories of the state variable and the adjoint variable are obtained, a qualitative analysis of the obtained solutions is carried out. The concept of environmentally sustainable solution is introduced, and it is shown that such a solution gives the best possible trade-off between the profit of the plant and penalties for lake pollution. The obtained optimal solution is compared with the so-called "myopic" solution, that is, a solution greedily pursuing instantaneous profit. It is shown that the “myopic” solution can increase short-term profits due to environmental degradation, but in the long term it not only brings worse results compared to the environmentally sustainable solution, but also causes irreparable harm to the environment, which can only be neutralized at the cost of complete shutdown of production for an extended period of time. As a result of the work, a new mixed solution is proposed that combines the advantages of both strategies and is more effective for practical use. The results obtained in this paper are illustrated by examples of numerical simulation for various values of the system parameters.

The use of deep detection networks can help to enhance the management, reduce workload, and improve the efficiency and quality of dynamic defect detection in distribution network engineering. This involves classifying defects, researching and analyzing advanced deep detection networks and their applications in dynamic defect detection, reviewing existing research, and identifying key issues and their solutions. The paper also explores future research directions to provide useful references for future studies. Overall, the aim is to address potential safety and quality issues and mitigate hazards in the operation of distribution networks.

The operation of distribution networks is currently facing potential safety and quality defects that pose significant hazards. One solution to strengthen management, reduce manual workload, and improve efficiency and quality is by applying deep detection networks for dynamic defect detection in distribution network engineering. To start, defects in distribution network engineering are classified. Then, advanced deep detection networks and their applications in dynamic defect detection are researched and analyzed, along with a review of existing research. Key issues and their solutions for deep detection network application in dynamic defect detection in distribution network engineering are summarized. Finally, future research directions are explored to provide valuable references for future studies.

The article discusses the issue of reception of Russian drama of the 20th century in China on the basis of the theatrical and critical reception of A. Arbuzovs play Old-Fashioned Comedy , which was repeatedly staged in theaters of the country at different cultural and historical stages and in recent years has again been in demand among theatrical figures and audiences. An analysis of the performances of a well-known text, reviews and readers' reactions to it make it possible not only to trace changes in the perception of the play in a foreign cultural space, but also to examine the social processes that cause such changes, as well as to touch upon the theatrical life itself and stage experiments in China. The conclusion is made that the universal human content of the playwright's plays, the timeless values that are affirmed in his work, and the inherent scenicity, the organic nature of the dramatic language help to successfully adapt the authors works not only to the modern Russian theater, but also for the foreign language ones. An example of a successful dialogue of cultures in the theatrical and dramatic sphere is the stage history of the play Old-Fashioned Comedy in China.

Духовная критика в Древнем Китае зародилась в доциньскую эпоху и период двух династий Хань. Она сформировалась и получила дальнейшее развитие во времена династий Северной и Южной Сун, Мин и Цин. Духовная критика характеризуется устранением внешних влияний при оценке литературных произведений. Ум должен быть ясен, как зеркало, – отсюда и происходит название. Этот метод критики не только существовал долгое время и имел большое влияние, но он и до сих пор занимает значительное место в китайской литературной критике. Субъективная критика русского Серебряного века была выдвинута Д. С. Мережковским и пользовалась широкой популярностью среди символистов. Она характеризовалась тем, что исходила из личной религиозно-философской мысли критика и интерпретировала писателей-классиков и классические произведения в мировой и русской литературе в противовес господствовавшей тогда социально-исторической критике. Хотя этот вид критики просуществовал недолго, он достиг колоссальных успехов, а его отзвуки слышны до сих пор. Хотя эти два вида критики зародились в разных культурах и народностях и охватили несколько тысяч лет, но они имеют много общего с точки зрения философских истоков, способов мышления, методов критики и эстетических целей. Оба вида критики были сфокусированы на измерении “души”. Древнекитайская духовная критика была сосредоточена на духовном понимании, а русская субъективная критика Серебряного века придавала значение субъективному восприятию, поэтому сравнительное исследование двух видов литературной критики приоткроет перед нами нам множество интересных явлений.

The purpose of the article is to investigate the reasons for the decline in trade activity between China and Japan, considering the fact that China is the largest source of Japanese agricultural products imports. Agricultural products trade plays an important role in the economic and trade relations between China and Japan, and the proportion of China's agricultural products exports to Japan's exports is increasing year by year. However, after 2013, China's agricultural exports to Japan have shown a downward trend year by year. What are the reasons for this change in trade? What is the structure of China's agricultural exports to Japan? This is a problem that must be understood. This article uses the HS4 quantile code data of China's agricultural exports to Japan from 2010 to 2019 by the United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database (UN Comtrade), and applies the binary marginal decomposition method to analyze China's agricultural exports to Japan. The results show that China's agricultural exports to Japan In export growth, the marginal contribution of expansion is weak, while the marginal contribution of intensive is larger. After further decomposing the intensive margin into the quantity margin and the price margin, it is found that the growth of China's agricultural exports to Japan is mainly due to the rapid growth of the quantity margin, while the price margin does not contribute much to export growth. In the future, if China wants to expand its exports of agricultural products to Japan, it must become familiar with and adapt to the access standards of the Japanese market as soon as possible, increase the added value of agricultural products, and enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of agricultural exports to Japan.

The purpose of the work is to highlight experimental methodical approaches to the representation of certain aspects of modern Ukrainian vocal art on the example of the organization of research, educational and performing activities of master's students of the Faculty of Arts of V. Hnatyuk TNPU. The research methodology consists in the use of methods of historical and cultural discourse, historical and musicological positions on the problems of vocal art, in the implementation of activity and integrative approaches based on the example of art pedagogy. Attention is focused on the problem of representation of the main problems of the development of modern Ukrainian vocal art on the example of the organization of research, educational and performing activities of future music teachers. Taking into account the tasks of their professional training, the specifics and prospects of their future pedagogical and performing activities, we have already made attempts to extrapolate the history of performing schools to the content of the "Methodology of Music Education" course and the subjects of the school cycle, in particular, the reading of the "Artistic Culture of Ukraine" course during 2019–2020. The scientific novelty consists in the presentation of an integrative approach to the organization of the research, educational and performance activities of master's students on the example of the interaction of teachers of specialized lecture-theoretical ("History of Ukrainian Music", "Contemporary Music"), research courses ("Fundamentals of Music and Pedagogical Research", "Methodology of Scientific research", "Fundamentals of musical interpretation") and practical disciplines ("Vocal") during 2020–2021. A number of examples of research work of master's students are presented (essays, "musical quizzes", questionnaires, etc., related to the problems of modern musical art). A block of master's research materials related to musical Ternopil, with the organization of the competition and festival movement, is separately allocated. Excerpts from essays of master's students on the topic "Show business: pros and cons" are given. As examples of the cooperation of academic supervisors with vocal teachers, the content of master's studies was clarified, respectively - programs of master's students' concerts. For example, creative projects "Song about a song", "Moment". Conclusions. We believe that the best examples of modern pop songs are an important contribution to the vocal art of Ukraine. Their role especially increases in periods of social challenges, war tragedies as a reaction-protest of artists and society in general. At the same time, it is an interesting research material, a high-value performing and educational repertoire, which should be qualitatively presented in performance classes of art institutions. So, the layer of popular musical culture and performance, represented by the activities of famous soloists and bands from different regions of Ukraine, participants of the competition-festival movement in Ukraine and abroad, was and remains the subject of thorough comparative research.

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new type of coronavirus that causes the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has been the most challenging pandemic in this century. Considering its high mortality and rapid spread, an effective vaccine is urgently needed to control this pandemic. As a result, the academia, industry, and government sectors are working tightly together to develop and test a variety of vaccines at an unprecedented pace. In this review, we outline the essential coronavirus biological characteristics that are important for vaccine design. In addition, we summarize key takeaways from previous vaccination studies of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), highlighting the pros and cons of each immunization strategy. Finally, based on these prior vaccination experiences, we discuss recent progress and potential challenges of COVID-19 vaccine development. Original article: Li YD, Chi WY, Su JH, et al. Coronavirus vaccine development: from SARS and MERS to COVID-19. J Biomed Sci. 2020;27(1):104. DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00695-2. The article was translated into Russian and published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.

The subject of the study is the new course of the PRC information policy, which was launched by the Fifth generation of the PRC leaders after the 18th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in 2012. As a result, after the 18th Congress of the CPC was started the implementation of the Strong cyberpower strategy, which implies not only ensuring cyber security in the country, but also the usage of network resources to develop the national economy. Chinas new information policy was caused by the sharply increased role of information and communication technologies in international processes and the shift in the focus of international relations to the Asia-Pacific region. The PRCs information policy is based on the most advanced technologies in the IT sphere and the cooperation with private companies on regulating external and internal information security. The relevance of the research topic is due to the increasing role of ICT in international processes. In this context, the most important are the positions of the leading countries of the world to regulate this area, as well as the mechanisms and tools used by them. The Peoples Republic of China is one of the leaders in the field of scientific and technical developments and actively uses its achievements to accomplish tasks in the field of domestic and foreign policy. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to analyze and compare the development strategies of the PRC information policy and the resources that are necessary for their implementation. The unique network landscape, which was formed under the influence of government policy on control over published content and the sharing of digital services market among the three largest information corporations (Baidu, Tencent and Alibaba), has become an essential part of the countrys information security system and requires detailed study. The purpose of the article is to identify the evolution of Chinas information policy development strategy and resources for its implementation. This article also discusses the threats to the information security of the Peoples Republic of China and analyzes the approaches to ensuring it. The results of the study are the conclusions that show the role and place of information policy in the PRC foreign policy, the structure of the information security system and strategic approaches to the regulation of international relations in cyberspace.

Last decade saw growing interest to innovative technologies in methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language (henceforward RFL). The article presents a review of most recent scientific publications on modern computer technologies. The material of the research includes conference papers, manuals, monographs, dissertations of 2018-2019, materials of congresses of International Association of Teachers of Russian Language and Literature (MAPRYAL) (2016, 2019), Russian Society of Russian Language and Literature Teachers (ROPRYAL) (2015, 2018), articles in scientific journals “Russian Language Abroad” and “The World of Russian Word” which are considered to be the most authoritative journals in the sphere of methods of teaching RFL. The research methods are descriptive and statistic methods, method of continuous sampling. The research revealed main issues on possibilities and reasonability of using innovative technologies in teaching RFL. The growing number of publications on the issue shows the perspectives of innovative technologies in teaching RFL.

The article is devoted to the functioning of paired names in modern Russian language - insufficiently studied stable combinations such as небо и земля, печки-лавочки, хлеб-соль, ни ответа ни привета . These units express a single, undifferentiated meaning, consist of two components connected by a compositional connection that belong to one part of speech (most often in paired names are nouns combinations, although there are also adverbs, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, numerals, interjections, onomatopes, prepositions and particles). Structural-semantic model, which is built on paired naming dates back to the ancient period of the language, however, continues to be used in XX-XXI centuries. The purpose of this article is consideration of features of the semantics and structure of the paired naming by the material from the resource "National corpus of the russian language". In addition, their frequency is presented in newspaper and oral speech, in parallel texts and poetic discourse, as well as in accentological and educational materials.

The article is devoted to Sino-Russian humanitarian cooperation at the beginning of the 21st century. Currently, the two countries are jointly restructuring both the regional subsystem and the global system of international relations. In this regard, the question of how the neighbors build bilateral ties, characterized as a "strategic partnership", is becoming increasingly relevant. China and Russia are strengthening their bilateral relations, which enables them to coordinate their actions more confidently and realize their national interests both regionally and globally. This article examines the role that the humanitarian aspect plays in contemporary Sino-Russian relations. To this end, the author has analyzed the humanitarian component of the countries foreign policy at the political and conceptual level. Wu also studied the organizational mechanism as well as the content of bilateral relations in the humanitarian sphere since 2001. At the same time, the author considered the attention paid to this aspect of diplomacy both at the political level as well as by non-government analysts, while stressing their branch structure. The article concludes that the humanitarian aspect is important because it is an integral part of bilateral relations that promises to help advance national interests.

A continuous increase in the volume of stored and processed data leads to stricter requirements for storage media. The most common information storage technology is currently based on magnetic materials, where information in the form of "0" and "1" is associated with the local direction of magnetization, determined by the external magnetic field created by the recording device. It is known that this approach has fundamental limitations on the recording speed which is almost achieved. The requirements for energy efficiency of storage media are also being made stricter. These circumstances lead to the development of alternative approaches to recording information. One of these approaches has been demonstrated in the field of ultrafast opto-magnetism, which has been booming over the past 20 years. It consists in recording information with short optical pulses without the application of an external magnetic field. However, it requires fundamental studies of physical processes, as well as materials, in which magnetization can be controlled by short optical pulses. In this paper, we consider the spin dynamics in a magnetic dielectric: a film of iron - yttrium garnet doped with silicon. The studies were carried out using the pump – probe technique over a time range of up to 800 ns. The spot size was 30 μm, the optical pulse duration was 35 fs, and the pump fluence was about 50 mJ/cm2. It is shown that a change in the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constants due to the action of a pump pulse on the structure causes a long-decaying magnetization precession with a period of about 200 ps. The dependences of the amplitude, phase, and decay of the precession on the magnitude of the external magnetic field in the range up to 1.84 kOe were obtained and analyzed. The studied processes can be considered on the basis of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert model, and be of interest for the optical switching of magnetization, as well as the creation of various spintronic devices. It is shown that films of iron-yttrium garnet doped with silicon are a promising material for magnetic information carriers based on ultrafast opto-magnetism.

In the field of color texture segmentation, region-level Markov random field model (RMRF) has become a focal problem because of its efficiency in modeling the large-range spatial constraints. However, the RMRF defined on a single scale cannot describe the un-stationary essence of the image, which highly limits its robustness. Hence, by combining wavelet transformation and the RMRF model, we present a multi-scale RMRF (MsRMRF) model in wavelet domainin this paper. In the Bayesian framework, the proposed model seamlessly integrates the multi-scale information stemmed from both the original image and the region-level spatial constraints. Therefore, the new model can accurately describe the characteristics of different kinds of texture. Based on MsRMRF, an unsupervised segmentation algorithm is designed for segmenting color texture images. Both synthetic color texture images and remote sensing images are employed in the comparative experiments, and the experimental results show that the proposed method can obtain more accurate segmentation results than the competitors.

40 years of reform and opening-up in China have witnessed the country making historic achievements in economic and social development, and also its demographic structure shifting from an adult-type to anaged type. Population aging inChina is brought forth by not only the natural demographic structural shift, but also policy conditioning. Hence aging in China is characterized by getting old before getting rich, large size and fast speed and regional imbalance, etc. International comparisons reveal that population aging in China is much higher than that of other developing countries in emerging economies of the world. In order to cope with the aging challenge, the Chinese government has continuously established and improved its institutional,policy and regulation arrangements on old-age security, and made remarkable achie- vements accordingly.

In the end of the XX century, the world faced global geopolitical changes. Due to the Soviet Union dissolve, new actors appear on the international arena. At the same time, the US positions strengthening as well as the country becomes the most influential country of the globe. Along with the modern diplomacy development, the relations between Russia and China were also given an impetus. Being important actors on the international arena at the beginning of the century, Russia and China also played an important role in the new international relations system development, especially in the Middle East region that is greatly demonstrated through the joint work in the frameworks of United Nations. In particular, the author analyses the participation of Russian and Chinese diplomacy in the conflict resolution process in Iraq and Libya. Despite the active diplomatic collaboration of Russia and China on the conflicts in Iraq and Libya though the peaceful means did achieve results, however it was late and thus could not prevent the war.

In this paper the possibility of development of the recursive digital filter using a P-spline is considered. The frequency and time response of the spline filter for real-time data are analytically obtained and investigated. The influence of the P-spline parameters on effectiveness of interpretation is explored with input metrical data. The patterns obtained during spline filter frequency analysis are confirmed by an example of Doppler function restoration.

The article considers the importance of yellow color in Chinese and Russian linguocultures. It is known that the vocabulary of color designations as elements of a specific language dictionary is a special microsystem, its description has a significant cultural value. In a comparative study of vocabulary, which denotes color, it is possible to see the fixation of a special kind of sign memory of each linguoculture to be compared. Unlike comparing the grammatical structure of languages, the lexical comparative description of this group of units allows us to see a significant number of coinciding or convergent elements characterizing universal cognitive processes. The relevance of the proposed article is determined by a comparative analysis of the lexical class of color markings by the example of a specific primary color of two unrelated languages. The aim of the study is to compare the semantic volume of color identification in yellow in Chinese and Russian linguocultures. The method of research was the work of Russian linguists N.B. Bakhilina, Т.М. Vasilyeva, T.I. Vendina, 1. Guriev, I.V. Dvoretsky, V.G. Kulpina, F.N. Novikov, S.G. Ter-Minasova, T.Yu. Svetlichnaya. The novelty of the work is the reference to the vocabulary of color designation in Russian and Chinese in a comparative aspect. In the work a complex method of investigation is used, methods such as dexryptic, contextual, statistical, comparative are used. The sources of the research were the work of Russian and Chinese linguists, Russian and Chinese dictionaries, art and journalistic texts in Russian and Chinese. The results and material of the research can be used in reading lecture courses on the lexicology of Russian and Chinese languages, as well as in special courses on the problems of the relationship between language and thinking, and the cultural peculiarities of Russian and Chinese color lexicon.

This work is devoted to a comprehensive detailed study of a pure zirconium with non-equilibrium point defects induced by irradiation within the framework of the multiscale modelling scheme by using quantum-mechanics methods, molecular dynamics, and the Monte-Carlo methods based on the Langevin dynamics. By using ab-initio calculations, the structural, electronic, and energy properties of a pure zirconium with isolated vacancies and their clusters are studied. The lattice-parameter change in pure zirconium with different concentrations of isolated vacancy and different configurations of di- and trivacancies is discussed. The vacancy-formation energy in a pure zirconium is obtained. Stability of small vacancy clusters containing divacancy characterized by different distances between two vacancies as well as trivacancies of different configuration is analysed. Distributions of electron density, band structure, and Fermi surface for pure zirconium with isolated vacancy are studied in detail. We calculate the dependence of the Fermi energy of a zirconium crystal, whose unit cell contains a vacancy cluster, on the number of vacancies in the cluster. Cascade formation, development, and annealing in pure zirconium crystals irradiated in different irradiation conditions are studied within the framework of the molecular-dynamics simulations. Statistical and geometric properties of cascades are examined in detail by varying sample temperature, energy of primary knocked atom, and direction of its motion. A possibility of channelling at cascades’ development resulting in formation of crowdions is shown. A change in statistical properties of the crystal during cascade development and relaxation time of cascades is calculated. Dependence of formation energy of point defects and vacancy clusters on temperature is discussed. Spatial self-organization of an ensemble of point defects in α-zirconium irradiated by fast neutrons by using reaction rate theory is studied. In our consideration, we take into account elastic properties of the medium due to defects’ presence and sink density dynamics. We consider dynamics of the system with uniform distribution of point defects and spatially extended system at different irradiation regimes (by varying irradiation temperature and dose rate). As found, the point defects’ patterning is accompanied by a formation of vacancy clusters. The distribution of elastic fields with the self-organization of a vacancy ensemble in a pure zirconium subjected to shear and cyclic deformation and the impact of irradiation on the mode of deformation of zirconium are studied.

During 2016 and 2017, we observed 4 nests of the Cinereous Vulture (Aegypius monachus) in the middle of the Tien Shan Mountains, the west of China, and tried to follow them by the GPS/GSM dataloggers. We continuously observed nesting birds and recorded their behavior. The duration of the field works was about 40 days that makes in total more than 500 hours. The results showed that all nests of the vultures were located on the eastern slope of cliffs on the altitude of 2 300 – 2 900 meters, with the distance between nests is 1–3 km. Nests were built on the open and steep ledges with the outer diameter of the nest is 1.1–1.6 m. All clutches consists of only one egg (n=4), the incubation period was 52–56 days, and the nestlings hatched in the middle of April; the medium weight of newly hatched nestlings was 160 g. In May 17th, their weight increased to 1.50 kg, in June 14th – to 5.65kg, and in July 14th the weight of young birds was about 8.56kg (close to the adult’s weight). The brooding period in this species is very long – nestlings stayed for 90–105 days in the nest, and continued to be fed by adult birds till October. Lack of food is one of the main reasons for low reproductive success in this species.

The article is devoted to the study of Chinese fairy-tales “Why the salt water in the sea”, “The Liu brothers”, “The Yellow Stork”, “Why dogs do not like cats”, “Golden Fish”, where proper names are distinguished and their features are analyzed as categories of equivalent vocabulary. The purpose of the article is to show that translations of Chinese proper names cannot be carried out in accordance with the principle of maximum ratio of lexical units and parallelism of syntactic constructions, which is explained by typological differences between languages, expressed both in the specifics of the vocabulary and in the singularity of the syntax. Though having a certain translation experience and a good knowledge of the original language, it is possible to solve the tasks that face the interpreter successfully.

Ischemic stroke is caused by an interruption in the flow of blood to the brain and a risk factor for death and disability. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified more than 40 common sequence variants associated with ischemic stroke. However, the results are not always the same in populations with different genetic backgrounds. In the present study, we evaluated a hypothesis that a North Asian population living in a geographic area with unusually harsh environmental conditions would develop unique genetic risks. We investigated the candidate genes for ischemic stroke and risk factors in a Chinese Mongolian population which has not been explored previously. A total of 167 stroke cases and 176 controls were included in the study. Genotyping was performed by amplicon sequencing. The association was detected with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within genes NINJ2 (rs12425791) and ALDH2 (rs2238151) as well as intergenic rs9536591 were significantly associated with ischemic stroke, of which SNP rs12425791 of the NINJ2 gene was the strongest association. ALDH2 gene encodes mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, involved in the oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism. Sex, age, body mass index and high blood pressure might be the risk factors. The current work also demonstrated genetic heterogeneity exists between Chinese and other populations. Our study provided the new insights into the genetic basis and environmental factors of ischemic stroke in Mongolian population.

Mechanical and mathematical models describing the spatial stress-strain state and frictional contacts between elastic elements of the boring bar front-end structure of heavy-duty horizontal boring lathe were developed. All the calculations were performed using the finite element simulation package ANSYS Workbench Mechanical. Static formulation of the problem with the account of gravitational force and non-linear behavior of the materials in the vicinity of the cutting surface of the cutter was considered. Four different statements of the problem were analyzed. They illustrate the effect of the bolted connections pretension clamping the cutter on the stress-strain state of the system. The effect of front-end structure’s loading on the boring bar during cutting was investigated. The effect of the boring bar bending on front-end structure was analyzed. The carried out analysis showed that the components of the stress-strain state of the studied systems have similar distributions, regardless to the bending of the boring bar due to the force of gravity. Bending of the boring bar has significant influence only on the displacements. Stress concentrators were present in many regions of the studied system. This complicated the analysis of complex distributions of stresses and strains fields. Obtained results demonstrate the need of movement from the local characteristics of damageability (stress tensor components) to the integral ones – dangerous volumes.

The results of a comparative analysis of zoomorphic and phytomorphic images reflected in the metaphors and comparisons in A. S. Pushkin’s fairy tales and their modern translations into Chinese language, made by Tsun Yuy and Ma Sinshuy are presented. The relevance of the study of creativity of A. S. Pushkin in the aspect of translation of his works into Chinese is determined by the interest of the Chinese reader to the works of Russian classics; the significance of the fairy tale as a genre, reflecting the people’s view of the world; the attention of modern linguistics to the issues of worldview and the characteristics of idiostyle of the author. The novelty of the work is determined by appeal to the new, not yet subjected to the philological study translations of Pushkin’s fairy tales. Specifics of translation of comparative tropes in fairy tales of the poet are revealed in the light of “the cultural meanings” inherent in the images of animals and plants in views of the Russian and Chinese peoples. Zoomorphisms and phythomorphisms in accordance with the degree of equivalence of the relevant images in the views of Russian and Chinese people fall into three categories: fully equivalent, partially equivalent and non-equivalent. It is noted that the material is grouped mainly in the areas of fully and partially equivalent ratios that is explained by the known similarity of a number of images of animals and plants in two cultures. The cases of unequal ratios of the images are commented. The predominance of zoomorphic images on phytomorphic ones are emphasized and explained. The features of the transmission by the translators of the content of zoomorphic and phytomorphic Pushkin’s images for their adequate perception of Chinese readers are discussed.

During the breeding seasons of 2010-2016, we have found seven nests of the Booted Eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) in Xinjiang, the west of China. We used a method of focal sampling and infrared cameras to continually observe behaviors and nestlings’ growth. Nestling behaviors were different between nestling period and post-nestling period. Attendance at the nests by both adults decreased as the nestling aged. The female brooded significantly more than the male did during daylight hours (P=0.016, F= 8.38, df =1). The daily mean number of food items delivered to the nests by adults was 3.2 times/day in nestling period, and 0.96/day in post-nestling period. Seven orders of wild birds, three orders of mammals and domestic poultry were documented as prey.

Adequate food and pork products are important to the safety of the world. China is the world’s largest country in pig production and pork consumption. Pig industry plays a significant role in the animal husbandry production of China and has become one of most dynamic pillar industries in agriculture and rural economy at present. With the increasing environment and resource restriction, pig breeding is heading to standardized, large-scale and ecological development, which will promote the ecological transformation of pig industry, ensure animal products safety, ecological environment safety and resource safety and improve the comprehensive benefit of animal husbandry

PROPHET is one of significant concepts of Russian culture. Its core (inner form) is characterized by tense contradictoriness. That is caused by differences between its associative fields, which are connected with the Christian roots of the concept, on the one hand, and the morphemic structure of the word ‘prorok’ (prophet), on the other hand. In the 18th century, the concept acquires a new ‘antique-enlightenment’ layer, which remains relevant through the beginning of the 19th century, including the period of early Pushkin’s poetry. At the same time, in G. R. Derzhavin’s and I. I. Dmitriev’s poetry the meanings of the ‘core layer’ of the concept are not neglected. At the beginning of the 19th century, in poetry of the Decembrists another associative field of the concept – the Decembrist, or the civic-minded, political one – is formed. In his poem The Prophet, Alexander Pushkin sets out a personal dialogue with the ‘prophet canon’ of Russian literature, basing upon and revolting against the Decembrists’ images. Using such elements of the Decembrist field of the concept PROPHET as implied autobiographical character of ‘I’, civic-mindedness of the image of prophet and Old Testament reminiscences in the text, he goes back to the core meanings of the concept – both to those that figured in tradition (e.g. in Derzhavin’s works) and to those that had not. For the first time in Russian poetry, it is not the vocation or the mission of the poet-prophet that is in the center of the plot, but the torturous process of his physical-and-spiritual transfiguration – the transfiguration clearly based upon the New Testament idea of man’s Theosis. Depicting the poet’s profoundly personal choice, the synergetic act of the divine calling, the martyrdom of his spiritual and physical transfiguration, Pushkin’s Prophet conciliates the two bidirectional meanings inherent in the core of the national concept. The poet’s vocation, as is revealed in the poem, does not consist in denouncing faults and vices, but primarily includes acts of purifying people and exhorting them to the Eternity through God-inspired poetry.

Recently, the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway has emerged as a crucial pathway for protein turnover, and it has also been identified as an important factor for insulin synthesis. This pathway plays a critical role inside β cells; therefore, it has naturally been linked with various insulin-related diseases, most notably type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but also other metabolic diseases and symptoms such as obesity and atherosclerotic plaques. The UBE2E2 gene encodes ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 E2 (UBE2E2), which plays an important role in the synthesis and secretion of insulin. UBE2E2 is a protein expressed in the pancreas, liver, and adipose tissue, as well as in an insulin-secreting cell line . The results of some studies have indicated that single nucleotide polymorphisms on UBE2E2 (rs6780569, rs7612463, rs9812056) are associated with T2DM risk in Japanese, Korean and Chinese populations. Therefore, the UBE2E2 gene has started to draw interest from researchers because of its newly discovered relationships with various diseases.

Purpose: to evaluate the level of development of sport tourism China and Europe. Material and Methods: analysis and generalization of literature and electronic sources, official web-sites. Results: a significant increase in the number of tourists in recent years. The level of development of sport tourism is constantly growing and shows mass popularity among the population. Conclusions: the development of sport tourism in Europe more than in China. Improvement of forms of organization and means of sport tourism will attract more people.

This paper challenges the modern legal concept of “person” by analyzing the translation problems of some Roman law fragments. It shows why the Latin word “persona” cannot be the etymon of the vernacular “person,” and argues that the modern use of “person” stems from the nineteenth-century German juridical literature, especially that of F. C. von Savigny. This paper shows that “persona” forms a phrase with verbs like gerere, tenere and sustinere (bear, carry, hold, etc.) and has no meaning by itself. Such phrases require a noun complement in genitive form, as their synonym “represent,” which is transitive, needs a direct object. On the other hand, the modern literature attributes a sense to “person,” taking it as equivalent to “human individual” and using it word with the verb “be.” This use is a modern invention and cannot be re-translated into Latin without semantic confusion.

Purpose: to identify the variability tactics of the sport tour for the development of sport tourism. Material and Methods: analysis and generalization of literature and electronic sources, official web-sites. Results: the identified peculiarities of sport tourism and the basic needs of adolescents in China leisure. It is noted that the emergence and development of associations of sport tourism indicates mass popularity among young people. Conclusions: addressing health of Chinese youth depends on the development of systematic and comprehensive approaches to sports and health tourism.

Benthic foraminifers at methane seepages, independently of their taxa and microhabitat preferences, have lower value of d13С than those found in other sites, that’s why these species potentially could be used as bioindicators of methane emission. Species composition and distribution of Foraminifera is analyzed on the samples collected in the cruise of RV Academic M.A. Lavrentyev on 18 stations located on the eastern slope of Sakhalin Island within the depth range 600-1500 m in June 2010. Concentrations of methane in the bottom water and sediments of the surveyed area were high and sometimes exceeded the maximal permissible level in 100 times and more; methane contaminated the whole water column (600 m) and lowered abundance of zooplankton. Both benthic (75 species) and planktonic foraminifers (6 taxa) are investigated. The benthic foraminifers avoided the methane ejections but preferred to settle in places of its diffusive infiltration where their abundance was high, presumably because of blooming of chemoautotrophic bacteria in bottom sediments saturated by methan. The genera Nonionellina, Valvulineria, Uvigerina and the species Reophax dentaliniformis were the most adapted for the polluted environment. Stable isotopes O16/O18 and C12/C13 are measured in carbonate shells of Uvigerina parvocostata, Valvulineria sadonica, Nonionellina labradorica . Intraspecific changes of d18О were insignificant, it varied in the ranges 3.43-3.60, 2.81-3.04, and 3.28-3.37 ‰, respectively. Variability of d13C was higher - 0.9-2.0 ‰ for U. parvocostata and N. labradorica and its value dropped to -1.54 ‰ for the specimens of V. sadonica in the sites of methane seepage. Thus, V. sadonica is the best species-indicator of methane emission.