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The range of methods for assessing the quality of grain and its technological properties in cereal crops, of oat in particular, is extremely limited. The available methods are labor-intensive and not always sufficiently informative. The variety of modern processing methods dictates the necessity in searching for more universal and informative assessment methods. Cereal crop breeding also requires high-speed and low-cost methods for assessing grain quality. The present work is a methodological study that uses a limited set oat accessions from the genetic collection of VIR, differing by geographical origin and contrasting technological properties, with an aim of developing a new grain quality assessment method and testing new methods for analyzing technological properties. The resulting criteria are compared with each other and with more traditional indicators. New systems for assessing the technological properties of grain of naked and covered oat have been proposed. A new method of sedimentation analysis for cereal crops is proposed. The diversity of the oat protein complex is exemplified in the results of sedimentation analysis, and of the carbohydrate complex – in the results of its testing by a micro-visco-amylograph. The variety of interactions between oat grain storage substances and wheat material during joint processing is shown by assessing the rheological properties of the dough mixture using a farinograph. The obtained results can be recommended for the assessment for breeding purposes, as well as for obtaining complete information about the quality of oat grain for the purpose of its further processing.

Grain of spelt winter wheat varieties Zoria Ukrainy and Europa grown under the conditions of Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine was used according to the schedule: 1) without fertilizers (the check variant); 2) P60 + N120; 3) K60 + N120; 4) P60K60 – ground; 5) ground + N120; 6) ground + N60 + N60; 7) ground + N60 S70 + N60. Such fertilizers were applied as ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, granulated superphosphate and potassium chloride. The aim of the study is to determine milling properties of grain of winter wheat varieties depending on species, rules and terms of applying nitrogen fertilizers. Thousand-kernel weight, grain unit and vitreousness are determined. It is found that physical properties vary considerably depending on weather conditions, variety and fertilizer. Improving conditions of nitrogen nutrition mostly increases thousandkernel weight and vitreousness. However, the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers significantly depends on the particular variety. On average over three years of studies thousand-kernel weight of Zoria Ukrainy variety increased from 49.8 g in unfertilized areas to 52.7 g in variants with retail application of nitrogen fertilizers or by 6 %. Using phosphorus, nitrogen and potash and nitrogen fertilizers it increased to 50.0g and applying a complete mineral fertilizer it was up to 52.1 g. In favorable 2014 thousand-kernel weight of Zoria Ukrainy variety was 56.7–57.1 g in single application of nitrogen fertilizers and it was 57.5– 55.6 g with retail application. In 2015 it was 49.8–50.2 g and 50.7–50.9 g, respectively and in 2013 it was 48.3–49.1 g and 49.7–49.8 g. Thousand-kernel weight of Europa variety varies from 52.3 to 55.3 g depending on the fertilization. However, thousand-kernel weight for this variety was the greatest in 2013 because that year plants did not lodge. It is found that vitreousness of grain of Zoria Ukrainy variety without fertilizers is 92 % and rising to 100 % with the retail application of nitrogen fertilizers. Application of phosphorus, nitrogen potash and nitrogen fertilizers and the complete mineral fertilizer increases vitreousness to 99 % or by 7 points compared with the check variant. Vitreousness of grain of Europa variety varies from 78 to 96 % depending on species, rules and terms of application of nitrogen fertilizers

The article presents an analysis of productivity of the present varieties of durum spring wheat in the steppe part of Orenburg Pre-Urals during 2005-2014. The peculiarities of effect of moisture conditions on the change of productivity and technological properties of wheat have been estimated. In the dry years there was a decrease of grain mass, content of protein and gluten quality. The varieties of Samara breeding showed the largest decrease of test weight, and the varieties of Orenburg breeding showed the smallest decrease. The varieties of Samara breeding showed the smallest decrease of protein contents in grain. The varieties of Ukraine breeding showed the most negative effect of dry conditions on their properties. In the dry years in comparison with the wet years there is an increase of the total vitreousness. The varieties of Ukraine and Samara breeding showed the largest increase of it. It is necessary to use the varieties which were found less depressive to dry conditions for more efficient grain production. If the studied varieties are cultivated under limited conditions of GOST in the steppe of Orenburg Pre-Urals, the grain production of 1-3 class can be obtained.