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The following method of examination of patients with chronic primary gastroduodenitis is proposed: 1) clinical examination; 2) roentgen and endoscopic examination; 3) assessment of genetic predisposition to ulcer disease; 4) examination of the acid- and pepsin-forming gastric function; 5) determination of the pepsin aggression ratio; 6) determination of the gastric juice defense ratio; 7) biochemical examination of the amino acid composition of the gastric mucosa; 8) determination of the lipid peroxidation intensity. The obtained data indicate that chronic primary gastroduodenitis is not a pre-disease but an initial stage of ulcer disease.

Electroolfactograms were recorded in isolated olfactory epithelium of pigs, both females and castrated males, of various age. The boar pheromone, 5 alpha-androst-16-en-3-one, elicited negative electrical responses up to 2 mV in many preparations. The threshold response corresponded to as low as 10(-9) g of the pheromone on a filter paper. The specific anosmia to the boar pheromone was discovered in few preparations, where responses to the pheromone were absent and the sensitivity to common odour substances (butyl acetate, camphor, butyric acid, etc.) was unchanged.

In field experiments, studies have been made on sex attractiopn of males in the moth L. pomonella. Cis-8-dodecenyl acetate (DDA) was confirmed to be a potent inhibitor of male attraction to the traps baited with virgin females or to a synthetic sex attractant (sex pheromone) trans-8,10-dodecadienol (DDD). DDA also slightly reduced the mating activity under laboratory conditions. The inhibitory effect of DDA on male sex attraction was studied by means of electroantennogram technique. Male antennae were stimulated by DDD and DDA either separately or in combination, DDA vapours being superimposed on the constant DDD background. DDD evoked always negative (excitatory) EAGs, but DDA elicited complex EAGs including both negative and positive (excitatory) EAGs, but DDA elicited complex EAGs including both negative and positive waves. Experiments with double stimulation showed that DDD and DDA produce excitation in different groups of the olfactory receptor cells. Besides, DDA was found to inhibit the EAG evoked by DDD. This inhibition is presumably due to hyperpolarization of the DDD-sensitive cells. Both physiological effects may be involved into inhibition of behavioural reactions in males. The inhibitory mechanism based on competition between DDA and DDD molecules for common receptor sites, seems to be lessprobable.