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Triticale is a versatile crop with high yield potential but insufficient resistance to unfavourable growing conditions. Therefore, the combination of high yield, adaptability, plasticity, stability and stress resistance of varieties is of great importance. The purpose of the research is to assess the adaptive potential of winter triticale cultivars according to the "yield" trait in agroecological conditions of the Middle Urals. Field studies were conducted in the Udmurt Republic in the years with contrasting weather conditions (2021–2023), the index of environmental conditions varied from -128 to 152. Forty-five cultivars of various ecological and geographical origin were studied. The analysis of the adaptive potential of the cultivars was carried out using various statistical methods. As a result, the most adaptive cultivars for the agroecological conditions of the Middle Urals were identified. The cultivars ‘Beta’, ‘Tribune’, ‘Topaz’, ‘Linda’ (Russia), ‘Mayak’, ‘Ales’ (Belarus), ‘Torchinsky’ (Ukraine) were char- acterized by high responsiveness to improving environmental conditions (bi = 1.82 2.01). The cultivars ‘Giray’, ‘Bereket’, ‘Ataman Platov’ (Russia), ‘Amulet’ (Belarus) showed relatively high stress resistance. The cultivars ‘Beta’, ‘Zimogor’, AD 1405, ‘Topaz’, ‘Kornet’ (Russia) were distinguished by a high compensatory ability. The cultivars ‘Bereket’ and ‘Ataman Platov’ had the lowest yield variability and at the same time high homeostaticity. When ranking the tested cultivars according to the listed indicators, the top ten most stable and plastic cultivars were ‘Zimogor’, ‘Kornet’, ‘Ataman Platov’, ‘Bereket’, ‘Nemchinovsky 56’, ‘Izhevskaya 2’, ‘Imprint’, ‘Bard’ (Russia), ‘Impulse’ (Belarus), ‘Chernobrivets’ (Ukraine), with a total ranking score from 55 to 95 points. The listed cultivars can be classified as the most valuable. In the agroecological conditions of the Middle Urals, it is advisable to cultivate varieties that combine high yields and adaptability – ‘Zimogor’, ‘Kornet’, ‘Izhevskaya 2’, and according to intensive technology – ‘Beta’ cultivar. The cultivars ‘Ataman Platov’, ‘Chernobrivets’, ‘Bereket’, ‘Bard’, ‘Impulse’, ‘Nemchinovsky 56’ also have practical value as a source material in the breeding of winter triticale to increase productivity and adaptability. A comparison of different methods for determining the adaptability of cultivars to specific environmental conditions showed the practical equivalence of the indicators of yield range, yield variation coefficient and homeostaticity.

Vancomycin is prescribed to patients in serious condition with infections caused by Gram-positive microorganisms; however, if the therapeutic plasma concentration of the medicinal product is exceeded, it can have a nephrotoxic effect.The aim of the study was to demonstrate the possibility of using therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to reduce the risk of developing nephropathy in intensive care unit patients with sepsis.Materials and methods: the study comprised a retrospective analysis of four clinical cases of patients with sepsis admitted to intensive care units of I.V. Davydovsky City Clinical Hospital in 2021 and treated with vancomycin. TDM of vancomycin plasma levels was performed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection.Results: using the four cases of septic patients, the study demonstrated that vancomycin at adequate case-specific doses may result in plasma concentrations beyond the therapeutic range. TDM of vancomycin concentrations helped to prevent further deterioration of renal dysfunction in one septic patient having developed acute kidney injury and to control the achievement of therapeutic vancomycin concentrations or timely adjust the dose to that effect in the other three cases.Conclusions: a timely correction of vancomycin dosing with plasma TDM allows for achieving high antimicrobial efficacy in patients with sepsis and minimising the nephrotoxic effect of the medicinal product. Studies of the feasibility of using TDM as a treatment personalisation tool for patients in serious condition will continue in the future.

The paper discusses the results of magnetometric studies on the complex of Khan mausoleums near the village of Lapas in Astrakhan Oblast conducted in 2018–2022. A brief prehistory of the monument is outlined, information about the complex of mausoleums in medieval cartography and written sources is provided, and details of the archaeological studies of the archaeological site are presented. The methods of studying, processing and presentation of the results of geophysical studies and geodetic works are described. The results of magnetometric studies at mausoleums No. 1 and No. 4 are given, which made it possible to identify numerous buried objects related to medieval funerary architecture, necropolis and production of building material at each mausoleum complex. Conclusions are drawn about the number, purpose and condition of the preserved structures and buildings, and their estimated dimensions. An assumption based on magnetometry data is made about two periods of operation of the investigated part of the mausoleum complex No. 1, where numerous structures of an earlier stage of existence are recorded, overlapped by the building and fence of mausoleum No. 1. The necessity, expediency and effectiveness of the use of non-contact study methods at large archaeological sites are demonstrated.

The purpose of the current work was to develop a highly productive winter rye variety for bakery with improved resistance to a complex of unfavorable factors and broad adaptability. The breeding work on the rye variety ‘Zilant’ was conducted in the Tatarsky Research Institute of Agriculture FRC of the Kazan Scientific Center of RAS in 2005–2015. The study of the variety in the Competitive Variety Testing was carried out in 2016–2019, in comparison with the standard varieties ‘Radon’ and ‘Tantana’. There has been presented a detailed characteristics of the variety ‘Zilant’ in terms of economically valuable indicators and adaptive potential according to grain productivity. The winter rye variety ‘Zilant’ formed the largest productivity on average for 4 years (50.2 hwt/ha) and produced high grain quality (229 s of a falling number and 647 u.a. of amylogram height, versus 224 s of a falling number and 625 u.a. of amylogram height of the standard variety ‘Radon’). The variety ‘Zilant’ has a dominant-monogenic type of short stems, strong short straw (on 14–13 cm lower than that of the standards). The variety possesses the same degree of field resistance to rust infections and ergot, resistance to powdery mildew as the standard variety ‘Radon’. There was determined that the rye variety ‘Zilant’, on average over the years of trials, was characterized by a significantly higher productivity (50.2 hwt/ ha, НСР05 = 1.5 c/ha) compared to the control, had a good combination of adaptability (bi = 1.149) and stability (Ϭd2 = 3.17). These advantages of the variety are provided by resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions, the formation of a denser cenosis, field resistance to diseases, and a short non-lodging stem. The rye variety ‘Zilant’ produced grain with high baking qualities, corresponding to the 1st class of standards for grain and flour. The variety was responsive to improving growing conditions, showed less response to stress factors and was adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions.

The article reviews domestic and international experiences in the design of children's camps, campsites, recreation centers, and spas related to the topic of recreation, for both children and adults. The main development criteria were identified, which provided a basis for analysis of all child recreation typologies. Basic requirements for the treatment of the spatial environment of these camps are formulated and the main trends in their development are identified.

Since the discovery of giant hydrocarbon fields in the north of Western Siberia, no unified concept regarding the mechanism and stages of their formation has been developed. This paper on the example of the Urengoy field demonstrates that the formation of HC accumulations from Jurassic to Cenomanian is related to hydrocarbon fluids, flowing upwards from the deep depth, and their subsequent transformation. In the sedimentation process, the gases of the secondary kerogen destruction form an upward fluid flow, which dissolves oil components from source rocks and carry them to shallower depths. The formation waters of the north Western Siberia are methane-saturated; so, due to changes in its solubility during the Neogene uplift, methane comes out into a free phase. The calculations were performed on the upward flow phase separation and oil and gas content changes in reservoirs with depth. The addition of 50 mole% of methane released from the water to the Neocomian reservoirs gives a good agreement on the C1-C4 components and the C5+ content in the formation gas. The calculations were based on the proposition that methane captures light fractions from oil rims, thus increasing oil density. At shallow depths, the hydrocarbons are biodegraded, which leads to formation of almost pure methane accumulations in the Cenomanian reservoirs. The main mechanism of the upward flow transformations, controlling the oil and gas accumulation, is phase transitions. The additional factors, like methane dissolution in water and its transition into a free phase, microbial converting of hydrocarbons assure consistency between the calculated formation fluid properties and the actual data in the entire sedimentary section.

Research subject. In this research, we set out to investigate polyhalite-containing rocks of the Southern Urals. The purpose of this study was to characterize the patterns of formation and transformation of polyhalite-containing rocks, as well as to identify conditions leading to their destruction. Materials and methods. We studied available literature and archive materials on the southern Urals, as well as core samples. Samples for thin sections were taken from the core of polyhalite-containing rocks. The sections were manufactured (where possible) in 2 mutually perpendicular cuts relative to the axis of the monolithic core sample. Considering a high solubility of salt minerals (halite) and the possibility of converting other minerals in aqueous media (e.g., polyhalite into gypsum due to the leaching of K and Mg cations herefrom), thin sections were manufactured in anhydrous liquids (kerosene, transformer oil). In order to determine the mineralogical composition, as well as the structural and textural features of the polyhalite-containing rocks under study, a petrographic analysis of the thin sections was carried out optically using a Polam-213 microscope. Geological sections were built using Corel Draw 13. To this end, geophysical data (gamma-ray logging) and lithological composition were studied.Results. It is found that pelitomorphic sulphate clusters transform into polyhalites followed by their further recrystallization into crystalline accretions. The diagenetic nature of this process is presumed. The location of polyhalite mineralization in the rocks under study confirms the effect of the basin bottom paleorelief on the intensity of polyhalite material accumulation. Conditions determining further destruction of these rocks were formed in local areas under the influence of various geological processes. Conclusion. The results of our research can be used for predicting zones rich in polyhalites in the southern Cis-Urals.

The authors describe two approaches to the construction of three-dimensional models of wooden objects on the example of building No. 41, found in the excavation “Tatar Slobodka” in the village of Sviyazhsk in 2011–2014. The first approach is to photograph the assembled space in the building and continue its construction in the program Agisoft Photoscan. The model obtained in this way, has been called by the authors "monolithic". The second approach is based on the collection of structures on a single platform from individual models of wooden elements that make up its structure. Thus a "combined" model has been constructed by the authors. Two approaches was based on photogrammetry methods. In the course of the study, a comparison was made between the methods of obtaining "monolithic" and "composite" models, each of which has a number of advantages and disadvantages. "Monolithic" is characterized by high speed of the model and a small amount of memory. "Сombined" model allows you to compose the model of the building from the elements in the computer without its actual collection in space.

Relevance of work. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a subject of many international studies, which leads to permanent renewal of clinical recommendations and standards of diagnostics and therapy of this disease. The objective included evaluation of the clinical state of COPD patients, functional evaluation of data and peculiarities of their therapy in three pulmonologic departments of Kazan. Materials and methods. 100 COPD patients in conditions of inpatient department: 98 men (98%) and 2 women (2%), whose average age reached 65.14 ± 0.81 (8.14) years (median – 66 y.o.), only 23% were younger than 60 y.o.. The study was observational and non-interventional. Results. By classification GOLD-2007 patients were distributed in the following way: GOLD I (FEV1 80% and more) – in 4%, GOLD II (FEV1 50–79%) – in 22%, GOLD III (FEV1 30–49%) – in 49%, GOLD IV (FEV1 lower than 30%) – in 25%. By ABCD GOLD-2017 classification 1 patient was referred to Group C and 99 – to subgroup D. Combination of short term broncholytics and combination of iGCS/LABA was the most frequently used therapy. Only each third patient received long acting anticholinergic drugs. Conclusion. In the course of the study significant trends in therapy of COPD patients were detected. Prospects of improvement of rendering help to COPD patients were specified.

The halogen deposits opened with the wells drilled in the Nivensk hollow of Kaliningrad-Gdansk saliferous pool are studied. The executed researches confirm significantly sulfate-chloride type of a brine in the pool of sedimentation and an important role of calcium and sulfate-ion in processes of replacement of potassium minerals at a postsedimentation stage of their transformation.

A fundamental property of many organisms is the ability to feel, to assess direction of the signal action and respond to the environmental conditions. It is known that chromatin plays a major role in organizing the regulation of gene activity. However, our understanding of how state of the suprastructure organization of chromatin and its proteins reacts not only to changes in the environment, but also on the development of specific signals remains largely unclear. In the course of this work, we have analyzed the result of the various ways of chromatin modifications: the regulatory Arg-X protease-processing and inhibition of protein deacetylation with sodium butyrate. Sodium butyrate causes cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and promotes of duration of the transcriptional activity of chromatin. Experiments on molecular-genetic state of the chromatin matrix were carried out at the induction of growth morphogenesis in the physiological period of active water absorption of mature seeds and wheat germs, which were purposefully transformed and formed in different environmental conditions. During focused, long-term transforming of spring wheat Artemovka into winter wheat Mironovskaya 808 and the last of them again into Mironovskaya Spring wheat while stopping of the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, mainly occurs the active Arg-X protease-processing at the level of non-histone proteins, and linker histones of suprastructures chromatin. We assume that the regulatory proteolytic processing and prolongation of acetylation of proteins can be interconnected in the regulation of conformational transitions of chromatin at the different levels of its organization: both suprastructures and at the more profound proteomic level of non-histone and histone blocks, and have its peculiarities during the period of transcriptional activation. We hope that the study peculiarities of locations of regulatory proteolysis in the conditions of inhibition of deacetylation in spring and winter forms of wheat can give a new possibility for understanding the epigenetic code of plants in order to increase crop yields and quality.

Investigation morphogenetic processes of how the plant is formed for interact with the environment is necessary to understanding the fundamental problems of stress supramolecular biochemistry of developmental biology. Modern biology has established that the molecular morphogenesis belonging to the number of morphological processes. The molecular morphogenesis is directly based on well-studied forces of intermolecular interactions. From the progress of understanding the morphogenesis, expected not only purely cognitive, but also the practical results of biotechnology. The purpose of work was the analysis of shielding of morphogenetic suprastructures of interphase chromatin matrix to the localization of sensitivity of the regulatory proteolysis in the conditions of adaptation of vegetative phase of wheat to the stressful environmental factors. It was shown that in the conditions of long-term adaptation to cold shock of wheat at the level of suprastructures, of the packaged in the nuclear matrix of the genome, is carried out the total shielding of arginine-X zones for the regulatory protease-processing. Perhaps these zones represents one of the elements of the LCR (locus control regions), which are related to the histone code and influence the architectural organization of the cell nucleus, which is formed to facilitate life of organism in complex environmental conditions. These data will be useful for those who involved in the development of mathematical-logic schemes of theory and practice of biological specificity and may be included in the ontology of stages of plant growth and development.

Research of fundamental molecular and genetic processes of plant interaction with the environment, is a progressive field of understanding the fundamental problems of stress supramolecular biochemistry of developmental biology. The purpose of the work was the analysis of localization shielded to protease processing proteins of suprastructures of interphase chromatin matrix in the conditions of adaptation during vegetative phase of wheat to stressful environment factors. It is shown that in the conditions of perennial adaptation to cold shock of wheat at the level of chromatin suprastructures tightly bound to the nuclear matrix there is a total shielding of arginine-X sites to protease-processing. Perhaps these are zones that affect to the architecture organization of the cell nucleus that can help to survive in complex environmental conditions. According to the priorities in the study of agricultural plants, put forward by EPIC (The Epigenomics of Plants International Consortium) in 2011 for the next decade, was included the point of necessity to understand the molecular basis of the interactions of genotype and environment that change the characteristics of plants in different conditions of the environment. These data will be useful for those who involved in the development of mathematical logic schemes of the theory and practice of biological specificity, and it could be included in the ontology of the stages plant growth and development.

In view of the controversial nature of the transnational enterprise activity, it becomes relevant the development of monitoring mechanisms, system analysis, the control of processes of the production transnationalization from an economic security position. In the given article it is described the features of state influence on transnational business for national economic interests. It is identified the conditions for effective regulation of the processes of product transnationalization under the increasing of the economic instability.