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Precision research and technological equipment, as a rule, is not able to provide its specification characteristics without a high-quality vibration protection system. Active vibration control of an object is provided with the help of an additional source of movement, an actuator. The most promising high accuracy actuators are based on smart materials, such as materials with shape memory, piezoelectric and magnetostrictive materials, electro- and magnetic active fluids and elastomers. Dielectric elastomer is one of the types of electroactive polymers. Actuators based on a dielectric elastomer show high performance in terms of accuracy and speed and operate due to the controllable deformation of the elastomer under the action of a high voltage electric field. The paper provides a comparison of actuators based on sheet and thin film control electrodes. The influence of the quality of the polymer surface and the type of electrodes on the travel range of the actuator and maximum amplitude of vibrations the system can suppress on the basis of a dielectric elastomer is estimated. The formation of the electrode by magnetron sputtering in vacuum makes it possible to create a thin-film layer of copper that covers the elastomer, despite the developed surface. The effect of ion treatment of an elastomer before coating on the quality of the formed electrode is considered. After the ion treatment, the surface of the elastomer acquires a more uniform regular structure. A thin-film electrode layer is formed according to the topology of the elastomer to an accomplished standard.

The paper presents a numerical method developed by the authors. The method consists in obtaining a three-dimensional component fatigue surface model according to the results of tests corresponding to two to four values of the operational factor, making it possible to plot the fatigue limit – operational parameter curve. A description of the algorithm of the method is presented, its validity is confirmed. The results show good agreement with outside empirical data for other values of the operational parameters. A model of the fatigue surface is constructed. The model specifies the calculation of strength of aircraft elements operating in rarified atmosphere (e.g. engine compartments of space complexes and upper stages of carrier rockets). The model increases the endurance calculation accuracy and enables structural mass optimization.

Objective. Technologies of vacuum dehydration of solutions in the microwave field are constantly developing in the direction of increasing the energy efficiency of the drying process and reducing the cost of target products. This scientific direction fully applies to vacuum microwave drying of soy suspension in a foamed state. In this regard, the most important task is to improve mathematical modeling, which provides significant assistance in the study of heat and mass transfer processes occurring in vacuum dryers with microwave power supply; in the design of new installations and the development of effective modes of their operation; the development of optimal modes of vacuum drying foamed soy suspension, taking into account thermophysical and electrophysical characteristics. Method. The research is based on computer simulation methods. Result. Using the results of previous studies, a mathematical apparatus was obtained for finding the temperature in a foamy product during vacuum microwave drying. Its difference from existing mathematical models lies in the possibility of using simple methods for analyzing differential equations with fewer unknown variables. A method of numerical and analytical solution of a mathematical model of the process of vacuum microwave drying of foamed suspension is proposed. Experimental verification showed quite satisfactory convergence of the simulation results with an error of 10-12%. Conclusion. The study of numerical methods for solving the formulated problem makes it possible to determine the temperature at any point of the soybean suspension, taking into account the thermophysical and electrical characteristics of the suspension in a wide range of operating parameters.

The aim of the study is to analyze the data of the modern foreign and domestic literature on intestinal fistulas, including high unformed small intestinal fistulas, their classification, treatment methods, drainage methods, their types and effectiveness. Research method: the search in the elibrary, CyberLeninka, PubMed and SpringerLink databases. Intestinal fistulas, often found in the surgical practice, appear due to a number of reasons (errors in the surgical technique and conservative treatment, tactical errors, the presence of severe concomitant diseases, etc.) and present a high-risk factor for death. Clinically, intestinal fistulas can differ depending on their localization, etiology, morphology, function, complications, etc., that causes certain difficulties in choosing the treatment method and reduces its success. Special attention is paid to high unformed small intestinal fistulas, which are accompanied by pronounced impairment of the body's homeostasis system, on the one hand, and the need for a multi-stage treatment, on the other hand. The treatment regimen for high unformed small intestinal fistulas includes both conservative and surgical approaches. The conservative method of treatment includes an intensive infusion therapy, control of the source of infectious complications, reduction of irretrievable losses, nutritional therapy, and a local treatment, which consists in protecting the tissues from the aggressive intestinal content and various methods of adequate drainage of the wound. The drainage methods used for intestinal fistulas differ depending on the principle of their operation, the surgical drain material, the configuration of the wound, the fistula morphology, the number of fistulas, etc. Active and vacuum methods seem to be used most frequently and efficiently in the local treatment of high unformed small intestinal fistulas. So far, according to the (very limited) modern literature, there has been a diversity in the effectiveness of the drainage treatment approaches in patients with high unformed small intestinal fistulas, thus, further studies are needed to study and evaluate their pathogenetic role and effectiveness.

Many meat processing enterprises use the frozen raw meat. Its defrosting and thawing is a crucial technological operation that fundamentally affects the quality of food products. The experience and knowledge obtained directly in the workshop in the process of thawing the raw materials and their using to obtain a specific finished product are of great importance. Defrosting and thawing of the frozen beef meat, as one of the stages of raw meat processing, still remains a challenging process in industrial food production. The importance of this process is constantly increasing due to the growing volumes of frozen raw materials processed in food enterprises. Scientific research shows that one of the most efficient methods of defrosting and thawing is the process of meat thawing with saturated water steam under vacuum. When applying the steam the raw materials is heated at its least and minimal losses are observed, while the duration of the process is significantly reduced. This work examines the process of beef meat defrosting and thawing with simultaneous shaking and crumpling the frozen mass, which can be called as massaging of raw materials. As studies have shown, this method of thawing makes it possible to reduce losses down to almost zero and obtain raw materials with good structural characteristics for the production of a finished product with a wide range of consumer properties. The obtained experimental curves of changes in the mass and temperature of raw materials make it possible to analyze the kinetics of heat transfer and mass transfer processes at the macro- and micro levels of the food system, which serve as the basis for modeling and controlling the technological process. This study presents the results of conventional defrosting and thawing of the raw meat but combined with massaging. Studies of the parameters of processing modes have shown that the proposed program makes it possible to use efficiently the design and technological features of the defroster-massager in order to obtain the raw beef for the production of high-quality food products. The results of experimental studies and their analysis allow making conclusion about the prospects of applying this process for the other types of raw meat materials before the main technological processing of raw materials.

Objective. The aim of the study is to formulate a mathematical model of the process of vacuum microwave drying to determine the temperature fields in foamed suspensions. With the obvious advantages of microwave drying in a vacuum, the possibility of overheating of the dried material is not excluded, which affects its quality. Therefore, the limitation on the temperature of the material during drying must be taken into account in the simulation.Method. The study is based on the methods of simulation computer modeling.Result. The formulation of the modeling problem for determining the temperature fields in foamed suspensions in a wide range of regime parameters is proposed.Conclusion. Increasing the accuracy of simulation results by improving the mathematical description is the basis of modern research in the field of technology and equipment for vacuum microwave drying.

The requirements for the quality of steel products dictate the need to increase the share of evacuated steel. In addition, the growing cost of fuel, as well as the desire of society and the state to decarbonize various industries, including ferrous metallurgy, requires companies to reduce fuel costs and switch to more modern and cleaner technologies. Reducing the specific fuel consumption, and, accordingly, emissions, is possible due to the transition to continuous production, minimizing the cost of heating the equipment and maintaining the set temperature in the degasser during technological downtime. The article deals with the issues of steel melt degassing in U-type continuous degassers in continuous steel making units. Aim. To consider the influence of rarefaction of a gas bubble on the characteristic size over the melt, speed and time of its surfacing in a U-type degassing unit. Based on the obtained dependences, to determine the characteristic size of a vacuum chamber and energy effect of switching to a continuous vacuumization. Methods.. Results. The authors have determined a bubble characteristic size in a steel melt under vacuum of different degrees. They studied the effect of vacuum on vacuumization speed and the degassing unit dimensions. The energy effect of switching to continuous vacuumization was determined. The proposed methodology is valid for liquid media, the calculations are presented on the example of molten steel. Based on the conducted calculations, the depression influence on molten steel vacuumization was determined. The vacuum chamber dimensions, comparable with RH-vacuum cleaners presented at the market of similar productivity and quality of finished products, as well as reducing energy consumption for steel degassing in a continuous vacuum degasser, compared with the existing circulating installation, were determined.

Objective. The aim of the study is the mathematical support of the vacuum microwave process, the design of the installation in CAD, the manufacture of a prototype, the modeling of temperature and moisture content fields.Method. The mathematical model was implemented numerically by the finite element method in the Comsol Multiphysics environment on a grid of 3678 elements, using its deformation to change the height.Result. Experimental data were obtained on a laboratory vacuum microwave installation, which made it possible to identify patterns in the drying of foamed materials. The drying parameters, as well as the properties of the initial and dried material, were analyzed. A pilot-type vacuum plant was designed using CAD and a working prototype was made. The modeling of the temperature field and moisture content zones in the dynamics of the process has been carried out.Conclusion. Mathematical modeling of the drying process makes it possible to determine the temperature fields and moisture content of the material with a high accuracy with a relatively small amount of necessary experimental data.

Background. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to make management decisions to ensure the reliability of electronic products in conditions of insufficient information and unknown algorithms for solving the problem. The advantages of using modern information technologies to automate the process of forming a management decision at different stages of the product life cycle are shown. A decision support system is proposed that allows evaluating the reliability indicators of electronic products using elements of artificial intelligence and unique expert knowledge. Materials and methods. A computer decision support system for ensuring the reliability of vacuum products generally includes modules for control, processing, storage, as well as software that provides input and output of information, including in graphical form. The system database contains a computer model of the product, including a description of the technical characteristics of the product, test methods, methods for calculating and predicting reliability indicators, and methods for analyzing the effect of materials and manufacturing technology on product quality. Results. The effectiveness of using the decision support system by reducing the material and time costs for full-scale testing of products is substantiated. Conclusions. An algorithm for the operation of a decision support system for evaluating the reliability indicators of vacuum products is presented, which is based on a mathematical model of the time of leakage of hydrogen molecules and gels through a vacuum-tight shell of a product. The possibility of a combination of various combinations of product parameters, as well as levels of external influencing factors to achieve the specified values of reliability indicators is shown.

Copyright of German International Journal of Modern Science / Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für Zeitgenössische Wissenschaft is the property of Artmedia24 and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of vacuuming on the curing processes of liquid‑glass mixtures. The method of conducting experiments using an original laboratory vacuum installation and the mechanisms of curing a liquid‑glass mixture with various hardening methods are described. Studies have shown that vacuuming can signifi antly accelerate the curing and increase the strength of the mixture while reducing the content of the silicate binder. This; in turn; facilitates the knockability of liquid‑glass mixtures and expands the prospects for using these environmental friendly mixtures in foundry as an alternative to sands based on organic binders.

Copyright of German International Journal of Modern Science / Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für Zeitgenössische Wissenschaft is the property of Artmedia24 and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Waste generation in the life of people and enterprises is an inevitable process today. The level of utilization of municipal waste has increased on average to 23 % in Belarus. The paper provides an assessment of the existing systems for the collection and disposal of waste solid household items based on technological stages (preparation of waste for loading into a garbage collection vehicle; organization of temporary storage of waste in households, at enterprises; collection and removal of waste from the territories of households, organizations and enterprises; neutralization, processing and recycling of waste). The consequences of untimely collection of solid household and industrial waste are considered in the paper. The paper presents the factors that have a harmful effect on the human environment and the ecology of the territories of settlements and enterprises. An analysis of the effectiveness of the timely removal of such components in the systems of municipal services of cities and enterprises as an important component providing social, economic and environmental significance is given in the paper. At the present stage of the development of technology and available technologies, one of the most rational and economically justified ways of delivering waste to the areas for their sorting and processing is vacuum transportation using pipeline transport. Its application is justified for industrial zones and settlements with high and medium population density. Moreover, such a pipeline can be laid next to existing pipeline and other transport communications.

This article is devoted to development and research of sensitive elements, transducers and vacuum gauges created by resonant method and intended for measuring absolute pressure in a wide range from 10 to 104 Pa.

The characteristics of the field electron emission of the iridium tip with different carbon formations on its surface are investigated. It was found that in some cases, compared to metal emitters the carbon-coated emitter exhibits significantly greater emission stability and resistance to residual gases when operating in insufficiently good vacuum conditions.

Objectives The aim of the study is to study the effect of vacuum treatment, heating temperature, mixing time and load force on the strength of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete for lining thermal units.Method The study is based on the vacuum processing technology of heat-resistant concrete based on a composite binder for lining the hearth of a trolley of a brick kiln, vacuum-packed concrete mix.Result The effect of vacuum processing of the mixture on the technological properties of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete on a composite binder made from Portland cement and finely ground expanded clay activated in a planetary mill (Activator-4M) is investigated. Compositions have been developed and the technological properties of expanded clay concrete have been investigated depending on the heating temperature and the amount of finely ground additives.Conclusion The results of the analysis of the dependence of the strength of expanded clay concrete on the heating temperature, the mixing time and the load strength confirm that the concrete strength indicators during evacuation are higher than for concrete without vacuum treatment; the increase in concrete strength after vacuum treatment under various technological exposure conditions is explained by an increase in workability indicators, which is characterized by the mobility and stiffness of the concrete mixture, denser packing of aggregate in the concrete structure, and also the large effect of vacuum compaction associated with the suction of water and air as well as static sealing due to the difference in atmospheric pressure and vacuum cavity pressure. The magnitude of the effective force reaches 70-75 kN / m2 with the removal of water and air from the vacuum surface; the pressure transmitted to the concrete is reduced, since part of the load is spent on determining the forces of internal friction and the development of contact stresses in the solid phase.

The results of research on increasing the efficiency of a firing test facility for testing thrusters under high-altitude conditions are presented. The increase in efficiency consists in reducing the expansion pressure generated by the ejector and the flow of the active gas (air) consumed by it. Experimental studies were carried out using three versions of gas generators developed by the author which ensure an increase in the energy of the active gas before it is supplied to the ejector. When using the GG-1 gas generator with working media such as air, kerosene and water, the vacuum of less than 1 mm Hg was achieved with the air mass flow rate of 1.1 kg/s (the ejector provides a vacuum of 13 mm Hg with the cool air flow rate of 2 kg/s). However, the design features of the gas generator led to a cumbersome system of supplying working fluids and a complicated start-up sequence. The GG-2 gas generator with air and kerosene as working media failed to provide the temperature of the active gas below 600°C, therefore, to prevent ejector malfunctioning, GG-2 was turned off when the rarefaction reached 13 mm Hg. The air mass flow rate was 1.1 kg/s. The working media of the GG-3 gas generator are air and kerosene or air and natural gas. The design of the GG-3 makes it possible to regulate the temperature of the produced active gas. When working on kerosene, a vacuum of 4 mmHg was reached with the air mass flow rate of 1.5 kg/s. The studies of GG-3 using natural gas as a fuel are going on.

The article is devoted to theoretical and experimental substantiation of technical capability of the differentiated recording of milk when milking into the milk line. The pilot studies were carried out in 2017 … 2018 in the cowshed for 200 heads of one of the enterprises of the Kirov region. Milking duration depending on intensity of milk secretion was divided into three stages: initial, main and final. The theoretical analysis of the process of milk secretion from an udder nipple of a cow was made. Analytical expressions for definition of the current flow rate of milk were received during milking. The vacuum mode in under-mamillary chambers of the duple milking machine and integrated schedules of milk yield were studied and analyzed during the whole process of milking into the milk line. The weak interrelation between the current milk yield and corresponding vacuum in the under-mamillary chamber of a teat cup was revealed during milking (R2 = 0.06…0.15). Very close interrelation (R2 = 0.95) between milk yield and duration of milk secretion confirmed a possibility of differentiated recording of milk yield by measurement of the real time of milk outflow during each working cycle. Mathematical models of an algorithm of functioning of devices of the differentiated recording of milk have been developed during milking. Differentiated milk recording during milking can be technically carried out by addition into the device of udder on-quarters milking monitoring of milk secretion intensity the blocks of measurement of time of the real milk flow during each working cycle, calculation and indication of milk yield. Use of milking machines with function of differentiated recording of the milk yield will allow to increase the duration of productive use of animals, quantity and quality of the milk yield.

Consumption of unprocessed meat products in the conditions of increasing and subsequent preservation of achieved meat production volumes in the Russian Federation is continue to increase. At present, semi-finished products occupied first in the overall structure of production and consumption meat products, having overtaken in aggregate all types of processed products. In the background of increasing competition between domestic producers, the requirements for the packaging of the main types of unprocessed products – cuts and lumpy semi-finished products – will be continue to increase as an important driver of sales. Research studies play an important role in the development of packaging solutions for industry. This review focuses on the main areas of scientists studying from different countries. Modern scientific achievement in the field of vacuum packaging for chilled meat and semi-finished products including heat-shrinkable materials and skin packaging are presented. Special attention was paid to the forming safety and quality indexes of meat products, as well as functionality and «barrier» of packaging materials. Basic aspects of modified atmosphere packaging with different gas mixture including monoxide carbon and high oxygen using to maintain the desirable bright red color meat are considered.The further directions for development of technology sous-vide are discussed, as well as active and intelligent packaging. The search for new ideas in the field of active and smart packaging will help for better controlling shelf life, regulating freshness and maintaining stable quality of meat products.

Modern passenger aircraft cannot be considered without the requirements to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers on board. One of the systems that provide the necessary comfort on the plane is the waste disposal system, which is designed to meet the physiological needs of the human body. Today, a promising waste disposal system type is a vacuum principle of operation. The vacuum-type waste disposal system is a combination of complex multifunctional subsystems: waste collection, waste storage, vacuumization, drain and flush, system control. Such systems development, consisting of devices, based on heterogeneous physical principles of operation, is a complex scientific and technical problem associated with the conduct of diverse applied research in the field of design, development and targeted use of the system. One main system elements is a waste storage tank. An important step in the tank design is to determine its weight and size characteristics in the early stages of development. These characteristics are significantly influenced by the tank filling process, which also determines the placement of equipment in it. The aim of the work presented in the article is to study the tank filling process with the help of numerical simulation methods.

Copyright of Electrometallurgy Today / Sovremennaya Elektrometallurgiya is the property of International Association Welding (Paton Publishing House) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper deals with the preparation of the wafer dough, the main characteristics and methods for evaluating its quality. The design of the dough mixer to prepare the wafer dough in a vacuum medium has been proposed. The presence of vacuum provides a differential pressure for transporting the dough ingredients from one container to another and intensifies the kneading of the dough, reduces the dough kneading time and the specific energy consumption. The experiments carried out on the experimental setup made it possible to determine the optimum technological parameters of the wafer dough kneading process: the kneading time, the pressure drop in the dough mixer and the rheological parameters of the wafer dough. It has been established that the selection of the rational time of the dough kneading makes it possible to regulate the degree of its aeration and to improve the quality of the baked wafer sheets. The kneading time required for achieving the degree of homogeneity of its structure and readiness for its use for baking waffle sheets has been determined on the basis of the analysis of its morphology and minimum values of dynamic viscosity. The experiments have shown that the full cycle of kneading the dough (taking into account the time for loading of the original components and that for unloading of the finished dough) is 80 seconds. During an hour the proposed dough mixer can carry out 44 complete kneading cycles of the wafer dough, its productivity being 330 kg/h. It is shown that the use of the proposed dough mixer makes it possible to reduce the specific energy consumption for the preparation of the wafer dough by 1.5 times as compared to the serial samples of turbo-mixers.

Nowadays most of spacecraft (SC) design implementations are untightened therefore all the elements and units are subject to external factors. Forming an inherent atmosphere around the SC is one of these factors. The paper conducts physicochemical studies of acrylic thermal control coatings to evaluate inherent atmosphere parameters and possibility to predict the SC performance capability. The thermal gravimetric analysis allowed us to obtain the curves of kinetics of the material weight loss under temperature in the isothermal mode. A mathematical equation, which describes the process of acrylic coating weight loss more appropriately than the Arrenius law, was calculated.

The supported metal/oxide systems consisting of Au and Ag metal clusters, deposited on the surface of TiO2 and MoO3 in high vacuum, have been studied by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The major feature for all the studied systems is the reduction of the oxide at the contact interface by the deposited metal. The minor details differentiating Au and Ag, as well as TiO2 and MoO3 are determined by the differences in electronic structure of Au and Ag, TiO2 and MoO3 , as well as their transformation at the contact.

Copyright of Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnography of the Serbian Academy of Sciences & Arts / Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU is the property of Institute of Ethnography, SASA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hydrodynamic cavitation is used in degassing technologies as an effective method for removing dissolved gases and/or free gas in the form of bubbles from various liquids. Mathematical models of the degassing in cavitating flows are not yet developed and presented in the literature quite insufficiently. Therefore, development of a reliable model for simultaneous cavitation and liquid degassing is an important fundamental and applied task. Key issues that make it difficult to create a reliable mathematical model for the degassing of liquids are considered. In order to develop the mathematical model of liquid degassing, computational experiments on water deaeration were performed using the profiled Venturi nozzle as a hydrodynamic cavitator. The aim of the present investigation is to find a correlation between global hydrodynamic flow characteristics and cavitation induced undissolved gas fractions generated behind generic flow constrictions such as an orifice or Venturi tube. Evolution of the cavitation cluster and the level of the dynamic cavitation effects in liquid flow within a Venturi nozzle, depending on the design features and the mode of operation of this type cavitator, are considered. A system is described for rapidly remove dissolved gasses or volatile contaminants from a liquid, which is forced at a sufficient pressure and velocity through a Venturi nozzle, designed and operated in a fashion to produce vapor-gas micro-bubbles. The outlet of the cavitator is connected through a short pipe with a vacuum tank, in which a constant pressure is maintained close to the saturated vapor pressure of the processed liquid at a given temperature. It was shown, that in any cavitation degassing study the liquid must be monitored by measuring the number of nuclei present in the liquid. The influence of the initial size of gas nuclei and the concentration in the liquid on the intensity of the cavitation degassing process is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. To study the intensity of soft tissue repair in patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) during local negative pressure wound treatment versus standard wound care. Subjects and methods. The investigators estimated the clinical (wound sizes, local tissue oxygenation), histological (light microscopy), and immunohistochemical (CD31, CD68, MMP-9, and TIMP-1) markers for reparative processes in patients with DFS during vacuum therapy versus standard wound care. Forty-two patients with the neuropathic and neuroischemic (without critical ischemia) forms of DFS were examined after debridement. In the perioperative period, 21 patients received negative pressure wound therapy and 21 had standard wound care. Results. During vacuum therapy, the area and depth of wound defects decreased by 19.8±7.8 and 42.8±5.6%, respectively (p=0.002) (as compared to the baseline data). In the control group, these indicators were 17.0±19.4 and 16.6±21.6% (p=0.002). There was a significant intensification of local microhemodynamics according to transcutaneous oximetry readings in the negative pressure wound treatment group. After 9±2 days of treatment, histological examination of granulation tissue revealed a significant reduction in edema, cessation of inflammatory infiltration, and formation of mature granulation tissue in Group 1. Immunohistological examination indicated a more obvious increase in the count of macrophages (CD68 staining) and a significant increment in the number of newly formed vessels, as evidenced by anti-CD31 antibody staining. During the treatment, there was a decline of the expression of MMP-9 and an increase in that of TIMP-1, as compared to those in the control group. Conclusion. The findings are indicative of the enhanced intensity of reparative processes in patients with DFS during vacuum therapy versus standard wound care, resulting in more rapidly decreased wound sizes, increased local microhemodynamics, reduced inflammation, and accelerated wound transition from the inflammatory to the proliferative phase.

Objective of research: elaboration of effective and energy-efficiency methods for the decontamination of fishes of the larvae of Opisthorchis both in industrial and domestic environment. Materials and methods: In the experiment we used orfes (nerflings) spontaneously infected with Opisthorchis felineus metacercariae. Vacuum treatment, electrodynamic shock vibration, ultrasonic irradiation, and microwave radiation were used for treatment of fish infected with opisthorchids. O. felineus metacercariae were identified by artificial digestion method. The viability of metacercariae was determined according to the preservation of morphological structure of metacercariae, their mobility, excystation of larvae using the trypsin-bile salt excystation method (experimental infestation of golden hamster and white outbreed mice). Results and discussion: In was determined that O. felineus metacercariae are resistant to vacuum, electrodynamic shock vibration and ultrasound mostly due to the structure of their capsule. Even when using the microwave we can observe the total decontamination of fish of Opisthorchis metacercariae.

The authors elaborate the economical efficiency evaluation technique that could be universal and applied for technical-and-economic feasibility study of the ball-cleaning system installation on the steam turbines of the electric power plants. Besides the effect from reducing the exhaust steam pressure in the condenser by means of the ball-cleaning system implementation, this technique also accounts for the effect of lowering the condenser hydraulic pressure.The article refers to the practical results of the ball-cleaning system introduction on the steam turbines of Gomel CHP-2. As a result of regular application of the ball-cleaning system the temperature difference of the condensers of all blocks Т-180/210-130-1 confined into the regulatory values and the cleanness coefficient of all three turbine units reached 0,85. The authors consider the working results, implementation experience of the ball-cleaning system at Gomel CHP-2 and its efficiency evaluation technique to be worth disseminating when introducing the analogous systems at the plants of Belarusian power network.The authors suggest measures on the condenser automatic-cleaning system improvement with the turbine mathematical-simulation model employment that will make it possible to optimize the condenser cleaning regimes and to increase the ball-cleaning system effectiveness with the condenser cleanness coefficient growing up to 0,90–0,92.

Metagalaxy in finite spatial and temporal boundaries is qualitatively certain material formation, a single, coherent financial system in the boundless expanse of the universe. Material substrate is Metagalaxy metagalactic vacuum as a real physical environment and the arena of action of all material processes in the Metagalaxy. In Metagalaxy there are two types of interactions: gravity and electromagnetism are two excited states Metagalactic vacuum, all the other interactions ("weak", "strong") are the consequence of these two fundamental interactions. Inertial motion of the real weight in a vacuum explains the paradox of d'Alembert-Euler, and gravity - "rolling up" in the "potential well" real masses and "black holes". The main feature of the metagalactic vacuum is its unequal optical density. In addition to the local optical inhomogeneities with the index of refraction greater than unity (n>1), the giant optical inhomogeneity is all metagalactic vacuum, with a maximum optical density (nmax) in the center of Metagalaxy, c (n =1) "here" and "now" ("Time of Life ") and then to (n

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The ZnO—Ag ceramic system as the material for semiconductor sensors of ethanol vapors was proposed quite a long time ago. The main goal of this work was to study surface electron states of this system and their relation with the electric properties of the material. The quantity of doping with Ag2O was changed in the range of 0,1–2,0% of mass. The increase of the Ag doping leads to a shift of the Fermi level down (closer to the valence zone). The paper presents research results on electrical properties of ZnO-Ag ceramics using the method of thermal vacuum curves of electrical conductivity. Changes in the electrical properties during heating in vacuum in the temperature range of 300—800 K were obtained and discussed. The increase of Tvac leads to removal of oxygen from the surface of samples The oxygen is adsorbed in the form of O2– and O– ions and is the acceptor for ZnO. This results in the lowering of the inter-crystallite potential barriers in the ceramic. The surface electron states (SES) above the Fermi level are virtually uncharged. The increase of the conductivity causes desorption of oxygen from the SES settled below the Fermi level of the semiconductor. The model allows evaluating the depth of the Fermi level in the inhomogeneous semiconductor materials.

The paper describes the source of solid-phase materials plasma flow generated by vacuum-arc discharge in vapors of diffuse evaporated anode. The source can efficiently create macroparticle-free plasma flows of various metals in vacuum, and provided the vacuum chamber is filled with required working gases, the source creates gas and gas-metal plasma flows. The main characteristics of the discharge and the parameters of the plasma flows with compensated volume charge are presented. The source can be used for application of island and thin metal films on substrates of different materials, including dielectrics.

The article is dedicated to mathematic modeling of natural water desalination process by method of thermal distillation. The article gives the equations which allow describing the processes of film flowing and boiling of water, steam condensation and vacuum maintenance. The article presents the algorithm of calculation, implemented in MatLab computer mathematic system and Excel electronic tables, and the initial data required for the calculation. The model has been checked for adequacy. The calculation of ten-effect distillation system is given. The results of work can be used in design and optimization of process conditions for distillation systems.

Copyright of International Scientific Conference: Contemporary Innovation Technique of the Engineering Personnel Training for the Mining & Transport Industry is the property of National Mining University, State Higher Educational Institution and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)