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The authors investigated general principles and specific development of medico-economic standard-based data-processing system, "Expert-MES", for early diagnosis of tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The method of calculating the actual cost of diagnostic measures is demonstrated with regard to necessary volumes. The possibilities of monitoring the implementation of MES in request of patients for examination in outpatient clinics are evaluated.

The endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is considered to be the leading method of diagnostic of the submucous gastrointestinal tumors. Results of diagnostics and treatment of submucous tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract in 38 patients were analyzed. EUS was performed in 37 (97,4%) of patients, which allowed to detect the origin, size and localization of the tumor. The differential diagnostic algorithm was suggested together with certain indications for various surgical treatment modalities. Thereby, endoscopic ablation is reasonable when the tumor invades not deeper than muscle plate of mucosa or the submucose layer. Laparoscopic full-layer resection of the organ wall is necessary when the tumor invades the muscle layer. Larger tumors or those of any size, but with preoperative signs of high malignancy must be eradicated through laparotomy, meeting all principles of oncology.

We studied the dynamics of morbidity of the digestive apparatus including peptic ulcer, gastritis, duodenitis and mortality in the Udmurt Republic from 1992 to 2002. We revealed the decrease of morbidity of the digestive apparatus and stable data for peptic ulcer but the increase of mortality from the digestive apparatus pathologies on the whole and from complications of peptic ulcer. The mortality from the digestive apparatus diseases and peptic ulcer is forecasted to increase in the next years if the same social and economic conditions are preserved and there are no changes in the health-care system.