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The review presents the main results of scientific and technical cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Guinea over 10 years of joint work, since the deployment of a group of Russian specialists and mobile laboratories from the mobile complex of the specialized anti-epidemic team of the Rospotrebnadzor in August 2014 to provide practical and methodological assistance in eliminating the epidemic caused by the Ebola virus. The main areas of cooperation are the strengthening of laboratory and hospital facilities, joint research and training of specialists from specialized institutions in Guinea on biosafety issues. During the implementation of the Russian Federation programs of assistance to the Republic of Guinea in combating infectious diseases, public-private partnership mechanisms with UC “RUSAL” were involved, which made it possible to bring Russia’s participation in eradicating the epidemic of Ebola virus disease and subsequently strengthening Guinea’s national capacity to combat biological threats to the maximum effect.

Objective: to trace the evolution of humanity and to identify the role of various social institutions in order to understand the existential role of laws aimed at ensuring the coexistence of society in the context of technological innovations.Methods: the author used general scientific and special methods of cognition, which allowed tracing the dialectical development of humanity, social transformations and technological innovations.Results: looking back at the history of humanity, which originated on the African continent (the theory of African descent), the author notes the most important changes in the human way of life and environment, which led to the need to build organized societies and regulate social behavior with the help of legislative norms. Law is seen as part of the evolutionary process that was to emerge in the course of human evolution. The critical importance of law in overcoming the global challenges and existential questions of humanity’s continued coexistence arising in the course of evolution is emphasized. In this regard, the historical significance of the Kurukan Fuga Charter of the Malian Empire is emphasized as one of the oldest constitutions in the world, recognized internationally as an important source of legal and political norms for modern societies, regulating the structure of state power and social behaviour, although preserved largely in oral form. It is argued that social and technological change often served as the impetus for the development of new laws. Humanity has many times intervened in its own biological evolution with the help of technology; now it is an important moment from the viewpoint of law and ethics when technology may interfere in further human evolution. The greatest concern in this regard is the era of rapid development of artificial intelligence, which makes new demands on a human being.Scientific novelty: the article shows the role of the African continent in the origin and development of humanity and socio-legal institutions in the light of modern transformations and the construction of a new social reality.Practical significance: the conducted research creates prerequisites for further development of the theory of anthroposociogenesis and in-depth conceptual historical and legal study of the role of the African continent in the development of humanity and its social institutions.

Writing in the ethnic languages of Africa arose relatively recently on a historical scale, so local writers used the languages of the colonialists in their works of fiction. However, some of them did not completely break with the languages of their localities, capturing in their works the linguistic diversity characteristic of the living environment. The material of our research is the novel Allah n’est pas obligé (Allah is not obligated) by the Ivorian writer Ahmadou Kuruma, published in 2000. The literary work is considered as an example of multilingual artistic creation - French as the official language of Ivory Coast, Malinke as the author's native language and Liberian English (pidgin, originated in the territories of Liberia and Sierra Leone), common in this region. The article describes the linguistic ways of expressing the oral tradition of African storytellers, although the content of Kuruma’s work touches on topics relevant to modern Africa (the use of proverbs, repeated repetitions, literal translation of words and expressions from other languages). The main method of research is the linguistic analysis of the text. It is shown that multilingualism and the use of traditional storytelling techniques are key characteristics of the writer’s work, which contributes to the popularity of his works on the African continent.

The paper is devoted to the policy of transnational corporations in telecommunications in subSaharan Africa (SSA). The main goal of the work is to study the main competitive strategies and their importance in the activities of telecommunications TNCs in SSA countries. Methods. The work uses systemic and institutional approaches, as well as methods of complex analysis. The state and development of telecommunications markets in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as strategies and statistics of transnational corporations are analyzed. The main results of the work: the article reveals the features of the telecommunications market in sub-Saharan Africa, examines the political and competitive risks when entering the market, identifies the main strategies for the functioning of telecommunication TNCs in developed countries on the African continent, formulated the main proposals and recommendations to Russian telecommunication companies for entering this market and improving their competitiveness on it. The main conclusion. When implementing and complying with the formulated proposals and recommendations, Russian telecommunications companies will be able to acquire a large share of the telecommunications sector of the region under study. Everything is determined by the strategy.

Applications of the innovative casing while drilling (or drilling while casing) technology for accessing producing horizons of hydrocarbon deposits are analyzed. The technology uses unique drilling rigs and downhole equipment that operates as an integrated drilling system in which standard casing pipes are used to transfer mechanical and hydraulic energy to the bit. The top drive system has recently become the most popular way of drilling oil and gas wells. The top drive systems are a fundamentally new type of drilling rig mechanisms that are designed to perform a whole series of technological operations. The need for downhole operations with the traditionally used drill string is eliminated by using the lower drill string assemblies that are lowered by the cable and connected to the casing string. The casing string can be used as the entire drill string or a part thereof in various ways. Various geological conditions in which this drilling method can be used (on land, on a shelf and under permafrost conditions) are considered, and also the practical experience of applying this technology in fields that differ in climatic and geological conditions is analyzed. The results of these test applications that show the effectiveness of the technology in drilling vertical, directional and horizontal wells are examined as well.

Purpose. To show how the Dogon minority language is preserved in a traditional African family in the multilingual environment of the capital of Mali, Bamako. Methodology. The study used sociolinguistic methods of conducting a survey questioning the respondents, who were members of the same Dogon family, consisting of 13 people, as well as an included interview with a written record of the interviewing process. Further, a survey of residents of Bamako was conducted, involving 94 people of the Dogon ethnicity aged from 18 to 45 years. Results. The family members are in a constant contact with the three languages: Dogon, the language of cultural identity which they defend; Bamana, the lingua franca of the capital which dominates in their environment and serves for social integration; French, as the official language with the role of an intermediary. Thus, informants specifically choose one or another language depending on the communication situation.Research implications. The study is of practical importance for the development of a competent language policy of Mali in relation to the languages of ethnic minorities. It makes a certain contribution to the typology of language situations in a multilingual state.

The aim of thy article is to share a part of the results of our research dealing with the analyzing of the factors of academic performance of pupils in two types of secondary school: public (Torokorobougou B, commune VI, Bamako) and communal (Katiorni of Kadiolo, Sikasso region). We have asked to ourselves the following questions: what are the factors of the academic performance of the pupils of this schools in the eyes of educational staff? In order to answer these questions we analyzed their attitudes towards the role of external and internal facts in academic pupil success. As a result we descripted the role of some objective (type of school, class and type of teacher) and subjective factors (pupil’s attitude to school and self-esteem) in academic success. Interviews were used in the study. The sample consists of 444 people, including 112 secondary school teachers, 56 administrators (school directors and education advisors) and 276 pupils.