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Background. The problem of this work is to develop a methodology for calculating cash throughput, which is based on the well-known formulas for calculating cash throughput, the main innovation of which is to take into account the time spent by trains on acceleration and deceleration en route. Currently, in the process of calculating the available capacity, a formal approach is used to determine the removal coefficients, and the site speed is also taken into account, calculated taking into account acceleration and deceleration, but representing only the ratio of the length of a certain section of the railway polygon to the time of the train following it. Materials and/or methods: simulation modeling, economic and mathematical modeling, AnyLogic software package, methods of general systems theory, logistics. Results. An analytical formula is proposed that allows calculating the available throughput with higher accuracy. The results of the study can be used in the dispatch centers of transportation management of JSC “Russian Railways” in order to more fully analyze the operation of the landfill of the road, railway lines or individual sections in order to more fully analyze the work performed on transportation. Conclusion. The article develops a methodology for calculating the available capacity on a railway line with full consideration of the effect of acceleration and braking of trains on their way to the resulting available capacity.

The industry standards for the consumption of material resources currently in force in road transport are advisory in nature and are used by carriers in their current work for production planning. Industry standards, regulated, for example, by order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 158 dated May 30, 2019, establish resource consumption on an average for all road carriers of the Russian Federation. Taking into account the individual operating conditions of the rolling stock and the organization of the transport process is possible only by a correction factor to the fuel consumption rate, the calculation method of which is not regulated. The result is low convergence of planned and actual traffic figures. An effective solution to this problem is the use of resource consumption rates calculated on the basis of statistical data on the consumption of material resources obtained using the means of objective control and data storage of ERP systems. This will make it possible to fully take into account the complex of significant factors that determine the volume of consumption of material resources, reduce the amount of inventory, increase the turnover of funds, and increase the accuracy of rationing and pricing processes for any trucking company. However, the substantiation of such resource consumption norms requires an assessment of the influence of significant factors, the establishment of a relationship between them and the development of a mathematical apparatus for normalization. Therefore, the purpose of this study, which is to increase the efficiency of passenger transportation by buses based on ensuring the reliability of material resource consumption rates, taking into account individual operating conditions, is aimed at solving an urgent scientific and practical problem. Theoretical studies are carried out on the basis of the analysis of scientific and regulatory and technical literature, the legal framework, systemic, statistical, factorial and technical and economic analysis, economic and mathematical modeling of the transport process, and expert evaluation. Experimental studies were carried out in the conditions of operating passenger transport enterprises using the methods of mathematical statistics, computer modeling, field observations. The main results of scientific novelty are: a set of qualitative characteristics and quantitative indicators of factors that determine the consumption of material resources in the operation of the bus fleet; mathematical models for calculating the consumption rates of fuels and lubricants, spare parts and car tires, as well as the corresponding standard operating costs; dependence of indicators of operating consumption of diesel fuel, resource mileage of automobile tires on the magnitude of significant factors established for domestically produced buses of various capacities. Further research is supposed to be carried out in the direction of the development of resource saving methods in the motor transport complex.

Relevance. A significant lag in the pace of development of the road network in the cities from the rate of motorization causes an increase in the problem of bandwidth exhaustion. The presence of this problem indicates the need to study ways to overcome it. One of these areas is the improvement of the structure of motor traffic flows. The theoretical and methodological approach is based on the statement that, in the case of passenger road transport, the street-road network is intended not so much for moving cars on it, as for moving passengers on it using cars. A car with this approach performs an intermediate function. In this paper, the provisions of the theory of passenger road transport, the theory of transport processes and systems, mathematical statistics, field studies. The object of study – the process of transporting passengers by road. The subject of the study - the laws of passenger transport by road. The goal is to increase the capacity of the road network based on managing the structure of passenger vehicles in traffic. The results of the study found that due to the increased activity of the use of the population of the urban passenger road transport, the workload of the road network and the time t of the movement of vehicles along the section are reduced. The results of the study can be used by motor transport enterprises and passenger transportation authorities in the development of measures to improve transport services for the population, and the organization of passenger traffic on regular transport routes.

General data on the network of Ukrainian highways are presented. The analysis of design methods of highway reconstruction based on the theory of traffic flows and economic calculations of its repay time is made. The relationship between traffic intensity and speed is shown by considering the theory of traffic flows. The methods, taking into account the principle of effectiveness of highway reconstruction based on its repay time, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]