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One of the main goals of jewelry is to give the product an aesthetic and artistic look. This can be achieved by changing its color. The promising methods of precious metal coloration is a one-step laser method of forming nanostructures with plasmonic properties. However, the lack of understanding of the mechanism of formation of color coatings remains an unresolved problem today. Surface structures are usually considered as a set of individual spherical nanoparticles. But to fully understand the physicochemical processes taking place, it is necessary to consider nanoparticles in aggregate as agglomerates of these nanoparticles on the surface. The silver samples of 99.99 % purity were selected for the study. Laser exposure was carried out in air using a system based on an ytterbium fiber laser with nanosecond pulse duration. The silver surface was processed by line-by-line scanning along one and two axes with a focused laser beam with the diameter d0 = 50 μm. Optical and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the silver surface before and after laser treatment. In this work, the effect of some laser exposure parameters, such as laser pulse energy and pulse repetition rate, on the optical properties of silver surface were investigated. The focus of this work is on generated laser-modified surface nanostructures and the character of their change when going from single axis scanning to line scanning. It is shown that surface topography changes are also observed in the region outside the immediate treatment zone. The uneven distribution of nanostructural elements on the surface of the treated area is registered, which causes the irregularity of the observed surface color at the microlevel. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, a hypothesis of nanostructure formation is proposed. Under laser exposure, individual spherical-shaped nanoparticles are initially formed on the silver surface. Then with increasing temperature their concentration increases significantly. This leads to their adhesion and formation of irregularly shaped clusters of agglomerated nanoparticles. The obtained new data on the process of formation of surface nanostructures allow us to expand the understanding of the ongoing processes, as well as to approach the integration of the method of direct laser coloring of silver in the jewelry industry.

The article presents the results of a study of the elemental composition, surface morphology, optical and electronic properties of Mg2Si thin films formed on Si (111). Both samples containing films were formed in layers by the method of reactive epitaxy, but at different heating temperatures of the substrates. The formed films consisting of alternating layers of Mg and Si at a ratio of 3:1, according to electron Auger spectroscopy, contain Mg and Si atoms in the associated layers. The Raman light scattering method established the presence of peaks on the graphs of samples at a shift of 258 and 348cm-1 belonging to Mg2Si. Infrared spectroscopy data also indicate the presence of magnesium silicide in the films. The thickness of Mg2Si films was estimated from the data of the known dependence of the amplitude of absorption peaks at 272 cm-1 on the absorption coefficient, which gave the values of the thicknesses of the grown films. Based on the results of the study of samples in the infrared-ultraviolet range and on the basis of geometric calculations, the width of the Mg2Si band gap was determined.

It is shown by physical methods that the preliminary preparation of samples affects the structure and properties of graphite oxide and partially reduced graphite oxide. The graphite oxide drying technique as the last synthesis stage determines its morphology and structural properties. At drying by sublimation method, the state of graphite oxide in aqueous suspension before the beginning of the process of self-ordering of its sheets is fixed, the data of X-ray diffraction analysis testifies its X-ray amorphous state, the dried graphite oxide appearance is a light yellow powder. Drying of graphite oxide aqueous suspensions at temperatures above room temperature is accompanied by the ordering of the graphite oxide structure under the action of the surface tension and Van der Waals forces with the dark brown film formation. It is shown by scanning and transmission microscopy methods that the method of separation of partially reduced graphite oxide from glass substrates, on which the product is dried, can lead to the formation of wrinkled or roll-shaped structures. When graphite oxide is examined by transmission electron microscopy, even a short exposure to ultrasound (used in the conventional method of depositing the material on a copper grid prior to examination) results in wrinkling and partial curling of the edges of graphite oxide nanoparticles. Mechanical grinding of graphite oxide leads to disordered graphite oxide structure and to the interplanar spacing increase.

The features of the formation of morphology of thin aluminosilicate films obtained electrochemically on an aluminum substrate from aqueous solutions of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide have been systematically studied by atomic force microscopy. The effect of stress on the shape and characteristic dimensions of the surface elements of aluminosilicate films is shown. Films synthesized at a lower voltage (8 V) are characterized by an amorphous surface consisting of globules whose size ranges from 500 nm to 2,5 microns, for samples obtained at a higher voltage (more than 16 V), parallelepipeds with linear dimensions of 150-250 nm act as are found to be structural elements. It is established that at the first stage of synthesis, the surface of the aluminum anode is etched, and the resulting cells act as pores in which the aluminosilicate phase is formed. An assumption is made about the formation of films along the path of autocatalytic nucleation and about a direct dependence of the rate of formation of the crystalline phase on the voltage at which the synthesis is carried out.

An effective way to protect valve metals and their alloys is the micro-arc oxidation method (MAO), which is currently used in various industries. However, to achieve the desired characteristics and properties of oxide coatings, a large number of experiments are required to determine an optimal oxidation mode, which makes the MAO method labor-intensive and resource-consuming. One of the ways to solve this problem is the search for an informative parameter or several parameters, the use of which during the oxidation process monitoring allows identifying a relationship between the MAO modes and the specified characteristics of oxide coatings. This paper studies the influence of the specified technological MAO modes (current density, oxidation time, amplitude of acoustic emission (AE) signals recorded during MAO) on the morphology and parameters of oxide coatings (thickness δ and surface roughness Ra) deposited on the D16AT aluminum alloy clad with pure aluminum. Multivariate planning of an experiment and the performed regression analysis allowed establishing a relationship between two oxidation factors (current density and oxidation time) and the parameters of the produced coatings. The authors proposed an additional factor, which is determined in the monitoring mode during the oxidation process as the time from the moment when the maximum or minimum of the acoustic emission (AE) amplitude recorded in the MAO process is reached until the end of the oxidation process. The study established that the introduction of an additional factor allows increasing significantly the reliability of the dependence between the coating parameters obtained experimentally and by the computational method based on the regression analysis. The authors note that when performing MAO, with the additional use of the MAO process monitoring by recording the AE amplitude, it is possible to achieve a high reliability between the calculated and actual values of the parameters of oxide coatings.

This work is devoted to the problem of developing technological operations aimed at improving the structure and properties and, as a result expanding the scope of metalcutting inserts from tungsten-free hard alloys. The search for alternative analogues of traditional tungsten-cobalt hard alloys is an urgent task of modern materials science, due to the high cost and shortage of their components. In this paper, we study the effect of a continius ion beam on the change in the morphology, mechanical properties, and performance characteristics of metal-cutting inserts made of tungsten-free hard alloy grade KNT16 (TiCN-NiMo). It has been found that the effect of continuous ion beams leads to a significant change in the wear resistance of cutting plates during turning operations on mediumcarbon steel 40KhN. A rational composition of the ion beam has been established, in which the cutting plate is subjected to the least wear after completion of the test cycle. Using the methods of scanning electron microscopy and scanning probe microscopy, a study of the microrelief and morphology of the surface of the samples is carried out.

Background. To decompose water, electrocatalysts based on expensive Pt, Ir are used. However, there is an alternative - catalysts from compounds of d-elements: Fe, Co, Ni, Cu. Purpose. Study of structural morphology features of Ni-Co-P bimetallic phosphide.. Methodology. The synthesis of Ni-Co-P was carried out by a one-stage hydrothermal method, in air. The structure of the sample was studied by electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. Originality. It was revealed that the synthesized Ni-Co-P has a pronounced crystal structure of the compounds Ni2P4O12 (59%), NiP2O7 (37%) and NiCoP (4%). Findings. The synthesis of Ni-Co-P was carried out. The phase composition, morphology of the surface and crystal structure, the nature of the distribution of elements over the volume of Ni-Co-P bimetallic phosphide were studied by physicochemical methods of analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of ion–beam treatment with a high–power ion beam (HPIB) on the change in topography, morphology, chemical composition and corrosion resistance of the surface layers of a tungsten–free hard alloy of the «TiC–NiTi» system. The samples are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X–ray analysis, scanning probe microscopy, and metallographic analysis. It is revealed that due to the impact of HPIB, the surface layer of the sample undergoes melting with the formation of extended microcracks. At the same time, a decrease in the oxygen concentration from 24,6 to 13,7 at. % is recorded in the surface layer of the sample, and at some points on the sample it is completely absent. This result indicates the dissociation of titanium oxide under the influence of temperatures arising during HPIB irradiation. It is most likely that it is the thermal dissociation of titanium oxide and melting of the sample surface that are the main reasons for the increase in the corrosion resistance of the «TiC–NiTi» system alloy.

The atomic force microscopy was used to obtain images of the nanostructure of components of a heterogeneous intermetallic SmCoCuFeZr compound in a highly coercive state. At the microlevel, two types of regions were distinguished in the alloys, differing in integral elemental composition and coercivity intervals. Based on the atomic force microscopy data, an analysis of the fractal characteristics of the surface is carried out on both of the above types of areas. It is shown that the fractal dimension of the nanostructure correlates with the local coercivity of the phase components. The phase component with a relatively low coercivity demonstrates the possibility of the existence of structures with fractal dimensions in the 2,396-2,475 range corresponding to a moderately developed fractal relief. In this case, the high-coercive component with a regular nanostructure is characterized by a higher fractal dimension of 2,452-2,508, and in some areas of the sample there were regions with a fractal dimension up to the value of 2,577.

One of the ways to obtain membranes with electroconvection as the dominant mechanism of ion transport is to optimise the surface of known brands of commercial heterogeneous membranes by changing their manufacturing technology. For example, the degree of dispersion of the ion-exchanger or the volume ratio of the ion-exchanger to inert binder can be changed. The aim of this study was to determine and theoretically analyse the fundamental correlations between the intensity of electroconvection and the surface morphology of ion-exchange membranes with different ion-exchanger particle content. Тhe article presents a mathematical model of ion transport across the ion-exchange membrane/solution interface in the channel of an electrodialysis cell. The phenomenon of electroconvection in electromembrane systems (EMS) was modelled by solving two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible liquid with no-slip boundary conditions and a set distribution of the electric body force. The body force distribution was set taking into account the real size of ionexchanger particles and the distance between them that determine the electrical heterogeneity of the surface of experimental ion-exchange membranes with different mass fractions of ion-exchange resin. It was determined that in the numerical modelling, the most important parameters were the size of the sections of electrical heterogeneity of the membrane surface, the current density, and the length of the space charge region (SCR). Numerical calculations were presented to determine the vortex size depending on the current density and the degree of electrical heterogeneity of the membrane surface. It was shown that an increase in the mass fraction of ion-exchange resin in the production of heterogeneous sulphocationexchange membranes resulted in a decrease in the step of electrical surface heterogeneity and promoted the formation of electroconvective vortices interacting with each other. Within the boundary conditions and approximations of the mathematical model, the vortex sizes reach their maximum value in the middle of the heterogeneity section L0.

We present the results of the study of the structure and surface morphology of InxGa1–xAs thin films on a GaAs substrate. Thin films were obtained by magnetron sputtering from a specially formed In0.45Ga0.55As target in an argon atmosphere. The obtained samples of thin films were studied by Raman scattering, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It was shown that the grains of the films obtained at a substrate temperature below 600 °C were not faceted and were formed through the coalescence of grains with a size of 30–65 nm. At a substrate temperature of 600 °C, films consisted of submicron grains with a visible faceting. It was determined that the average grain size increased and the root-mean-square roughness of thin films decreased due to an increase in the substrate temperature. Thin films obtained at a substrate temperature of 600 °C possessed the best structural properties

The formation of oxide functional films on the surface of semiconductors is a serious technological challenge, which is even more complicated in the nanometre thickness range. It is necessary to form films with specified values of thickness, resistivity, and a certain surface morphology for practical applications. Such films are used in micro- and optoelectronics, environmental monitoring, and alternative energy devices. The goal of this work is to establish the features of the surface morphology of thin films formed as a result of the thermal oxidation of the MnO2/GaAs, V2O5/GaAs, V2O5/InP, MnO2/InP, TiO2/InP, and SnO2/InP heterostructures depending on the physicochemical nature of the components and the oxidation conditions. The synthesis of thin films on the InP and GaAs surfaces was carried out by thermal oxidation under the influence of magnetron-deposited layers of chemostimulator-modifiers. The thickness of the formed films and their composition were determined by laser ellipsometry, X-ray phase analysis, and infra-red spectroscopy. The scanning tunnel and atomic force microscopy were used to determine the morphological characteristics of the films and their dependence on the type of semiconductor substrate, the nature of the chemostimulator-modifier, and the conditions of the thermal oxidation. The application to the GaАs and InP surfaces of the most effective chemostimulator-modifiers (V2O5 and MnO2) of thermal oxidation and higher temperatures of the oxidation process contributed to the formation of smoother and nanostructured films.

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) are prominent alternative devices to conventional p-n junction silicon based solar cells because of their low fabrication cost and high power conversion efficiency, good cost/efficiency ratio. In the present work, DSSC devices were made-up with fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate, a TiO2 compact layer was deposited on FTO, Ruthenium(II) dye (N719), an iodide - triiodide electrolyte and a platinum (Pt) counter electrode. Photo anode with thin film layers of TiO2 and Pt counter electrode (photo-cathode) were prepared. Field emission electron microscope (FESEM) was employed to investigate the surface morphology of TiO2 layers. The DSSC device efficiency was evaluated by J-V characteristics. Fabricated devices were exhibited high power conversion efficiencies. The electrochemical impedance characteristics were analyzed by fitting the experimental results to the corresponding electrical equivalent circuit simulated data.

The formation of chromium disilicide layers on n-type single crystal silicon substrates (111) during rapid thermal annealing in heat balance mode by the methods of Rutherford backscattering, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy of cross sections was investigated. Chromium films of about 30 nm thickness were deposited by magnetron sputtering of a chromium target with argon ions onto silicon substrates at room temperature. The rapid thermal treatment was carried out in a temperature range of 200 to 550 °C in a heat balance mode by irradiating the substrates backside with a non-coherent light flux of quartz halogen lamps in a nitrogen ambient for 7 s. It was established that hexagonal phase of chromium disilicide formation with grain size of 150–300 nm occurs in a threshold manner when the temperature of rapid thermal treatment exceeds 400 °C. At the same time, there are strong changes in the films surface morphology and surface roughness, and a silicide-silicon interface occur. In this case the wavy film surface morphology practically repeats silicide-silicon interface morphology (the surface exactly replicates the interface). The mechanism of CrSi2/Si interface structure roughness formation based on consideration of Kirkendall effect and deformation-stimulated diffusion of vacancies is proposed and discussed. The research results of the structure and morphology of CrSi2 layers on silicon are well-correlated with the results of the Schottky barrier electrophysical measurements. The results obtained can be used in microelectronics for forming rectifying contacts and interconnects metallization for integrated circuits, as well as for thermoelectric and optoelectronic applications.

The paper presents methods for improving the quality of SEM images of the surface of nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide. The algorithm of the pore size determination using ImageJ software was described. The proposed algorithm is based on the analysis of large data arrays taken from the limited surface areas. The distribution of pore diameter depending on their quantity is presented. The parameters of surface morphology of nanoporous anodic alumina films obtained in the present study agree with literature data.

Abstract. The narrow band gap lead chalcogenide semiconductors and related solid solutions are capable to detect effectively an infrared (IR) radiation in the wavelength range 3–25 μm. Due to the unique combination of the optimal dielectric permittivity, Seebeck coeffi cient, and high thermal conductivity, lead telluride is promising material for manufacturing of high-performance intermediate-temperature thermoelectric devices. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), X-ray analysis (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) the quantitative elemental composition, phase nature, surface morphology, and average surface roughness of homogeneous lead telluride fi lms synthesized by modifi ed «hot wall» technique on Si (100) substrates have been studied. The XRD patterns have shown that at condition of high condensation process rate, which was realized at substrate temperatures below T = 573 K and corresponded to the maximum deviation from the thermodynamic equilibrium, polycrystalline PdTe fi lms on Si (100) substrates were synthesized only. The increase in temperature Si (100) substrate to T = 593-613 K has led to fabrication of mosaic single-crystal PdTe fi lms with (100) texture. By SEM and AFM methods it has been found that under constant values of lead and tellurium vapour pressure synthesis an increase in the Si substrate temperature led to increase in crystallite average lateral dimension of PbTe fi lm on Si (100) substrates. By AFM method it has established the tendency of the average surface roughness value increasing with average thickness for both polycrystalline and mosaic single crystal PbTe/Si (100) fi lms. At the same average thickness values polycrystalline PbTe/Si (100) fi lms are characterized by higher surface roughness compared to mosaic single-crystal PbTe (100) samples. It is suggested that of average surface roughness-to-fi lm thickness ratio it can be used as a criterion of evaluation of surface contribution to functional properties of PbTe fi lms. It has been shown that with optimum values of average roughness-to-thickness ratio mosaic single-crystal PdTe (100) fi lms with thickness over 1.2 μm are characterized.

Copyright of Metallophysics & Advanced Technologies / Metallofizika i Novejsie Tehnologii is the property of G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics, N.A.S.U and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Processing of Materials / Elektronnaya Obrabotka Materialov is the property of Institute of Applied Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electrometallurgy Today / Sovremennaya Elektrometallurgiya is the property of International Association Welding (Paton Publishing House) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Processing of Materials / Elektronnaya Obrabotka Materialov is the property of Institute of Applied Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective was to conduct a study of the surface morphology and a chemical composition analysis of the powder of different fractional composition of a heat-resistant Ni-Co-Cr-AlTi-W-Mo-Nb alloy, and to define the patterns of change in the quantitative parameters of the structure of samples obtained by selective laser melting (SLM) method with different parameters of power, laser speed, and a type of hatching (staggered, island diagonal, and solid diagonal).To study the surface morphology of the microstructure was used optical, laser-confocal and scanning electron microscopy. The elemental and local phase composition was performed by X-ray and miсro-X-ray spectrum analysis.The initial powder morphology study has found that the powder granules have a generally spherical shape, and the number of structural defects increases with increasing granule size. The microstructure of all granules has a dendritic structure. The superficial defects have a form of satellites, shapeless shield, round gas pores, and pores located in the inter-dendritic regions because of the shrinkage process.The study of the microstructure of the samples has been defined that dimensions of the structural components, pores, and micro-cracks depend on the parameters of the SLM process. With raising laser power within 160 - 190 W there is an increase in a fraction of pores and their average diameter. With further increase in laser power the volume fraction of pores is slightly reduced while their average size is, essentially, unchanged.It has been found that at the constant laser power and variable scanning speed the volume fraction of pores depends on the type of hatching. For staggered and solid diagonal hatching, at the constant laser power of 180 W with increasing scanning speed the volume fraction, at first, falls and then again grows, and for island diagonal hatching remains unchanged.When changing the laser power values within a range from 160 to 170 W for samples with staggered type of hatching the volume fraction of cracks decreases. For other samples, this range is from 160 to 180 W. With increasing laser power to 190 W the volume fraction of cracks gets growing. With further increase of the laser power to 200 W the volume fraction of cracks is unchanged for the solid diagonal hatching and is decreased for the staggered one. There were no cracks found in the sample obtained by the diagonal hatching. It has been found that at a constant laser power of 180 W the volume fraction of cracks gets decreasing with increasing scanning speed.

SummaryEvolution of the Bilchenok surging glacier in Kluchevskaya group of volcanoes,Kamchatka, from the end of XIX century to now is presented. After retreat in the beginning of XX century, the glacier became more active and advanced in the late forties. The powerful surge of the glacier has occurred in 1959/60 when its terminus has promoted on2 kmand has gone down to height of 615–630 m in birch forest. During the next glacier advance (1982–1984), glaciological and volcanological researches were done on its tongue. Scale of this advance were less considerable, than the surge of 1959, and the volume of transferred ice was as great as about 35–40 million t., that is 3.5 times less than at the previous one. During the advance of Bilchenok Glacier in 1980–1983, seismic activity near Ushkovsky volcano was marked. We can assume that advance and character of its development are appreciably connected with strengthening of seismic activity, and with the raised thermal stream in caldera of the Ushkovsky volcano, influencing temperature and rheological properties of ice. The large surge of Bilchenok Glacier in 1959–1960 was preceded by a smaller advance, which has led to increase in constraining «stopper» in a trailer part of the glacier and to additional pressure on an overlying site up to a sole of icefall. Nowadays the glacier advances again.

Higher yields, intensification of harvesting due to the application of new combine harvesters, which enables to expand the range of moisture content of the harvested grain mass, lead to the increase in the rate of grain heap entering the threshing area and to the accumulation of large grain mass in the open area under unregulated conditions. More than half of grain coming from the fields in the Altai territory requires drying; humidity often reaches 25-30%. Moreover, the grain producers themselves have to deal directly with the post-harvest handling and storage who practically do not have grain drying and cleaning equipment and the required number of granaries. Grain storage at the farms requires considerable financial expenses; therefore, not all manufacturers can comply with the necessary technology of grain receiving and processing. The aim of our research is to study the technological properties of wet and crude buckwheat that was stored for a long time before processing into cereals. The study of mechanical properties shows that when the humidity of buckwheat kernel increases by 1.3 times, its deformation increases by 2.2 times. Moreover, after unloading a partial recovery of the samples takes place, then the deformation difference is 2.6 times. It has been found that the increase in buckwheat humidity is associated with loosening of its structure, which leads to changes in its structural, mechanical and as a consequence technological properties. When changing humidity of grain by 4.6%, the grain density decreases by 1.0%. The studies conducted show that humidity greatly affects structural, mechanical and technological properties of buckwheat. To reduce production costs when processing wet and crude buckwheat it is appropriate to use short scheme processing technologies.

It is suggested to use steel shot with the structure of tempered martensite for smelt modifying in the capacity of carriermodifier. It was applied barrier nickel layer and then wolfram nano-coating (over 200 nm) along with protective cobalt layer, which prevents interreaction of oxygen with wolfram surface. Introduction of the modifier creates subcooling zone. When it interreacts with smelt the process of active mixing of the modifier with the smelt takes place. Subsequent crystallization carries involving large number of crystallization centers, which leads to reduction in the structure graininess and velocity and plasticity increase by 2–3 times.

The technology for obtaining of porous powder materials with frame structure on the basis of spherical particles of titanium powder, using application of technological coatings of Тi (Si+Мо), (Si+С) or (W+С) was developed. Formation of the powder with the coating was conducted in molding die under the pressure below the flow limit (under 200 MPa). Reaction sintering in a vacuum furnace was carried out at the temperature of 900 оС with the exposure within 1 hour, which allowed receiving penetration factor over 39·10–13 m2 with the formation of powder porous materials with isotropic structure and increased properties.

Ge thin films condensation in vacuum onto semiinsulating GaAs(100) substrates was investigated. The methods of atomic-force microscopy, optical spectroscopy, measurement of intrinsic mechanical stresses in film, and electronic properties were used for this investigation. It was found that it is possible to obtain thin nanoheterogeneous monocrystalline dislocation-free films with low intrinsic mechanical stresses and two-dimension percolation-type conductivity, as well as high temperature sensitivity that can be used for IR and electronics technologies.

Copyright of Nanosistemi, Nanomateriali, Nanotehnologii is the property of G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics, N.A.S.U and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There was investigated С60 fullerenes condensation in vacuum on unheated Si, GaAs, isinglass stone substrates. There were used atomic-force microscopy, Raman scattering and measurement of mechanical stresses in films. It is established that the С60 molecule can decay on the substrates with the formation of other carbon structures in the condensate without supplementary physical effects on the sublimated beam in «evaporator — substrate» space. The possibility was found to increase the grain size and reduce the mechanical stresses in the condensate.

The qualitative investigation of the morphology of (Ti-Hf-Zr-V-Nb) N nitride coatings depending on the bias potential of the substrate was performed. The two-dimensional multifractal fluctuation analysis was used for the quantitative analysis of the changes in microscopic irregularities. The calculation of statistical parameters (generalized Hurst exponent and multifractal spectrum) indicates compliance with theoretical calculations and experimental studies, namely, smoothing of the coating surface with the increasing ion energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]