143 results on '"RADAR"'
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2. VALIDATION OF REMOTE MEASUREMENT OF RAIN CHARACTERISTICS BY THE METHOD OF DOUBLE FREQUENCY RADAR SENSING
- Author
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А. М. Linkova, A. A. Mogyla, H. O. Rudnev, V. M. Kantsedal, and S. I. Khomenko
- Subjects
inverse problem ,double frequency sensing ,rain intensity ,radar ,raingauge ,Astronomy ,QB1-991 - Abstract
Subject and Purpose. The development of radar methods for measuring liquid-drop precipitation characteristics is of great importance for studying physical processes in the atmosphere and for lots of applied problems to be solved. At the same time, an experimental research of these methods in situ is essential to determine their frames and scope and estimate retrieval errors of the rain parameters. The purpose of the work is to evaluate effectiveness of the previously proposed method that is based on the parametrization of the distribution function of drops by size, uses averaged touch-probing data of the three-parameter gamma distribution of the parameters versus the rain intensity, and employs the double-frequency method of precipitation remote sensing. For its validation, the rain intensity results obtained by the radar sensing are compared with the data taken from the ground raingauge. Methods and Methodology. The measurement results gained by the proposed method are compared with the measurement results obtained by the standard technique. Results. An experimental study using the previously developed algorithm and with a refined double-frequency weather radar MRL-1 has been given to the double-frequency sensing of liquid-drop precipitation. The obtained results show that the proposed data processing algorithm for double-frequency sensing of liquid-drop precipitation is good at the rain intensity retrieval and makes it possible to estimate liquid precipitation amounts over long periods of time. Conclusion. The rain intensity measured with the use of meteo radar almost completely coincides, both qualitatively and quantitatively, with the data from the ground raingauge. The algorithm proposed by the authors for processing double-frequency radar sensing data on liquid-drop precipitation retrieves the rain intensity and, also, evaluates liquid-drop precipitation amounts.
- Published
- 2022
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3. Photonics-based modular multistate digital coherent system
- Author
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I. V. Unchenko and A. A. Emelyanov
- Subjects
digital antenna arrays ,radar ,active phased antenna array ,laser ,photodiode ,digital-to-analog converter ,analog-to-digital converter ,digital beamforming ,Information theory ,Q350-390 - Abstract
Objectives. The study aimed to develop interspecies and interclass methods for constructing coherent radio engineering systems based on a modular complementary structure.Methods. A set of modules and submodules having no narrow specialization and together constituting a flexible broadband hardware-reconfigurable software-defined radio engineering structure is considered as the basic set for constructing a digital radio photonic system path. Due to their broadbandness and complementary structure, modules and submodules have many applications both as self-sustained devices and as part of more complex systems.Results. Functional diagrams of modern digital receiver-shapers, as well as modules for amplifying radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals into an optical signal are presented along with a radio photonic synchronization network for generating clock signals. Calculations of the introduced phase error of a quartz singlemode fiber and graphs of the dependence of the change in the signal phase on external influencing factors are given. A concept for integrating the presented modules into the construction of a modular transceiver multiposition wideband coherent digital radio photonic system is proposed. The results of calculating radiation patterns and mathematical modeling the beam deflection of a broadband antenna array are presented along with antenna systems based thereon.Conclusions. The proposed circuit design solutions allow the time required for developing new types of systems to be significantly reduced due to the range of ready-made technical solutions. Not only are the parameters of the developed devices comparable to the best world analogues, but they also surpass existing solutions in terms of system integration. The developments have been tested under R&D project at the Kaluga Scientific Research Institute of Radio Technology and Hardware Solution Technologies (TAR). The proposed solutions are integrated at the subsystem level into advanced developments of products for civil and special purpose. Further development of the concept of building ultra-wideband devices allows reaching a new level in the technology of constructing modular multiposition coherent digital radio photonic systems.
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- 2022
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4. Topological texture-fractal processing of signals and fields in radiophysics, radio engineering and radiolocation: developed methods and technologies (1979 – 2022) - fractal engineering
- Author
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Александр Алексеевич Потапов, Проф.
- Subjects
Texture ,fractal ,scaling ,signature ,target detection and recognition ,radar ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 - Abstract
The report discusses the main directions of the introduction of textures, fractals, fractional operators, dynamic chaos and methods of nonlinear dynamics to create new information (breakthrough) technologies. The research is carried out in the fundamental scientific direction "Fractal radio physics and fractal radio electronics: design of fractal radio systems", initiated and developed by the author in V. A. Kotel’nikov IREE RAS from 1979 to the present. The relevance of these studies is related to the need for a more accurate description of all real processes occurring in radio physical and radio engineering systems: taking into account the hereditarity (memory), non-Gaussianity and scaling of physical signals and fields. The use of fractal systems, sensors and nodes is a fundamentally new solution that significantly changes the principles of building intelligent radio engineering systems and devices. The performed studies are priority ones in the world and serve as a basis for further development and justification of the practical application of fractal-scaling and texture methods in the synthesis of fundamentally new topological texture-fractal methods for detecting signals in the space-time channel of waves propagation with scattering (a new type of radar). The concepts of fractal engineering are introduced for the first time.
- Published
- 2023
5. Additional radar signature for waterborne object recognition
- Author
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V.M. Gorobets’, M.I. Golovko, S.M. Zotov, and L.O. Kovorotny
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keel vibration ,radar ,recognition ,side vibration ,waterborne object ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Subject and Purpose. The article is devoted to the radio recognition of moving waterborne objects (sea-going ships). The problem lies in the lack of radar signatures, which is especially true for coherent radar in continuous mode, implying that more signatures for the waterborne object recognition is highly needed. An additional signature can be gained just by means of a simple mathematical processing of target reflection signals. This is particularly important for radio recognition systems in current use because this will hardly complicate the system structure. Hence, it will not affect its cost either. Methods and Methodology. The method developed for the retrieval of an additional radar signature characteristic of waterborne objects moving across a rough sea surface is based on a simple mathematical processing of a signal reflected from the moving waterborne object and taken from the phase output of coherent radar. The method approbation is by the mathematical modeling of signals at the phase detector output in the event of three waterborne objects such that have identical scattering cross sections but different periods of the side and keel vibrations. Results. Based on the mathematical modeling results, it has been shown that each of the local scattering centers keeps the ratio of the linear speeds of side and keel vibrations approximately the same for the same object. But the employed ratio takes different values for different objects. Conclusion. Having a single standard coherent radar in continuous mode and guided by the developed methodology, one can gain an additional signature for the target recognition, which is a ratio of the linear speeds of side and keel vibrations of the target. The suggested methodology can be used for the radio recognition of waterborne objects moving across a rough sea surface.
- Published
- 2021
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6. Optimal nonlinear fi ltering of stochastic processes in rescue radar
- Author
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O.V. Sytnik
- Subjects
algorithm ,conditional markov processes ,digital signal processing ,doppler shift ,mean square error criterion ,noise ,optimal filter ,radar ,sampling frequency ,sounding signals ,spectral function ,stochastic process ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Subject and Purpose. Smoke, fog, avalanches, debris of collapsed structures and other optically opaque obstacles in both natural and man-made disasters make optical sensors useless for detecting victims. Electromagnetic waves of the decimeter range penetrate well almost all obstacles, reflect from the trapped people and return to the radar receiver. Due to the breathing and heartbeat, the human-reflected sounding signals get the Doppler phase modulation, which is an information signal. These information signals and their properties provide the subject matter for the present research with the aim to create optimal methods and algorithms of random event processing for the prompt location of survivors by rescuers. Method and Methodology. The method of stochastic analysis of the fluctuation Doppler spectra of reflected sounding signals shows that the information signals have properties of conditional Markov processes. Results. The problem of optimal nonlinear filtering of conditional Markov processes entering the radar signal processing unit has been examined closely. An optimal adaptive filter has been proposed to reduce the masking effect of interferences caused by non-stationary noises and sounding signal reflections from stationary objects. The optimality criterion is the minimum mean square error function whose current value is evaluated in real time during the filtering process as the statistics is accumulated. The filter coefficients are calculated by the recurrent, steepest descent algorithm. The real-time work is carried out through the use of fast Fourier transform algorithms. Conclusion. The structure of the optimal adaptive filter to be built into the radar signal processing unit has been developed. Real radar signals have shown that the optimal filtering during the signal processing in systems designed for detecting live people by their breathing and heartbeat facilitates the interpretation of the observed signals. Some spectra of real signals generated by human breathing and heartbeat are presented.
- Published
- 2021
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7. A study of microwave over-sea propagation with high-potential x-band doppler radar
- Author
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V.M. Gorobets’, V.B. Sinits’kiy, and S.І. Khomenko
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attenuation ,beyond-the-horizon propagation ,doppler racon ,radar ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Subject and Purpose. The paper is devoted to the microwave propagation over the sea in the nearshore region. Emphasis is on microwave attenuation measurements in the semi-shade and deep-shade areas with a view to study conditions of the microwave propagation on a beyond-the-horizon path in the nearshore area using a radar method. Methods and Methodology. A radar technique, developed and tested, provides measuring a microwave attenuation coefficient along a 60 km long beyond-the-horizon path in the tropospheric surface layer. High-grade radar and Doppler radar beacons (racons) are employed. Of interest are experimentally obtained temporal dependences of signals from racons situated at different heights and, also, spatial field distribution curves from a steadily moving racon running a height 1 to 27 m for 25 minutes. Results. A prototype of high-grade X-band coherent continuous-wave (Doppler) radar has been designed and fabricated. A radar technique has been developed and tested for the analysis of microwave beyond-the-horizon propagation conditions in the shadow region, which involves continuous-wave (Doppler) radar and Doppler racons with a radar cross section (RCS) of about 60 m2. Conclusions. The technique proposed enables reliable tracking of racon responses up to a double radiohorizon range on over-sea paths. This technique can be used for radar calibrations when dealing with various location problems in the nearshore area, including detection and tracking small-size and low-flying targets and their radar identification.
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- 2021
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8. Experimental study of a frequency discriminator with input signal level compensation
- Author
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I.M. Mytsenko and D.D. Khalameyda
- Subjects
automatic frequency control ,frequency discriminator ,radar ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Subject and Purpose. Answering the need for powerful high-frequency signal generation and desired radar range provision, pulsed magnetrons hold the current lead as part of radar transmitters. Yet there are some disadvantages, such as significant noise level and technological difficulties concerning the frequency tuning implementation. In this connection, a direct control of the pulsed magnetron frequency with the use of the Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) causes problems. And in the receiver, the AFC of the heterodyne rather than of the magnetron is more frequently used. The heterodyne frequency is maintained at such a level that the receiver is always tuned to the frequency of signal to receive. For various signal generation arrangements, the existing methods of frequency tuning with a frequency discriminator will be analyzed towards the following development of a principal electrical schematic diagram with gaining the operating characteristics of the frequency discriminator prototype on that diagram basis. Methods and methodology. The electrical schematic diagram is developed in terms of intuitive approach and analyzed by the mathematical modeling method. Results. The functional scheme of a frequency discriminator combining advantages of both single-cycle circuit (design simplicity and ease of tuning) and two-cycle circuit (null output voltage at a given frequency of the input signal and compensation possibilities as to the input voltage amplitude varying and interference) has been developed. The principal electrical schematic diagram of this new frequency discriminator has been reported together with the measured amplitude and frequency characteristics, dynamical figures, etc. Conclusions. The novelty of the proposed concept of a heterodyne AFC system built around a frequency discriminator has been confirmed. Its advantages over the known solutions have been shown.
- Published
- 2020
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9. On the integration of the methods of forming and research of images of objects against the background of noises and interference
- Author
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M. T. Nguyen, V. I. Nefedov, N. S. Chekalkin, I. V. Kozlovsky, A. V. Malafeev, N. A. Mirolyubova, and M. A. Nazarenko
- Subjects
detection ,recognition ,measurement ,transformation ,objects ,images ,infrared direction finding ,radar ,optical (laser) location ,resolution ,radio signal ,Information theory ,Q350-390 - Abstract
This article discusses the application of complex methods for detecting, recognizing, distinguishing borders and measuring various parameters of noisy, low-contrast, difficult-to-see images of space, air or ground objects. The problem of detecting, recognizing, distinguishing and measuring parameters of objects images (space or air objects, aircraft, ship, ground transport, people, coasts, etc.) is still among the very complex, completely unsolved radio engineering and telecommunications (“connected”) tasks. Currently, infrared (IR) direction finding, optical (laser location) direction finding and radar are used to detect, recognize, distinguish boundaries and measure the parameters of unknown objects against the background of external natural or artificial interference and noise. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, which do not always coincide. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical interest to use them jointly, multifunctionally, or integrationally to identify objects against the background of external natural or deliberate interference and noise. When applying multifunctional methods for detecting, recognizing, distinguishing borders and measuring parameters of noisy, low-contrast images of objects against the background of external natural or artificial interference and noise. Digital processing of objects is mainly used now, which can be defined as a process during which an image is: modified to obtain a new one, which will be more convenient for research by a computer, or by the human eye; it is transformed into a certain set of characteristics and parameters visible and related to the observation area that are automatically analyzed by the computer, or directly presented to a person, taking into account pre-established criteria for developing a final conclusion about the studied object. Typically, the result of digital processing of the received signals is a new image that can be easily converted to analog form and directly observed on a computer display.
- Published
- 2020
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10. Complex radar system for surface situation control and navigation
- Author
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A.V. Kosiakovskiy, I.M. Mytsenko, and A.N. Roenko
- Subjects
complex method ,radar ,radio thermal contrast ,radiometer ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Subject and purpose. The main factor which affects the development of modern marine radars and increase of their efficiency is the correct justification of the concept of construction and selection of technical requirements for the development of new devices. The purpose of this work is to analyze the existing methods of marine radar construction, generalize the results of long-term radio physical researches in different regions of the World Ocean and in the Black Sea water area as well, and on their basis to develop the concept for applied complex radar for surface situation control and navigation. Methods and methodology. During the development of construction concept and analysis of the offered radar features the method of mathematical modeling was used. Results. The concept for the complex radar system construction for surface situation control and navigation consisting of 3-cm radar and 8-mm radar with radiometer device is proposed. When choosing 3-cm wave range, the results of long-term radio physical researches conducted by Usikov IRE NASU in different regions of the World Ocean and the Black Sea water area were considered. The usage of 8-mm wave range allows one to carry out radar observation in the near-field zone where signals of 3-cm radar interfere and create strong reflections from the sea surface. The necessity to use 8-mm wave range radiometer is caused by the fact that reduction of the effective scattering cross section due to applied radio absorbing materials leads to increasing of object’s own radio brightness radiation. Therefore to detect barely visible (produced under Stealth technology) and low-sized targets the radiometer which allows to increase target contrast can be used. Conclusion. Conclusions on practical importance of the offered concept for construction of complex radar for surface situation control and navigation are made.
- Published
- 2019
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11. Verification method AT LAND CONDITIONS of linear RESOLUTION on azimuth in a radar with the aperture synthesis of space basing
- Author
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S. R. Heister, N. M. Naumovich, G. N. Demidovich, V. T. Revin, and S. P. Urbanovich
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radar ,aerial aperture synthesis ,space basing ,resolution on azimuth ,moving ship ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
By working out of a radar with the aperture synthesis of the aerial (RAS) of space basing there is a necessity of its debugging and verification at the land conditions. The most difficult verification task is requirement performance on resolution maintenance of RAS on an azimuth. It is caused by the given resolution provided in RAS at an orbit during stable moving in space with a speed about 7,6 km/s. The verification method of maintenance of the demanded linear resolution of RAS on an azimuth in land conditions with turned synthesis of aerial aperture is offered. It operates when RAS is unmoved and objects of resolution are placed at a moving ship.
- Published
- 2019
12. POLYNOMIAL TRAJECTORIES FILTERING OF MANEUVERING TARGETS WITH FINAL ESTIMATION USAGE OF RANGE AND RANGE RATE
- Author
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S. A. Gorshkov and V. N. Zavizhenets
- Subjects
filtration ,bounded set ,least-squares method ,range ,speed ,radar ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Using features of Doppler frequency and two its derivatives in the filtration problem for radar survey have been considered. Comparative analysis of filtration parameters for different radar survey have been accomplished.
- Published
- 2019
13. АНАЛИЗ ПРЕДПОЛАГАЕМОЙ ВОЗДУШНОЙ ОБСТАНОВКИ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ СУЩЕСТВУЮЩИХ РАДИОЛОКАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ
- Subjects
electronic interference ,jamming interference ,противодействие помехам ,радиолокация ,дальность обнаружения ,радиоэлектронное воздействие ,locating ,detection range ,radar ,локация - Abstract
В статье рассматриваются вопросы теории и практики радиолокационного обнаружения, способы обнаружения вражеских объектов при разных видах радиолокации и способы повышения требуемого качества радиолокационной информации, выполняющей функции системы разведки и оповещения для системы ПВО.Отмечается, что радиолокационное распознавание классов воздушных объектов – это необходимость для радиолокационной системы, выполняющей функции системы разведки и оповещения для системы ПВО (ВКО). Однако в условиях применения активных шумовых помех активная радиолокация не позволяет выполнить возлагаемые на нее задачи без существенного качественного изменения энергетических ресурсов, ее потенциальные возможности практически исчерпаны.Делается вывод о том, что одним из возможных путей разрешения невозможности достижения требуемого качества радиолокационной информации в условиях применения активных шумовых помех только за счет средств активной локации, даже объединенных в систему в практике, является комплексирование информации от средств активной и полуактивной локации., This article examines the theory and practice of radar detection, ways of detecting enemy objects in different types of radar and methods of improving the required quality of radar information serving as a reconnaissance and warning system for an air defence system.It is observed that radar recognition of classes of airborne objects is a necessity for a radar system that serves as a reconnaissance and warning system for the air defence system (ADS). However, under conditions of active noise interference, active radar cannot fulfil its assigned tasks without a significant qualitative change of energy resources, its potentialities are practically exhausted.It is concluded that one of the possible ways to resolve the impossibility of achieving the required quality of radar information in conditions of active jamming only at the expense of means of active location, even combined into a system in practice, is a combination of information from means of active and semi-active location., Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 7 (133) 2023
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- 2023
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14. АНАЛИЗ ПРЕДПОЛАГАЕМОЙ ВОЗДУШНОЙ ОБСТАНОВКИ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ СУЩЕСТВУЮЩИХ РАДИОЛОКАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ
- Subjects
electronic interference ,jamming interference ,противодействие помехам ,радиолокация ,дальность обнаружения ,радиоэлектронное воздействие ,locating ,detection range ,radar ,локация - Abstract
Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 7 (133) 2023
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- 2023
- Full Text
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15. FEATURES OF RADAR REFLECTIONS FROM THE CLEAR SKY IN THE MILLIMETER WAVELENGTH RANGE
- Author
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V. V. Sterlyadkin, K. V. Kulikovsky, V. M. Kalmykov, and D. V. Ermilov
- Subjects
remote sensing of the atmosphere ,millimeter wind profiler ,reflections from clear sky ,radar ,ka wave band ,Information theory ,Q350-390 - Abstract
The fine structure and conditions for the occurrence of radar reflections from a cloudless atmosphere in various meteorological conditions and at different times of the year are considered. The few research results in the millimeter wavelength range determine the importance and relevance of the tasks in this area. The results of field measurements carried out using a radarof 8 mm wavelength range at different times of the year under various weather conditions are presented. The possibilities of the developed software for processing and analyzing the data are considered. The obtained data can be used in the design of all-weather small-sized weather radars for various purposes. The parameters of pulse Doppler radars of 8 mm wavelength range for measuring wind profiles in a wide range of weather conditions are presented. Sensing modes, methods for processing and accumulating data using software, as well as the form for presenting the results are indicated. The technique of wind profile recovery in the directions of sounding is considered. The data on radar reflectivity in a clear sky in various meteorological situations are given. Separately, the features of the structure of the Doppler spectra in the millimeter wavelength range when reflected from the clear sky are considered.
- Published
- 2018
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16. Outlook for application of radars with phased-array antennas in foreign navies on missile tracking ships
- Author
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Aleksandr Yu. Andreev
- Subjects
radar detecting and ranging ,radar ,phased array ,missile tracking ship ,spacecraft ,ballistic missiles ,ballistic missile defense system ,AGMH-ship ,Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering ,VM1-989 - Abstract
Object and purpose of research. The study looks at the ships designed for tracking spacecraft and intercontinental ballistic missiles. The purpose is to review the background story of development and state-of-the-art in this field, as well as to analyze some specific aspects of operating this type of ships in contemporary environment. The paper gives an evolution overview of the missile tracking ships and their radars. Particular attention is given to application of active phased array antennas for these purposes. Materials and methods. Test data on missile tracking ships, which have been obtained all around the world from their emergence to present day, are analyzed. The main evolution stages of ship radar systems in various countries are reviewed. Principal particulars of missile and spacecraft tracking ships are described. Main results. Based on the analysis of missile tracking ships over the last 60 years, the main trends in spacecraft and missile tracking technologies are traced. The most promising solutions in the design of onboard radar antennas and systems of instrumentation ships are brought out. Conclusion. The presented materials make it possible to identify the trends in development of missile tracking ships. The obtained conclusions can be useful for design of advanced Russian spacecraft & missile tracking vessels and their radar antennas and systems.
- Published
- 2018
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17. METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF MOBILE OBJECTS COORDINATES BY VIDEO-PULSE RADAR
- Author
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O. V. Sytnik, G. P. Pochanin, S. A. Masalov, V. P. Ruban, and P. V. Kholod
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algorithm ,alternating samples ,peak-factor ,radar ,spatially separated receiving system ,ultra-wideband signal ,video pulse ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Subject and Purpose. The subject of the study is a measuring system consisting of several spatially separated receiving points and a transmitter emitting video pulse signals. The aim of the work is to create an effective algorithm for processing signals from a multi-position observation system under conditions of correlated jamming to solve the problem of the operational detection of mobile objects hidden behind optically opaque obstacles. Methods and methodology of work are based on the difference-distance-measuring principle of calculation of the target coordinates. The informative signal from the target is not identified by direct methods because of the multiple reflections of the sounding signal from the walls of the room and objects located inside it. The procedure for suppressing the interference reflections of the probing signal is developed. The accumulation of a signal and the removal of interference is carried out in real time by subtracting the alternating samples of the observed process from the signals of each receiving point assuming that the object is slow moving or practically unmoving during the time of sounding signal propagation from transmitter to target and back. The delay of the probing signal during its propagation from the transmitter to the target and from the target to each of the receivers has been estimated using the proposed peak factor criterion. The same criterion is used to reject the struck lines on the radar image of the target's trajectory. Results. A high-speed algorithm is developed which, at the condition of a relatively high signal-to-noise ratio, makes it possible to use the signal peak factor as a criterion for jammers suppression at the radar's image. The simplicity of signal processing allowed to continuously display the data in a user-friendly form. The continuity of measurements of the delays of the reflected signals from the target to the receiving points is ensured by polynomial approximation of the object trajectories relative to each of the receivers. Conclusions. The high energy characteristics of the observation system, the stability of the parameters during the measurements, and the high accuracy of the reflected waveform reproduction allowed us to use digital signal processing methods in real time. The simulation results are confirmed by data that were accumulated and averaged over a series of similar experiments.
- Published
- 2018
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18. SYSTEM OF AUTOMATIC FREQUENCY CONTROL OF HETERODYNE OF RADAR RECEIVER WITH MAGNETRON TRANSMITTER
- Author
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I. M. Mytsenko and D. D. Khalameyda
- Subjects
automatic frequency control ,discriminator ,magnetron transmitter ,radar ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Subject and purpose. At present, pulsed magnetrons are leaders in the use in the transmitters of radar stations which is caused by the need to generate powerful high-frequency oscillations and to provide a given range of radar. The disadvantages of magnetrons include a significant level of noise and difficulties in implementing frequency control. For this reason, when using automatic frequency control (AFC), problems arise in controlling the frequency of the pulsed magnetron. That is why AFC of heterodyne of the receiver rather than the one of the magnetron is most often used. The heterodyne frequency is maintained such that the receiver is always tuned to the frequency of the received signal. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the existing methods for tuning the heterodyne frequency of pulsed radars with a magnetron transmitter, to develop a concept for constructing a functional scheme and its practical implementation. Results. The functional scheme of the automatic frequency tuning system of heterodyne in radar receiver with a magnetron transmitter is developed. A frequency discriminator is used in AFC. The frequency discriminator combines the advantages of a single-cycle circuit (simplicity of design and tuning) and a two-cycle circuit (an output voltage equal to zero for a given magnetron frequency, as well as compensation of variations in the amplitude of the input voltage and interference). The practical implementation of the developed system is shown by the example of millimeter-wave band radar (40 GHz), where a generator based on a Gunn diode with varactor frequency tuning is used as the receiver heterodyne. In this paper, the electric scheme of a new frequency discriminator and its amplitude-frequency characteristic are shown. Methods and methodology. An intuitive method was used to develop an electrical schematic diagram. The analysis of the developed scheme was carried out using the method of mathematical modeling. Conclusions are made about the novelty of the proposed concept of constructing the AFC of heterodyne radar receivers with a magnetron transmitter and its advantages in comparison with known solutions
- Published
- 2018
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19. Радиофизика и электроника
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microwaves ,radar ,electromagnetic fileds ,electronics ,remote sensing ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Published
- 2019
20. VALIDATION OF LIDAR TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS IN THE STRATOSPHERE OVER TOMSK ON AEROLOGICAL AND SATELLITE DATA FOR 2015-16 YEARS
- Author
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V. N. Marichev and D. A. Bochkovsky
- Subjects
temperature ,stratosphere ,Raman and Rayleigh scattering of light ,radar ,radiosonde ,«Aura»satellite. ,Science - Abstract
The vertical temperature distribution in the lower stratosphere is compared with the data of lidar, radiosonde, and satellite measurements. In the lidar measurements, Raman and Rayleigh channels for receiving scattered light at wavelengths of 607 nm and 532 nm were used. Taking into account the spatio-temporal separation of the measurements, a qualitative and quantitative correspondence of the vertical temperature profiles was obtained. The prospects of using the Raman scattering method for measuring temperature in the lower stratosphere are shown.
- Published
- 2017
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21. FIVE-POINT MODEL OF RADAR OBJECTS DISTRIBUTED OVER ANGULAR COORDINATES
- Author
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A. V. Kiselev and M. A. Stepanov
- Subjects
modeling. simulation ,radar ,angular noise ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
A five-point geometric model of radar object distributed over angular coordinates was considered. Four points of the model are located at the tips of the square, the fifth point – i n any place inside the square. The points of the model emit the statistically unrelated normal random processes with a given variance. Analytic relationships were obtained that make it possible to synthesize the model proceeding from the criterion of equality for the parameters of density of probability distribution of angular noises of the object and the model. The possibilities of the model to replace the reflections from distributed objects were also analyzed. It is shown that the five-point model allows the separate control of the parameters of density of probability distribution of angular noises by one of the viewing directions. In this case, for the orthogonal direction – t he model degenerates into a two-point direction, and the parameters of density of probability distribution of angular noises turn out to be interrelated.
- Published
- 2017
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22. RETRIEVAL OF RAIN INTENSITY BY SOLUTION OF INTEGRAL EQUATION OF SCATTERING IN THE CASE OF DOUBLE FREQUENCY SENSING
- Author
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A. M. Linkova
- Subjects
double frequency sensing ,fredholm integral equation of the first kind ,radar ,rain intensity ,tikhonov regularization ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Measurement of precipitation amount is of great inte-rest for solution of many practical problems of national economy and agriculture. In this case, the inverse problem of recovering the rain intensity using radar methods is an incorrect problem of mathe-matical physics and is described by a nonlinear integral equation. An approach for solving the integral equation of the electromagnetic waves scattering by a polydisperse medium of water drops is considered by means of double frequency remote sensing in the microwave range. Numerical simulation for retrieval of rain intensity in the range of 1…30 mm/h is performed for operating wavelengths 0.82 and 3.2 cm. It is shown that the proposed approach permits to retrieve the rain intensity with an error less than 20 % for intensities > 5 mm/h and with an error up to 60 % for light rains (less than 5 mm/h).
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- 2017
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23. Imitator of signals for plan-position indicator «Picket»
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Tsevuch I. V., Sheik-Seikin A. N., Sadchenko A. V., Kushnirenko O. A., and Savchuk Yu. A.
- Subjects
imitator of signals ,plan-position indicator ,radar ,operator of air situation control ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
The authors have developed a device for imitation of the signal-interference environment for radars, equipped with the plan-position indicator (PPI) «Picket», which does not require a PC for operation. Thanks to the use of the original method of forming marks from targets, it was possible to significantly reduce the amount of memory, required to store information about the scenario that reliably imitates the operation of the radar in real conditions. The device provides simultaneous operation of twelve indicators of a circular survey and is intended for equipping training centers for the training of air control operators.
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- 2017
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24. К вопросу продвижения беспилотных технологий на грузовом автомобильном транспорте
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радар ,автономное управление ,automobile ,energy recovery system ,система рекуперации энергии ,autonomous driving ,беспилотный грузовой автомобиль ,система управления ,автомобиль ,лидар ,control system ,unmanned freight vehicle ,lidar ,radar - Abstract
В обзорной статье рассматриваются перспективные разработки моделей беспилотных грузовых автомобилей основных российских компаний. Представлено обобщенное оборудование для обеспечения возможности беспилотного управления автомобилем. Показаны перспективы и возможные сферы применения беспилотных грузовых автомобилей. Анализ показал целесообразность развития беспилотного управления транспортной техникой, внедрения интеллектуальных платформ, способных коммуницировать с беспилотными автомобилями. Развитие скоростных автомобильных магистралей с использованием цифровых технологий способствует созданию отдельных конструктивных изменений, направленных на улучшение эксплуатационных характеристик и потребительских свойств автомобилей., The review article examines promising developments in the models of unmanned vehicles of the main Russian companies. The generalized equipment for enabling unmanned truck control is presented. The prospects and possible applications of unmanned vehicles are shown. The analysis has shown the expediency of developing unmanned control of transport vehicles, and the introduction of intelligent platforms capable of communicating with unmanned vehicles. The development of high-speed highways using digital technology contributes to the creation of certain design changes aimed at improving the performance and consumer properties of vehicles., Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 1 (127) 2023
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- 2023
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25. К вопросу продвижения беспилотных технологий на грузовом автомобильном транспорте
- Subjects
радар ,автономное управление ,automobile ,energy recovery system ,система рекуперации энергии ,autonomous driving ,беспилотный грузовой автомобиль ,система управления ,автомобиль ,лидар ,control system ,unmanned freight vehicle ,lidar ,radar - Abstract
Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 1 (127) 2023
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- 2023
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26. Probing the forest canopy using a directed electromagnetic wave
- Subjects
ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНЫЕ ВОЛНЫ ,ПЛОТНОСТЬ ,DENSITY ,TREES ,ДЕРЕВЬЯ ,ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES ,RADAR ,РЛС - Abstract
The article discusses the issues of forest canopy research. A solution to the problem of monitoring the state of the stand by probing with a high-frequency electromagnetic wave is proposed. This solution will find application in taxation and other Forestwork. В статье рассмотрены вопросы исследования лесного полога. Предложено решение проблемы мониторинга состояния древостоя путем зондирования электромагнитной волной высокой частоты. Данное решение найдет применение в таксации и других лесохозяйственных работах.
- Published
- 2023
27. Анализ возможностей пассивной радиолокации при работе в диапазоне ультракоротких волн
- Subjects
дальность обнаружения ,помеха ,сигнал ,диапазон ,interference ,bistatic technology ,радиолокационная станция (РЛС) ,detection range ,band ,бистатическая технология ,radar - Abstract
В статье предложен анализ радиопередатчиков, работающих в диапазоне ультракоротких волн, в качестве удобного источника сигнала для определения дальности обнаружения в пассивном бистатическом радиолокационном измерителе координат. Представлен теоретический анализ основных специфических особенностей бистатической пассивной радиолокационной станции, рассмотрены ее энергетические характеристики, а также воздействие различных видов шума при мгновенном приеме сигнала прямой подсветки и слабых сигналов, отраженных от объекта. Проведена оценка бистатических характеристик пассивной технологии при проектировании таких радиолокационных станций дальнего обнаружения объектов, а также исследован динамический диапазон приемного устройства пассивного радиолокационного измерителя координат при воздействии на него шума и мощность отраженного сигнала, которая базируется на эффективной площади рассеяния, что позволяет создать более эффективную бистатическую технологию пассивного обнаружения. Экспериментальные данные представлены в виде математического моделирования, которые включают в себя сканирование спектра диапазона ультракоротких волн в различных условиях для дальнего обнаружения объектов, рассмотрены несколько вариантов воздействия на диапазон различных условий местности и ландшафта. Результаты математического моделирования сопоставлены с теоретическим анализом специфических особенностей пассивного бистатического радиолокационного измерителя координат., The article proposes an analysis of radio transmitters operating in the ultrashort wave range as a convenient signal source for determining the detection range in a passive bistatic radar. A theoretical analysis of the main specific features of a bistatic passive radar is presented; its energy characteristics are considered along with the impact of various types of noise during instantaneous reception of a direct illumination signal and weak reflections from an object. The bistatic characteristics of the passive technology were evaluated when designing such radar for long-range object detection. Additionally, the dynamic range of the passive radar receiver when exposed to noise and the power of the reflected signal based on the effective scattering area, which makes it possible to create a more effective bistatic passive detection technology, was investigated. Experimental evidence is presented in the form of the mathematical modeling, which includes scanning the spectrum of the ultrashort wave range under various conditions for long-range detection of objects. Several options for influencing the range of different terrain and landscape conditions are considered. The results of the mathematical modeling are compared with the theoretical analysis of the specific features of a passive bistatic radar., МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ, ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, Выпуск 2 (41) 2023, Pages 25-26
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- 2023
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28. AUTOMATIC QUALITY IMPROVEMENT METHOD FOR RADAR IMAGE OBTAINED IN COMPLICATED PHYSIOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS
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M. K. Zograbyan and K. Yu. Cheredeyev
- Subjects
radar ,aperture synthesis ,quality improvement ,complex physical and geographical conditions ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Quality improvement method for radar image derived in complicated physiographic factors by synthetic aperture radar is described. Improvement is reached by combining of the brightness transformation and the smoothing median filtering. The results of improvement for two radar images are shown. Possibility in principle of real-time radar image processing in complicated physiographic factors is described.
- Published
- 2017
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29. NOISE AND SIGNAL FOR RESCUERS RADAR
- Author
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O. V. Sytnik
- Subjects
algorithm ,criterion ,cross-sampling summing ,ergodic process ,flicker-noise ,perronfrobenius ope-rator ,radar ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
The adequate models of information signals and noise have been developed to solve the actual problem of the synthesis of hardware and software for operative detection of affected peop-le in man-made or natural disasters. It is shown that at low frequencies, where are placed the spectral components of the information signal generated by breathing and heartbeat, an adequate model of the fluctuation noise is a flicker noise model built on the basis of recurrent equations of Perron-Frobenius operator. The spectral characteristics of the information signal and noise are investigated. The information signal model is built on the theory of periodically correlated random processes and verified on experimental data. A signal processing algorithm has been proposed. The algorithm is based on a process of cross-sampling summing. A criterion to assess the duration of the period of the signal is proposed. The criterion is a function of the signal dispersion from the lattice function period. The ergodic property of the process on an equidistant grid is theoretically proved and experimentally confirmed. The optimal estimate of period duration is an argument of the global maximum of the polymodal criterion function. The simulation results are confirmed by the experimental data.
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- 2017
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30. Радиопромышленность
- Subjects
electronics ,signal processing ,radar ,microwaves ,antennas ,radiolocation ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Published
- 2019
31. COMPREHENSIVE MULTISPECTRAL APPROACH TO DETECTION OF GROUND, SURFACE AND AIR TARGETS
- Author
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A. Pyatkin and E. Yanakova
- Subjects
multispectral approach ,security systems ,radar ,digital signal processing. ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
System approach has been investigated with respect to detection of ground, surface and air targets with small scattering cross section (from 0,01 m2), on the basis of which modern security systems can be developed, that are able to detect people, vehicles and high-tech robots. The main advantage of this approach is its high performance, easy scalability, technological characteristics when producing elements of the system
- Published
- 2016
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32. Method for long-term coherent-noncoherent signal accumulation with non-zero higher derivatives range to radar target
- Author
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S. V. Kozlov and Van Cuong Le
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Physics ,radial acceleration ,TK7800-8360 ,сombined accumulation ,Zero (complex analysis) ,accumulation loss ,Signal ,Term (time) ,Computational physics ,law.invention ,acceleration derivative ,law ,radial velocity ,Range (statistics) ,fast furie transform ,Radar ,Electronics - Abstract
A method of long-term combined accumulation of the reflected signal is justified, which provides for its division into disjoint subsets, coherent accumulation in subsets using one of the fast algorithms and subsequent incoherent accumulation of the squares of the modules of the results of processing the subsets. A distinctive method’s feature is the use with incoherent accumulation of maxima of the squares of the moduli of the coherent processing results, that are selected from the range / radial velocity regions in accordance with a given hypothesis about the minimum and maximum values of the target radial velocity and the radial acceleration detection channel setting.The efficiency of the method was confirmed by simulation modeling. Using the theories of ordinal statistics and the method of moments, a method for calculating the probability of correct detection is developed. Estimates of processing losses are made in comparison with coherent and incoherent accumulation algorithms for a signal reflected from a point target, for the case when there is no range and frequency migration. Estimates for the required number of receiver channels are given.
- Published
- 2021
33. Evaluation of the performance of algorithms for synthesizing radar images using Cuda technology
- Author
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S. V. Kozlov
- Subjects
Computational complexity theory ,TK7800-8360 ,Computer science ,Aperture synthesis ,Fast Fourier transform ,Volume (computing) ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,fast fourier transform ,law.invention ,Computational science ,antenna aperture synthesis ,graphics processor ,CUDA ,Computer Science::Graphics ,radar image ,calculation time ,law ,Radar imaging ,number of operations ,Computer Science::Mathematical Software ,Radar ,Electronics ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Abstract
The features of the implementation of the algorithm for the synthesis of detail radar images for an aperture synthesis radar using the built-in functions of the Cuda library are presented. The estimation of computational complexity from the standpoint of the organization of parallel computing on Nvidia GPUs is given. The estimation of the real performance of radar synthesis is given, taking into account the volume and features of the placement of primary radar information.
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- 2021
34. Reduction of Multiplicative Noise in Radar Images
- Author
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A. A. Tuzova, V. A. Pavlov, and A. A. Belov
- Subjects
Synthetic aperture radar ,TK7800-8360 ,Computer science ,business.industry ,speckle noise ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Speckle noise ,Filter (signal processing) ,Object detection ,law.invention ,Noise ,Computer Science::Graphics ,radar image ,law ,filter parameters ,Radar imaging ,Computer vision ,speckle noise filtering ,Artificial intelligence ,Radar ,Electronics ,business ,Smoothing ,synthetic aperture radar - Abstract
Introduction. A radar image is an image obtained by remote sensing the earth's surface with a radar device. Radar images are characterized by background graininess caused by speckle noise, which should be filtered to improve the quality of radar images. The structure of speckle noise reduction filters often comprise one or more parameters to control the level of noise smoothing. The values of these parameters have to be selected experimentally. In works devoted to speckle noise filtering, the methods used for selecting filter paraments are rarely clarified.Aim. To present a methodology for selecting the parameters of multiplicative speckle noise filters on a radar image that are optimal in terms of the quality of the resulting image.Materials and methods. The article presents a method for determining the optimal parameters of speckle noise reduction filters. This method was applied to the most conventionally used filters. The search for optimal parameters and testing of the filters were carried out using a specially designed image, which contained the objects most frequently found on radar images. The structural similarity index (SSIM) metric was chosen as a metric that assesses the quality of filtration.Results. After determining the optimal (in terms of SSIM) parameters of speckle noise reduction filters, the filters were compared to select the best filters in terms of the quality of radar image processing. In addition, the operation of the filters under study was tested on images containing various types of objects, namely: large objects, small objects and sharp borders. Knowing which filter copes best with smoothing speckle noise in a particular area and what values of the variable parameters this requires, an optimal quality of radar images can be achieved. Filtering not only improves human perception of radar images, but also reduces the influence of speckle noise during their further processing (object detection, segmentation of areas, etc.).Conclusion. The proposed algorithm allowed optimal parameters for several speckle noise filters to be determined. The quality of filtration was assessed using an expert method (visually) by comparing images before and after filtration, differential images and one-dimensional image slices. The Frost filter and the anisotropic diffusion filter with optimal parameters showed the best processing quality according to the SSIM metric.
- Published
- 2021
35. An estimation of efficiency of filtering algorithms of state vector of small-sized observed object with non-Markovian approximation of trajectory
- Author
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B. A. Zaikin and A. F. Kotov
- Subjects
Information theory ,kalman algorithm ,Computer science ,Gaussian ,Markov process ,Kalman filter ,Object (computer science) ,α−β algorithm ,law.invention ,Normal distribution ,symbols.namesake ,Nonlinear system ,law ,nonlinear filtering ,quadcopters ,Trajectory ,symbols ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,non-markovian approximation ,Radar ,multi-position radar ,Q350-390 ,Algorithm ,one-position radar ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
The article discusses the possibilities of estimating the states vectors of observation objects with the nonMarkovian approximation of the trajectories. The introduction discusses the problem consisting in the fact that the use of the approximation of the trajectory of the observed object by Markov processes in some cases can lead to a discrepancy between theory and practice. In the first section, we simulate the trajectories of observed objects when approximated by a Markovian process and indicate the limitations of this approach. It is proposed to use a multidimensional Gaussian distribution law for generating the trajectory of the observed object. In the second section, a study of the accuracy characteristics of a single-position angular-rangefinder radar and a three-position rangefinder radar are considered. Algorithms α-β, Kalman and nonlinear estimation are used in the modeling as estimation algorithms in these systems. The parameters and characteristics of the simulation are given. In the third part, the results of modeling the process of estimating the location of objects of observation with trajectories of movement approximated by non-Markov processes are presented. Modeling confirms the possibility of using submitted algorithms to estimate the trajectory of a smallsized object of observation, a trajectory model of which uses a multidimensional normal distribution law. It is pointed out that in several cases the filtering errors exceed the errors of a single measurement. This leads to the conclusion that further modification of the algorithms is necessary. In the final part, a recommendation is given on how to further reduce the estimation errors when using Kalman algorithms and nonlinear estimation.
- Published
- 2021
36. Methods for Complexing Images Formed by Multi-Band Synthetic Aperture Radars
- Author
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A. A. Potapov, V. A. Kuznetsov, and E. A. Alikulov
- Subjects
Synthetic aperture radar ,complexing ,TK7800-8360 ,Computer science ,Reliability (computer networking) ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,law ,Radar imaging ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Radar ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,Remote sensing ,010302 applied physics ,Pixel ,systems analysis ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,multi-band radar image ,Systems analysis ,Remote sensing (archaeology) ,Electronics ,Joint (audio engineering) ,fractal paradigm ,synthetic aperture radar - Abstract
Introduction. Synthetic aperture radars (SAR) are important components of aviation-based systems for remote sensing of the Earth. The current level of such systems allows simultaneous radar surveys in several frequency ranges. Such surveys require complexing of the images formed in each of the frequency channels, which task is yet to be resolved.Aim. To review the formation principles and methods for joint processing of images using space and aviation-based multi-band synthetic aperture radar systems.Materials and methods. The methodology of systems analysis, involving the integral stages of decomposition, analysis and synthesis, was used. Decomposition of integrating multi-band radar images was performed considering the effect of various factors on the characteristics of radar images in different frequency ranges. Such factors include the principles of radar imaging, issues of radar images of multi-band synthetic aperture radars with real characteristics, and complexing levels.Results. According to the classical systems approach, the results of review and analysis are corresponded by appropriate conclusions on the shortcomings of each decomposition element and the synthesis of a proposal for achieving the goal. It was shown that joint processing of multi-band radar images can be carried out at the levels of signals, pixels, features and solutions, as well as their aggregates. Each approach is characterised by its shortcomings, which impede implementation of full integration of multi-band radar images without loss of information, which is due to the absence of information redundancy of radar images, compared to, e.g., optical images.Conclusion. Recommendations on the application of a particular method and the synthesis of a system for radar complexing images based on the texture-fractal approach were formulated. Directions for further work meeting all the requirements for completeness, reliability and information content of remote sensing of the Earth were outlined.
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- 2021
37. PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS OF THE AURORAL BACKSCATTER OBSERVATIONS WITH EARLY WARNING RADAR
- Author
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I. V. Tyutin, V. B. Ovodenko, and S. A. Pushay
- Subjects
radar ,aspect sensitivity ,auroral clutter ,ionospheric irregularities ,backscatter ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
In this paper authors analyze the experimental data on the registration of auroral radio reflections on geophysical radar VHF. The relationship between the geomagnetic conditions and detected auroral backscatter in the zone of responsibility of radar.
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- 2016
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38. ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТОДОВ АКТИВНОГО ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА МАГИСТРАЛЬНЫХ НЕФТЕПРОВОДОВ
- Subjects
радиолокация ,oil trunk pipelines ,магистральные нефтепроводы ,Sentinel ,ICEYE ,radar - Abstract
В статье рассмотрены современные методы активного дистанционного зондирования, которые могут применяться для мониторинга состояния магистральных нефтепроводов и защитных сооружений при них. Целью работы является анализ характеристик радиолокационных съемочных систем Sentinel-1 и ICEYE, таких как режим съемки, ширина полосы захвата, пространственное разрешение и поляризация радиосигнала. Выполнены экспериментальные исследования методики предварительной обработки данных в программном продукте SNAP и рассмотрены ее основные этапы. В результате определены характеристики данных радиолокационной съемки, позволяющие использовать их для оценки состояния магистральных нефтепроводов, выделены преимущества и недостатки., The article discusses modern methods of active remote sensing, which can be used to monitor the condition of oil trunk pipelines and the protective structures around them. The aim of the work is to analyze the characteristics of Sentinel-1 and ICEYE radar survey systems, such as shooting mode, capture bandwidth, spatial resolution, and polarization of the radio signal. The author carries out experimental studies of the data preprocessing technique using the SNAP software and examines its main stages. As a result, the study determines the characteristics of the radar survey data, allowing them to be used to assess the condition of oil trunk pipelines, advantages, and disadvantages were also highlighted., Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 4 (118) 2022, Pages 20-23
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- 2022
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39. Research of the Efficiency of the Automatic System of Detection and Recognition of Objects on Radar Image Using Neural Networks
- Author
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Weber, V. I., Kuprits, V. Yu., and Zaikov, K. D.
- Subjects
АЛГОРИТМ КЛАСТЕРИЗАЦИИ ,НЕЙРОННАЯ СЕТЬ ,NEURAL NETWORK ,CLUSTERING ALGORITHM ,РАДИОЛОКАЦИЯ ,RADAR - Abstract
Поступила: 18.07.2022. Принята в печать: 19.09.2022. Received: 18.07.2022. Accepted: 19.09.2022. Рассмотрены основные факторы, влияющие на эффективность автоматической системы распознавания объектов на радиолокационном изображении, полученном с помощью радиолокатора с синтезированной апертурой антенны. Разработан алгоритм кластеризации для выделения объектов на радиолокационном изображении. Приведены результаты применения алгоритма кластеризации радиолокационного изображения, позволяющего повысить вероятность правильного распознавания объектов. Приведен анализ эффективности применения алгоритма кластеризации в зависимости от порогового обнаружения. Разработана и приведена структура двухэтапной системы алгоритма автоматического распознавания объектов на радиолокационном изображении. The main factors influencing the efficiency of an automatic object recognition system in a radar image obtained with a synthetic aperture radar are considered A clustering algorithm of selecting objects on a radar image has been developed. The results of applying the radar image clustering algorithm, which makes it possible to increase the probability of correct recognition of objects, are presented. An analysis of the effectiveness of the application of the clustering algorithm depending on the threshold detection is given. The structure of the two-stage system of the algorithm of the automatic recognition of objects on a radar image has been developed and presented.
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- 2022
40. Тенденции и перспективы развития радиолокационных систем с синтезированной апертурой космического базирования
- Subjects
spacecraft ,viewing modes ,оперативностьполяризационная матрицафазированная антенная решётка ,informative value ,космический ,синтезированной апертурой ,информативность ,phased array antenna ,зондирование Земли ,аппарат ,радиолокация ,режимы обзора ,дистанционное ,efficiency ,радиолокатор с ,remote sensing of the Earth ,synthesized aperture radar ,polarization matrix ,radar - Abstract
В статье оценена роль радиолокаторов с синтезированной апертурой (РСА) в системах дистанционного зондирования Земли. Проведён анализ таких тенденций развития средств дистанционного мониторинга с борта космических носителей, как повышение информативности и оперативности. Выявлены перспективные направления развития подобных систем., We assess the role of synthetic aperture radars (RSA) in Earth remote sensing systems. The increase of informative value and efficiency are analyzed as the trends in the development of remote monitoring tools from space carriers. Promising directions for the development of the systems in question are identified., ВЕСТНИК ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫХ НАУК, Выпуск 1 2022
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- 2022
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41. Простой модуль локационных измерений доплеровского сдвига частоты и угла прихода на основе двухканальной поляризационной тандемной амплитудно-фазовой модуляции. Часть 1
- Subjects
tandem amplitude-phase modulator ,polarization division ,reference heterodyne radio signal with a given frequency and phase ,доплеровский сдвиг частоты ,опорный гетеродинный радиосигнал с заданной частотой и фазой ,радиолокация ,Doppler frequency shift ,радиофотоника ,тандемный амплитудно-фазовый модулятор ,angle of arrival ,поляризационное разделение каналов ,угол прихода ,radio photonics ,radar - Abstract
В статье предлагается простой метод радиофотонных измерений доплеровского сдвига частоты и угла прихода эхосигналов в системах автономного вождения, который позволяет удобно и точно получать информацию путём сравнения частоты и фазы огибающих биений двух каналов, разделённых по поляризации, за малый период времени. О знаке ДСЧ и его значении при угле прихода 90° можно судить благодаря введению опорного гетеродинного сигнала с заданной частотой и фазой. В модуле, реализующем метод, используются два параллельных тандемных амплитудно-фазовых модулятора для получения двухчастотных сигналов с подавленной несущей и разностной частотой, равной частоте сигналов системы: локационного, гетеродинного и двух эхосигналов с соседних элементов антенной решётки. В первой части статьи приведён сравнительный анализ существующих радиофотонных методов и средств одновременного или практически одновременного измерения доплеровского сдвига частоты и угла прихода и описан принцип действия модуля, реализующего предложенный метод, оценочно показаны его преимущества и недостатки. Целевые характеристики, предполагаемые к достижению, заключаются в измерении доплеровского сдвига частоты в диапазоне ± 100 кГц и диапазоне локационных частот 15–40 ГГц с погрешностью в ±10 Гц и измерении угла прихода в диапазоне от 0 до π/2 с погрешностью менее ±1,7 мрад., Introduction. One of the new, actively developing functions of radars, necessary for providing processes of intelligent or autonomous cars, is determining the location and motion parameters of other objects in real time, which includes the simultaneous measurement of the Doppler frequency shift (DFS), as well as the angle of arrival (AoA) of the echo. Recently, due to the advantages of large instantaneous bandwidth, low transmission losses and resistance to electromagnetic interferences, a lot of methods based on radio photonics technologies have been developed to implement radio measurements of DFS and AoA in the optical range. The aim of the research was to develop the principle of operation of a new simple radio photonic system for simultaneous measurements of DFS and AoA, which obtains information by comparing the frequency and phase shift values, respectively, of the down-converted signals of two channels. Moreover, the use of a reference signal, the reference frequency and phase allows to get the sign of the DFS, and the AoA from the direction of a perpendicular to the line connecting two reception antennas. Methods. It is proposed to build a circuit of a block of modulators for measuring DFS and AoA based on tandem single-port amplitude and phase modulators (TAPM) that implement the Ilyin-Morozov single-frequency coherent radiation conversion method with complete carrier suppression and high spectral purity when the parameters of the amplitude-phase conversion deviate from the optimal ones. In the system being developed, location, reflected, and heterodyne radio signals are fed to two TAPMs, each defines one measurement channel with total carrier suppression. As a result, the DFS (including the value and sign) and the AoA can be obtained from the analysis of the signals of each channels in terms of the parameters of their beat envelope. Conclusion.Thus, the first part of the paper presents the principle of operation of the module, which has a very simple structure and low cost. A wide operating frequency range determined by the modulator bandwidth, and a low-frequency photodetector provide high reliability due to a simple procedure for calibrating and controlling the temperature conditions of the elements. The target characteristics expected to be achieved and which will be presented in the second part of the paper are to measure the DFS in the range of ±100 kHz at operating frequencies of 15-40 GHz with an error of ±10 Hz and to measure the AoA in the range from 0 to π/2 with an error less than ±1.7 mrad., ВЕСТНИК ПОВОЛЖСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. СЕРИЯ: РАДИОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ И ИНФОКОММУНИКАЦИОННЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ, Выпуск 3 (55) 2022, Page 58–71
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- 2022
- Full Text
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42. Radar Scan Methods in Modern Multifunctional Radars
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V. N. Skosyrev
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radar ,multifunctional radar ,scan method ,active phased array antenna ,pilot signal ,Computer engineering. Computer hardware ,TK7885-7895 ,Mechanics of engineering. Applied mechanics ,TA349-359 - Abstract
Considered urgent task of organizing the review space in modern multifunctional radar systems shall review the space in a wide range of elevation angles from minus 5 to 60-80 degrees and 360 degrees azimuth. MfRLS this type should provide an overview of the zone for a limited time (2-3 sec), detecting a wide range of subtle high and low-flying targets. The latter circumstance requires the organization to select targets against the background of reflections from the underlying surface and local objects (MP). When providing an overview of the space taken into account the need to increase not only the noise immunity, and survivability.Two variants of the review of space in the elevation plane in the solid-state AESA radar. In the first case the overview space narrow beam by one beam. In the second - the transfer of DNA is formed, covering the whole sector of responsibility in elevation and at the reception beam is formed in spetsvychislitele (CB) as a result of the signal processing of digitized after emitters antenna web. The estimations of the parameters specific to the multifunction radar SAM air and missile defense. It is shown that in a number of practically important cases, preference should be given clearly one of the methods described review of space.The functional scheme with AESA radar for both variants of the review. Necessary to analyze their differences. Contains the problem of increasing the cost of MfRLS with digital beamforming DNA with increasing bandwidth probing signal being processed.Noted drawbacks of MfRLS with digital beamforming beam. Including: reduced accuracy of the coordinates at low elevation angles, the complexity of the organization of thermal regime of the solid element base using quasi-continuous signal with a low duty cycle. Shows their fundamentally unavoidable in the steppe and desert areas with uneven terrain (Kazakhstan, China, the Middle East).It is shown that for MfRLS working in strong clutter, more preferably overview in elevation plane ray beam with high directivity and electronic scanning. This method is preferable from the viewpoint of the anti-jamming passive and active interference, as well as reducing electromagnetic visibility.
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- 2014
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43. Обнаружение беспилотных летательных аппаратов с использованием рассеяния радиоволн на акустических возмущениях среды, создаваемых летательным аппаратом
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acoustic wave ,adio acoustic sounding ,акустична хвиля ,распознавание ,scattering ,detection ,безпілотний літальний апарат ,радіолокаційна станція ,виявлення ,розсіювання ,радіоакустичне зондування ,рассеяние ,радиоакустическое зондирование ,unmanned aerial vehicle ,радиолокационная станция ,беспилотный летательный аппарат ,обнаружение ,recognition ,розпізнавання ,акустическая волна ,radar - Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have recently become widespread, because they are capable of performing a wide range of functions useful for mankind. At the same time, UAVs are a source of potential threats in a number of areas of human activity, namely, military, economic, and everyday life. Therefore, an urgent scientific and technical problem of detecting and observing UAVs has been formed recently to prevent them from performing unauthorized actions. The main means of UAV surveillance are radar (both active and passive), optical, infrared, acoustic stations, as well as complex systems in which joint processing of information obtained using these information channels is carried out. However, in general, the scientific and technical problem of monitoring UAVs, especially small UAVs, remains unresolved: the efficiency of UAV detection using all these methods remains insufficient, and the needs of practice are far from being fully satisfied with the available means. This article is devoted to the analysis of currently known scientific and practical results aimed to assess the possibility of detecting UAVs by radio signals scattered by acoustic disturbances of the environment created by UAVs, and to formulate urgent scientific and technical problems in this aria of knowledge., Беспилотные летательные аппараты (БПЛА) получили в последнее время значительное распространение, поскольку способны выполнять широкий спектр полезных для человечества функций. В то же время БПЛА являются источником потенциальных угроз в ряде областей деятельности человека – военной, хозяйственной, повседневной. Поэтому в последние годы сформировалась актуальная научно-техническая проблема обнаружения и наблюдения БПЛА с целью предотвращения выполнения ими несанкционированных действий. Основными средствами наблюдения БПЛА являются радиолокационные (как активные, так и пассивные), оптические, инфракрасные, акустические станции, а также комплексные системы, в которых осуществляется совместная обработка информации, получаемой с использованием указанных информационных каналов. Однако в целом научно-техническая проблема наблюдения БПЛА, особенно малых БПЛА, остается нерешенной: эффективность обнаружения БПЛА с использованием всех указанных методов остается недостаточной, а потребности практики имеющимися средствами удовлетворяются далеко не в полной мере. Cтатья посвящена анализу известных научных и практических результатов с целью оценки возможности обнаружения БПЛА по радиосигналам, рассеянным на акустических возмущениях среды, создаваемых БПЛА, и формулированию актуальных научных и технических задач в данной области знаний., Безпілотні літальні апарати (БПЛА) отримали значне поширення, оскільки здатні виконувати широкий спектр корисних для людства функцій. У той же час БПЛА є джерелом потенційних загроз у ряді областей діяльності людини – військовій, господарській, повсякденній. Тому в останні роки сформувалася актуальна науково-технічна проблема виявлення і спостереження БПЛА з метою запобігання виконання ними несанкціонованих дій. Основними засобами спостереження БПЛА є радіолокаційні (як активні, так і пасивні), оптичні, інфрачервоні, акустичні станції, а також комплексні системи, в яких здійснюється спільна обробка інформації, що була одержана з використанням зазначених інформаційних каналів. Однак в цілому науково-технічна проблема спостереження БПЛА, особливо малих БПЛА, залишається невирішеною: ефективність виявлення БПЛА з використанням всіх зазначених методів залишається недостатньою, а потреби практики наявними засобами задовольняються далеко не в повній мірі. Cтаття присвячена аналізу відомих наукових і практичних результатів з метою оцінки можливості виявлення БПЛА за радіосигналами, розсіяними на акустичних збуреннях середовища, створюваних БПЛА, і формулювання актуальних наукових і технічних завдань в даній області знань.
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- 2021
44. Potential accuracy of quasi-optimal radar meters of angular coordinates with scanning multi-channel antenna system
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S. V. Kozlov and Vu Thanh Ha
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TK7800-8360 ,kurtosis ,Mathematical analysis ,statistical characteristics ,Direction of arrival ,likelihood ratio function ,Signal ,law.invention ,fisher matrix ,Normal distribution ,Azimuth ,symbols.namesake ,law ,spatial interference compensation ,Kurtosis ,symbols ,Radar ,Electronics ,Fisher information ,Root-mean-square deviation ,asymmetry ,Mathematics - Abstract
We obtained the analytical expressions for the mean square deviation of errors in estimating the angular coordinates of the target for quasi-optimal algorithms of processing the fluctuating signals in radar meters with a scanning multichannel receiving system under external interference. Analytical estimates are based on the construction and circulation of the Fisher information matrix with a joint estimation of the direction of arrival and power of the fluctuating reflected signal at the output of the isotropic receiving antenna and a parabolic approximation of the mean value of the decisive statistic in the vicinity of the target direction for the processing algorithm, which provides for an estimate of the average power of the reflected signal by the least square method. The research demonstrates the convergence of exact and approximate analytical estimates and the results of computer modeling. We present the results of studying the accuracy of determining the angular coordinates of the reflected signal for typical space-energy cases. It is shown that the estimation error of the angular coordinates of the reflected signal are unbiased, and at small intervals of the correlation of the reflected signal the probability density of estimation error of the target azimuth exhibits normal distribution. In case of large correlation intervals, the distribution significantly differs from normal and acquires a large positive kurtosis and asymmetry with their values depending on the angular differences of the interference source and the target. The obtained expressions can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of quasi-optimal radar meters in the conditions of external interference and in the complex modeling of radar facilities with such meters included.
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- 2020
45. On the integration of the methods of forming and research of images of objects against the background of noises and interference
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I. V. Kozlovsky, A. V. Malafeev, M. A. Nazarenko, V. I. Nefedov, M. T. Nguyen, N. A. Mirolyubova, and N. S. Chekalkin
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Physics ,radio signal ,infrared direction finding ,Information theory ,business.industry ,transformation ,detection ,resolution ,01 natural sciences ,objects ,010309 optics ,images ,Interference (communication) ,optical (laser) location ,0103 physical sciences ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,measurement ,recognition ,Q350-390 ,business ,General Environmental Science ,radar - Abstract
This article discusses the application of complex methods for detecting, recognizing, distinguishing borders and measuring various parameters of noisy, low-contrast, difficult-to-see images of space, air or ground objects. The problem of detecting, recognizing, distinguishing and measuring parameters of objects images (space or air objects, aircraft, ship, ground transport, people, coasts, etc.) is still among the very complex, completely unsolved radio engineering and telecommunications (“connected”) tasks. Currently, infrared (IR) direction finding, optical (laser location) direction finding and radar are used to detect, recognize, distinguish boundaries and measure the parameters of unknown objects against the background of external natural or artificial interference and noise. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, which do not always coincide. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical interest to use them jointly, multifunctionally, or integrationally to identify objects against the background of external natural or deliberate interference and noise. When applying multifunctional methods for detecting, recognizing, distinguishing borders and measuring parameters of noisy, low-contrast images of objects against the background of external natural or artificial interference and noise. Digital processing of objects is mainly used now, which can be defined as a process during which an image is: modified to obtain a new one, which will be more convenient for research by a computer, or by the human eye; it is transformed into a certain set of characteristics and parameters visible and related to the observation area that are automatically analyzed by the computer, or directly presented to a person, taking into account pre-established criteria for developing a final conclusion about the studied object. Typically, the result of digital processing of the received signals is a new image that can be easily converted to analog form and directly observed on a computer display.
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- 2020
46. Determination of Fast-Moving Objects’ Speed and Range with Linear Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave Radar Using Autocorrelation Scheme
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N. V. Sokolik
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TK7800-8360 ,Computer science ,processing algorithm ,Advanced driver assistance systems ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Signal ,law.invention ,radar system ,0203 mechanical engineering ,law ,Range (statistics) ,Radar ,Signal processing ,adas ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Autocorrelation ,linear frequency modulation continuous wave signal ,Kalman filter ,0104 chemical sciences ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,Electronics ,Frequency modulation ,Algorithm ,signal ,autocorrelation circuit - Abstract
Introduction. A hardware basis of modern Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) consists of millimeterrange radars, characterized by a relatively short range (meters – tens of meters). At the same time, improving of traffic safety requires to increase the range at least to several hundred meters. The one way to achieve such values is to increase wavelength of a probing signal, to use the centimeter range of wavelengths, for example. The paper represents a detailed description of main steps of signal processing algorithm in the model of the ADAS low-power centimeter range radar, which provides fast-moving objects speed and range definition.Aim. Development of an algorithm for estimating the range and the speed of targets by an autocorrelation radar with a wide-band continuous linear frequency modulation (linear FM) signal in order to increase the rate of the ADAS system estimates formation.Materials and methods. The proposed algorithm is based on the methods of primary and secondary digital processing of radar signals. The model of a centimeter-range autocorrelation radar with a broadband continuous linear FM probing signal was used for practical researches. MATLAB software was used to process the received signal samples.Results. The algorithm has been developed to determine the speed and the range of fast-moving objects in conditions when their movement during the evaluation interval significantly exceeds the radar range resolution. The use of simplified Kalman filtering for inter-period secondary signal processing allowed to increase significantly the stability of the algorithm. In a full-scale experiment using the low-power radar model with continuous radiation of the centimeter range, it was shown that a stable assessment of a real car speed and range was provided at a distance of at least about one kilometer.Conclusion. The results of the field experiment make it possible to draw conclusions that the proposed algorithm is highly robust even in the absence of inter-period secondary processing. Its usage allows one to improve the stability of the algorithm without considerable additional computational costs. It is possible because near-linear dynamics of the observation object and of the radar carrier makes it sufficient to use a simplified implementation of Kalman filter in the form α-β-algorithm.
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- 2020
47. Results analysis of the tests and certification of near-airfield meteorological radar complex
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K. I. Galaeva
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,cloud formations movement vector ,0207 environmental engineering ,meteorological data validation ,tests and certification ,TL1-4050 ,02 engineering and technology ,Certification ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,near-airfield ,law ,weather radar ,velocity vector field ,Environmental science ,Radar ,020701 environmental engineering ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance ,dangerous weather phenomena ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Remote sensing ,Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics - Abstract
The article presents the tasks, characteristic features, tactical and technical characteristics, the possible location and scope of the near-airfield meteorological radar complex. The analysis is made of the comparison of meteorological radar data from the near-airfield meteorological radar complex with reliable sources of meteorological information obtained during preliminary, acceptance, certification tests. The features of carrying out during the validation tests of meteorological radar data of the near-airfield meteorological radar complex are described, namely: dangerous meteorological phenomena (showers of different intensities, thunderstorms with a probability of 30-70%, 71-90%, > 90%, hail of varying degrees of intensity, squall of different intensities), velocity and direction of movement of cloud formations, vector velocity field. Examples of comparing the data of the near-airfield meteorological radar complex with data from a priori reliable sources of information are shown in the form of maps, graphs and tables. It is shown that the data of the near-airfield meteorological radar complex were obtained during testing and certification covering the warm and cold periods of the year, the sample size is statistically significant (except for the sample to assess the vector velocity field from data of aircraft and radar due to the spatial-temporal features comparing data from the two indicated information sources). It was established that the near-airfield meteorological radar complex provides acceptable in accordance with the requirements the construction quality of meteorological phenomena maps, the vector velocity field and the estimation of the cloud formations movement vector. The article illustrates the results of the statistical analysis of the data of the near-airfield meteorological radar complex, obtained personally by the author of the article. Analysis of meteorological data of the near-airfield meteorological radar complex was carried out with the aim of further exploitation of the near-airfield meteorological radar complex.
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- 2020
48. Electrodynamic Model of the Signal Scattered by the Multilayer Structure with the Use of Physical Optics and Ray Tracing Technique
- Author
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V. V. Bahchevnicov
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Electromagnetic field ,Physics ,TK7800-8360 ,business.industry ,simulation model ,Acoustics ,subsurface radar ,Simulation modeling ,multilayer structure ,Surface finish ,Polarization (waves) ,rough boundaries ,law.invention ,Superposition principle ,Software ,law ,Radar ,effective scattering area ,Electronics ,business ,MATLAB ,computer ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
Introduction. Remote monitoring of layered underlying surfaces is an urgent task. To assess the performance of new algorithms for processing the radar signal reflected from the surfaces, full-scale tests are required. As their carrying out demands big expenses, simulation modeling is actual. There are many methods of estimating an electromagnetic field (EMF) scattered by the earth's surface. However, there are no proven methods and algorithms for engineering calculation of the reflected radio signal in the conditions of this problem.Aim. The aim is to develop and to verify a software model to simulate the reflected multilayer extended structure of the radio signal received on board the aircraft.Materials and methods. The core of the model was based on high-frequency electrodynamics' methods, which allowed rapid calculation for large areas of targets with any number of layers. Simulation was produced using the MATLAB software package. The developed simulation model represented the result in the form of the normalized radar cross-section (RCS) of the multilayer structure. Since the layered structure had rough boundaries, the model provided triangulation of the boundaries of the volume-distributed object. The resulting EMF was calculated using the superposition principle. Each partial EMF value on the facet was calculated taking into account the phase and the polarization of the locally incident EMF.Results. In the paper the comparison of simulation results with theoretical calculations for the normalized RCS of a two-layer structure (difference is less than 10 percent) was presented. Verification for the coefficient of variation of the envelope of the reflected radio signal from the depth of groundwater (critical error was 7 percent) was performed. RCS modeling of the absorbing layer with different degrees of roughness of the layer boundaries was carried out. The upper boundary roughness (for maximal height deviation 0.1 m) affected on specific EPR more than lower boundary. It manifested itself in decreasing of RCS down to 30 dB.Conclusion. The developed model is intended to reduce expenses for designing synthesis of subsurface imaging systems with comparison of scheme "model of device development – field tests – completion – etc". The model is designed to verify the new signal processing algorithms for subsurface radar.
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- 2020
49. Strobing of Radar Marks for Trajectory Filtration in a Body-Fixed Frame
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Konstantin K. Vasiliev, Alexey V. Mattis, and Oleg V. Saverkin
- Subjects
TK7800-8360 ,Computer science ,Coordinate system ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,extended kalman filter ,02 engineering and technology ,Tracking (particle physics) ,law.invention ,Extended Kalman filter ,0203 mechanical engineering ,law ,021105 building & construction ,Computer vision ,strobing ,Radar ,ground speed ,climb angle ,business.industry ,Frame (networking) ,Kalman filter ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,Ground speed ,Trajectory ,Artificial intelligence ,Electronics ,business ,trajectory filtration ,course ,body-fixed frame - Abstract
Introduction. Modern air targets, particularly drones, are becoming less noticeable, while their manoeuvrability continues to improve. Trajectory processing algorithms have also been improved in order to provide for effective tracking of highly manoeuvring targets. The accuracy of filtering trajectory parameters is largely determined by the reliability of radar information. This has also required an enhanced role for strobe algorithms and the need to increase the effectiveness of strobe radar marks.Aim. To develop and investigate the efficiency of a trajectory strobe algorithm based on the target motion model in a high-speed coordinate system associated with the direction of the target motion and involving the formation of a strobe in the form of a truncated elliptical sector.Materials and methods. The study considered the target motion model in the body-fixed frame. This model was taken as the basis for new trajectory filtering algorithms based on Kalman filtering. Existing methods for strobing radar marks of the target were considered and a new approach based on filtering in the body-fixed frame proposed. The new algorithm assumes the formation of a strobe in the form of a truncated elliptical sector. This form corresponds to the most probable location of the marks of the tracked target. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions is confirmed by the results of mathematical modelling carried out using MATLAB.Results. The study produced analytical expressions for the motion model, recurrent filtering and strobe algorithm in the body-fixed frame. A comparative analysis of tracking effectiveness with the same volumes of the elliptical and proposed strobes was performed. It was established that the algorithm with strobe formation in the shape of a truncated elliptical sector provides for longer target tracking up to the time of the first loss of the mark for speed and highly manoeuvring targets, when compared to the elliptical strobe algorithm. In addition, the average duration of sector strobe tracking does not in practice depend on the initial speed of the target and provides greater accuracy for small measurement error values (less than 50 m) of the coordinates than in comparison with the elliptical one. Conclusion. The described results were achieved by the ability of the strobe in the body-fixed frame to adapt to the direction of motion and target manoeuvring, allowing high-quality target tracking within a larger speed range. Such strobe formation will also reduce the likelihood of skip-ping radar marks from the tracked target and will reduce the number of false marks belonging to other trajectories inside the strobe.
- Published
- 2019
50. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE INTERFACE DEVELOPED USING THE METHOD OF INFORMATION MODEL SYNTHESIS AT THE AUTOMATED WORKSTATION OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL MANAGER
- Author
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O. A. Kaptsevich, D. I. Rabchenok, and K. Y. Ponomarev
- Subjects
Scheme (programming language) ,Block cipher mode of operation ,Workstation ,TK7800-8360 ,Computer science ,Fragment (computer graphics) ,dispatcher performance ,Air traffic control ,air traffic control ,law.invention ,law ,Information model ,workstation ,User interface ,Radar ,Electronics ,computer ,Simulation ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
Using the method of synthesis of the information model at the automated workstation of the air traffic control dispatcher, a fragment of the user interface at the automated workstation of the radar control dispatcher of the Minsk district control center was synthesized, which allows to simulate the stages of the dispatcher's activity in the automated air traffic control system at the modern level of air traffic intensity. The verification of the adequacy and effectiveness of the synthesized user interface fragment was carried out directly with the participation of experts and specialists with experience in such systems. The adequacy of the synthesized user interface fragment was evaluated using a known consent criterion. The evaluation of the efficiency of the synthesized fragment of the user interface of the environment at the dispatcher's automated workstation was carried out under conditions of high air traffic intensity, which force the radar control dispatcher to control in critical mode of operation. Shows the advantage of a synthesized user interface fragment over an existing user interface in terms of time and accuracy. In general, the synthesized user interface fragment exceeds the existing one by about thirty percent. The synthesized user interface fragment noted the more stable activities of the subjects, as well as their better learning capability compared to the existing user interface. The developed experiment scheme allows to carry out research of engineering and psychological factors in human-machine systems of special purpose, including analysis of user interfaces at automated workstations of dispatching personnel in existing automated systems of air traffic control for their assessment and further improvement.
- Published
- 2019
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