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Collagen is a biodegradable polymer with many beneficial properties, such as high biocompatibility with skin, excellent film-forming ability, antimicrobial and antioxidant actions, etc. It has received increasing attention in various research and practical fields for its potential applications. However, the use of collagen can be problematic due to its high molecular weight, which can be resolved by hydrolysis into smaller polypeptides. Efforts have also been made to find alternative sources of collagen and its hydrolysates. One such promising source is poultry by-products rich in type I collagen, the most important collagen for practical use. This article analyzes the physico-chemical properties of collagen hydrolysates isolated from the superficial soft tissues of chicken paws. The results obtained show that the use of Neutrase yields a hydrolysate that exhibits greater surface activity at the liquid-gas interface, enhanced wetting ability, and better adhesion to hydrophobic surfaces. Therefore, it can be recommended as a multifunctional ingredient for skin care cosmetics. A cream formula with collagen hydrolysate was developed. Cream is characterized as a multiple emulsion with a moisturizing effect.

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The aim of our researches was to determine the properties of 17 Campylobacter jejuni strains that were isolated from poultry products. Methods. Isolation and identification of Campylobacter sp. we carried out by methods that are regulated by ISO 10272-1: 2007 with using biochemical markers: catalase and oxidase activity, the ability to hydrolyze of sodium hippurate. Pathogenicity of isolated cultures of Campylobacter sp. was examined on rabbits, chickens- hens of brown and white Hajseks cross, mice. Sensitivity to antibiotics was determined by disk diffusion method. Sensitivity to disinfectants was determined by method of successive serial dilutions at liquid nutrient medium. Results. The investigated bacteria were assigned to genus Campylobacter according to their morphological and culture features, ability to produce catalase and oxidase, and according to other signs. The isolates were highly sensitive to erythromycin and tylosin, they were resistant to trimethoprim, rifampicin and cephalexin. Bactericidal concentrations of disinfectants relative to C. jejuni were determined: "Bi-Des" - at 0.1%, "Brovadez-plus" - 1: 10000, formaldehyde and 1.5% "VetOks 1000" - 20%. Strains of C. jejuni were pathogenic for chickens, rabbits and white mice: LD50 of isolates - 2,0x108,72 cells/cm³. Conclusion. Isolation of 17th strains of Campylobacter jejuni from poultry products was proved. The isolates were pathogenic for chickens, and lab. animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Campylobacter jejuni is a leading member of the genus Campylobacter which cause up to 90% of laboratory confirmed cases of campylobacteriosis. The most important characteristic defining the biological features of C. jejuni is their sensitivity to antibiotics. Agricultural intensification, expansion of the range of the used disinfectants and antiseptics, uncontrolled use of antibiotics in animal production is increasingly leading to the selection of the most resistant forms of Campylobacter with antibiotic resistance and multiple virulence factors. The study of antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni isolated from food and environment need for the development of new approaches for laboratory diagnosis of campylobacteriosis and confirmation of the role of food path of transmission, for creation the system of preventive measures to reduce the risk of contamination of food by Campylobacter spp. in Russia. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic profiles of antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter spp. isolated from poultry and the environment in the poultry processing industry. In the analysis of 110 samples of raw poultry products and swabs from surfaces of the equipment 55 strains of the genus Campylobacter were selected, including 46 strains of C. jejuni. For study sensitivity of these strains to 15 antimicrobials (8 classes) disk diffusion assays were done using the EUCAST protocol. The following antibiotics were used: nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, amikacin, kanamycin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, clindamycin, lincomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, cefotaxime. All C. jejuni strains were resistant to cephalothin, which confirms their belonging to this species. 89% of the strains were insensitive to nalidixic acid, which indicates the reduction of informativeness of this test, traditionally used in the standard scheme of species identification of Саmpylobacter spp. Most of the investigated isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (96.3%) and tetracycline (88.6%), 34% of strains had resistance to erythromycin; 40% of tested C. jejuni were multi-resistant to four or more antibiotics. The data indicate a high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains among campylobacteria, contaminated poultry products during the processing of raw materials., (Copyright© GEOTAR-Media Publishing Group.)

Many studies indicate essential nature of food in maintaining health. An important factor is the consumption of a variety of essential elements, in particular vitamins. The aim was to determine the relationship of vitamin B12 levels in serum with metabolic parameters and the possibility of correction using gerodietetic meat pate. A total of 23 older people (60-80 years) were surveyed. We determined index mass body, waist circumference, biochemical indicators, vitamin B12 concentration in serum and food consumption (by frequency method). We also measured changes in these parameters under the influence of eating gerodietetic meat pate. The older adults often demonstrate deficient in vitamin B12 in the blood (about 65 % of the surveyed), which may be contributed both by its lack of dietary intake and malabsorption due to pathological changes in the digestive system. The content of vitamin B12 in the blood of the elderly has been closely linked to metabolic indicators and body mass. Using gerodietetic meat pate promoted not only the elimination of vitamin B12 deficiency, but also significantly improved the biochemical markers of protein, and especially lipid metabolism in the elderly (decreased low-density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein increased).

Authors of article have recently analyzed the frequency of prevalence and risk factors of cross-reactivity to foodstuffs among 239 children of Abakan in the age of from 6 months till 15 years with skin, respiratory and combined manifestation of atopy. It was proved that risk factors of development of cross-reactivity to food among children of the first years of life are hereditary predisposition to allergic diseases (77.8%) and early introductions of supplemental feeding (44%). Among children older then 7 years pollen sensitization (62%) which preceded the development of cross allergic reactions between separate foodstuffs reaches up to 73.7%, between pollen and foodstuff up to 79% and between epidermal and food up to 10.1%.

Serum samples from 641 workers of large poultry and meat-packing plants were studied in the passive hemagglutination test with the use of Salmonella complex and serogroup diagnostica. A specific increase in the level of anti-Salmonella antibodies in 60.7% of poultry plant workers and in 9.8% of meat-packing plant workers was established. Among the workers of the poultry plants the most pronounced immune shifts were detected in persons having contacts with sick poultry and pathological material and among the employees of the meat-packing plant, in those who ate raw sausage meat. A high level of antibodies in the professional groups under study was observed as early as in the first year of work at the plant and persisted over the whole period of this work. Under the conditions of constant contamination of the workers of poultry and meat-packing plants with small doses of salmonellae specific immunity to this infection was seemingly induced, which inhibited the development of the manifest forms of infection, but did not prevent the formation of chronic carrier state.

The clinical course and epidemiological features of campylobacteriosis in Moscow and Moscow Province in 1986-1987 are described. The specific proportion of this infection in the structure of acute enteric infections is, on the average, 4.8%. The level of Campylobacter contamination of animals and birds and their role in the spread of campylobacteriosis have been established. The possible ways and factors of the transfer of this infection are discussed.