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Males, aged from 40 to 59, were followed up during 5 years after a standard epidemiological investigation. Their mortality rate and incidence of new cases of myocardial infarction and cerebral stroke were studied against the background of active preventive program (group I), and during routine treatment (group II). Hinh prognostic importance of body mass value has been shown in respect to common mortality rate, mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases, incidence of myocardial infarction and its lethal outcomes. Difficulties in the correction of nutrition habits in middle-age subjects for decreasing their body mass, and relations between the nutrition habits and body mass were noted. Regardless of the body mass growth degree, a tendency was observed to the lowering of common and cardiovascular disease-induced mortality rates. The incidence rate of myocardial infarction in patients with excessive body mass significantly decreased. Body mass correction has been recommended in subjects aged from 40 to 49 years with body mass index 29.

In a population of males aged 40-59 years, a routine epidemiological survey was performed, which was followed by a 5-year follow-up to examine the mortality rates and incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke treated by an active prophylactic measure program (Group 1) and conventional regimen (Group 2). The total cholesterol levels of 260 mg/dl or more were found to be of highly prognostic value to death from all causes, largely cardiovascular diseases, to development of myocardial infarction, stroke, and to higher risk of fatal cases of the diseases. It was ascertained that it was difficult to modify the dietary habits in subjects of mature age. By the end of the fifth follow-up year, the examined patients from Group 1 showed a reduction in the mean level of total cholesterol and hypercholesterolemia rates, following by a decrease in total and cardiovascular mortality by 6.5 and 5.7%, respectively, the incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke and the risk of death from these complications becoming lower.