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International audience; The paper describes the evolution of the Aristotle's views on the relationship between man and the environment in the dynamics of his philosophical system. His concept of the phenomenon of the human with his psyche and a nature as a whole, is based on the empirical investigations. A multidisciplinary approach to the problem of "man-nature" distinguishes his system from the prevailing concepts of the idealism, based on the combination of the empirical investigations of natural processes with deep analysis of the socio-political processes impacting the personal development of the man.

(original in Russian). While writing term papers and/or thesis, students often deals with certain methodological difficulties caused by search for necessary data, materials and selecting the best software. This papers contributes to the question of finding optimal solutions in such problems. Namely, it suggests that all practical works at the geoscience faculties should be based on the open source GIS and data. Freely available data and resources provide effective methods for processing materials, such as thematic maps, atlases, databases and literature sources. The effectiveness of the open source approach is based on the fundamental objectivity of the GIS principles, semiotics of the cartographic visualization of the natural environment phenomena. Using open source data and tools students can effectively perform environmental analysis and assessment, for example, ecological stability of the water areas, spatial analysis of the marine and coastal ecosystems. The fundamental principle of the open source GIS lies in the availability: students can make thematic maps both in the classrooms and at home as independent young researchers. The use of open source GIS techniques for writing thesis or term papers in geographical faculties is a promising and sound scientific and practical approach, providing a high level of study intensity, transparency of the data sources.

The region of Izmir is a particular coastal part of western Turkey: it has unique landscapes with variety of vegetation types, diverse relief and natural reserve areas. At the same time, Izmir Bay is one of the most contaminated estuaries in the Mediterranean Sea. Polluted by chemical from agricultural activities and other sources, the region gradually change its natural local landscape structure and biodiversity level. The paper gives a review of current emerging ecological problems of the study area., Аннотация. Район г.Измир является уникальным прибрежным регионом Турции с ландшафтами природоохранного значения. В то же время, измирский залив является одним из самых загрязненных лиманов в Средиземном море. Естественная структура ландшафта и биоразнообразие региона, загрязненного химикатами, поступающими со сточными водами от аграрной деятельности и других источников, постепенно меняется. Доклад посвящен текущим экологическим проблемам прибрежной зоны Измира.

International audience; Current paper discusses suggestions on mapping marine areas for regional ranking and modelling environmental parameters. To perform water areas ranking it is necessary to do spatial analysis based on a set of factual and cartographic data. Physical maps are used as a basis maps for geographical and thematic zoning of the water areas. Furthermore, they are used for the environmental assessment: e.g. dynamics of pollution of the water areas by chemical elements as well as thematic maps (meteorological, hydrochemical, lithological conditions). Joint analysis of environmental factors is performed using set of the existing maps. Ranking maps of the water areas derive symbols, legends, labels, (scale) settings, coordinate systems and data sources from the combined maps created on the previous steps. Created combined maps are added to the database. All layers of the new maps are copied to the current database and reference tables are supplemented with information on the names, structure, and location of the data. The GIS tools allow to create new vector and raster layers and maps by accessing already existing, and linking them to the spatial information to identify features and relationships between the natural objects.

This work reports innovative use of the GitHub web service (http://github.com/) together with the text editor LaTeX as effective means for monitoring and tutirung the progress of student's writing a master's thesis (MSc). The paper discusses the benefits of using Github Data sharing control system as wel as LaTeX for timely review of the joint work by student and supervisor/advisor. This paper discusses the advantages of the GitHub that has traditionally being used in the ID domain in the Higher education. (in Russian)

International audience; Current short paper reports issues of of creation, structuring and formation of spatial data repository using ArcEditor software (ESRI) based on personal experience of author. The following questions are considered and briefly discussed: data storage, standardization of diverse data of various origin and created by different standards and formats, optimization of data management and data usage.; Рассмотрены вопросы создания, структуризации и формирования репозитория пространственных данных с использованием ПО ArcEditor (ESRI): хранение данных, стандартизация разрозненных данных, оптимизация управления данными и их использования.

International audience; This paper focuses on the development of the structuring geospatial data into a database and its use by their students in modules of environmental disciplines. The technique is effective for both undergraduate and graduate students of the environmental disciplines of universities. It can be used for writing standard research papers, dissertations and short papers of the environ- mental topics. The system approach of the environmental analysis is a core method in courses of ecology. It includes geo-ecological modeling using GIS, which enables to study interrelationships among the components within the ecosystems. The environmental features are based on their importance in the relationship. As demonstrated in this paper, the systematic approach is based on the organized complex database highlighting the unity of the ecosystem made of different yet interrelated parts, which helps achieving environmental knowledge and skills of students.

Данная работа представляет проведение комплексного анализа факторов антропогенного воздействия, влияющие на состояние природной среды морских экосистем, включая анализ природных взаимосвязей элементов морских экосистем и динамики природных явлений, а также анализ факторов загрязнения акваторий и закономерности распределения загрязняющих веществ на примере Баренцева моря. На исследовательском этапе работы был выполнен сбор всей доступной информации для ее организации в базе экологических данных. Был рассмотрен и обобщен существующий опыт экологического мониторинга, классифицированы основные типы антропогенных воздействий на отдельные компоненты морской экосистемы. Данная работа представляет проведение комплексного анализа факторов антропогенного воздействия, влияющие на состояние природной среды морских экосистем, включая анализ природных взаимосвязей элементов морских экосистем и динамики природных явлений, а также анализ факторов загрязнения акваторий и закономерности распределения загрязняющих веществ на примере Баренцева моря. На исследовательском этапе работы был выполнен сбор всей доступной информации для ее организации в базе экологических данных. Был рассмотрен и обобщен существующий опыт экологического мониторинга, классифицированы основные типы антропогенных воздействий на отдельные компоненты морской экосистемы. Current work presents analysis of the human induced impact factors on the sustainability of the marine environment. It includes the analysis of the interconnections between the marine ecosystems and the dynamics of the natural phenomena as well as analysis of the factors of the contamination of the sea waters and spatial patterns of this distribution with a case study of the Barents Sea. All available information on the environment of the study area has been collected and organized in a database. The paper summarized current experience of the existing environmental monitoring, classified the main types of the anthropogenic impacts on the selected parts of the marine ecosystem.

Current paper presents a research focused on the planning course «The Geography of Arctic». The course is aimed at teaching geoscience to the university students at graduate level. The particular case study is Arctic, as this region is underrepresented in the curriculum of the faculties of geography. The paper improves the study course of the geosciences in general and physical geography in particular. Данная работа поднимает вопрос о должном и достаточном ознакомлении студентов с регионом Арктики на примере комплексного изучения уникальной гидродинамической системы Северного Ледовитого океана. Арктический бассейн характеризуется уникальными природно-экологическими условиями, богатым разнообразием биологических ресурсов, сложным гидрологическим режимом. Одновременно, он в значительной степени подвержен негативному антропогенному воздействию, последствия которого приводят к серьезным изменениям в состоянии и функционировании морских экосистем бассейна в силу крайне низких темпов биохимических процессов, способствующих их самовосстановлению и реорганизации.

International audience; The paper discusses and suggests recommendations for mapping, environmental assessment, ranking and prognosis of possible changes in the ecosystems of the Barents sea water area by levels of the anthropogenic pressure based on GIS. The methodological guidelines have been developed for the implementation of the Barents sea zoning, taking into account risk of the environmental crises associated with anthropogenic activities. The raw data suggests to include following information: physical and geographical features and characteristics of the water areas, distribution and chemical activity of the pollutants entering the water area, the extent of their effects. The data should be integrated into the GIS project.; В работе подготовлены рекомендации для составлении оценочной кар- ты экологического ранжирования акватории Баренцева моря по уровню антропогенной нагрузки и прогнозирования возможных изменений на ос- нове ГИС. Разработаны методические указания к проведению райониро- вания Баренцева моря с учетом риска возникновения кризисных экологиче- ских ситуаций, связанных с антропогенной деятельностью. Исходные материалы включают физико-географические особенности акватории, данные о распространении и химической активности загрязнителей, по- ступающих в пределы акватории, а также о масштабах их воздействия, которые интегрируются в среде GIS.

International audience

ISBN: 978-5-87203-374-5; International audience; Current work reports a case study of using ILWIS GIS for satellite image classification aimed at agricultural monitoring. Two Landsat TM scenes for 1992 and 2006 years have been compared and changes analysed. It has been illustrated that land cover types changes in the past decades which is caused by various environmental factors. The distributed habitats of agricultural landscapes and different crops cultivated in the foothills of the Mecsek hills, in 1992 and 2006 were interpreted based on the methods of raster images segmentation. This includes association of pixels into different thematic classes: vegetation, different categories of agricultural land agriculture and anthropogenic territories. This work contributes to the development of optimal algorithms of the agricultural monitoring. It furthermore details technical aspects of the GIS mapping applied for environmental monitoring: mapping soil and vegetation land cover types. Finally, the methods applied in this work enabled to perform recognition of different crop types on the satellite images based on pixel classification: wheat, barley, maize, sunflower, sugar beet, potatoes.; Настоящая статья представляет опят использования ILWIS GIS для обработки данных дистанционного зондирования в целях картографирования аграрных ландшафтов. В результате работы распределены ареалы сельскохозяйственных ландшафтов и различных культур посевных в предгорьях холмов Мечек в 1992 и 2006 гг. Типы растительного покрова были интерпретированы на основе ассоциации пикселей в различные тематические классы: растительность, различные категории сельскохозяйственных земель аграрного назначения и антропогенных территорий. Детализируя технические аспекты картографического отображения почвенно-растительного покрова, в частности распознавания различных посевных культур по спутниковым снимкам (пшеница, ячмень, маис, подсолнечник, сахарная свекла, картофель), это работа вносит вклад в развитие сельскохозяйственного экологического мониторинга.

International audience

Final report for the student internship at Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Institut für Digitale Bildverarbeitung, Graz, Austria.