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The most sensitive to temperature changes, especially in winter and spring, are annual magnolia shoots, as evidenced by the formation of frost on plants. Therefore, for the successful introduction of magnolia in the temperate climate of Ukraine, it is necessary to select species capable of restructuring their physiological processes in the direction of increasing cold resistance, which will facilitate their adaptation in new conditions. The analysis conducted to determine the features of winter-hardy species of the Magnolia genus in the Vinnitsa conditions shows that not all species of the genus can tolerate the climatic conditions of the region, and especially the winter period. According to the conducted observations, the beginning of shoot growth in the magnolia in the conditions of Vinnitsa is observed during the month of April. In species such as Magnolia kobus D.C., Magnolia obovata Thunb., Magnolia acuminata L., shoot growth begins in the first decade of Аpril. In the second decade of April, the growth of shoots of Magnolia Soulangeanа Soul. begins. In the third decade of April – the first decade of May, shoots begin to grow actively in Magnolia tripetala L. The terms of the end of the growth period and its duration vary greatly and depend on the geographical origin and species-specific features of the species, but, mainly, the magnolias introduced in Vinnitsa, finish their increment in length in the II–III decade of September – Magnolia soulangeanа Soul., Magnolia tripetala L. In the species Magnolia kobus DC, Magnolia obovata Thunb., Magnolia acuminata L. shoot growth ends in the third decade of August and the first decade of September. According to the 7-point Woolf winter hardiness scale, it was found that the highest winter hardiness in the conditions of VNAU biostationary (1 point) is possessed by species such as magnolia (M. obovata Thunb.), Kobus (M. kobus DC) and pointed (M. acuminata L.). Somewhat less winter hardiness is characterized by (2 points) Magnolia Soulange (M. soulangiana Soul.), That is, in winter freezing was less than 50 % of annual shoots, and the damage of annual shoots with low negative temperatures was 3–5 cm. The lowest winter hardiness in biostable conditions UNAU (5 points) is noted magnolia triple (M. tripetala L.), the damage of the plant was up to the level of snow cover (almost 80 % of habitus). Deciduous species of the genus are winter-hardy, but in severe winters, such as Magnolia Sulange (M. soulangiana Soul.), Stellate (M. stellata (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.), Flower buds and annual shoots can be damaged. It is also important that with age magnolia increases not only the abundance of flowering, its duration, but also winter hardiness.

With thirty deciduous and nine evergreen species, Asia is considered as the main area for distribution of Magnolia L. s. l. For more than 150 years, the East Asian magnolias are being cultivated on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus; mainly it is Magnolia kobus DC., M. liliiflora Desr., and M. x soulangeana Soul.-Bod. As of the beginning of 2016, around nineteen species and a number of hybrid magnolias and garden forms are being cultivated in the region. With the exception of M. cylindrica E. H. Wilson, M. delavayi Franch., M. denudata Desr., M. kobus DC, M. liliiflora Desr., M. stellata (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim., and hybrid magnolias, achieved with participation of these species (M. x loebneri Kache, M. x lennei Van Houtt. and M. x soulangeana Soul. - Bod.), other taxa are represented by single species. An introductory research allowed us to get an idea on the perspectives of possible introduction of East Asian magnolias on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. Based on the results of a comparison study of M. delavayi Franch. stomatographies, its pink-flowered form, and M. carpunii M. S. Romanov & A. V. F. Ch. Bobrov, the last taxon was proved to be a separate specie. The climate of sixteen Chinese provinces, Japan and South Korea is similar to the climate to the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus; nineteen local magnolia species have good prospect for their future introduction in this region. Another promising group of fifteen magnolia species grows in the mountains at a height of 1000 meters. Based on our research, we can expect adaptivity of the introduced species to be quite high; fifteen species are recognized as promising for the future introduction, among them seven species with the biggest potential for introduction: Magnolia amoena W. C. Cheng, M. concinna Law. & R. Z. Zhou, M. dawsoniana Rehd. & E. H. Wilson, M. globosa Hook. f. & Thoms., M. jigongshanensis T. B. Chao & al., M. multiflora M. C. Wang & C. L. Min and M. rostrata W. W. Smith.

Has been described the phenology of deciduous magnolias growing ex situ in botanical gardens of Acad. O.V Fomin SRC "Institute of Biology" National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv and the University and Latvia (Riga). 9 species, 1 variety and 3 hybrids identical for both collections of botanical gardens were selected and used for phenological observations. The studied plants were resistant to winter and summer climatic factors, were marked the parameters that determine their plasticity in less precipitation in Ukraine and Latvia, as compared to the places of their natural habitat, and expanding the use of exotic species in landscaping design of the megapolises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The species and composition structures of Sad Magnoliy collection of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Gardens of the NAS of Ukraine are shown.

It has been established that the peculiarities of the formation of ground and strengthening tissues of annual shoots of different magnolias species influence significantly on the processes of their successful wintering under the introduction in the O.V. Fomin Botanical Garden of Kyiv National University. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The variability of morphometrie characteristics of the cleistothecia of fungus Erysiphe magnifica on different species from the genus Magnolia L. has been considered. It has been shown that on the different nutrient plants are forming the micropopulations of fungus which are notable for the cleistothecia parameters frequency of distribution and variability of their indices. The invasion activity of fungus increases in Conditions of the Botanical garden, it damages 8 species of plants of the genus Magnolia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]