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National nature protection on the territory of the present Estonia as well as in Europe started to take shape about the end of the 19th century. The first Estonian nature conservation act was passed in 1935 and the more general nature safeguarding act in 1938. The acts remained legal in the Soviet period as well to be substituted by the act “On the conservation of the nature of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic” in 1957. This act confirmed the list of protected species of the flora and fauna, all eagle species among them. After the restoration of independence the “Protected Natural Object Act” was passed in 1994. The act listed all species under protection and defined general regulation for their conservation. The same principles have been transferred to the “Nature Conservation Act” passed in 2004 and in force at present.