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The genus Allium L. (Amaryllidaceae), the most numerous among monocotyledonous plants, includes such economically important vegetable crops as onion (A. cepa), garlic (A. sativum) and leek (A. porrum). Leek has a high taste and proven valuable dietary properties and is one of the most popular vegetable crops in Western Europe. Despite a high importance of leek as a vegetable, this species is rarely the subject of molecular genetic studies. The genetic diversity of leeks has never been studied before. Therefore, in this work, we studied the nuclear variability (AFLP) and the chloroplast (nucleotide sequence analysis) genomes using a broad sample. For this work, 65 leek accessions were selected from the collection of the Scientific Center of Vegetable Crops, which included varieties of domestic and foreign breeding. As a result of an AFLP analysis and processing of the DNA spectra obtained, 760 fragments were identified, of which 716 were polymorphic for the leek accessions being analyzed. The calculated genetic distances between the leek samples varied from 0.4 to 0.76, which is comparable to the intraspecific polymorphism of related Allium species (onions, garlic). Analysis of the genomic structure with STRUCTURE 2.3.4 divided the leek samples into seven groups, which generally coincides with the clustering of these samples. To assess the variability of the chloroplast genome, nine sites of the chloroplast genome were sequenced in the leek samples, both non-coding (intergenic spacers rpl32-trnL, ndhJ-trnL, and intron rps16 gene), and protein coding genes (psaA, psaB, psbA, psbB, psbE, petB). The analysis of the sites of the leek chloroplast genome revealed an extremely low level of their polymorphism, only six SNPs were detected in the studied sequences with a total length of about 10,500 bp. Thus, as a result of this work, a high level of polymorphism of the leek nuclear genome was revealed, while the polymorphism of the chloroplast genome was extremely low.

The paper is devoted to analysis of genome variability of African swine fever (ASF) virus isolates recovered in the Russian Federation territory. Complete nucleotide sequences of the following ASF virus isolate genomes were obtained by pyrosequencing: Kashino 04/13, Odintsovo 02/14 and Karamzino 02/13. Multiple single insertions and deletions as well as distinctly localized two tandem repeats were found by comparative analysis of genomes of the said isolates and Georgia 2007/1 isolate. Notably that 17-nucleotide tandem repeat was detected in 9R/10R intergenic region of MGF505 multigene family in genomes of Shikhobalovo 10/13 and Karamzino 02/13 isolates for the first time.

Described is the first-ever experience in genome analysis use in SAET mobile complex facilities, obtained during the XXVII World-wide Summer Universiade in Kazan, 2013. Carried out was 16S rRNA sequencing of Salmonella enteric strain isolated from an infected. For that matter, employed was “MicroSEQ 500 16S rDNA Bacterial Identification Kits” (Applied Biosystems, USA), which allows for sequencing of DNA fragments (500 bp) of 16S rRNA gene in the bacteria under investigation.