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The differences between Belarusian women’s perceptions of safety, as well as the links between these perceptions with victimization and social gender have been analyzed. The purpose of the study is to identify the peculiarities of women’s perceptions of safety, considering its relationship with victimization and social gender. Methods used: analysis and synthesis, method of interview and psychological testing, results processing and generalization, tabular, etc. The psychological safety perceptions assessment has been studied with the help of N.E. Kharlamenkova’s psychological safety questionnaire and victimization with the help of V.P. Sheinov’s methodology, to determine gender-role peculiarities the masculinity-femininity scale from the Freiburg Personality Inventory (FPI) was used. The sample included 590 women aged 18 to 60 years old. Differences in perceptions of psychological safety among women of different age groups have been revealed. It has been shown that for women security is associated with such concepts as peace in their country, reliability, health, and control of the situation. Adult women also associate safety with compliance with norms and rules, possession of information, and a reliable companion. For young girls, security is also associated with a sense of comfort, trust, and lack of anxiety. Perceptions of safety differ between feminine and masculine women. It has been shown that feminine-type women associate safety with their qualities and abilities, and masculine-type women associate it with the attitude to solving personal safety problems with the help of psychological strength and orientation to independence.

The aim of the study. To assess the characteristics of the menstrual cycle and ovulation disorders in girls aged 15–17 years.Materials and methods. The study was carried out in 2022–2023 in the Murmansk region in Apatity. A total of 225 girls with average age of 16.5 ± 0.03 years took part in the study. The characteristics of the menstrual cycle and ovulation disorders were studied according to the guidelines of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.Results of the study. In the study group, the onset of menarche (13.1 years) is observed at a later age compared to the girls living in other regions of Russia and neighboring countries (12.6–12.9 years). Every seventh girl has an irregular menstrual cycle, every fifth girl has a cycle duration of more than 38 days. Heavy menstruation occurs in every third girl, intermenstrual uterine bleeding – in every thirteenth girl. Half of the girls have painful periods (dysmenorrhea). Among ovulation disorders, the most common is abnormal uterine bleeding – 34.7 %. Also, intermenstrual uterine bleeding (8.0 %), primary amenorrhea (2.7 %) and polycystic ovary syndrome (1.3 %) are registered. Among gynecological pathology, in addition to ovulation disorders, we registered vulvovaginal candidiasis and paraurethral cyst.Conclusion. The analysis of the obtained results showed that only 20.4 % of girls do not have gynecological pathology, which to a certain extent indicates a low level of reproductive health of girls. Asaresult, it is necessary to diagnose and treat diseases which can cause the development of ovulation disorders more carefully and at earlier stages of sexual development. The work was carried out as part of the research topic No. FMEZ-2022-0012.

Background. The prevalence of obesity among children is increasing, which is a serious healthcare problem. In healthcare, the problem of motivation affects an important area that reflects its effectiveness – patient motivation for treatment. A decrease in treatment motivation reduces therapeutic effect, increases the complication rate of the underlying disease, reduces the quality of life of patients and increases treatment costs.The aim of the work. To identify the differences in treatment motivation in adolescent girls with obesity.Materials and methods. The pilot study was carried out at the clinic of the Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems. The study included 40 girls aged 14–16 years suffering from grade 1 obesity. To study treatment motivation, we used the following methods: J. Nuttin’s, D. McClelland’s, S.R. Panteleev’s, J.K. Collins’, method of the self-conception research, the “Type of Attitude Towards the Disease” method; attitude towards the disease.Results. The study showed that the adolescents who were admitted into hospital for the first time had higher treatment motivation during the study than the adolescents who were readmitted into hospital. The adolescents who were readmitted into hospital felt guilty remorse, anxious suspiciousness, and fear of failure. The dominant type of treatment motivation in both groups consisted of the following attitudes: achieving symptomatic improvement; receiving a “secondary gain” from the disease; other motivation (passive position).Conclusion. The obtained data from the study of treatment motivation in adolescent girls with obesity can be used to optimize the process of therapy of such patients in a hospital setting.

Background. The study relevance is due to a decrease in publication activity in relation to the object of research in the last 10 years (according to the professional information database LENS.ORG) by 12% compared to the previous decade, while social demand remains high. Objectives. The goal is to identify differences in the structural components of body image, as well as factors involved in its formation in adolescent girls with different body mass indexes and gynecological diseases. Study Participants. 31 teenage girls aged 11–17 years (Mage = 14.06, SD = 2.02 years), having a confirmed gynecological disease according to ICD-10 (menstrual irregularities, inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, benign tumors of the pelvic organs and mammary glands). Methods. The study used the author's questionnaire, consisting of 3 substantive blocks of questions (socio-demographic; somatic, socio-psychological data) and 4 psychodiagnostic techniques: Body Image Questionnaire by O.A. Skugarevsky and S.V. Sivukha; SIBID questionnaire (Thomas F. Cash) adapted by L.T. Baranskaya and S.S. Tataurova; Nonverbal technique for assessing satisfaction with body areas (SBS) Meshkova T.A., Neuropsychological tests for somatognosis (right-left orientation in the body diagram, idea of body size in space). Results. Statistically significant differences in the level of dissatisfaction with both their own body and body parts were revealed between the groups of adolescent girls with different BMI values. At the level of somatosensory gnosis, both groups showed disturbances in quasi-spatial orientation (orientation in their own body), which manifested themselves in mirroring errors and difficulty transferring the spatial organization of hand posture in the horizontal and vertical planes of right-left orientation. Statistically significant direct relationships were revealed between BMI values and indicators of dissatisfaction with their own body and situational dissatisfaction with body image. Significant relationships between BMI and the time spent in the digital space, the number of subscribers in social networks, school performance, and diet were revealed. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, a significant correlation between body mass index indicators in adolescent girls with gynecological diseases with such indicators as satisfaction/dissatisfaction with their own body and their body image, time spent in the digital space and the number of subscribers, school performance, as well as diet was revealed.

Objective: to study the deep and skin temperatures of the knee joint by microwave radiothermometry (RTM) in healthy girls of comparable age in the pre- and pubertal periods. Materials and methods: the study was carried out in the "Problem Scientific Laboratory of Physical Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment" of Rostov State Medical University and the children's health camp "Mir" (Krasny Desant village, Rostov region). It was 45 girls aged 12 years, taking into account gender development, divided into two groups: 1st gr. (n=28) — prepubertal period; 2nd gr. (n =17) — puberty. RTM of the knee joints was performed according to a certain scheme using the MWR2020 system (ex RTM-01-RES) (Moscow, Great Britain). Results: in the groups, the color fields of deep and skin temperature, when compared, are characterized by a slight geometric and color transformation are similar to each other; the lowest temperature is noted in the projection of the patella. Temperature fields of thermoasymmetry make it possible to reveal temperature differences in groups of subjects. In the 2-nd group, there are also higher growth and weight indicators, lower deep and skin temperature in almost all areas of the knee joint, fluctuations reach 0.4 –1.4 ° C. Conclusion: a decrease in temperature in the knee joints in pubertal girls with a relatively mature menstrual cycle reflects general changes in hormonal regulation in this period of development. When forming the temperature indicators of healthy girls, it is necessary to take into account the hormonal processes of puberty with division into groups of pre- and pubertal periods of development.

The object of the study: to study the dynamics of erythrocyte parameters in 2nd and 3rd year students with different levels of physical activity.Materials and methods: the venous blood of 56 students served as the material: 29 girls and 27 boys aged 18 to 22 years. With the help of a questionnaire, all the subjects were divided into 3 groups depending on the level of physical fitness (LPF). The red blood cells (RBC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), the concentration of hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), the mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), the red cell distribution of width (RDW) were determined.Results: the highest values of indicators HGB, RBC and HCT were observed in students with high LPF. The highest values were recorded of the MCV, MCH, MCHC and RDW With an average LPF. High values of HGB, RBC and HCT with high LPF and indicators of the MCV, MCHC and RDW with average LPF prevailed in the 2nd year. Young men had an increase in the values of HGB, RBC, HCT, MCH with low LPF and an increase in MCV and RDW at an average level in the 3rd year. Statistically significant differences were found between the 2nd and 3rd year girls in terms of RDW with an average LPF.Conclusion: with an increase in LPF, there is an increase in erythrocyte parameters. The dynamics of erythrocyte parameters depends on the level of physical activity, gender and the course of study.

Introduction and purpose: Poisoning among children and adolescents is occurring on an ever-increasing scale. Women are particularly susceptible to intentional poisoning, and they predominate in the statistics of self-poisoning. The aim of the study is to analyze cases of poisoning in girls under 18 years of age hospitalized in the Clinical Toxicology and Cardiology Department of the Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski Regional Hospital in Lublin in 2022, taking into account the type of substance ingested, the place of residence of the patients and comorbidities. Material and methods: The study was retrospective in nature. It used the analysis of medical records of 84 cases of intoxication in girls under 18 years of age. Results: During the time period studied, 84 girls aged 13-18 were hospitalized for poisoning. Most of the cases were urban residents (64.3%). The toxic substances causing poisoning were mainly drugs (63.1%), narcotics (17.9%) and ethanol (17.8%). Poisoning of an intentional nature involved 80 (95.2%) cases, 37 (44%) cases were suicide attempts. In 54 (64.3%) cases, the patient was burdened with a mental illness, the most common being depressive disorders. There were no deaths in the study group. Conclusions: Due to the increasing phenomenon of mental disorders, as well as intentional poisoning among adolescent girls, special emphasis should be placed on psychological care, pedagogical care, of girls in adolescence. This is the time when girls have problems with acceptance of their bodies, with acceptance among peers. Parents and teachers should be made aware of this.

Introduction. The article provides data on the prevalence of internet-addicted behavior. Aims. The purpose of the article is to analyze studies devoted to addiction and problematic use of the Internet among girls and young women in the Russian Federation. Methods. The review is based on national researches and international monitoring projects, which include analysis of the situation in Russia. Results. The key gender features of Internet addiction, specific to girls and young women, mentioned in the article are: vulnerability to the formation of Internet addictive behavior in the presence of emotional distress signs (alexithymia, fear of negative evaluation, social anxiety); more pronounced manifestations of addictive behavior, including compulsive symptoms, withdrawal symptoms and tolerance, as well as mood changes, irritability, anxiety, depression and anxiety. The measures for the internet- addiction that have good predictive validity are presented (the CIAS (Chen Internet Addiction Scale), validated on a sample of young Russian adults in 2021; the GPIUS2 (Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale 2), validated among adolescents and youth in 2018).

The article features the physical self-esteem in teenagers who use different types of avatars in social networks. The empirical data were collected by using questionnaire methods, which involved the modified Dembo-Rubinstein scale, A. G. Cherkashina’s methodology for studying self-attitude to the image of one’s physical self, and a questionnaire of social net experience. The study involved 78 teenagers aged 15–18, including 35 girls and 43 boys. The obtained data were subjected to the Mann-Whitney test and a multivariate MANOVA analysis. The physical self-esteem appeared to correlate with the type of avatar. Teenagers who used their personal photo rated their external characteristics higher and found external attractiveness very important. The girls who used their own photo as an avatar image demonstrated a smaller discrepancy between the current self-assessment of external attractiveness and ideas about their ideal image. The girls who chose non-human images as their avatars had significant discrepancies between the Real Me and the Ideal Me. For the boys who used non-human avatars, the significance of anatomical characteristics was lower, while the discrepancy between the Real Me and the Ideal Me was less obvious than in the same group of girls. The research indicated the diagnostic possibilities of using teenagers’ avatars to study their physical self-esteem.

The aim of the study is to determine the degree of risk of eating disorders in girls of primary school age. The relevance of this issue is related to the earlier occurrence of a number of problems that are traditionally typical for adolescence. Procedure and methods. The study involved 68 girls aged 8—9 years studying in the 3rd grades of the school; the comparison group consisted of students of the 6th grades — 71 teenage girls aged 11—12 years. The following methods were used: Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (the “risk of eating disorders” scale), Body Appreciation Scale, Figure Rating Scale, Dembo-Rubinstein self-esteem scales. Results. It is shown that girls in primary school and adolescence have similar indicators of the risk of eating disorders, a tendency to thinness, a real and ideal body image, i.e. the problem under consideration, previously characteristic of adolescent girls, now requires attention in relation to girls who have not reached puberty. At the same time girls of primary school age are more satisfied with their bodies than teenagers. A significant negative correlation has been established between the risk of eating disorders and self-esteem, in particular, self-esteem of beauty (external attractiveness), abilities, self-confidence and happiness. High self-esteem can serve as a personal resource that helps reduce the risk of eating disorders at this age.

Purpose: to study of the peculiarities of self-assessment of physical development of schoolchildren aged 11-13 in the gender dimension. Material and methods: a set of research methods was used to solve the set tasks: theoretical (analysis, comparison, generalization, systematization); psychological-diagnostic (EV Bochenkova's questionnaire "Self-description of physical development", S. Bem's test-questionnaire "Masculinity - femininity"); generally accepted methods of mathematical statistics with the calculation of arithmetic means. Results: considers the peculiarities of the perception of their physical development of boys and girls 11-13 years, their gender identity (femininity, masculinity, androgyny) and identifies the impact of gender identity of students on the level of their overall self-esteem of physical development. Conclusions: the results of self-assessment of physical development and physical fitness of students gave us the opportunity to analyze the interdependence of the general level of self-esteem of students and their individual gender characteristics. It was found that the overall self-esteem of boys is influenced by more indicators than that of girls. Inflated self-esteem of physical development is mainly boys - representatives of masculine and androgynous psychological types.

Aim. The aim of this work was to study the effectiveness of the piracetam electrophoresis application in the complex sanatoriumresorttreatment of girls with amenorrhea. Material and methods. 56 girls aged 12 to 17 years were under observation, who were treated in the gynecological department ofthe children’s clinical sanatorium “Zdravnitsa”. Primary amenorrhea was recorded in 15 girls, secondary amenorrhea in 41. Long-termresults of sanatorium-resort treatment were studied in 8 girls with secondary amenorrhea. The control group consisted of 20 healthygirls, comparable in age, who underwent hormonal studies. Results. Upon admission to the sanatorium, the main complaint of all girls was the absence of menstruation, many had chronicinflammatory pathology of the ENT organs and pathology of the musculoskeletal system. There was a decrease in ovarian steroidogenesis,while hypoestrogenism was observed in the majority of patients. Girls with amenorrhea are characterized by a high levelof vertigo, an average level of anxiety, fatigue and a fairly low level of irritability. After the sanatorium-resort treatment, an improvementin the general condition of the girls was noted; during their stay in the sanatorium, menstruation was observed in 4 girls withsecondary amenorrhea. After the treatment, a significant positive dynamics of steroid and peptide hormones was revealed in girlswith primary and secondary amenorrhea. In girls with secondary amenorrhea, the ratio of LH/FSH approached the physiological one,but remained significantly higher than normal indicators. Under the influence of sanatorium-resort treatment, the level of adrenalinein the urine normalized in all girls with primary amenorrhea, and in the majority with secondary amenorrhea. There was a positivedynamics of the girls’ psycho-emotional state. According to the long-term results data of sanatorium-resort treatment, the restorationof menstrual function was observed within a year in half of the girls with secondary amenorrhea. Conclusion. The use of the 5% piracetam solution electrophoresis in a complex sanatorium-resort treatment of girls with amenorrheaimproved the general health of girls, normalized hormonal levels and restored menstrual function in half of the girls with secondaryamenorrhea within a year after a course of treatment in the sanatorium.

The article presents the results of a study of psychological adaptation in patients with cardiac pathology against the background of connective tissue dysplasia, conducted at the Regional Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care in Vladivostok. It was hypothesized that patients with concomitant connective tissue dysplasia will have lower adaptive capacity than patients without this syndrome. The study involved 32 girls 16–18 years old (M=16.72; SD=0.41) with cardiovascular pathology on the background of connective tissue dysplasia and 32 girls of the same age (M=16.78; SD=0.40) with cardiovascular disease without connective tissue dysplasia. To assess the severity of adaptive capabilities, the following methods were used: the Questionnaire of socio-psychological adaptation (A.K. Osnitsky, 2004), the Multi-level Personality Questionnaire "Adaptability" developed by А.G. Maklakov and S.V. Chermyanin, the Communicative Tolerance Questionnaire (V.V. Boyko), K. Ryff's scale of Psychological Well-being adapted by N.N. Lepeshinsky, the Oxford Happiness Inventory adapted by A. Lisitsina (2003). The significant intergroup differences (p

Introduction The nutritional status of children and adolescents is widely commented on. On the one hand. the number of people with excess body weight is growing. and on the other hand. the problem of malnutrition is becoming more and more visible. The aim of the study was to determine the fifteen-year changes in body height and BMI. including the frequency of underweight in girls living in towns and villages of the Lubelskie and Podlaskie voivodships. Material and methods For this study. the results of 7759 girls aged 10-12 were used. Information on the date of birth and the environmental conditions in which the respondents grew up was collected using the survey method. Body height and weight were measured. On their basis. BMI was calculated. In the groups of calendar age. the arithmetic means and standard deviation for body height and BMI were calculated at individual test dates. The statistical significance of differences between the teams was verified by the Anova analysis of variance and the Newmann-Keuls test. Results In the analyzed period. a significant increase in body height and BMI was found in girls. Higher values ​​of the secular trend of body height were found in female urban dwellers compared to rural girls. The percentage of underweight in 2006 and 2016 was similar for girls from different backgrounds. However. in 2021 it was higher for female residents of the village. Conclusion The obtained results indicate the necessity to conduct systematic studies to assess the nutritional status of adolescents.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare immune-mediated chronic disease that, when inadequately treated, leads to progressive liver damage, which in turn leads to cirrhosis, liver failure, or death. Features of physical and sexual development of girls with AIH at puberty are little studied. The objective: to determine the characteristics of physical and sexual development of girls with autoimmune hepatitis in puberty period. Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical and paraclinical examination of 66 adolescent girls of the group AIH with autoimmune hepatitis and 180 conditionally somatically healthy girls of the control group aged 12-17 years was performed. The examination included clinical and anamnestic data, anthropometry, biochemical examination of liver function, determination of serum autoantibodies, markers of viral hepatitis, ultrasound and elastography of the hepatobiliary system, liver biopsy followed by histological examination of biopsy, assessment. Results. Age-related changes in body length and body weight, chest circumference, waist and hips among girls with AIH were characterized by a significant lag at all stages of pubertal development. In patients with AIH, the onset of pubertal development was manifested by the development of mammary glands to the stage of Mal in 43.94% of girls, the previous appearance of puberty to thelarchein 34.85% of patients, and in 21.21% of patients noted simultaneous puberty and thelarche. Delayed development of sexual characteristics was manifested in 12-, 13- 14-, 15-, 16- and 17-year-old girls with AIH by a decrease in the score of sexual development in all age categories compared to the same indicator in the respective age control groups: respectively 3.21 ± 0.40 vs 4.94 ± 0.37 points, 3.46 ± 1.00 vs 7.91 ± 0.58, 7.03 ± 1.44 vs 11.08 ± 0.25, 7.80 ± 0, 65 vs 11.86, 10.65 ± 0.79 vs 11.98. In the examined girls with AIH during puberty, such disorders of menstrual function were noted as: primary amenorrhea in 7.58% of cases, secondary amenorrhea – in 6.06%, oligomenorrhea – in 27.27%, opsomenorrhea– in 27.27%, juvenile uterine bleeding – in 9.09%, dysmenorrhea – in 31.82%, a combination of various disorders – in 18.18%. Conclusions. The presence of antinuclear antibodies, antibodies to microsomes of the liver and kidneys type 1, antibodies to smooth muscle, disorders of enzymatic, protein-forming, antitoxic, cytolytic activity of the liver in girls with autoimmune hepatitis is accompanied during puberty by a high frequency of abnormalities. formation of inverted puberty, delayed sexual development and delayed onset of menarche for 10-11 months, frequent menstrual disorders.

The results of an empirical study of the image of the father in older adolescents living in the territory of the Republic of Tyva have been outlined. Our research is devoted to the image of the father in the Republic of Tyva. The contradictions of the mental mechanisms of the image of the father are currently changing from the traditional image of the father as a man and as a parent. The results of an empirical study of the image of the father in older adolescents 15–16 years of age from full and incomplete families of different types have been presented in the article. During the study V. L. Sitnokov’s Human Image Structure (Hierarchical) method was used. This method allows you to identify the structure of the image of the father in adolescents from full and incomplete families of different types in the Republic of Tyva.

Objective: To study the state of the patient’s gynaecological status, who sustained appendicular peritonitis in childhood Methods: There were 154 girls and women who sustained diffuse appendicular peritonitis between 3 to 15 years old. Patients were operated between 1998 to 2014, contained the main group (n=104; 67.5%). 50 (32.5%) patients operated between 1990 to 1997 years were included to the control group. In patients of the main group, a complex of anti-adhesive measures was carried out according to the technique developed by authors. Patients of control group were operated according to the traditional, generally accepted approaches. Catamnesis data were analyzed between 2 and 15 years after surgical interventions. Results: In the long-term period, the 154 patients have conducted a comprehensive diagnostic of the reproductive function. Normal regular menstruation was observed in 120 (81.1%) patients, in 82 (83.7%) of the main group, and 38 (76%) – in the control group. The others have reported various violations of menstrual functions: (dis-, oligo- and polymenorrhea). In the ultrasound, cystic changes in ovaries show 24.4% in the control group; and in 17.5% in the main group; pelvic adhesions in 26.7% and 15%, respectively. 42 female of the control group and 24 of the main group underwent echohysterosalpingoscopy and hysterosalpingography. Different forms of the fallopian tubes abnormalities in the control group were 50%, whereas the patients of the main group have 29.2%. The luteinizing hormone level was below in the main group. The level of progesterone and estradiol was also lower in the main group than in the control group. Conclusion: Analysis of the causes of reproductive system disorders showed that the history of appendicular peritonitis in childhood, is possibly one of the factors in the development of tubal and peritoneal forms of infertility in the long-term period.

Along with the increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity, diseases associated with unhealthy morbid obesity, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are also on the rise. How NAFLD affects the hormonal profile in adolescent girls has not been studied enough. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the features of the endocrine status of adolescent girls with NAFLD and obesity. Material and methods. From 2010 to 2020, 300 patients aged 12–17 years were monitored, including 120 patients with NAFLD and metabolically unhealthy obesity and 180 conditionally somatically healthy girls with normal sexual development with normal body weight. Clinical examination, biochemical assessment of the functional state of the liver and its morphostructure were performed. Determination of the level of peripheral blood serum hormones was performed by immunochemical method with chemiluminescent detection. Results. Endocrine status of girls with NAFLD and obesity was characterized by an increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) - 9.89 ± 0.18 vs. 5.13 ± 0.08 μIU / ml (pConclusions. Endocrine status of girls with NAFLD and unhealthy morbid obesity during puberty is characterized by increased secretion of gonadotropins, prolactin and TSH, decreased levels of estradiol, progesterone, thyroid hormones against the background of a moderate increase of androgens, insulin and insulin resistance.

Vitamin D undergoes important biotransformation and inactivation in the liver. Because vitamin D is metabolized in the liver, abnormal vitamin D metabolism can be expected to be associated with chronic liver disease, including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in puberty was the justification for the objective of the study– to determine the characteristics of vitamin D supply in girls of puberty age with AIH with autoimmune hepatitis during this period. Materials and methods. To solve this goal, a comprehensive clinical and paraclinical examination of 66 girls withAIH and 180 relatively healthy girls of the control group aged 12-17 years. The complex included clinical and anamnestic data, biochemical study of liver function, determination of serum autoantibodies and markers of viral hepatitis, the level of 25- (OH) D in blood serum, ultrasound and elastography of the hepatobiliary system organs, liver biopsy. Results. The mean level of vitamin 25 (OH) D in the serum of girls with AIH of pubertal age was 17.14 ± 1.06 vs. 23.27 ± 0.53 ng / ml in the control (p 9 points, the share of patients with vitamin D deficiency was 79.41% compared with 53.13% of cases among girls with AIH, where the histological activity index was 2=5.13; pConclusions. Cytolysis, cholestasis, mesenchymal-inflammatory syndrome, hepatocellular insufficiency in AIH in girls of puberty agedevelops against the background of reduced vitamin D supply, which depends on the histological activity of the disease.

Chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) is more than 70% of the total number of children with chronic hepatitis, and in the population - 0.5%. Adolescents are the most vulnerable group of the population due to the physiological and psychological characteristics of this age. The liver coordinates both adaptive and reproductive processes in the body, and during puberty is the formation of pituitary-gonadal relationships. The aim: to study the features of hormonal homeostasis in adolescent girls with CVH. Materials and methods. We examined 300 girls aged 12-17 years, of which 120 patients with CVH (60 patients with hepatitis B and 60 - with hepatitis C) and 180 relatively healthy patients with physiological sexual development. The diagnosis of CVH was established on the basis of medical history, clinical, virological, biochemical, morphological and instrumental examination. Results. Analysis of the obtained data of the functional state of the liver in the examined patients with CVH revealed disorders of the morphofunctional state of the liver, manifested by cytolysis syndrome, cholestasis, hepatocellular insufficiency and mesenchymal-inflammatory syndrome. In patients with CVH there was a decrease in the production of luteinizing hormone (4.35 ± 0.09 vs. 5.13 ± 0.08 mIU / ml, p

There is significant growth in numbers of patients with congenital disorders of various organs and systems in recent decades. The complexity of this problem is defined by difficulties in diagnostics especially in cases of associative disorders which leads to untimely treatment and numerous complications. This article covers features of management of female patients with malformations of genital organs with menstrual blood outflow defect.

Objective of the study. To study the peculiarities of the puberty course in girls with diffuse non-toxic goiter (DNG) and justify an individual approach to prevention of its disorders. Materials and methods. Compares the features of the puberty course and state of the thyroid system in girls with DNG (main group), which was first diagnosed at 9–13 years in the prepubertal period (n = 51) and early puberty (n = 58). The comparison group consisted of 107 peers with a normal thyroid volume, harmonious physical development and physiological course of puberty. An ultrasound of the thyroid gland was performed; thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) value, free fractions of thyroxine (fT4) and free triiodothyronine (fT3) in blood were determined, TSH/fT4 ratios and fT3/fT4 ratios were calculated in conventional units. Sexual development and puberty course were also studied. Results. An individual analysis of sexual development during the initial examination allowed us to determine its normal character in 90.0% girls with disabilities, 6.4% recorded an acceleration of its pace for 1–2 years, and only 2 girls (1.8%) 13 years old were diagnosed with a slowdown pace of puberty. Two (1.8%) 10-year old girls had inverted puberty. It was found that an earlier onset of puberty occurs with an increase in TSH and fT3 levels against the background of normal fT4. Dynamics of observation showed an increase of patients with signs of thyroid failure, which was accompanied by a delay in sexual development in 11.1% and menstrual dysfunction in 28.0% girls. Conclusion. Girls with DNG identified in pre- and early puberty increase the risk of delayed sexual development and menstrual dysfunction, which is the rationale for therapy aimed at correcting and preventing the progression of thyroid dysfunction. The feasibility of using potassium iodide and/or L-thyroxine in order to prevent violations of the puberty course in girls with DNG is substantiated

The paper presents the analysis of the positive body image formation among young women, characterizes determinants of female body image and describes the results of an experimental study. The purpose of the study was to test the possibility of developing a positive body image by the means of psychological training. The study involved women aged 18—20 (N=64). The methods included questionnaires and interviews. The results show that the body image of young women was associated with unrealistic external standards, and there is a certain ambivalence to them. On the one hand, the indicators of the component of the body image which included information and evaluation are quite high in youth, but body dissatisfaction is also high and a significant part of the girls rely on external standards in assessing attractiveness. In the course of the formative experiment, it was found that the development of positive body image is promoted by personal psychological training aimed at reducing weight and body shape concerns, expanding internalized stereotypes about the body and increasing the body’s worthiness (differences in the body image components before and after training are significant at p≤0.05).

Introduction. This article presents the results of the research project "Children's Vision of the COVID-19 pandemic" implemented in 2020. According to many experts, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to negative consequences for the physical (somatic), psychic and psychological and the health of the population. The works of foreign and domestic authors state the facts of a number of negative psychological effects of an emotional, mental and behavioral nature. However, against the background of the available research, a significant gap is found, which concerns the children's version of the perception of the situation of the pandemic and forced isolation, and above all its gender specificity in relation to the stage of early ontogenesis – senior preschool and primary school age.Materials and Methods. To collect the actual data, a projective verbal method of writing a story on the theme "The Tale of the Coronavirus" was used. In total, 138 stories were collected (68 of them were composed by girls and 70 by boys), the content analysis of which was carried out through the open coding procedure. Comparative gender analysis of the texts of the stories was conducted in seven main categories: "characteristics of the coronavirus", "origin of the coronavirus", "current (frustrated) needs", "resources for overcoming difficulties", "emotions", "key events" and "gender of the characters".Results. The data obtained showed the predominantly negative nature of children's views of the coronavirus, pronounced discomfort in most of them caused by frustration of the needs for security, freedom, positive emotions and social contacts, the predominance of a mostly anxious emotional background of the perception of the pandemic situation with a predominance of fear, as well as a special emphasis on such resources for overcoming difficulties as compliance with preventive measures and hygiene rules, medical care and restriction of activity. At the same time, the gender specificity of children's ideas about the COVID-19 pandemic was found, which consists in a more pronounced orientation towards people of their own sex, emphasizing their own role in solving the problem and focusing on active resistance to the threat in boys and focusing on the emotional side of events, emphasizing the role of others and waiting for salvation from outside in girls.Discussion and Conclusions. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that the content of ideas about the COVID-19 pandemic and self-isolation of girls and boys of senior preschool and primary school age, along with general trends, has a gender specificity, which reflects the results of differentiated gender socialization prevailing at the stages of early ontogenesis, based on the tradition of gender polarization.

The article presents the clinical features of the complicated course of tumor-like formations of the uterine adnexa in girls, adolescents and young women. The characteristic symptoms of adnexal torsion are described. Topographic and anatomic features leading to torsion of ovarian cysts and uterine appendages, features of the surgical treatment of patients with complicated adnexal torsion are presented. The aim was to study the frequency of occurrence of ovarian tumor-like formations and their complicated course in girls, adolescents and young women, improve early diagnosis and develop optimal methods of conserving surgical treatment of this pathology. Material and methods. The study included 90 girls, adolescents and young women. Patients were divided into three groups. 1 group included 30 young women; the 2nd group consisted of 35 adolescents 13-17 years; 3 group consisted of 25 girls from 2 to 12 years. Diagnostic complex included clinical, special gynecological, comprehensive laboratory, ultrasound (including doppler ultrasound) research, computer and magnetic resonance imaging (if indicated). Results and discussion. The final diagnosis of “Ovarian cyst” was verified in 46 of 90 patients (51,1 %): group 1 – 26 of 30 (86,6 %), in 2 – 18 of 35 (51,4 %), in 3 - 2 of 25 (8 %). It is established that the torsion of the uterine adnexa was detected in 44 of 90 patients: in 1 group – 13,3% of cases (4 of 30 young women), in 2 group – 48,5 % (17 of 35 adolescents), in 3 group – 92 % (23 of 25 girls). 76 surgeries were performed by laparoscopy with preservation of the ovarian reserve, 12 patients were treated conservatively with final diagnosis “Ovulatory syndrome” and “Retention cyst of the ovary”. Conclusions. Ovarian cyst as the cause of abdominal pain is significantly more often diagnosed in young reproductive age than in patients of prepubertal and pubertal age. In girls and adolescent girls with symptoms of acute abdomen the torsion of intact uterine adnexa was significantly more common than in adult patients, due to anatomical features of the internal reproductive organs and more a mobile lifestyle inherent in this age group. Optimal treatment of functional ovarian cyst is complex conservative therapy, surgical treatment of ovarian cysts at a young age is conducted under strict indications, treatment of choice is laparoscopy.

Aim. To study the clinical and anamnestic, and surgical features of patients with genitourinary system malformations. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from 252 medical records of patients with genitourinary system malformations who were admitted for examination and treatment to the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology of the Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation from 2012 to 2019. During analysis, special attention was paid to the data of surgical treatment, clinical and anamnestic data and the intraoperative picture. Results. Developmental anomalies of the genital system are combined with urinary system malformations in 21.1% of cases. Genital malformations in adolescent girls are characterized by a high rate of various complications: hematocolpos (53.6), hematocervix (30%), hematometra (26.2%), hematosalpinx (15.1%), endometriosis (19.2%), masses (16.4%) and adhesions (25.4%). Conclusion. Genital system malformations are often associated with anomalies of the urinary system and are characterized by a high risk of complications, therefore, timely identification and multidisciplinary management of such patients from an early age is extremely important.

The article presents the results of a study on the effectiveness of using clotrimazole 2% to treat candidal vulvovaginitis in girls. The use of a clotrimazole 2% cream treatment regimen, (100 mg), intravaginally once daily in girls with candidal vulvovaginitis is justified and highly effective. The absence of side effects while taking clotrimazole increases the commitment to this type of therapy.

Objective: To study the reproductive function of women in the long-term period after surgical treatment of diffuse appendicular peritonitis (DAP) in childhood. Methods: From the 163 operated girls fertility function was studied in 115 in the long-term period, including 62 patients in the control group and 53 in the main group. In the main group, intra-operative abdominal ozone therapy was used to prevent adhesive process; introduction of ozone-oxygen mixture through micro-irrigator and ultra-phonophoresis or electrophoresis on the anterior abdominal wall in the early postoperative period. Results: It has been established that the history of DAP in childhood was not reliably affected the cyclicality of the menstrual cycle in a long-term period, although there was a decrease in the frequency of this indicator to the main group to 15.1% compared to the control group – 27.4% (p>0.05). In relation for painful menstruation, the difference between groups was statistically significant (18.9% vs. 38.7%, p

The concept of risk-adapted therapy is a modern standard of choice for the treatment regimen of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in childhood. As a rule, patients are distributed depending on the number of factors in the groups of low, intermediate and high risk with a particular volume of the treatment program. The rational use of chemotherapy and radiation therapy can reduce the risk of gonadal toxicity. Loss of oocytes in patients receiving Hodgkin’s lymphoma therapy in childhood is usually associated with systemic chemotherapy and pelvic irradiation. A combination of inhibin B and FSH is proposed as a screening marker to assess the gonadotoxic effects of chemotherapy, in both girls and boys.

The article describes the factors of a healthy lifestyle, which adhere to students of different ages. Purpose: to explore the age-related features of the formation of the factors of a healthy lifestyle as components of individual physical education of schoolchildren of 11–17 years old. Material & Methods: 628 people took part in the study (282 young men; 346 women). In order to solve the research problems, a survey was conducted of respondents “Determining the motives and interests of schoolchildren in the field of physical culture and sports”. Results: it has been determined that motor activity, as one of the main factors of a healthy lifestyle in boys and girls aged 14–17, remains in the last place, except for sports class students. It is proved that only 34,1% of graduates, 48,9% of students in the 9th grade and 33,3% of ten students do not use alcoholic beverages. The highest percentage among smokers is in the 7th and 8th grades (33,3% and 22,7% respectively). Young men graduates are more likely to have a healthy lifestyle, and the percentage of those who smoke is reduced to 14,6%. Among the girls, it was found that 23,3% of ninth-graders smoke. Conclusion: it is proved that in the age aspect there are quite significant differences between the boys and girls in choosing the priority factors of a healthy lifestyle, which they adhere to during the week. Attitudes towards bad habits are also different and ambiguous. That is, with age, the priorities of the value orientations of young people change, and the gender factor influences the formation of young men and women’s views on maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

The proposed article presents the results of an empirical study, on the basis of which models of individual physical culture of boys and girls are developed. Purpose: identification of factors that encourage students to engage in physical exercise and the development of a model of value orientations of the individual physical culture of boys and girls in different age periods. Material & Methods: research was carried out with a contingent of schoolchildren of grades 5–11. The total number of respondents was 628 people (boys – 282; girls – 346), of which 126 respondents (97 boys and 29 girls) are engaged in a certain sport. To solve the problems of our study, at the first stage a survey was conducted of respondents "Determining the motives and interests of schoolchildren in the field of physical culture and sports". Results: according to the results of the survey of respondents we were first created models of value orientations of individual physical culture of boys and girls of different age groups. Conclusion: It was found that the representation of schoolchildren who are not involved in sports about the quality, characterizing a physically cultured person, primarily concerns sports activities. More harmoniously characterize the priority qualities of the individual physical education of the person of a young man who play sports.

In order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial vulvovaginitis (VV) in preschool children with urinary tract diseases, we conducted the prospective controlled study of 86 patients aged 3–6 years, of which: group 1 (n = 21) – VV; group 2 (n = 20) – VV against the background of chronic pyelonephritis with exacerbation; group 3 (n = 20) – VV against the background of acute pyelonephritis; group 4 (n = 25) – VV with dismetabolic nephropathy. Depending on the method of correction, the patients were divided into those that received standard treatment and those that received combined treatment with the use of a bacteriophage complex. It was revealed that chronic forms of VV prevailed in all groups, but when combined with urinary tract diseases (groups 2, 3, 4), the incidence of synechia of the labia minora was significantly increased. It was established that the number of relapses of VV after the combined treatment is significantly lower than after the standard treatment.Inflammatory urogenital diseases in girls are characterized by a high rate of relapse. The combination therapy of VV, including the use of a bacteriophage complex, improves the condition of the vaginal biotope, prevents the persistence of the infection.

In the article aspects of the gender approach in physical education of schoolchildren are considered. Purpose: studying the influence of the psychological characteristics of the personality of schoolchildren of different age groups on the formation of the need to achievements. Materials & Methods: the study was conducted with a contingent of schoolchildren of grades 3–11. The total number of respondents was 628 people (young men – 282, girls – 346), of which 126 respondents (97 boys and 29 girls) are engaged in a certain sport. Standardized testing using S. Bem's method "Masculinity – Femininity" was used, a test and a questionnaire by Yu. M. Orlov "Need for Achievements", methods of mathematical statistics. Results: level of the need to achieve the success of schoolchildren of different age groups was studied, the gender type of the respondents' personality was determined. The relationship between the level of the need to achieve the success of schoolchildren and the features of their psychological sex was determined. Conclusion: differences in the levels of the need to achieve success for boys and girls of different age groups, who are engaged and do not go in for sports, are revealed. It is shown that it is necessary to consider the gender approach in education not from the point of view of a gender policy providing equal rights for men and women, but from the point of view of studying their psychosocial characteristics for creating adequate organizational and methodological conditions in the process of physical education.

The paper presents the results of a study of the propensity of students of the state budgetary educational institution to manifestations of various forms of aggression and their preferred strategies of behavior in conflict situations. The study was conducted on the basis of one of the state budgetary institutions of Moscow and included data from 462 children aged 11 to 17 years. It is defined that in dynamics from middle to senior classes at girls the tendency to manifestation of indirect aggression, offense and verbal aggression increases, at boys the tendency to physical, indirect and verbal aggression and offense increases. The severity of these forms of aggression is at levels — above average. In high and middle school students, the strategy of rivalry is not the preferred choice of behavior in conflict, but rather compromise and avoidance in high school and adaptation and avoidance in middle school. Thus, conflict tensions in educational institutions are not associated with the level of aggressiveness of secondary and higher school students. It is obvious that there are other mechanisms that remain insufficiently studied.

Отмечена разница в трактовках понятий «пол», «гендер», «полодифференцированный», «гендерный подход», «традиционные и эгалитарные установки» во взаимоотношениях между представителями противоположного пола. Обозначена проблема вузовской подготовки будущих учителей к решению задач гендерного воспитания через учебный предмет. На примере анализа музыкальных произведений с учащимися показаны возможности урока музыки в общеобразовательной школе в воспитании культуры чувств мальчиков и девочек, культуры их взаимоотношений в формате совместного обучения.

Introduction. More than 60.0 % of girls of pubertal period of growth suffered from different disturbances of menstrual functions. It is known that pathological processes in periodontal tissues are diagnosed more often among girls with disturbances of menstrual function comparing to the girls of the same age with regular menstrual cycle. Aim. To investigate the frequency and clinical appearance of the chronic catarrhal gingivitis in girls with disturbances of menstrual cycle and healthy girls. Materials and methods. There were examined 91 girls of 15-16 years in order to study the frequency of periodontal tissues diseases. Examined girls were on the dispansary account in teenager gynecology rooms of Lviv Municipal Polyclinic N 4, 5, 6 and on the treatment in the teenager gynecology department of Lviv Regional Pediatric Specialized Clinical Hospital. Control group consisted of 112 healthy girls of the same age from schools N 1, 7, 19, 91, 21 from Lviv. Diagnostics of periodontal tissues diseases was carried out according to M. F. Danylevskiy’s classi- fication. The colour, relief, the state of the gindival papillae, presence of local irritating factors was determined during oral cavity examination. Pathological changes in periodontal tissues, the stage of process severity were estimated with the help of the following indicis:papillar-marginal-alveolar index; index of bleeding; index of S. P. Ramfjord; complex periodontal index; community periodontal index. Results. Pathological processes in periodontal tissues in girls with pathological course of menstrual cycle (MC) have been studied insufficiently. There were examined 91 girls of 15-16 years with MC disturbances and 112 healthy girls of the same age (control group). It was found that the prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases in the group of girls with pathological course of MC is significantly higher (87.85 ± 3.15 %), comparing to the control group (53.63 ± 3.36 %), (p < 0.001). Catarrhal gingivitis was diagnosed mostly among examined girls from both groups. The prevalence of catarrhal gingivitis in the group of girls with pathological course of MC is higher (79.40 ± 3.91 %) comparing to the same index of the girls from the control group (50.9 ± 3.37 %), (p ˂ 0.001). It was established that the chronic catarrhal gingivitis prevailed (88.63 ± 3.27 %) among all gingivitis. Hypertrophic gingivitis in girls with menstrual cycle disturbances was diagnosed in 2.79 ± 1.59 % persince and was abcesnt in healhy girls. The periodontitis frequency in girls with menstrual cycle disturbances and healhy girls is 5.64 ± 2.52 % and 2.71 ±1.10 %, accordingfly (р > 0.05). Clinical investigations with using of periodontal indices let us to reveal significantly higher indicis in girls with pathological course of MC comparing to the control group. Conclusions. The prevalence of periodontal tissue diseases in girls with a pathologic course of the menstrual cycle (87.85 ± 3.15 %) is significantly higher in comparison with the group of practically healthy girls (53.63 ± 3.36 %). Among gingivitis, the chronic catarrhal gingivitis predominates (88.63 ± 3.27 %). Also periodontal indices are significantly higher in girls with menstrual disorders, compared to practically healthy girls. The results can be used to determine the need of preventive care and treatment for the girls with menstrual disorders). Recived data is a base for determination of need of preventive help and treatment in girls with menstrual cycle disturbances.

Precocious puberty (PP) is one of the most common abnormalities of pubertal development in children. Typical PP features are: accelerated physical development, premature development of secondary sexual characteristics, early growth plates closure and formation of short stature in adult age. The article tempts to demonstrate the importance of early diagnostics of true PP in girls, the basic principles of treatment and dispensary observation. We have analyzed two clinical cases where both patients had idiopathic gonadotropin dependent PP, the diagnosis was defined at the same age, but the duration of the disease at the time of diagnosis was different. The patients received therapy with long-acting analogues of luteinizing releasing hormone, the effectiveness of therapy was confirmed by clinical and laboratory tests. Timely started treatment to our patients contributed to the normalization of the growth forecast.

Purpose: to study influence of outdoor games on functional condition of the respiratory system of girls of the younger school age in the groups of 6–8 and 9–10 years old. Material & Methods: the problem of functional condition of external breath at girls of the younger school age (in the age groups of 6–8 and 9–10 years old), who were divided into the control group (CG) in number of 32persons (CS No. 58) and the experimental (EG) in number of 29 persons (OTEC No. 109) of Zaporozhe, is considered. Results: it is defined that the studied girls of both groups at the beginning of the research had mainly below average and average levels of functional condition of the system of external breath. Conclusions: the effective impact of outdoor games on functional condition of the whole organism in general and on the system of external breath, in particular, at girls of the experimental group in comparison with the studied girls of the same age of the control group is proved experimentally. Application of the large number of various outdoor games allowed diversifying the program of training at physical education classes emotionally and physically, than promoted the activation of functions of the whole organism of girls of the younger school age.

This paper discusses changes in the value preferences of Russian students that have taken place from 2000 to 2016. The relevance of the study is determined by the absence of any corresponding data in the domestic science. The purpose of the study is to determine the extent to which the structure of value preferences of students changes with time. This problem is solved with the help of a technique developed in 1999 and used repeatedly by the author of this paper and other researchers as well. The paper provides empirical data to prove the following findings. Firstly, changes in the structure of value preferences of students analyzed in two time intervals (2000–2008 and 2008–2016) are differently directed. Some of these changes that emerged in the first interval disappeared by the second interval, but the second interval was also marked by new changes. Secondly, differences in the dynamics of value preferences between male and female students are pronounced and fit into the overall trend. Thirdly, the general trend is that there was a reorientation in the value preferences of students from 2000 to 2016: the role of common social and economic values became less important, while the role of values associated with microsocial connections and relations increased. The latter result, which characterizes the general essence of changes in the value preferences of students, is the key one. Based on the results obtained during the study, it is concluded that even fundamental value preferences can change over a long period of time (with regard to young age groups). However, fundamental value preferences are less dynamic compared to more specific value preferences. The results and conclusions of this study are crucial for understanding the processes taking place in the public consciousness of students.

We found that chronic tonsillitis in children is most prevalent at the age of 12-14 years. We have studied and analyzed gender-specific prevalence of chronic tonsillitis in children over the last decade and identified the common pattern: the disease incidence is higher in girls which is possibly due to the impact of female hormones. It was also found that the incidence of hypertrophy of the tonsils and adenoids is highest at the age of 6.

The article deals with topical issues related to the etiology, peculiarities of the phenotypic manifestations of the Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome in different age groups. The incidence of Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome among newborn girls is 1: 2000-1:5000, although some studies mention much more frequent occurrence. An analysis of the features of mental development in patients with partial or complete monosomy was carried out. Patients with Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome should be under a constant supervision of clinical psychologists who are aware of the peculiarities of the disease, and it is also necessary to carefully develop social skills and attitudes in social medium, which will be useful in their further social adaptation.

To study the clinical and diagnostic features of inflammatory pathology of the vulva and vagina in the background diseases of urinary tract (pyelonephritis, dysmetabolic nephropathy) of the girls, it was performed the investigation of complaints of clinical signs and characteristics of vaginal microbiocenosis in 86 patients aged 4 to 6 years. The control group consisted of 30 healthy girls of the same age. It is revealed that inflammatory urogenital diseases of the girls, there is a frequent chronic vulvovaginitis, the development of synechiae of the labia minora, frequently reported microbial associations.

One of leading reasons of far vision loop is forming a myopic refraction at the school age. With the purpose of estimation of the state of visual functions the following optical indexes of eyes are studies: refractive force of cornea, radius of curvature of front surface of cornea, dynamic refraction and sight sharpness with a correction of 112 girls (224 eyes) at the middle school age. It is stated that with the increase of age the sharpness of sight gets worse far, the dynamic refraction of eye increases aside miopisation, refractive force of cornea increases, the radius of curvature of front surface of cornea diminishes. It testfiles the necessity of setting correction measures with the purpose of improvement of far sight

High prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among the population attracts attention of specialists in all countries due to frequent development of complications resulting in reproductive dysfunction. The article presents one of the urgent issues of modern medicine — papillomavirus infection, which is the most common sexually transmitted disease. 70–80% of the sexually active persons contract human papilloma virus at one point. HPV induces a broad range of oncological reproductive diseases, including cervical, vulvar, vaginal and anal cancer and anogenital condylomae, which are observed both in men and women. The only reliable method of preventing papillomavirus infection is vaccination. The authors present new data on the use of the quadrivalent vaccine, including a new immunization pattern for 9–14-years-old girls.

The article presents the results of determining the indicators of physical condition and physical fitness of schoolchildren, aged 15-16, necessary to elaborate a health and recreational activities program. To solve the research tasks, the following research methods were applied: the analysis of scientific and methodological works and documentary materials; anthropometric, physiological, pedagogical methods of research; and methods of mathematical statistics. The study involved 50 students aged 15 (33 boys and 17 girls) and 49 people aged 16 (34 boys and 15 girls). Among different indicators of the physical condition, the features of physical development, the functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory system, and the physical fitness of children of senior school age were examined. According to the research results, the compliance between the age standards and the indicators of physical development and functional state of the cardio-respiratory system of boys and girls aged 15-16 was established. At the same time, it should be noted that there is a high variability of certain indicators between boys and girls of the senior school age. The variation coefficients have exceed 14.6%, which indicates the heterogeneity of the sample. The evaluation results of indicators of physical fitness revealed that about a quarter of senior pupils had difficulties in performing the tasks, especially those determining the level of endurance, coordination abilities, flexibility. The results obtained should be taken into account for developing a health and recreational activities program for the specified range of schoolchildren.

Ivashchenko Olga, Kuznetsova Olena, Zukow Walery. Functional and motor fitness of 7-8 form pupils as factor of health improvement. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(11):325-328. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.167512 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4004 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.11.2016. Revised 12.11.2016. Accepted: 19.11.2016. Functional and motor fitness of 7-8 form pupils as factor of health improvement Ivashchenko Olga1, Kuznetsova Olena2, Zukow Walery3 1H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, UKRAINE 2Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, UKRAINE 3Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, POLAND Abstract Purpose: to determine special gender aspects of 7-8 form pupils’ functional and motor fitness. Material: in the research participated boys: 7th form (n=24); 8th form (n=35); girls: 7th form (n=31); 8th form (n=14). Results: analysis shows that between 7th form boys and girls there are statistically confident differences in functional tests (p0.05). Conclusions: gender aspects of seven form pupils’ motor fitness are power abilities and ability to assess power parameters of movements; in eighth form they were ability to perceive motor power parameters and static strength. Key words: boys, girls, functional fitness, coordination fitness, power fitness, motor abilities.

Purpose: To experimentally ground the technological approaches to evaluating training effects of primary schoolers’ power loads. Material and methods: The participants in the study were 40 in girls 7 years old. To achieve the objectives outlined, the research used the following methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, modeling, pedagogical observation and experiment, methods of mathematical experiment planning (complete factorial experiment, 2k type), discriminant analysis. Results: The training pattern affects the dynamics in the test results for the second grade girls. The test results can improve provided that the power load brings about significant changes after the training at each spot, after the training (immediate training effect), and twenty four hours after the power load (delayed training effect). The higher the dynamics is for the immediate and delayed training effects, the more significant are the improved power tests results observed after as few as three lessons. Conclusions: The discriminant function can be used to classify the training effects of the girls 7 years old power loads.

Purpose: o experimentally ground the technological approaches to evaluating training effects of primary schoolers’ power loads. Material and methods: To achieve the objectives outlined, the research used the following methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, modeling, pedagogical observation and experiment, methods of mathematical experiment planning (complete factorial experiment, 2k type), discriminant analysis. The participants in the study were grade girls (n=40). Results: The training pattern affects the dynamics in the test results for the second grade girls. The test results can improve provided that the power load brings about significant changes after the training at each spot, after the training (immediate training effect), and twenty four hours after the power load (delayed training effect). The higher the dynamics is for the immediate and delayed training effects, the more significant are the improved power tests results observed after as few as three lessons. Conclusions: The discriminant function can be used to classify the training effects of the second grade girls’ power loads. The first canonical function explains the results variation by 80 %. This suggests that it is highly informative. The centroid coordinates groups allow to interpret the canonical functions according to the role differentiating the grades by the training effects of the primary schoolers’ power loads. Thus, the reaction to the power load has immediate, delayed training effects.

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