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This study aims to determine the papain soluble collagen from the milkfish scale based on the yield and antioxidant activity due to treatment of extraction time and papain concentration. Papain soluble collagen (PSC) was isolated from the scales of milkfish (Chanos chanos) caught in Sidoarjo, Indonesia, with a total production of 828,372.62 tons in 2018. Independent variables of extraction time were (X1, hour) and papain concentration (X2, U/mg). Dependent variables were yield (Y1, %) and antioxidant activity (Y2, mg/L).This research used Response Surface Methodology. The result showed that the extraction time and papain concentration from 24 hours to 82 hours with papain concentration 3000 U/mg to 7000 U/mg resulted in yield 2.25% to 6.4% and antioxidant activity of 199 mg/L to 418 mg/L. The optimal condition of extraction PSC was 56.45 hours with papain concentration 5950 U/mg resulting in a yield of 6, 0%±0,012 and antioxidant activity of 258±0, 98 mg/L.

Microchemical analysis of calcified structures of fish is a modern technique for determining the origin of fish species and ontogenetic reconstructions of their habitat that can be applied for such tasks as stocks separation in mixed samples, tracking of fish migrations, determining of spawning, feeding or wintering areas, differentiation of fish of artificial and natural origin, growth analysis, age evaluation, etc. The approach is based on analysis of trace elements concentration between the center and periphery of a calcified structure, or precise measurement of the elements and their isotopes concentration in certain sites of sample. The calcified structures most often used for analysis are otoliths, skeleton bones, scales, and also statoliths of lampreys or beaks and statoliths of cephalopods. Specifics of the method application are described with examples of its use for solving diverse tasks of fundamental and applied science, in particular in complex studies of biological resources in the Amur River basin.