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Introduction Left ventricular (LV) pseudoaneurysm is a rare but life-threatening complication following myocardial infarction (MI). Unlike true aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms lack myocardial elements in their structure, which increases the risk of rupture and sudden death. The diagnosis is challenging due to its often subtle and nonspecific symptoms. The high mortality rate associated with untreated pseudoaneurysms highlights the importance of awareness and prompt diagnosis. All patients after MI should receive specialized care and follow-up examinations to prevent unattended states of emergency. Purpose of research This systematic review aims to discuss a rare complication of MI in a form of LV pseudoaneurysm. Due to its potential asymptomatic course, it is important to highlight the importance of a meticulous clinical and echocardiographic follow-up in all patients with a history of MI. Materials and methods The study was conducted through search across PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using keywords such as “left ventricular pseudoaneurysm”, “myocardial infarction”, “post-infarction imagining”, “surgical treatment of pseudoaneurysms”. The analysis focused on scientific literature with validated insights into the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods and treatment strategies of the MI complication in a form of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. Results and conclusions The potentially fatal consequences of pseudoaneurysm dictate proactive approach in the treatment of patients with a history of MI. Routine follow-up examinations, comprehensive cardiac imaging and a high clinical alertness are essential for early diagnosis. By providing meticulous post-MI care, healthcare professionals can improve patients outcomes and reduce mortality.

Intimate sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor with a very poor prognosis. The incidence rate among all sarcomas is less than 1%. The primary localization of the tumor is most often the aorta and pulmonary artery. Other localizations account for about 10% of all observations. This tumor has an extremely nonspecific picture, is characterized by difficult diagnosis and poor prognosis. The main method of treatment is surgical – excision of the affected vessel and surrounding tissues with an interoperative histological examination, arterial reconstruction. About 140 cases of intimate sarcoma have been described in the literature. We present our own observation of intimate sarcoma. In the presented clinical case, the primary localization of the tumor was the common femoral artery. The patient was admitted with a clinical picture of a false femoral artery aneurysm, which was regarded as post-traumatic, without thrombosis or embolism of the distal bed and signs of limb ischemia. Repeated reconstructive surgical interventions were performed for a diagnosed false aneurysm. The intraoperative picture did not indicate any oncological process. After discharge, within six months there were two repeated requests for emergency indications in connection with erosive bleeding in the area of surgery. There were no signs of paraprosthetic infection. The oncological process was suspected with the appearance and growth of a voluminous formation of the inguinal region, which became the reason for performing a histological examination. The final diagnosis was made in the late stage of the disease, when radical surgical treatment was not feasible. The ongoing chemotherapeutic treatment did not have a significant effect, which led to an unfavorable outcome.

A case of endovascular treatment of a patient with a large false aneurysm of the splenic artery resulting from arrosion of its wall into the cavity of a previously existing pancreatic pseudocyst is described. In addition to the rather rare occurrence of this pathology, a feature of this clinical case was the patient’s sharp tortuosity of the access vessels, including the iliac arteries, abdominal aorta, and the splenic artery. Thus, both the endovascular prosthetics of the affected splenic artery and its embolization according to the traditional method using standard angiographic catheters and Gianturco coils turned out to be technically impossible because of the inability to reach the lesion site, especially with access through the common femoral artery that typical for such interventions, which was used by us when performing diagnostic selective arteriography. The second stage was the embolization of the splenic artery by access through the left axillary artery by means of conducting of guiding catheter into the celiac trunk. Through the lumen of this catheter, we introduced a microcatheter, through which detachable microcoils (usually used in interventional neuroradiology) were introduced into the splenic artery proximal and distal to the aneurysm cavity. As a result, the affected area of ​​the splenic artery with aneurysm was completely turned off from the bloodstream and thrombosed, that allowed to avoid extremely risky open surgical intervention and eliminated the risk of rupture of the aneurysm. Medication support included hypotensive therapy to reduce the risk of rupture of the aneurysm (before and after surgery), analgesics for the relief of post-embolization pain, and antibiotics for the prevention of infectious complications associated with pancreatitis and the possible development of spleen infarction. Monitoring the effectiveness of the intervention in the postoperative period was carried out using ultrasound dopplerography.

The article describes a case of successful treatment of pseudoaneurysm of the radial artery (PRA). The peculiarity of the described case is that as a result of injury in the lower third of the forearm there was damage to the lateral wall of the radial artery; against the background of the pressure bandage, the artery defect temporarily clotted, and there were no signs of bleeding. In this regard, in the initial surgical treatment of the wound, the surgeon did not pay attention to the condition of the artery wall and put stitches on the skin. Subsequently, due to the resumption of bleeding, a pulsatile hematoma was spread in its further transformation into a false aneurysm. PRA can lead to the development of dangerous complications – rupture, bleeding, infection, compression of nerve trunks of the forearm. In order to avoid their development, it is necessary in all cases to eliminate the PRA. Currently, proposed mini-invasive interventions: endovascular aneurysm embolization, stent-grafting of vascular defect, compression method, as well as puncture technique by injecting thrombin into the cavity of the PRA under X-ray control. However, the experience of their application shows that, despite all their advantages, open operations continue to be the «gold standard» in the treatment of PRA. The authors of the article also adhered to this tactic, which allowed them to achieve a good result.

The article describes the clinical experience of treatment of life-threatening pathology by minimally invasive methods. There is a long-term stable positive result after the operation. The introduction of new technologies in medicine minimizes the risk of postoperative complications, contributing to a favorable outcome of the disease.

The article submitted a case of successful diagnostics and surgical treatment of a rare case of inferior gluteal artery false aneurysm formation due to the expressed retrograde blood flow. The probability of such a mechanism of aneurysm formation is possible in zones with rich collateral communications between the main vessels, and where there is a high retrograde pressure. The difficulties in the clinical diagnosis of aneurysm are described because of its inaccessibility for the study, as well as the weak pulsation of the aneurysmal sac and the absence of systolic thrill. This variant of an aneurysm was formed when, during the primary surgical intervention, the proximal end of the damaged vessel was ligated, and its distal end, having contracted, disappeared from the surgeon’s field of vision. This led to the formation of an aneurysm 1.5 months after the injury. Aneurysmotomy performed and a suture was applied to a bleeding vessel participating in the formation of an aneurysm, with a good near and medium-distant result.

Acute traumatic aortic rupture is associated with extremely high mortality rates and requires emergency diagnosis and treatment. This clinical example shows the role of multislice spiral computed tomography in the emergency diagnosis of rupture of two large arterial vessels in severe concomitant injury. It presents the benefits of this rapid and noninvasive imaging technique, an algorithm of the study and the semiotics of injuries in patientswith suspected traumatic aortic rupture. The paper also shows the importance of this method in defining treatment policy and then in the assessment of the results of the performed correction.

Today, the number of endovascular procedures is steadily growing. For example, there were 40.005 endovascular interventions in 2018. Most patients are discharged within 1-2 days after intervention due to its effectiveness and minimal invasiveness. However, physicians do not always note local postoperative complications. Multidisciplinary approach in follow-up and treatment of such patients is important. In particular, we talk about awareness of doctors of polyclinics about possible complications after arterial puncture. Effectiveness and favorable result of surgical treatment of local postoperative complications after arterial puncture are reported in the manuscript.

Vascular damage is an important aspect in the structure of injuries. Untimely medical care in patients with peripheral artery damage is often followed by development of false aneurysm. This event may be complicated by aneurysm rupture and bleeding, peripheral arterial thromboembolism, hematoma infection and neuropathy following adjacent nerved compression. We report surgical treatment of a patient with giant false aneurysm of the left axillary artery following a knife wound 1 year ago. The patient did not appeal for qualified medical care and ensured haemostasis at home. The patient underwent surgery under endotracheal anaesthesia. Debridement of hematoma, closure of arterial wall defect and wound drainage were carried out through an approach in the upper and middle third of the left shoulder.

We report the results of open surgical correction of a giant false aneurysm of the distal anastomosis in long-term period after iliofemoral bypass surgery. Preoperative diagnostic procedures made it possible to determine the most appropriate treatment strategy. Aneurysm resection was followed by distal anastomosis repair on the right with prosthesis 10 mm. Postoperative imaging is presented. The authors concluded the effectiveness of revascularization strategy.

A false aneurysm of the axillary artery is an extremely rare complication of a lesion of this vessel. As few as several dozens of similar cases have been described in the available literature. We herein report a clinical case concerning surgical treatment of a 41-year-old patient who after a knife-inflicted injury had developed a 66x67 mm pseudoaneurysm of the axillary artery. The treatment consisted of several stages, thus requiring 2 hospitalizations. The first stage included an attempt to resect the aneurysm in an open fashion, followed by deployment of stent grafts in the axillary artery to exclude the aneurysm from circulation. The second stage consisted in elimination of the aneurysmal cavity, followed by decompression of the branches of the brachial plexus and the axillary vein. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 10 after the second surgical intervention.

Surgical repair of common carotid artery aneurysm as an extremely rare complication of carotid endarterectomy in long-term period is described. Aneurysmectomywasfollowed by patch repair of the artery. It was concluded that this intervention is effective approach for this complication. The main causes of this adverse event are identified.

The patient 58-year-old with nodular goiter grade 2 was hospitalized to the surgical clinic. Thyroidectomy was performed. Postoperative period was complicated by hiccups and pulsation in the right half of the neck. According to angiography and CT data, there were a hematoma within thyroid bed and arteriovenous fistula between superior thyroid artery and right facial vein. Surgical repair of the fistula and false aneurysm drainage were carried out. This case report demonstrates a rare complication of thyroidectomy - arteriovenous fistula between superior thyroid artery and facial vein followed by pulsatile false aneurysm.