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The article is dedicated to the Battle of Moscow in October- December, 1941. Author analyzes the causes of the failure of German army, who tries to encircle and capture Moscow, the events taking place on the outskirts of Moscow, German troops attempts to encircle Moscow. The author presents data on the speech by Adolf Hitler in Berlin on October 5, 1941, in which he acknowledged the failure of the Blitzkrieg and the Battle for Moscow and its suburbs. The researcher uses the documents of the Wehrmacht High Command, which stated that after the Battle of Moscow, German troops could not on any further stage of the war to restore the quality and morale of the armed forces, with whom Reich rushed to a campaign for world domination. The author, a prominent public and political figure of the USSR, also relies on personal recollections, interviews with prominent generals of World War II, including I. Konev.

Temperature reduction of liquid working fluid in sub-cooler allows to achieve 8-13% rise of coefficient of performance of compressive heat pump. Two-stage compressive is more effective if using high adiabatic exponent working fluid.

Seed list of wild and cultivated plants collected in 2016-17 in the Botanic Garden of Petrozavodsk State University and South Karelia.

The article gives information on the emergence of Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden. in Karelia and in the Petrozavodsk State University Botanical Garden. The results of observations of the plants' development, biometric indices and characteristics of population loci in experimental areas are presented. Methods of limiting the distribution of Heracleum sosnowskyi are considered. The methods allowed the Botanical Garden not to be the source of the species' expansion to the adjacent territories.

The article describes the new informative and health-improving route, "A garden walk - on the road to health", of the Petrozavodsk State University Botanical Garden. The route has been developed for the older generation; however, in the future, citizens and guests of the city of different age groups will be able to take this route. The path goes through the most beautiful and interesting exhibitions, collections and natural areas of the garden; information about health-improving qualities of local and introduced plants and the northern nature is provided along the way. Results of the year 2015 proved the importance of this project, as well as the need to create more therapeutic parks and gardens. The article presents outcome of the project "The Open Garden" at the municipal public institution "Integrated Social Service Center of Pryazha region - Nadezhda" in the village of Essoila (Karelia).

The results have been given an experimental cultivation plants of southern areas (21 species). Species were tested in the Botanic garden of PetrSU (61 ° 50'57 "N, 34 ° 19'54" ° E). Two species belongs to USDA Hardiness Zones (HZ) 3 and higher; 7 species - HZ 4 and higher; 11 species - HZ 5 and higher; 1 species - HZ 6 and higher. Some ones from HZ 5 (namely: Actinidia kolomikta (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim.; Catalpa bignonioides Walter; Morus nigra L.) are fruiting.

The achievements in the taxonomy were put as basis for specifies Salix L. species names in Kareliya region. The taxonomic locations species within genus Salix L. are given. Noted 24 species belongs to 16 sections of 3 subgenus (Salix, Chamaetia and Vetrix) Salix L. genus. The species occurrence is presented. It is recommended to addition some species in the «Red data book of Kareliya». The present day situation in investigations of biological diversity Salix L. in the region are discussed.