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To study the clinical efficiency of using mesodiencephalic modulation (MDM) as therapy in the combination treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the authors examined two groups: 1) the patients who received a MDM cycle in combination with chemotherapy regimens (a study group); 2) those treated using standard chemotherapy regimens (a control group). By the end of one-month therapy, the study group ceased bacterial excretion twice more often than the control group that exhibited the similar results only by the end of three-month treatment. MDM as therapy produced positive X-ray changes in 76.0% of the cases in the study group and in 44.4% in the control one. MDM used in the combination treatment of patients with tuberculosis makes it possible to reduce the length of hospital stay, the number of round-the-clock beds, and the cost of treating these patients.