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Introduction. The need for electrical energy has been increased sharply due to hasty growth in industrials, social and economic improvements. From the previous studies, it has been agreed that almost 13 % of the total power generated is wasted as heat loss at distribution level. It has been extensively recognized that the node voltage profile along the distribution system can be enhanced under steady state power transfer controlled by proper reactive power compensation. Capacitors have been acknowledged as reactive power compensating device in distribution systems to achieve technical and economical benefits. Novelty of this work is the application of Archimedes optimization algorithm for reactive power optimization in distribution systems so as to obtain an improved solution and also a real 94-bus Portuguese network and modified 12-bus network has been taken and validated for three different load levels which are totally new. Purpose of the proposed work is to maximize the economic benefit by reducing the power loss and capacitor purchase cost at three different load conditions subject to satisfaction of equality and inequality constraints. Methods. The economic benefit has been validated using Archimedes optimization algorithm for three load levels considering three distribution systems. Results. The computational outcomes indicated the competence of the proposed methodology in comparison with the previously published works in power loss minimization, bus voltage enhancement and more economical benefit and proved that the proposed methodology performs well compared to other methods in the literature.

The article considers the problem of current accounting of stocks in public sector organizations through the prism of new standards. As a result, the unity of the system of requirements for accounting of tangible assets was confirmed. The paper reveals the positions of modern scientists and practitioners on the novelty of requirements in the accounting of short-term assets. The author presents the logical scheme of application of norms of accounting of material stocks in the budgetary sphere from the point of view of their subordination. The study generally discloses the criteria for fulfilling the utility of the potential contained in the asset. The article presents and discloses the logical scheme for achieving the utility criterion reflected in the material stock. The author describes the necessity to use inventory as a way to identify signs of attributing assets to stocks or property in storage.

In the article the evaluation of sources of funding, investment projects, and the current activities of the organizations. The technique, which allows to estimate the influence of the structure and magnitude of funding on the financial performance of organizations.

Objective: comparative assessment of the economic effect of oral vinorelbine when used as indicated, taking into consideration the new registered price.Material and methods. A clinical-economic study was performed to compare active platinum-containing chemotherapy regimens of the first line for stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer with oral vinorelbine and pemetrexed as well as first-line chemotherapy regimens for metastatic breast cancer presented with oral vinorelbine and ixabepilone alone. A systematic search for information in medical databases was carried out, the cost estimate was made out in accordance with the recommendations of The Center for Healthcare Quality Assessment and Control of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The direct medical costs were estimated, formed on the basis of the dosage, frequency and dosage regimen of the compared drugs, based on the data of the State Register of maximum selling prices, clinical guidelines for the studied nosologies, and instructions for medical use. The comparison of the economic effect of the studied drugs was carried out in pairs using the cost minimization method with a sensitivity analysis. Further, the calculations of the amounts of reimbursement of medical care provided were made using each of the compared drugs. An economic assessment of the economic effect of oral vinorelbine was carried out taking into consideration the change in the price of the drug and a budget impact analysis with a sensitivity analysis.Results. It was determined that the use of oral vinorelbine provides financial savings for a medical organization at the amount of 246,042.34 rubles per 6 cycles of chemotherapy for each patient with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer compared with the use of pemetrexed, and 558,659.32 rubles per year – for the treatment of each patient with metastatic breast cancer compared with ixabepilone. The results of the budget impact analysis showed that the indication of oral vinorelbine saved 3,287,470.56 rubles for the budget fund considering the change in the cost of 1 mg of the drug for a hypothetical population of patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer in 1000 people. This would create the possibility of therapy for additional 15 patients with this diagnosis. The indication of oral vinorelbine in first-line chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer for a similar target population would save 18,355,043.96 rubles for the budget fund, which makes it possible to treat 15 more patients with this diagnosis.Conclusion. The use of oral vinorelbine is associated with the saving of financial resources of a medical organization. In addition, the reimbursement for medical care provided from the compulsory medical insurance funds when using regimens with oral vinorelbine is primarily lower than for comparison drugs. Thus, the use of regimens with oral vinorelbine is more beneficial for the payer (the Federal Compulsory Health Insurance Fund) and for the medical organization. The change in the cost of the drug is associated with an increase in the availability of medical care for patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer and patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Generalization of the theoretical-methodological instrumentarium of research on the public sector of economy suggests that the fundamental conceptualisation of the processes of production and consumption of public benefits together with pioneer researches in this area are laid down by Western European scientists-humanists. The complex discourse of the theory of public benefits requires research in such direction as the theories of behavior of individuals in the public benefits sector; German tradition of public benefits research (which is known to be based on the theoretical platform of public interest and collective needs). Another theoretical mainstream of researching public benefits issues is the theory of transaction costs, among the others. There is every reason to assert that global public benefits at the present stage of civilizational development not only play a decisive role in ensuring the economic, political and social progress, but also create a solid cementing basis for an effective response of the world community to the global problems (climate change; food problem; transboundary epidemics of infectious diseases; financial, debt and budgetary crises; dynamic distribution of virtual currencies, etc.). However, despite the significant aggravation of global risks in recent decades, there is still no reliable data on the accumulated expenditure of governments on the production of global public benefits.

Motor-roads construction along with road infrastructure development is catalyst for economic development of the country, and thus – it may serve for Ukraine as the means to get out from the lingering crisis. Undeveloped status of road infrastructure causes a number of problems, which present not just economic, but also social character. Therefore, these problems need to be investigated in details and resolved immediately. In course of investigation there was selected a list of main problems of road industry development: the breach of weight norms for cargo transportation; under-financing of the road industry; risks related to fulfillment of program on construction and reconstruction of road infrastructure; need for innovational transformations in the field of transport; problems of ecology for vehicle and motor-ways. For each of the problems there were proposed ways of solution and the stage of problem-solution was considered. There was investigated the economic benefit of investment projects into the road industry. It was determined that development of road network and improvement of their traffic-operation status present the necessary pre-condition of the further social-economic development of region, the State and society.

The relevance of this work is in development of mathematical model, which shows the advantage of frequency control of engines of pumps over throttle control. The object of study is boiler station of manufacturing plant. The aim of research is to compare two modes of engines of pumps: throttle control and frequency control, evaluation of energy-saving potential and calculation payback period of frequency controllers. The model was developed in MATLAB Simulink medium. The model was created on the basis of boiler station data. The boiler room includes nine types of pumps. These engines of pumps differ from each other in the manner of work. The monthly average outside temperature is an input parameter of a mathematical model. Temperature of water in supply line and value of pressure vary depending on the outside temperature. Working characteristics of pumps and engines are set with polynomials for throttle and frequency regimes of control. Logic blocks were created to regulate work of pumps depending on monthly average outside temperature. Modeling is prediction of electrical consumption by electrical consumers of boiler station. Time of modelling is 5 year. The modelling process is based on monthly average outside temperature during 5 past years Averaging of experiments results showed energy-saving potential 11% and effective values of payback times for all frequency controllers.

Purpose. The object of research is interrelations and interdependence between structural elements of social and economic systems that were transform in the course of evolutionary changes of the international standards of the life’s quality. Methodology. The research based on study of system methodology in proving the objectivity of evolutionary transformations of social and economic systems. The basic methods used in the study – a general theoretical (analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction) to identify of the main principles of social and economic systems. We used an empirical method for the characteristic of the features of the system’s optimal structure in Ukraine. Results. The complexity of research explained by the multi-vector nature of the concept of economic and social development by consideration of transformational changes in social and economic systems. A large number of factors determine the level of the systems’ development, that is connected both with the economic prerequisites of functioning in a certain state, and with social: individualized (demographic, racial and ethnic, social and status) characteristics of the people. Factors that formed in the system characterized by a feature of their life cycle, the system of values of individuals and society in general, as well as the readiness, ability or inability, desire or unwillingness to bring economic effect in the process of their life. It follows in the process of combination the concept of development human potential and the concept of sustainable development which is interpreted as such a system of the organization of society that the needs of present generation occurs not to the expense of the opportunities to meet the needs of future generations. The basic principle of the natural capital, minimization of outer effects (externalities) for future generations is the basic principle of sustainable development. These two approaches sometimes combined in the form of the concept of sustainable human development, which should be the basis for optimum structure of social and economic system. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in industries such scientific knowledge as finance, money and credit, sociology, social sector that allows to study the making elements of difficult social and economic systems and to optimize its structure in Ukraine for increase in the standard of the population’s living. Conclusions. The developed countries have a relatively balanced structure of the social and economic systems. They have functional infrastructure, solid middle class, active small and medium business. Many other countries including Ukraine characterized by extremely low level of the income both in economy, and at the population, and extraordinary polarization of society. In general, considering the main differences between the postindustrial and industrial countries, it is possible to allocate the special reasons for the social differentiation of the population, characteristic of the last that will allow transforming inefficient social and economic systems.

The article deals with the complex system of a special purpose which is serviced by Markov's process. Two conditions for process of work of the researched system are given. The conclusion is made that all process of work of the researched system on servicing of the requests which have arrived after some timepoint does not depend on the process of our service before. The essential criteria for research of the system are listed. The criteria considering the economic factor of the system functioning are named. Separate types of servicing from the point of view of the researched system cost efficiency are determined. The cost efficiency of the system is determined, considering the losses from customers aircraft downtime, system operation expenses. Function of the cost of system losses with customers refusals in the process is determined. The author gives the formula for the criterion of the researched system cost efficiency as mass servicing system. The main requirements and formula dependences of service efficiency calculation of requests for the researched system are considered. Mathematical methods of calculation of the criteria considering economic efficiency of the researched system which characterize a degree of a given task performance course of operation are presented.

The author considers principles of rationality, ways of its realization and variants of its usage that can lead to improvement of registration and making decisions.