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The article provides a brief overview of international legal standards and Russian legislation in the field of climate change adaptation. Currently, states are adopting the so-called “climate adaptation plans” and “strategies”, each of which has its own specifics depending on the country, economics, population and the challenges they are caused by. The author aims to reveal the key provisions of the Convention on Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol, the Paris Agreement in the context of climate change adaptation, the role of UNEP in the UN system on this issue, as well as the standard forms of “national plans”, which are proposed as framework by international organizations. It is concluded that the majority of international treaties do not attempt to impose a single standard of climate adaptation commitments for all countries without exception, but adopt a flexible approach for specific groups of countries. A review of existing practices on this issue is made, depending on the climatic zone and existing domestic institutions. A separate part is devoted to the Russian legal system in the field of climate adaptation, from legal support to the stages of implementation of the national plan.

The relevance of the development and the improvement of methods for the determination of metabolites (biomarkers) of toxic substances in biological fluids (blood, urine, etc.) is associated with the need to establish facts of humans and animals exposure to toxic chemicals. The need for such analysis arises within the framework of monitoring of the compliance with the provisions of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), when conducting investigations into the alleged use of chemical agents, as well as within the framework of the official proficiency tests carried out by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW). Nowadays there exists the problem of the determination of low­molecular­weight mustard gas biomarkers in biological samples with the use of gas chromatography methods with mass­selective detection. The lowmolecular­weight biomarkers of sulfur mustard (SM) are thiodiglycol, oxides and sulfoxides. The identification and quantitative assessment of SM markers in blood and urine is carried out according to the methods, based on the displacement of thiodiglycol and its derivatives from protein conjugates with titanium trichloride, solidphase extraction, concentration in ethyl acetate solution, derivatization with pentafluorobenzoyl chloride, heptafluorobutyrylimidazole, heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride or chloride, subsequent stripping of the derivative into the appropriate solvent and GH­MS analysis (chemical ionization technique with methane as a reagent gas with the registration of negative ions). After the sample preparation, the limits of detection of the minimum values of ultra­low concentrations of the analyzed biomarkers of SM in urine and blood plasma were determined. After the chromatographic analysis, the corresponding graphs of indicators have been constructed, based on the concentrations of biomarkers in urine and blood plasma. Later on they have been used for the elaboration of the methods for the determination of SM biomarkers in human urine and blood.

The last chemical munition from Russian arsenals of chemical weapons has been destroyed September 22, 2017, at the Kizner facility in Udmurtia. Chemical weapons (CW) destruction started at the times of the demise of the USSR and the change of political formation in the country, followed by the collapse of its economy. Russian Federation Government Decree № 305, «On the Approval of the Special Federal Targeted Program for the Destruction of Chemical Weapons Stockpiles in the Russian Federation» (21 March 1996), became an important milestone in Russia`s fulfilling its international commitments, including its chemical weapons disarmament obligations. Due to certain Soviet scientific and technological advances and thanks to the extraordinary efforts and talent of the experts from the Radiological, Chemical and Biological Defence Troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, from the Federal Agency for the Safe Storage and Destruction of Chemical Weapons and from several other scientific research organizations, the CW destruction program has been completed three years ahead of schedule. Two-stage process of chemical neutralization, technically adapted to different types and ways of CW stockpiling, have been used for CW destruction. Seven special facilities have been built in Gorny (Saratov region), Kambarka and Kizner (Udmurt Republic), Maradykovsky (Kirov region), Shchuch'ye (Kurgan region), Leonidovka (Penza region) and Pochep (Bryansk region) for this purpose. 40,000 metric tons of CW have been destroyed at these facilities. The implementation of the Federal Targeted Program three years ahead of schedule saved considerable financial resources for the country and saved the population of the regions where CW stockpiling and destruction facilities have been located, from serious danger in case of any incident or accident.

The article is dedicated to the elaboration of highly sensitive method for the detection of bis(2-N,Ndialkylaminoethyl)disulfides – hydrolysis (degradation) products of highly toxic organophosphorus nerve agents like VX and their analogues. These compounds are subject to the complete prohibition and destruction in accordance with the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction. Thus their detection is of great importance for the monitoring of the compliance with the Convention. The search for the optimum conditions for the chromatographic separation and mass-selective detection for these compounds is based on the OPCW recommendations for the annual international Proficiency Tests. We use gas chromatography as a separation technique. The objects of the research are the homologous organic compounds – bis(2-N,N-diisopropylaminoethyl)disulfide (hydrolysis product of VX-gas) and bis(2-N,N-diethylaminoethyl)disulfide (hydrolysis product of VR-gas). The optimum way of sample preparation is the organic extraction of disulfides from aqueous solution using methylene chloride. During the practical experiments we found out that the most sensitive devices for the detection of bis(2-N,N-dialkylaminoethyl)disulfides were the gas chromatograph Agilent 7890A together with the mass selective detector Agilent 7000B GC/MS Triple Quad and the licenced software Mass Hunter Workstation Software, Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis, version B.04.00. Using the proposed approach, the detection limits of bis(2-N,N-diisopropylaminoethyl) disulfide and bis(2-N,N-diethylaminoethyl)disulfide in water bodies were found to be 0,533±0,003 ng/ml, and 0,68±0,002 ng/ml, respectively.

The development of scientific research methods and dual-use production technologies, the widening of the range of new toxic chemicals, as well as technical possibilities for the development of a new generation of poisonous substances, formally not forbidden by the acting Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction, pose a new level of threats to nonproliferation of chemical weapons. Under these circumstances, it is necessary to possess not only legal possibility, but also appropriate laboratory equipment and services for the effective non-proliferation control. Considerable attention in this sphere has been paid earlier to environmental samples for toxic chemicals analysis, including samples of air, soil, vegetation and water. But at the present time the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) gives special emphasis to analysis of biomedical samples (blood, urine) in the context of non-proliferation and investigations of alleged use of chemical weapons and toxic chemicals. The proper sensitivity during the detection and identification of biomarkers of exposure to chemical agents and toxic chemicals can be achieved by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) methods. Efforts in this sphere are now focused on three main tasks – sample preparation, the optimization of the conditions of chromatographic separation of samples, storage and interpretation of mass-spectra characteristics. The article provides examples of how the above mentioned techniques are used in the detection of signs and evidence of exposure to organic phosphorus compounds and sulfur mustard.

First attempts to ban chemical weapons (CW) as a method of warfare have been made since the second half of the XIX century. At the beginning of the XX century, several legal documents – declarations, protocols and conventions, forbidding the use of poisons, poisonous weapons, poisonous and asphyxiating gases and means of their delivery, have been adopted at the international level. But all these documents, including the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 and the 1925 Geneva Protocol, turned out to be useless and ineffective as a means of deterrence. They could prevent neither large-scale use of CW in World War I, nor their further development. Instead of the assistance to the prohibition of CW, in fact they assisted their legalization and further arms race. The article is dedicated to the history of first efforts to ban CW by international treaties. It describes in details the circumstances of the elaboration of these declarations, protocols and conventions in connection with other general security problems, their further adoption or breakdown. Special attention is paid to the attitude towards CW at the beginning of the XX century and their use as a means of pressure and propaganda.

The article describes a little-known period in the life of one of the major figures of the French Revolution — Paul Barras (1755-1829). That was the time of his youth, attempts to make a career as a professional military man. At the same time, the formation of his socio-political ideas took place. The study of this figure is undoubtedly important, since Barras played a key role in such turning points of the revolution as: 9 Thermidor — the overthrow of the Jacobin dictatorship and 13 Vendemière (October 5, 1795) — the defeat of a dangerous royalist uprising that almost destroyed the Republic. He will go down in world history as the leader of the Directory regime. The economic troubles of this stage of the French Revolution, the machinations of corrupt officials, political instability — all this will be blamed primarily on him. He was presented as a certain deputy — a businessman closely connected with the so-called new bourgeoisie. A careful study of his youth does not seem to fit well with such ideas and versions. Neither by origin, nor by his way of life, Paul Barras had anything to do with the French bourgeoisie, neither with the old — Rentier, nor with the new — business. It was a typical representative of the noble nobility of the «sword». His attitude to material values was also appropriate. Such people could squander funds, «burn life», but they were not adapted to entrepreneurial activity. Barras was attracted by service in the navy, adventures in the French colonies. Under these conditions, Barras showed himself to be an independent and courageous military officer, able to show ingenuity at a critical moment. And in another way, his behavior resembled the lifestyle of many young nobles of his time. Just like them, he was a member of the Masonic lodge, visited salons, and was attentive to new social trends. Already under the Old Order, this nobleman and naval officer was inclined towards change. The outbreak of the revolution accelerated this process. This study focuses on the previously little-studied moments of Barras’s biography, such as his military career and social life in Paris before the revolution. The work is based on the memoirs of Barras, parliamentary materials, as well as on domestic and foreign scientific literature.

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The subject of study. The article examines certain aspects to realize freedom of thought and expression, as well as the acceptable limits. Freedom of thought, speech and expression issues are considered separately in the context of the religious component, its characteristics in the Islamic religion. The provisions of the main sources in the Muslim system of law – the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet and Messenger of Muhammad (May Allah bless him) have been studied in sufficient details. The legal analysis on the issues under consideration was carried out based on doctrinal opinions, the current Russian and international legal acts, judicial practice, including the practice of the European Court of Human Rights. The article describes extremism through the prism of freedom of thought, speech and expression. It is noted that extremist activity is one of the consequences of misinterpretation, true awareness and perception of freedom of thought, speech and expression.The purpose of the study. The main purpose of the study is to clarify the origins of conflicts in the process of realizing freedom of thought, speech and expression, and substantiate the hypothesis that freedom of thought, speech and expression should have certain boundaries, especially in context of the influence of the religious factor.The methodology of the study. The study is based on a dialectical approach to the disclosure of legal phenomena and processes using general scientific methods (systemic method, logical method, method of analysis and synthesis) and special scientific methods. Among the latter there are formal legal method, linguistic method, comparative legal method, which have found their application in the legal analysis to realize freedom of thought, speech and expression.Conclusions. As a result, it is emphasized that freedom of thought, speech and expression is the achievement of modern mankind, one of the foundations of a democratic system and an element of civil society. The state-guaranteed opportunity for individuals to exercise these freedoms in society is a guarantee of a "healthy" society in the legal sense. However, as practice shows, unlimited freedom leads to its abuse, thereby infringing on the freedoms of other individuals and therefore, freedom of speech and its expression presupposes the existence of boundaries outlined by the state in the interests of society. The specifics of freedom of thought, speech and expression in the Muslim system of law based on the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet (May Allah bless him), is that this freedom ends where the border line begins, designated by the law of the Most High.

Relevance. In September, 2017 the International Convention on Control of Ships’ Ballast Waters and sediments, in which the Russian Federation takes part, came into effect.Aim of article is to cover the results of implementation of the Convention in Russia, regarding selection and analysis of ballast waters tests for compliance with the international standard.Material and methods. The materials for work were data on ship arrivals at the international seaports of the Russian Federation, provided by sanitary and quarantine departments of the Russian ports, and monitoring researches of ballast waters in seaports of some regions of the Russian Federation. Analytical, bacteriological, molecular methods were applied.Results. The studies of ballast waters in the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions have been conducted for the first time in 2018, and in the Rostov region the study lasts since 2010. The laboratory researches of ships’ ballast showed that E. coli, Enterococcus spp. were in norm, V. cholerae O1 and O139 in ballast were absent. 12 of 21 ballast water tests investigated by specialists of the Rostov region laboratories contained V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, ballast was taken on the ships which arrived from Romania and Turkey.Сonclusion. The results of the molecular and genetic researches suggest that there is a probability of V. сholeraе introduction brougth with ship ballast. Management decisions are demanded to ensure biological safety of shipping and to decrease intestinal infections incidence in residents of the seaside cities.

International Mobile Satellite Organization INMARSAT, established in 1976, has proven its viability and effectiveness by ensuring continuous interaction of states and national organizations in achieving common objectives of the creation and operation of its space segment for the purpose of providing commercial radio communication services for mobile sea, ground and air units, as well as non-commercial radio communication services, including services within the Global Maritime Distress Safety System (GMDSS). In this connection, it is of both academic and practical interest to study the details of INMARSAT’s international law nature. This international organisation is unique because, while having international legal personality, it is directly engaged in providing its space segment. This has affected the structure and content of INMARSAT’ foundation documents (Convention and Operational Agreement), the nature of its membership and content of its bodies’ functions, the rights and obligations of a member state and the national communications organisation nominated by it as the INMARSAT participant. An analysis of INMARSAT’s international law nature will allow to assess the extent to which its organizational and legal structure meets the requirements.

Copyright of International Dialogue: East-West is the property of International Center for Slavic Education- Sveti Nikole and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Vienna Convention on the Law of International Treaties of 1969 over the fi fty years of its existence has become a symbol of the international legal order where the rule of law enshrined in multilateral agreements is dominant. The obligation of international treaties provisions, however, is constantly in doubt, as in the context of globalization, developed states adhere to their international obligations not under the fear of political sanctions, such as retorts and reprisals, but because of the need to maintain high reputation and authority on the international political field. The rationality of international agreements implementation at the national level is often criticized for the reason that, firstly, certain international obligations have become obsolete, and, secondly, any contractual limitation of state sovereignty is intended to achieve economic and/or political goals. Obviously, a unilateral withdrawal of a state from an international treaty is possible only on previously agreed terms, but the usual practice of fulfilling international obligations demonstrates that the content of the principle of pactasunt servanda depends largely on the interpretation of international law, dictated by the doctrine of constitutional justice and legislative policy of sovereign power.

The article deals with the approaches of scholars to the distinction of social rights of man and citizen in general and their constituent right to social protection, and analyzed the norms of the international documents in which they are consolidated. It is stressed that there is a need to bring the requirements of national law in line with European standards in order to achieve a sufficient standard of living for the population, which is the basis of social well-being of the countries. It is proposed to use the term "social and legal protection". Based on the results of the comparative analysis of international and regional standards of the rights of the child and national legislation in the field of social rights of the child, it was stated that it is possible to speak about the high degree of their correlation. It was emphasized that the material norms, which establish the rights of the child, correspond to international and to a large extent to European standards, and the organizational "block" of social law needs to be changed due to the imperfection of the national social security system

The introduction of the temporary administration gives the Deposit Guarantee Fund not only the full and exclusive right to manage a banking institution, but also the right to dispose of them. Due to this, the Fund sold, and the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine acquired one hundred percent of the shares of «Privatbank». The conclusion of this agreement was preceded by recognition of the bank as insolvent, consideration of the issue of threats to national security at a meeting of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, and a meeting of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine about accepting the National Bank’s proposal to buy out a banking institution. Given this, it is worth noting that the nationalization of «Privatbank» began with the introduction of a temporary administration, and it ended with the state registration of ownership rights to the company's shares. Nationalization is a violation of the right to peaceful possession of property and the right to respect for private and family life because the right to engage in commercial activity is in the private sphere, business premises are, according to the practice of the European Court of Human Rights, in the category «home» And the shares of the company belong to the category of«property», taking into account Article 1 of the Protocol to the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. These rights are not absolute, thus there is the question of determining the legitimacy and proportionality of governmental intervention in their implementation. Affiliation of «Privatbank» to systemically important may indirectly indicate the presence of public interest in interfering with the rights of bank owners for prevention a financial crisis. Also, the consideration of this issue at a meeting of the Council of National Security and Defense of Ukraine is intended to aggravate the significance of the problem. The public cannot provide these events with a proper assessment due to the secrecy of all relevant information: the National Bank of Ukraine and the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine refused to provide any information.

The article is about regulatory issues of and legal regulation of the shipowner’s liability for the pollution of the marine environment with oil products. The analysis of international standards that regulate the question of responsibility for pollution. With the growth of urbanization and industrialization, the marine environment is increasingly exposed to a negative human impact, which is causes so-called degradation of the marine environment. It means that the sea spaces lose their initial condition, polluted with different wastes, become a landfill for tons of industrial waste, toxic substances, it also refers to the inappropriate use of the “wealth” of the World Ocean. Many of the “active users” of the sea spaces of our planet simply underestimate the significance of the above in the life of all mankind. Perhaps this is why the attitude to the seas and oceans is so disreputable. The degradation of the marine environment may be associated with a number of sources, including shipping and maritime activity. Every year in consequence of accidents and illegal discharges about 600,000 tons of oil come into the oceans. Despite numerous measures to improve the safety of the use of the marine environment, the rules are violated, vessels that are not suitable for operation, and, moreover, they transport very harmful goods to the environment. The negligence in such sphere leads to the widescale damage of the environment that can not always be eliminated entirely and it is horrible whilethat those who responsible for causing damage often avoid responsibility. The purpose of the article is to consider the question of liability and problem of reimbursement of damages to the environment caused by pollution with petroleum products on the basis of international norms governing this area of relations. Legal liability is just one of the many legal instruments used to prevent degradation of the oceans, but it is urgently needed to increase its efficiency, becaus the welfare of all living is at stake. Since being so vast and significant, the marine environment is under threat and definitely requires careful attitude and protection.

The notion of the cultural heritage of humanity is relatively recent, but its protection and conservation date back to the Renaissance. Over time, this type of initiatives has been supported legislatively, which provided a legal framework, including the obligation to protect and rescue humanity’s exceptional natural and cultural assets. One form of legislation on the protection and conservation of heritage is the Paris Convention of November 1972 which, for the first time, brought to public attention the idea of World Heritage. Romania adopted the convention by Decree No. 187/1990. Since then, our country has managed to list eight UNESCO cultural and natural sites and with the promulgation of Law No. 410 of December 29, 2005, on the protection of intangible cultural heritage, it registered six other heritage elements, the Romanian culture thus occupying a well-deserved place among the cultures of the world. The 1972 Convention is important due to the impetus was given to the countries of the world to preserve, protect and promote their national values, but also to place them among other world property of exceptional value.

Анистратенко Антонина, Мойсей Антоний. Путешествие во времени как отголосок ритуальной пластики фольклорных обрядов в художественной прозе. Художественная литература как вид искусства проистекает из фольклорной традиции и, глубже, в мистических верованиях, что ей предшествовали. Путешествие во времени как прием в художественной литературе, по нашему мнению, имеет гораздо более глубокие корни и относится к началу периода господства мифологического мировоззрения. В данной статье мы попытаемся осветить особенности, характер и способ заимствования приема путешествия во времени из фольклорной пластической обрядности в художественной прозе на материале современной украинской литературы. Для реализации анализа авторами взяты за основу образцы современных романов с использованием путешествия во времени: В. Кожелянко «ЛжеНострадамус», В. Пелевин «Generation П», Ю. Щербак «Время смертохристов» и историко-этнографические исследования, основанные на полевом материале, в т. числе пластических и драматических обрядов украинцев. Ключевые слова: путешествие во времени, современная проза, пародийность, условность, хронотоп. Anistratenko Antonina, Moysey Antoniy. A time travel as plastics aftersound of ritual folk ceremonials in the artistic prose.The artistic prose as a form of art appear in the folk tradition and, more deeply, in the mystical beliefs that preceded it. The journey in time as a reception in fiction has much deeper roots and comes from the period of domination of the mythological worldview, in our opinion. In the proposed article we will try to analize the peculiarities, the nature and method of borrowing from the folklore plastic rituals into artistic prose on the material of modern Ukrainian literature. For the analysis result the authors use the samples of contemporary novels using time travel: the "False Nostradamus" V.V. Kozhelanko, "Generation P" V.Yu.Shrebak, "Time of Deaths of Christ" and historical and ethnographic materials, based on field material, on Plastic and dramatic rituals of Ukrainians. The time in the literary work plays a conceptual role for the genealogical marking. Therefore, is developing the problems of chronotopic inversion in modernist literature, the manifestations of the time space of an artistic work, the origin of elements of time repeatedly became the subject of close study of literary critics. These are, first and foremost, such works as V. Danilenko's monograph "The Harvest in the Desert", "The Structure of the Artistic Text" by Y. Lotman, "The Forms of Time in the Chronotop of the Novel" by M. Bakhtin, "The Chronotop" by L. Gogotiishvili, "The Chronotop as an Aspect of the Study of the Slavic Romanticism "by N. Kopistyanskaya," Categories of Medieval Culture" by A. Gurevich, works by A. Durkheim, V. Cabo and others. The basis for the realization of travel in time isthere is also combined with the ceremonial drama, besides the unstable and non-vectored time manifestation. In the national calendar, the greatest unit of measurement of the annual time is the season of the season changes. According to folk tradition, off-season boundaries are fuzzy, they differ in different regions. This is how cyclical the recurring calendar time is expressed. In order to make the trip, it used proclamations and ritual actions with certain objects, for example, a cherry or apple tree that was kept, torn during the flowering period and could affect the speed of the winter and spring arrivals. Before the realization of the journey in time in the work of art is also a condition that causes a shift of timeplanes. A way of fixing the conditionality in fiction, which was secured by the existence of magical plastic rituals, when the magician conducting ritualism causes the realization or materialization of the intentioned out of time. From idea to creation does not pass any time interval, as is customary in the historical flow of time. This happens due to identtification. We can conclude that the methods and concepts of borrowing and fixing the shift of time planes or traveling in time as a way of accepting artistic prose are considered in the article, it is worth mentioning the following principles: the switching of the recipient from linear time to calendar cycle time, providing characters (for example, Clim Starigl of the novel "False Nostradamus" by V.Kozhelanko) of supernatural possibilities, in particular, dominating over absolute time, overcoming the distance in time from the preseent to the future (divination). Key words: travel in time, modern prose, parody, convention, chronotope.

Matei Iliescu, by Radu Petrescu is one of the first Romanian novels to launch the bookish dialogue with the memory of the erotic paradigm of literature. It’s a novel about the erotic speech, about the erotic literature and its characters. Eros becomes a metatheme, an illustration of the world erotic prototypes in the post-modernism mirror. The Eroticon of the mirror, the theatre of seduction, the Eroticon of the window, the idyllic and love-passion erotology etc., are redesigned and rewritten according to the poetics of the „Targoviste School”. The romantic fable between Matei and Dora becomes a novel narrative occasion for a rewrite of the old love prototypes in a post-modernist key to test their validity in a paper world, in a world of library.

The article discusses the current state of the legal regulation in the sphere of ensuring citizens’ rights of access to environmental information in the Republic of Kazakhstan.Public awareness contributes to a better understanding of environmental issues and their direct participation in the decision. Public authorities should ensure appropriate public access to environmental information, as well as to take measures to improve the quality, timeliness and relevance of the material submitted.

According to Aristotle spoken words are signs of impressions, and those words which are used as names have conventional meanings. This theory of meaning poses a problem because it is unclear how exactly impressions which are essentially subjective may be assigned to names conventionally, i.e. due to certain interactions between different persons. In the following article the nature of the problem as well as the most prominent notions of conventions are analyzed: it is shown that considering the ways by which conventions about meanings should be established according to them the problem cannot be eliminated. It is also claimed that this is the problem not only for the particular Aristotle's theory of names, but also a problem for a much wider set of theories of meaning and interpretation.

Series about the Adventures of Teoś Kefirek Małgorzaty Strękowskiej-Zaremby According to the Patterns of a Detective Novels Małgorzata Strękowska-Zaremba is the author which writes a children’s novels. In her cycle of Teoś Kefirek she was inspired by classic pattern of detective novel, but she was able to modify it. She tries to work out her own style, creates colorful characters and fixes them in the 21st century realities and on the other hand she is capable of using conventional elements of genre and renews them with her own suggestions. She also intertwined the moments of great suspense with situations full of humour on account of young readers.

The paper deals with Ivan Bunin’s poems written in 1916 – 1952, which remain still the least examined part of his oeuvre. In this period the author’s attitude to creative work might be called ambivalent: at the same time he was certain of the anti-entropic matter of art, but disappointed in its resources. The poet purposed to deny all kinds of conventionalities, to speak about things that are “truly yours and genuine, and justly claim to be expressed, to leave a trace…” Both his prose and lyrics were affected by this claiming to escape the conventionalities of art, to liberate the artistic form, to draw literature closer to the real. The genre of the most liberating potential appeared to be the fragment. The poet’s lyrical self-expression assigned to such fragmental construction is even more distinct in prose, where the fragment is more stable in genre respect. It was important for Bunin to represent incompleteness and infinity of life. Word and reality tend to get substantially closer, but the verse form, inevitably bound to literature and cultural associations, resist the approach. That is why the conventionalities of verse could not be overcome even with the maximal simplification of style and rhythm.

Within the paper it is examined the institution of extradition between Romania and Serbia, in the light of the provisions of the Treaty into force and the Romanian special law. We have also achieved a comparative examination between the provisions of the bilateral instrument and that of the European Convention on Extradition of 1957, an aspect which highlighted some elements of resemblance between them, several provisions of the European legislative act being taken into the bilateral legal act. The elements of novelty of this paper concern the comparative examination of the two international legal instruments, references to Romanian special law and de lege ferenda proposal, through which we express our opinion for the adoption of a new law regulating the institution of extradition between the two countries. The work can be useful for academics and institutions with direct responsibilities in the domain of judicial cooperation in criminal matters in the two states.

Purpose: to define and determine the basic functions of International convention “SportAссord” activity within the framework of international sport movement. Materials and Methods: 21 literary sources have been analyzed. Results: International convention “SportAссord” is a nongovernmental sport organization, which unites, supports, coordinates and protects international sport federations and organizations in the international sport movement. “SportAссord” does its activities in accordance with United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1296 (XLIV), provisions of the International Olympic Charter and Code of Ethics, grounding on World Anti-Doping Code. The president is the head of administrative office, with the departments and board of executive body under control. General Assembly is the supreme authority, which carries out the range of basic tasks and grants authority to the management of “SportAccord” and its members for them to fulfill general and special functions. Conclusions: the International convention “SportAccord” activity is aimed at carrying out tasks by fulfilling general and special functions on the basis of international and internal legal documents.

The article analyzes the existing legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the sphere of environmental protection and enforcement mechanisms of the legislation in this field, the role and mechanisms of the Aarhus Convention.

This paper attempts to reveal the content of the principles of transparency and openness of administrative litigation with regard to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The analysis of the European Court of Human Rights concerning the application of these principles.

The fundamental rights and freedoms contained in international documents may be the object of the denial of an extradition request as independent exceptions, even if they are not covered by extradition treaties. The right to life is a fundamental human right whose protection must be achieved in the extradition proceedings. By Law no. 30/1994, Romania ratified the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, adopted by the Council of Europe.

The article views the issues of international norms implementation into anticorruption legislation of Kazakhstan Republic, gives a brief analysis of contradictions between the Kazakhstan and international anti-corruption legislation and proposes measures for eliminating these contradictions.

The article focuses on issues relating to international protection of the rights of children living in socially dangerous situation. In particular, it examines various international instruments that address the rights of children. Such documents include, for example, the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child (1924), Declaration on the Rights of the Child (1959), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966), Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) and others. In addition, the article focuses on such leading international organizations like the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF), as well as specific monitoring mechanism ‒ the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, which acts as a guarantee of protection of the rights of children living in socially dangerous situation.

This article provides a scientific analysis of the viability of the intangible cultural heritage in Ukraine as a component of traditional culture that promotes moral and aesthetic self-recovery of nation, preservation and development of customs, traditions, Ukrainian language, the revival of national consciousness, spirituality of people, the image of Ukraine in the European cultural space, and is the basis of the professional art development. On the example of folklore, the importance of "living culture" for humanity in the twentieth century is emphasized. The researches made by Dmitrenko M., L. Ivannikova, I. Kimakovych, I. Koval-Fuchylo, L. Kozar, A. Shalak, T. Shevchuk focus on topical issues of folklore study, the specific operation of traditional Ukrainian intangible culture, in particular the detection in the traditional culture of those phenomena that can adequately represent the global Ukrainian cultural and artistic integration process. However, the existing problems of the traditional culture of the XXI century in the context of sustainability of IKH in Ukraine as an example of folklore require more thorough study. It is noted that Ukraine is a multiethnic state, which has a huge variety of cultural traditions and ethnic and cultural features. The viability of the intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine reflects the traditions, rituals, customs, etc. for the operation of culture. The attention is focused on the ritual transmitted orally from generation to generation and which retains in modern edge all original elements and functions: socialization, communication, emotional, aesthetic, consuming - and is a prime example of respect for the festive and ritual tradition. Attention is focused also on traditional folk culture that is intertwined with folklore and is the root foundation of centuries-old culture of the peoples of Ukraine, retains its vitality, a system of spiritual values of the people directed to form patriotic education, comprehensive development of a nationally oriented person. It is noted adding to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO the element of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine - "Petrikivsky painting". The prospects of other elements of the cultural heritage of Ukraine that claim to international recognition were outlined. It is concluded that the traditional culture of the XXI century in the context of the viability of the intangible cultural heritage in Ukraine on the example of folklore as its spiritual component is a deep foundation of all variety of types, shapes, orientations of nation-type culture and reflects people's identity, based on the continuity of cultural traditions and preserves the most important elements of the spiritual side and historical experience of peoples. Developing for many centuries, cultural traditions function naturaly and perfectly in adaption the national culture to the society and a human to national statehood. Without knowledge of the depths of the indigenous culture and its values, one can not protect her. Intangible cultural heritage of the XXI century is in need of preservation, promotion on local and European levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The features of conducting of V Zaporozhye regional fitness-convention 2007, main from which are common reduction of number of participants of convention (negative tendency), expansion of the program of convention due to the inclusion of separate master-classes, appearance, in the program of convention of theoretical section are exposed. Recommendations to drafting of the program of courses of fitness-instructors are developed