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Цель. Оценить и сравнить эффективность и безопасность одномоментных и этапных чрескожных коронарных вмешательств и транскатетерных имплантаций аортального клапана. Методы. Поиск источников проводили в базах данных PubMed, Google Scholar и Cochrane Library по ключевым словам. Отобрали наиболее цитируемые исследования, содержащие данные о подходах к эндоваскулярному лечению пациентов с ишемический болезнью сердца и аортальным стенозом при помощи одномоментных и этапных чрескожного коронарного вмешательства и транскатетерной имплантации аортального клапана. Анализировали показатели выживаемости, осложнений и других конечных точек исследований, а также влияние очередности вмешательств на исходы лечения. Результаты. При поиске по ключевым словам в базах данных выявили 1 527 оригинальных источников, из которых в обзор включили 60: проспективные и ретроспективные исследования, а также последние рекомендации профессиональных сообществ по сердечно-сосудистым заболеваниям, данные статистики оперативных вмешательств и заболеваемости, фундаментальные работы. Приблизительно в 70 % случаев используют этапный подход, при котором сначала выполняют чрескожное коронарное вмешательство, а затем транскатетерную имплантацию аортального клапана. В большинстве работ при сравнении различных подходов не выявлено достоверной разницы по конечным точкам, в госпитальном периоде их частота, как правило, в пределах 3 %, а в отдаленном — до 30 %. Тем не менее при детальном анализе частоты определенных контрольных точек в ряде работ выявлены противоречия. Заключение. Несмотря на активное изучение результатов одномоментных и этапных чрескожных коронарных вмешательств и транскатетерных имплантаций аортального клапана, ответ на вопрос о том, какой подход лучше, не определен. Последовательность вмешательств не отражена в современных рекомендациях, большинство крупных работ носит ретроспективный характер, а их выводы неоднозначны. Необходимы дополнительные проспективные исследования, чтобы определить категории пациентов, которым та или иная очередность операций принесет наибольшую пользу. Поступила в редакцию 9 апреля 2024 г. Исправлена 19 мая 2024 г. Принята к печати 2 июля 2024 г. Финансирование Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки. Конфликт интересов Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

The problem of the research is to identify persons potentially capable of spreading violent ideology at the stage of arrival in a penal institution, during the mandatory psychodiagnostic examination of inmates. The aim of the study was to build a probabilistic model for identifying disseminators of extremist-terrorist ideology. The subject of the study was behavioural characteristics and profiles of protective mechanisms of those convicted of extremist-terrorist crimes. The research methods were expert assessment of behavioural characteristics of convicts and the LSI (Life Style Index) test, which allows to determine behavioural and emotional features of an individual based on the defence mechanisms. Comparison of the behavioural characteristics of persons capable, according to the assessment of the staff, of spreading the ideology of violence, largely corresponded to the behavioural characteristics of the functioning of such defence mechanisms as projection, compensation and reactive formation. At the same time, the behavioural characteristics of individuals with a low probability of propagating extremist-terrorist ideology corresponded to the functioning of defence mechanisms: suppression, regression and intellectualisation. Further research is expected to identify the personal characteristics of inmates vulnerable to radicalisation in prison.

Objective. Elaboration of a model to assess the risk of radicalisation in adolescence. Background. The problem of radicalisation in adolescence is one of the most important problems in modern society, the search for mechanisms of radicalisation, as well as the development of preventive measures are in the focus of attention of researchers. Methodology. In the logic of the social identity approach and based on the uncertainty-identity theory of M. Hogg, a model for assessing the risk of radicalisation in adolescence is formulated and outlined. Conclusions. The formulated model for assessing the risk of radicalisation in adolescence postulates: individuals with multiple social identities and individuals without multiple social identities differ in groups that attract them (groups that provide them with meaningful positive social identity): those without multiple social identities have a preference for a group that would give them an clear and certain prototype.

Based on M. Hogg’s uncertainty-identity theory, a radicalisation risk assessment model was formulated. The aim of the presented study was to test the model for assessing the risk of radicalisation in adolescents and young people. A total of 580 adolescents and young people aged from 14 to 27 years (M=17.32, SD=1.66) took part in the study; 392 respondents were female, 7 respondents did not indicate their gender. The main method of the study was a survey in the form of a questionnaire. The risk assessment model got partial empirical support. For further validation of the model it was proposed to implement the following steps: 1) to identify the particularities of social identities in a subsample of schoolchildren; 2) to analyse the characteristics of the groups with which schoolchildren and students identify themselves; 3) based on the results of the most recent studies, it is proposed to use the method of social identity mapping, which demonstrates its advantages over traditional ways of measuring social identity.

Many contemporary authors addressed digital and online education, competencies, and lifelong learning. However, less is said about the importance of interpersonal relationships, even though they are essential for preserving the sustainability of education. The research aims to examine the field of human relations. To achieve this goal, the theory of organisational and social psychology was used. Relations can only be implemented through interpersonal dialogue. From an environmental perspective, both subjective and objective factors were determined to define the strength of the relationship. It was concluded that the teacher’s personality is the key to success at all levels of education. It is justified that the result of curricula’s central regulation is that the education of tomorrow’s professionals is directed by today’s professionals, who often have an interest in providing what is needed now rather than what may be needed in the future. It is proved that it is not enough for students to be aware of the academic mission, nor for the university to be a kind of training site for the labour market. From a socio-psychological perspective, it was disclosed that teaching quality mattered most, but subject to the theory of organisational psychology. The introduced materials can be utilized by universities to work on the nature of graduates’ preparation through the advancement of their character. Considering various approaches to the organization of education participants’ activities and characteristics of their self-development, the model for the formation of the value system of future teachers will make it possible to provide conditions for the individualization of training paths.

A.S. Balalin, V.P. Fokin, S.V. Balalin, B.G. Dzhashi Volgograd Branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Volgograd, Russian Federation Aim: to develop a combined technology of optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy and selective laser trabeculoplasty and to evaluate its efficacy and safety in the treatment for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Patients and Methods: this study enrolled three groups of patients. Group 1 (study group, prospective) included 87 patients (87 eyes) with early and moderate POAG before and after optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy. Group 2 (control, prospective) included 78 patients (78 eyes) with early and moderate POAG before and after selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT). Group 3 (control) included 60 healthy individuals (60 eyes). A technique to determine the topography of the collector channels and Schlemm's canal was developed to perform YAG-laser trabeculostomy. The location of the collector channels was determined with regard to Schlemm's canal using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patients were followed up after 1 day, 1, 6, 12, and 24 months. Results: after combined optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy and SLT, a significant IOP-lowering effect (reduction in IOP level by 30.1%) was reported as early as day 1 after surgery. Meanwhile, after SLT, the maximum IOP-lowering effect (by 21.5%) was observed only 1 month after surgery. Over a year, a gradual decrease in the IOP-lowering effect (17.2%) was reported after SLT. After optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy, the IOP-lowering effect was stable (by 30.1%) being 26.2% after 2 years. When comparing the percentage of IOP-lowering regimen, group 1 (after optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy) patients used less combined medications (by 27.7%) than group 2 (after SLT) patients. Moreover, IOP-lowering therapy was canceled in 18.4% and 10.3% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: YAG-laser and OCT optimize trabeculostomy by providing an alternative non-invasive laser treatment for patients with early and advanced POAG. Optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy along with SLT (in contrast to SLT alone) reduces IOP faster, provides a more significant and stable IOP-lowering effect, and allows the surgery to be performed in the projection of the collector channels more accurately using acceptable laser energy values. Keywords: glaucoma, trabeculostomy, selective laser trabeculoplasty, primary open angle glaucoma. For citation: Balalin A.S., Fokin V.P., Balalin S.V., Dzhashi B.G. Long-term outcomes of combined optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy and selective laser trabeculoplasty for primary open-angle glaucoma. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(4):181–191 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-4-2.

Based on the analysis of Kisler's commitment model and Weiner's attribution theory, a hypothetical chain of events resulting in brand commitment was offered: focus of attention → causal dimension → self-esteem → commitment. Its existence was tested in two studies that manipulated the focus of attention of participants in order to strengthen the weight of one of the two causal dimensions, attribution of choice results to internal/external causes (Experiment 1) and attribution of choice results to stable/unstable causes (Experiment 2). 60 students (29 men) and 72 students (29 men), respectively participated in studies. Results were analyzed using ANOVA and path analysis and supported the existence of the assumed chain of events resulting in commitment in both studies. At the same time, as expected, such a chain of events was more pronounced in the situation of success in Experiment 1 and in the situation of failure in Experiment 2. The advantages of using the attribution theory to explain the commitment and prospects for further research in this area are discussed.

The article examines a clinical case of Wernicke's encephalopathy in a 34-year-old man who abused alcohol. The initial impression of the patient's condition was suspected of poisoning by surrogate alcohol, botulinum toxin, multiple sclerosis, Lyme disease, acute multiple encephalomyelitis, etc., because the anamnestic data on alcohol abuse could not be detected immediately. Specific triad of clinical manifestations - cognitive decline, ocular symptoms (nystagmus, diplopia, ptosis), ataxia, which appeared after alcohol abuse, specific changes on MRI (revealed damage to the thalamus with dilated ventricles and loss of density in mammillary bodies. As a rule, symmetrical in the midbrain, hypothalamus and cerebellum. Blood test for vitamin B1 confirmed the diagnosis.Treatment with vitamin B1 caused regression of symptoms, improved the patient's condition.Additional methods (history, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, blood for thyroid hormones and infectious pathogens) contributed to the differential diagnosis and exclusion of other diagnoses. Further in the article the analysis of clinical thinking in the process of diagnosis and differential diagnosis, establishment of this diagnosis in the historical aspect, unity and differences with Korsakov syndrome, epidemiological, pathogenetic, clinical, prognostic and treatment-and-prophylactic aspects of Wernicke's encephalopathy are presented.

Today, thanks to the development and implementation of new modern instrumental research methods in the daily practice of doctors, such as computed tomography with angiography, multispiral computed tomography, ultrasound examination of vessels with duplex scanning, celiacography, upper and lower mesentericography, etc. Every year, the information content of the above examination methods is growing, which will certainly lead to an increase in the frequency of detecting rare vascular pathologies that cause hemobilia. The method of treatment for this vascular pathology is endovascular embolization using embolizing coils and substances. A clinical case of a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and endovascular treatment is presented. a. gastroduodenalis with the formation of a pseudo-aneurysm (40 × 20 mm) with antegrade blood flow along a.pancreaticoduodenalis superior and a.gastroepiploica dextra distal to the aneurysm of a 28-year-old patient who was urgently hospitalized in the surgical department of Kyiv Regional Clinical Hospital. After the surgical treatment against the background of conservative treatment, the patient’s general condition improved and the hemoglobin level increased. A multidisciplinary approach helps to choose the right tactics for managing a patient, even with such a rare vascular pathology that has led to hemobilia. The gold standard for diagnosis and treatment hemobilia is angiography and endovascular embolization, which can be an alternative to open surgery, minimizes the risk of postoperative complications and reduces the rehabilitation period. If it is impossible to carry out the above technique or its ineffectiveness, further treatment is surgical.

One of the controversial issues in modern behavioral economics is associated with the role of emotional and rational criteria for the consumer's choice of goods for purchase. Until recently, the economic theories of such a choice were dominated by an intellectualistic approach, in which the decisive role was attributed to the rational criterion. Recently, both the opposite point of view and the recognition of the role of the interaction of both criteria in making a decision by the buyer have appeared. This article presents the results of a pilot experiment in which the subjects evaluated the images of a pair of cars and made a decision about the possible purchase of one of them. The assessments were made in two ways: either on a 7-point “like-dislike” scale (global emotional assessment), or on four specified criteria (rational assessment). The main issue of the experiment was to determine the predictive power of one or another type of assessment in the final choice of the purchased car. From the data obtained in the experiment, the main conclusions follow: 1) affective estimates are inferior in predictive power to total analytical estimates if the choice of an object is made immediately after its analytical estimates, but they are not significantly inferior in the condition when the choice is made when it is postponed; 2) affective assessments are inferior in the success of election predictions to analytical assessments in the younger age group (subjects under 40), but do not differ significantly in this in the older age group; 3) affective assessments are most closely related to analytical assessments of car design, which, in turn, are the closest in terms of the success of election predictions to the total analytical assessments. All this suggests that there is no absolute advantage of any strategy (rational or emotional) choice in the presence of several alternatives.

The demands of practice for the development of radicalisation risk assessment tools are still ahead of the capabilities of psychological science. An analysis of radicalisation risk assessment models used predominantly in the penitentiary systems of several countries suggests that these tools are controversial, hence the need for further theoretical reflection and experimental testing. The aim of the theoretical and analytical study outlined here is to formulate the key components of a model for assessing the risk of radicalisation in adolescent and young adult environments. Critical analysis of risk assessment models and social psychological theories of radicalisation allowed to demonstrate the advantages of M. Hogg’s uncertainty-identity theory in comparison with other explanatory concepts. Following the ideas of the uncertainty-identity theory several hypotheses were proposed in order to assess the radicalisation risk among adolescents and young people.

The article focuses on an aspect of Napoleon Bonaparte's work that receives less attention: Napoleon the publicist. It explores the emperor's memoirs written while he was on the island of Saint Helena. The author, analysing the outcast's texts, tries to make sense of them and to give the reader an insight into the deep meaning of Bonaparte's writings. The object of the study is both the text itself and its structure. The author offers his own interpretation of the message and address of Napoleon's memoirs and, for the first time, explores the emperor's work from the same perspective.

Problem. Terrorism is a long-standing phenomenon, it has existed for more than two millennia. It has been changing over time, acquiring the new features and characteristics of a particular era, but one feature has retained unchanged: terrorism still poses a serious threat to society. Purpose: the focus of our attention in this paper is to look into the potential of socio-psychological knowledge to assess the risk of radicalization in the adolescent and youth environment. This determines the purpose of the theoretical analysis presented here. Results: In the absence of risk assessment tools, M. Hogg’s theory of uncertainty-identity is an empirically proven theory adequate to explain the process of radicalisation (taking into account that a person is not radicalised alone, committing actions involving extreme violence is not an automatic continuation of extreme (or radical) ideas). The model explains why and how people join groups with extremist and radical beliefs, as well as why they pre-fer acts of violence, acting on behalf of these groups.

Drug trafficking has created many problems for the Central Asian republics and caused significant human and financial losses. The high profit and prosperity of this trade has caused terrorist and extremist religious groups in this region to move in this direction in order to consolidate their power and buy the weapons they need to use. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of drug trafficking and the resulting organized crime in a descriptive-analytical manner and to obtain the required information from articles-books in this context, the main research question is: What effect can Narcotics have on the Central Asian countries? Findings from the research show that the use of extremist religious groups - which exist in most Central Asian countries - has posed a threat to the economic, political, security and social dimensions. Thus the Central Asian republics in order to control and management of these problems seeks to expand in the form of regional and trans-regional organizations, including the Central Asian Cooperation Organization, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, as well as the ECO to resolve tensions.

Cerebrovascular diseases remain among the world`s most pressing problems due to the high mortality, disability, reduced quality of life, development of dementia and a high risk of recurrence of cerebral circulatory disorders. Over the last 15 years, there has been a tendency to increase the number of cerebrovascular diseases among young people. The clinical manifestations of the initial cerebrovascular disorders are nonspecific and require additional examination and development of individual treatment and prevention measures. This review of chronic cerebrovascular disorders in young people is based on the analysis of local and foreign literature. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the problem of the initial manifestations of cerebral circulatory failure in young people: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures.

Relevance. According to the modern realities of hostilities in the East of Ukraine, the medical community has grown a request for information about the nature of the most dangerous defeats of the participants of the Joint Forces Operation (JFO) in Donbass. Objective: analysis and generalization of the nature of heart injuries received during the hostilities in the East of Ukraine, the stages of medical support of such wounded. Materials and methods. Analysis of scientific publications in scientific journals of Ukraine by keywords for the period 2014-2018. Results. The nature of injuries among participants in the JFO has been analyzed. The first place is occupied by injuries of blood vessels with bleeding (60%), 2 - pneumothorax (34%), and 3 - airway obstruction (6%). All this can be combined and supplemented by damage to the nervous system and other organs. In the conditions of the modern war in Donbass, shrapnel injuries (50.5%), bullet wounds (25.3%), and closed injury (20.3%) are considered frequent types of injuries. The classification of heart injuries, clinical symptoms, the levels of support for such a wounded are described: first aid at the prehospital stage ("golden minutes") on the battlefield, qualified medical assistance ("golden hour"), specialized medical care in a hospital. Post-traumatic stress disorders have been described that last from one to 6 months and require complex treatment. Conclusion. According to NATO's new military medical doctrine, "an effective and reliable medical support system contributes to maintaining the trust of the military and the general public in the army and its political leadership".

A pilot experiment was conducted to determine the nature of electro-dermal activity in a situation where a person evaluates several more or less close alternatives, choosing the most preferred one for him. We often find ourselves in such situations, choosing one or another product for purchase, which is a private copy of a certain category of goods. The final choice is influenced by many factors, both conscious (rational) and unconscious. In behavioral economics literature, the latter are often viewed as irrational components of choice. One cannot agree with this, if we take into account the fact that the unconscious contains, among other things, the whole experience acquired by a person in the process of his conscious activity. However, the question of the relationship between conscious and unconscious components in human behavior, in particular, being in a situation of choice, remains open. In the experiment described below, it was found out how objective (usually unconscious) indicators of choice correlate with those subjective assessments that accompany such a choice and which are reflected in behavioral, accessible to the awareness of human actions. The galvanic skin response (GSR, according to Feret) served as an indicator of the unconscious component of choice. The result of a conscious choice was recorded in the form of a mouse’s movement trajectory, controlled by the subject. The main conclusion is that the least preferred objects, the attractiveness of which is estimated to be significantly lower than the most preferred objects, cause stronger GSR, i.e. there is an inverse relationship between the amplitudes of the GSR and the estimates of the attractiveness of the objects. The hypothesis is formulated that the primary emotional response, reflected by unconscious visceral reactions, in the process of awareness is subjected to correction in the direction of positive values. Additional experiments are planned, including with the involvement of other indicators of emotional dynamics.

Relevance. It is relevant to develop new technological solutions for palliative surgical treatment of patients with unresectable pancreatic head cancer (UPHC), since the incidence of postoperative complications in such patients reaches 25 %, and mortality – 20 %. Objective. To improve the diagnosis and immediate results of palliative surgical treatment of patients with UPHC complicated by obstructive jaundice, duodenal obstruction, and carcinomatous pancreatitis. Materials and methods. At the first stage of the study, criteria for the diagnosis of PHC complications, tactics and methods for their surgical correction were evaluated (group I, 159 patients). After analyzing the results, a new technology for the surgical treatment of patients is formulated, the clinical testing of which was carried out in the second stage. An open, prospective, randomized study included 112 patients with UPHC complicated by obstructive jaundice (group II), who underwent palliative surgical treatment using patented surgical procedures. A comparative analysis of the results of surgical treatment of patients of both groups was carried out. Results. The safety and effectiveness of the simultaneous implementation with biliodigestive gastrodigestive shunting has been proven. The advantages of the tactics of two-stage surgical treatment of patients with signs of liver failure are shown. In patients with high anesthetic and surgical risk, the replacement of open surgery with endoscopic prosthetics of the biliary system and duodenal obstruction is justified. In severe forms of carcinomatous pancreatitis with expansion of the main pancreatic duct, a technique for combined bilio- and pancreatodigestive shunting is proposed. When multiple organ dysfunctions with hepatic-renal, hemorrhagic syndromes are formed in patients with obstructive jaundice, decompression of the biliary system by minimally invasive techniques is shown in the first stage, and the main stage of surgical intervention in the second. As a result, the incidence of postoperative complications was 9,8 %, mortality – 3,7 %. Conclusions. In patients with UPHC cancer complicated by obstructive jaundice, performing instead of traditional biliodigestive bypass surgery combined bilioastrodigestive bypass surgery is a safe procedure that does not increase the frequency of postoperative complications, prevents the need for repeated gastro-digestive interventions, improves the quality of life of patients in the long-term postoperative period. The operation of choice in the surgical treatment of patients with UPHC complicated by obstruction of the biliary system and duodenum with high surgical and anesthetic risk is endoscopic interventions with endoscopic prosthetics of the bile ducts and duodenum.

On 60 white outbred rats of both sexes weighing 180-200 g, a model of chronic nitrite intoxication of the body was reproduced by oral administration of an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite at a dose of 17 mg/kg for 3 months (N. I. Bulayeva, 2004). The control group consisted of 10 animals that received ordinary water. Under ketamine anesthesia, every month the rats were sacrificed by decapitation (15 each). Total fragments of the dura mater of brain were impregnated according to V.V. Kupriyanov (1975). Analysis of the microvasculature was carried out with morphometry of the diameter of microvessels using an eyepiece micrometer. The quantitative data were processed statistically, with an assessment of the Student’s t-test. Microvasculature of dura mater of brain of intact animals is represented by a wide-mesh network formed by anastomoses of arterioles (A) and venules (V), which had even contours and a rectilinear course. Diameter A is on average 21 microns, V - 37 microns. In order to objectify the diameter of microvessels in the dynamics of intoxication, in the intact group, they are divided into 2 morphometric classes: 1st class - small and 2nd class – large. After 1–2–3 months of chronic inoculation with sodium nitrite in dura mater of brain, signs of progressive vasodilation, tortuosity, argyrophilia of the microvasculature walls are revealed with the appearance of atypically large (3rd morphometric class) microvessels, in which signs of edema and cell infiltration are noted. Conclusions. Thus, 1st month after chronic inoculation with sodium nitrite, violations of the microvasculature of dura mater of brain are characterized by plethora of all links of the channel, maximum by the 3rd month, an increase in their permeability with the formation of perivascular edema, stasis, and blood aggregation. The results of the study can be useful in deciphering the pathogenetic mechanisms of chronic nitrite intoxication and used in the selection of therapy.

The energy aspects of the problem of intraterrestrial heat transfer in various forms are discussed. Endogenous causes of conductive heat flow dispersion − radiogenic heat generation, tectonic movements and magmatism (volcanism), including its latent and open discharge in the form of volcanic and hydrothermal activity are considered. The geological ordering of the heat flow in the continental crust is related to convective discharge of the heat and mass flux from the mantle, marked by the isotopic composition of helium in freely circulating underground fluids. The combined transport of heat and helium, as well as the correlation of He isotopic compositions in volcanic and hydrothermal gases and Sr compositions in young lavas, testify to the silicate nature of the heat and mass flow emanating from the mantle reservoirs of different depths.

The article is an attempt to give impetus to the ongoing discussion about the further development of the domestic legal system and scientific legal thought. The emphasis is on the prospects of expanding the self-organization of economic and other entities, narrowing its legal regulation. It is proposed to involve the maximum number of theoreticians and practitioners in discussing the possibility of modernizing Ukraine’s legal system, taking into account the qualitative and quantitative increase in the achievements of scientific and technological progress, the development of new social relations that have not yet been affected by legal influence. In particular, it is proposed to introduce the concept of the Charter of economic activity into circulation, which, as it is supposed, can shorten the time for introducing changes to such a normative act, to allow the maximum to reach a compromise between business entities with respect to the system of legal support for the economy of the country. The author proves that this way of modernizing the legal system is a kind of “healthy” lobbying of socially useful interests, but at the same time it is necessary to clearly fix the rules of such activity with what, as shown, the domestic legislator could not cope. It also touches upon a wide range of philosophical and legal issues in the social life of people, their various relationships as prerequisites for the emergence of subsequent legal ordering and the direction of the relevant relations in a socially useful channel. The issue of the future of the profession of a lawyer as a promising area for further research in the context of the same scientific and technological progress is touched upon.

Objective: Examining issues of continuity of the ambulance service (AS) with primary health care, Nursing Care Hospital and other profile services. Methods: An analysis of the activities of the AS station, Nursing Care Hospital, city health centers, large hospitals were carried out. The materials of the Traffic Police Department of Dushanbe were used in the victims of road accidents, as well as the existing normative legal acts and regulating the activities of the Ambulance Medical Care. Results: The need for medical social assistance (hospital stage) increased 4 times. Number of AS calls in the working hours health centers increased by 45.3%. The number of patients, who died in an accident before the arrival of AS, due to the lost "golden hour", was 13.9%. Conclusion: Rational use of the possibilities of the Nursing Care Hospital, Health Centers, the extension of the bed fund for medico-social care, and the adoption of a number of integrated measures a legislatively and organized nature, including measures at reducing fragmentation of health care can significantly reduce the load on the ambulance.

Досліджено гідродинамічну стійкість в'язкої нестисливої рідини, розміщеної між вертикальними паралельними поверхнями. Розглянуто вільну конвекцію з парним профілем для швидкості. Для дослідження використано варіаційний принцип нерівноважної термодинаміки – метод локального потенціалу. Визначено критичне значення критерію Грасгофа, залежно від числа Прандтля та значення хвильового числа, за якого відбувається перехід від простої до складної дисипативної структури. Також враховано кут нахилу шару відносно гравітаційного поля. Представлений метод розрахунків з використанням тільки однієї пробної парної функції швидкості та одної непарної для температури дає змогу отримати задовільні результати.

New methods of surgical treatment of rare tumours of heart Among benign heart tumors, except most frequently observed myxomas (89.6 % саses), non-myxomatous benign tumours, including fibromas (0.4 % саses) may be diagnosed. Two cases of tumours of rare localizations, i.e. in right atrium and left ventricle, are presented. In both cases low-invasive technics using videocameras, significantly facilitating procedures inside the heart, were used. Usage of low-invasive approaches with video assistance in cardiac surgery, contrary to standard sternotomy, significantly decreases intrasurgery trauma and blood loss, as well as pain syndrome after surgery. This facilitates early rehabilitation of the patients and decreases its terms. At the same time the complete spectrum of intracardiac surgical manipulations and methods is preserved. The development of this direction in cardiac surgery is very perspective, but the individualized approach to every patient is needed.

В статье рассматривается способ вымогательства через призму квалификации преступлений в рамках криминалистической характеристики преступлений, поскольку вопрос способа совершения такого уголовного правонарушения, как вымогательство, вызван неоднозначной трактовкой самого вымогательства в Уголовном Кодексе РК. Проводится сравнение диспозиций статей, смежных с вымогательством. Делается вывод о том, что требования о передачи чужого имущества или права на имущество или совершения других действий имущественного характера под угрозой распространения сведений, позорящих потерпевшего или его близких, либо иных сведений, оглашение которых может причинить существенный вред интересам потерпевшего или его близких и составляют содержание способа совершения вымогательства организованными преступными группами. Ключевые слова: организованные преступные группы, вымогательство, способ совершения вымогательства, уголовные правонарушения, криминалистическая характеристика, требование передачи имущества.

The article describes an experiment which used a new methodological approach to the study of covert recognition of faces by means of registration electro-dermal activity under short-term exposure of familiar and unfamiliar faces and the backward facelike masking stimulus. In contrast to previous studies the control of stimulus awareness allows us to evaluate not just the correct recognitions, but false alarms too. We used as the familiar faces not faces of the well-known persons, but faces of persons from the inner circle of subjects, including the subject’s own face. We confirmed the hypothesis that the characteristics of the electro-dermal reactions in response to familiar and unfamiliar faces will not be different in subjects with a high level of false alarms. However, for the group of subjects with practically zero false alarm rate and zero discriminability of familiar and unfamiliar faces an analysis of electro-dermal reactions have been mixed. On the one hand, as analysis on a group level showed, nor electrocutaneous reactions frequency, nor their amplitudes were not significantly different for the familiar and unfamiliar faces. On the other hand, it is clearly that these individual median and mean values of the amplitudes of subject's reactions are in average more than 2 times stronger when viewed familiar faces than viewed unfamiliar ones. These results leave a good chance to prove the effect of covert identification of faces in further experimentation with other groups of subjects

We describe a study conducted in the framework of a structural approach based on the ideas of social representations of S. Moskovici. His goal was to reveal the characteristics of representations of crime, criminals and victims in young students, as well as connections between these representations. The sample consisted of 96 students, aged 18 to 23 years. We used the traditional approach of structural theory of social representations: the method of free association with the subsequent prototypical analysis of the received associations. The initial assumptions about the structure of social representations of crime, criminals and victims, as well as the relationship of these ideas, have received full or partial empirical support. We discuss the features of the representations structure, as well as the ways for further research of this problem

The paper introduces a procedure of approximating polynomial calculation to allow identifying magnetic linkage and electromagnetic force of an electric shock absorber mathematical model

Complex examination of 336 athletes of 16 different specializations, having qualifications of Master of Sports and Master of Sports of International Level, showed specific morphofunctional and hemodynamic features of an “athlete’s heart”, indicating their adaptive character and depending on the specific character of sporting activity.

The world economic crisis of 2007-2009 has concerned many branches of manufacture. But the branches connected with photovoltaic instead of recession demonstrated an unknown increase on about 85 % these years. It is related with that the investments which are not finding the appendices in falling off industries, "flow" in the perspective directions connected with the high technology directions of renewed power.

The influence of low temperature on the optical properties of polyimide films and its polymeric composition (PC) with powder filler of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) YBa2Cu3O6+x (where x=0,7) and concentration: 0,05%;0,01%; 0,5% were investigated. The optical characteristics were studied in spectral range 190-1100 nm on spectrophotometer SF-2000. It was established, that the cooling by liquid nitrogen causes the reduction of light-transmission coefficient on 3-6%, but there is no any changing in optical dencities, and it may be because of the decreasing of free ions concentrations in the polyimide film structure. For PC with HTS filler 0,05%; 0,1% light-transmission coefficient after cooling remains unchangeable, but for concentration with 0,5% the increase light-transmission factor on 15% was found. These facts are evidence of processes with inverse re-structural changing’s.

Synthesis on the basis of natural matrices in order to acquire products with the desired properties is one of the promising trends of modern science. Using polysaccharides as a matrix allowed to generate derivatives with diverse structures and new properties. Growing interest towards anti-microbe effect of selenium-containing nano-composites is induced by the phenomenon of antibiotic-resistance of contemporary pathogenic microorganisms.Clavibacter genus bacteria are the most significant and widely spread among gram-positive bacteria. Bacteria cells are static pleimorphous rods, normally singular, sometimes coupled or joined in short chains, strict anaerobes in need of certain growth factors, non-sporogenous. Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus cause potato ring rot. At the tuber slice the damage is shaped as a ring; growing bacteria are accumulated in the conducting vessels causing their occlusion and therefore gradual withering of leaves and stem. This disease is distributed at all the continents including Australia. Harvest loss through ring rot damage may reach 10-45%.Our work was aimed at the study of complex interaction between microbe cultivar and selenium-based nanocomposites. Bacterial strain Аs1405 was acquired from the All-Russia collection of microorganisms, IMBP RAS. This genus is not included in the classification of pathogenic microorganisms by pathogenic groups of Sanitary-Epidemiological Rules SP 1.3.2322-08. The present study was focused on characteristics of the acquired strain.Fluorescent and electronic-scanning microscope was used to acquire photographs of bacterial cells. Pathogen was identified by PCR-analysis, which confirmed the presence of DNA of desired size. The extracted DNA was sequenced with the sequenced sequence added to Gen Bank under the number HQ394204. Cellulolytic and phytotoxic activity of this strain was determined.Chemistry Institute named A.E. Favorsky provided water-soluble nano-composites containing selenium stabilized by various polymers. Nano-composites anti-microbe activity was studied on the investigated strain of potato ring rot. Nano-composites of elementary selenium (3.4% Se) and Se with arabinogalactan acquired from SeO2 (1.23% Se) were found to demonstrate anti-microbe effect increasing with the rise of selenium content. The work enumerates various conditions and time periods of cultivation and determination of the influence of the given water-soluble nano-composites on bacterial cells survivability.