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The objective is to determine the sensitivity of A. baumannii and P. a eruginosa (etiological a gents of implant-associated i nfections) to the ML-10 magnesium alloy biodegradation products to justify the possibility of its application in traumatological practice as implants with antibacterial activity. Methods: ML- 10 magnesium alloy extract was made based on Mueller-Hinton broth (pH 7.4). Its bacteriostatic activity was assessed by the presence/absence of visual growth of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa in culture tubes, and the bactericidal activity -- by the presence/absence of growth of microorganism colonies on agar plates after plating from the tubes after 24, 28, and 72 h of incubation. Results: the extract of alloy ML-10 magnesium alloy has a high bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity in relation to the clinical strains of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. No growth of microorganisms was visually detected in test tubes with extract, which indicated a significant bacteriostatic activity of the alloy biodegradation products. In the study of bactericidal activity, the maximum growth of bacteria on agar was observed after the first seeding from tubes (24 hours of incubation of the extract) into which microorganisms were added the day before at a concentration of 109, 108, 107 CFU/ml. The number of colonies grown on agar after the second seeding (48 hours of incubation of the extract) was significantly reduced, and after the third seeding (72 hours), the growth of microorganisms was absent in most of experiments. In the case of the addition of microorganisms at a concentration of 106, 105, 104 CFU/ml, there was no colony growth on a solid medium after seeding from these tubes. Conclusions: ML-10 magnesium alloy biodegradation products exhibit high bactericidal activity against clinical strains of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, which are the causative agents of implant-associated infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The classification of cell types under agar culture was proposed. Six cell morphotypes were allocated. The statuses were identified depending on the reduction of monade attributes of cells. The variants of transition from one cell morphotype to another under dissolving mucilage were shown. The monade, cocciod, palmeloid and gloeocysta morphotypes approximately equally represented in all clades. The asterococcus and mucogleocysta morphotypes presented only in Reinhardtinia and Oogamochlamydinia clades. Any morphotype isn't typical for all clades of Chlamydomonas-like algae at once. The most of morphotypes numbers (5 from 6) are presented in Reinhardtinia clade. This demonstrates the diversity of the Reinhardtinia clade species. There are only one morphotype presented in Polytominia and Monadinia clades. There are four morphotypes presented in Oogamochlamydinia clade, three - in Moewusinia, two morphotypes - in Chloromonadinia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results of the study on growth and morphological peculiarities of valuable medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris from the culture collection of mushrooms of Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine are given. Using the method of scanning electron microscopy, the micro-morphological structures specific to this species were studied. This allows identifying this species in pure culture. Culture-morphological studies were performed on four agar nutrient media. Glucose-peptone-yeast agar medium, malt agar extract and incubation temperature of 16 °C were the most favorable for the vegetative growth of all the tested strains. Temperature of 36 °C is critical. Maximal growth of C. militaris was observed at pH 6.0-6.5. The optimal sources of carbon for vegetative mycelium growth were glucose, lactose and sucrose, whereas peptone and yeast extract were the best sources of nitrogen. Light irradiation of different nature stimulated the radial growth in agar media and accumulation of their biomass in liquid ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. In this study we have analyzed the expression of some water stress-inducible genes of Arabidopsis. Methods. A method of growing the A. thaliana seedlings at slowly lowering water potential on an agar-solidified medium was used. Gene expression was analyzed using a method of real-time PCR. Results. We have detected an increased expression of RD29A and AtP5CS, two ABA-dependent genes. At the same time, their expression did not reach the level observed in the experiments where the conditions of acute water stress were imposed. The levels of expression of AtP5CS correlated with the concentration of proline in the seedlings of A. thaliana. However, there was not detected a significant increase in the expression of DREB2?, RD17 and ERD1, three ABA-independent genes. Conclusions. The pattern of gene expression under conditions close to natural ones may differ from that observed under an acute water stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]