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Index of Authors and Papers Published in the Journal «General Reanimatology» in 2017.

The content of the article up consists in methodological reflections about general principles of experimenting in linguistics on the whole and in Russian linguistics in particular. In this regard the article deals with the studies which are within the tradition starting in the works of I. A. Baudeuine de Courtenay, L. V. Sherba and other linguists who thought the address to the language consciousness (language feeling) to give the relevant information about the language itself. The other line is the reflection over axiomatization and absolutization of this principle in modern anthropocentric linguistics. Though these two lines present different subjects coming from different sources and different research presumptions, they are put in close connection and interrelation. In conclusion, the author states that a full and deep view of language cannot be created without studies based on the other contrary presumption.

The Task Force for cancer treatments and cardiovascular toxicity of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).

The paper sums up the experimental linguistic research of Russian words and texts carried out by the group of Western Siberia linguists under the supervision of the author of this paper. The experiments were based on different materials, they used different forms and ways of experimenting. The paper presents the attempt of realizing and reflecting their set as some entity united by the main principles of making experiments and peculiarities of their realization in hindsight. The paper presents two directions: methodical and methodological. The first direction, presented in Paper 1, consists in the collection and systematization of the positive experience of particular experimenting. As a result of its realization the following principles of experimenting are pointed out and described: word inclusion into the context; seriality; paradigmatic and syntagmatic organization; approximation of the experimental situation to the real speech situations. According to the author, such generalizations can be useful for other researchers to conduct similar experiments.

For the majority of Russian companies in recent years to become a reality the implementation of mixed paper and electronic document management with the constant increase in its electronic component and the emergence of new organizational and technological forms. The idea of mixed electronic and paper document is the basis of the conceptual approach of gradual expansion of the use of electronic documents. This fact is particularly important in view of what is now different organizations are at various stages of implementation and use of electronic document technologies. Furthermore, the use in the foreseeable future a mixed electronic and paper document allows to take into account the advantages and disadvantages of paper and electronic media.

The article analyses the global trends and prospects of development of pulp and paper industry. It assesses the directions of application of biotechnology in forestry and pulp and paper industry. The paper presents forecasts of growth and market development of products created using biotechnology. It identifies goals and objectives for the development of biotechnology pulp and paper industry in Russia.

On 7 May of 2015 the Department of Comparative Politics of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia held a “Round-table” Conference commemorating the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War under the title: “Memory of the war and war on memory: historical lessons of the past and political challenges of the present”.

The purpose of the investigation was to comprehensively assess working conditions and their impact on the health of female workers engaged in the manufacture of present-day paper wallpaper. A complex of sanitary-and-hygienic, clinical-and-physiological, sociomedical, and statistical studies was used to tackle the tasks set in the investigation. Stage 1 made a sanitary-and-hygienic assessment of industrial factors (microclimate, noise, vibration, the content of toxicants and dust) in the workplaces of female workers from the papering shops using an Elita rolling automatic machine. The following stage analyzed morbidity among the workers and identified a number of functional parameters. A combination of poor factors characterizing their parameters and exceeding the sanitary standards influenced on the workers engaged in the manufacture of paper wallpaper. The leading harmful industrial factors are heating microclimate, production noise, and the working air level of harmful chemical substances in the working air. The production process under such microclimatic conditions causes the body's thermal changes characterized by the senses of total warm discomfort and the tension of thermoregulatory mechanisms, as confirmed by weighed mean skin temperature studies and decreased working capacity. The working conditions in the manufacture of wallpaper products are shown to result in an increase in female morbidity.

Objective: to assess an effect of chemical contaminants contained in emissions of pulp and paper mill on prevalence respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in population of Novodvinsk. The average annual concentrations of chemicals of concern were calculated by modeling. A prevalence of population was studied by using of the primary medical documentation in sex among children from 0 to 17 and adults from 65 and older Hazard index (HIi) was used to assess the non-cancer health effects. Unit risk was used to calculate individual cancer risk (CR). Testing of null hypothesis was conducted by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and ?2. The hazard index for respiratory tract (HIi = 3,54; 95% CI: 3.34-3.70) and cardiovascular system (HIi = 0.78; 95% /DE: 0.74-0.82) in the district close to the Arkhangelsk pulp and paper mill (APPM) were higher than in remote districts. In this district the prevalence of bronchial asthma in boys (30.7+13.8%), women (47.0+9.8%) and men (127.4+45.2%) was the highest. Also in this district the prevalence of hypertension among women (139.1+14.4%) and men (311.5+56.1%), diseases of veins among women (48.2+10.8%) and diseases of upper respiratory tract among men (177.0+36.4%) was higher than in remote districts from the APPM. The level of CR in the district located close by the APPM was acceptable (1.0 (10-5; 95% CI: 9.0 (10-6-1, 18(10-5).

Hydrolytic ability of laboratory enzyme preparations from fungus of the Penicillium genus was investigated using kraft pulp from nonbleached softwood and bleached hardwood cellulose as substrates. The enzyme preparations were shown to efficiently hydrolyze both softwood and hardwood cellulose. The yields of glucose and reducing sugars were 24-36 g/l and 27-37 g/l from 100 g/l of dry substrate in 48 h, respectively, and depended on the number of substrate grinding cycles.

To evaluate the cytogenetic and cytotoxic effects of a set of pollutions in the town of Koryazhma, the investigators made a complete karyological analysis (cytogenetic, apoptotic, and indirect proliferation parameters) of buccal and nasal epithelial exfoliative cells in two groups of old school age children living at various distances from a pulp-and-paper mill (PPM). The residential area that is adjacent to the PPM can be considered to be poor in the influence of genotoxic factors since there were 1.6- and 1.65-fold increases in cytogenetic disorders and cells with an atypically shaped nucleus, respectively, with a 1.57-fold reduction in the level of cell apoptosis. Karyological changes were revealed in the nasal mucosa, rather than in the buccal mucosa, which permitted one to recommend for the evaluation of the influence of environmental factors, the impact of ambient air pollution in particular, and to conduct cytogenetic studies on the cells of not only the buccal epithelium (that has been better studied), but also those of the nasal epithelium.

Index of the Papers Published in the “Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology” Journal in 2010.

150 patients with acute festering odontogenic periostitis were under observation. In 75 of them Koletex-M absorbent paper was used as draining material containing as active components metronidazole, dimexide and sodium alginate. In the control group of patients traditional schemes of treatment were used. Treatment process efficacy was estimated by microbiological and cytological studies. It was found that Koletex-M absorbent paper use reduced postoperative wound microbe semination. In 3 days the cells of regenerative series were found that led to speedy wound healing and reduction of temporary disability terms.

The article analyzes actual methodical research areas in Russian as a foreign language. The author bases on Doctor and Candidate dissertation papers defended at the chair of the Russian language and methods of its teaching over the past 10 years.

The paper dedicated to the “round-table” conference “Public-Private Partnership” which was organized by the Department of the comparative politics of the Peoples` Friendship University of Russia (PFUR) and held on December 1 2014 on the faculty of the humanities and social sciences. Among the participants of the conference were the lecturers and the students of the political department of the PFUR.

The problems of creation of local history atlases of municipal areas by students cartographers within performance of final qualification papers are considered in the article. The choice of such subject demands from the trained in fact carrying out independent innovative complex research. The technology of creation of local history atlases of certain areas includes design and formation of base of spatial data of GIS, drawing up on its basis all-geographical and thematic maps, development of registration and computer design of maps. Considering this subject through the prism of competence-based approach of modern FGOS, it is possible to notice that the performance of the corresponding final qualification paper promotes development of both common cultural and all-professional competences of students.

The problems of the creation of the basic reasons of Ukrainian nation’s political identity in the context of cultural and political dimension have been revealed in the article. It has been found that Cyril and Methodians understood the reasons of political division, which had historical and spiritual background. It has been shown that members of Cyril and Methodiy’s company tried to determine the variations of directions in the development of national and political unity and to determine the Ukrainian national - cultural priorities. They argued that the Ukrainian mentality had been formed on the basis of the following dominant principles: respect to the family, esthetical love to their native land, rational and ethical attitude and respect to human life. It has been indicated, that Cyril and Methodians had proven the idea about the state of the national culture, which had transformed into the global culture through Russian culture, although Ukrainian and Russian culture had perceived differently the importance of global processes. Big attention has been paid to the fact that free Ukrainian people had the experience of struggling for the affirmation of present national character, they did not want to form unions that would destroy freedom. The achievements of Ukrainian national freedom have been described primarily in the implementation of the “freedom” of the individual. Statements of the human freedom being the need of self-expression inside the individual freedom by means of obtaining a sign of social freedom have been suggested. It can be provided when collectivism has no pressure on the will of the individual and cannot influence its intellectual potential. The emphasis has been referred to the fact that the psychology of self-defense is based on Ukrainian cultural achievements being the part of its national identity. The forms of language development, the construction of temples, traditional rituals of rural life have been developed. The “live” power laid in national and cultural achievements of Ukrainians as they borrowed the values from other cultures and adapted to their minds. This happened due to the fact that national culture was formed as a specific element of the current world culture and withstand the pressure of “great power.” It has been noted that Ukrainians contributed to the development of Russian culture, they dissolved this so-called Little Russian mentality in the Russian public sphere and popularized Ukrainian spirit. The impact of ideas of European Slavophiles Decembrists, Ukrainian philosophers to the attitudes of Cyril and Methodius has been reviewed. Theoretical and methodological basis to analyze the maturing political identity formed work of contemporary philosophers, political scientists, cultural studies, where they were identified and developed fundamental categories methodology regarding patterns of political thinking Ukrainian nation.

A new 2D-model of geological structure in the vicinity of Europrobe seismic reflection profiling in the Urals (ESRU) was built to the depth of 15 km. For the first time as a result of analysis of anomalous fields behavior on the parallel profiles in 2D-modeling of density and magnetic properties of the region the applicability of the method was estimated. It was modeled deep seating magnetic body situated under the gravity active layer. Probably this body discontinuing here and there is a continuation of the body revealed in the west part of the Urals Reflection Seismic profile (Urseis). Versions of interpretation of the body were discussed: 1. Block of Precambrian metamorphous rocks with ferruginous quartzite; 2. Block of ocean type rock or mantle diapir (plum). The former is more possible. At the West the upper (up to 3.15-4.8 км depth) part of the section is represented by early Permian terrigenous sediments. Below in the model is a formation (thickness from 0.7 km at the West, up to 1.7 km at the East) of light clastic rocks, below of which situated more dens limestones of middle Paleozoic with thickness from 0.7 km to 1.5 km at the East. The deepest layer of sediment section is constructed from mainly terrigenous thickness of 1.1-1.3 km. The bottom part of the model represents structures of Russian platform basement that moving further to the East submerge under the Ural structures. At 107-125 km along profile the basement intrusion of gabbro-diorite has emerged. From 126 to 142 km along profile one can see a block of terrigenous rocks that probably is a graben of Russian platform. A comparison has been made for blocks of the basement and known ancient metamorphous complexes of the west slope of the Urals (Taratash, etc.). From 169 km along profile one can note falling to the East and broadening with depth highly magnetized body, which probably is serpentinized ultramafic rocks. To this part of the profile Sarany ultramafic intrusion is projected. Ultrabasite zircon age is 1756 ± 12 Ma. Two superimposed stages of zircon formation 464 ± 5 and 439 ± 3 Ma is possibly to be interpreted as age of tectonic ultramafite re-processing. Thus Sarany intrusion probably is the uppest part of the big block situated in 30 km to the West and structurally below Main Ural Deep Fault

Comparative dose-dependent ability of different statins to lower serum low-density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol was determined in three large meta-analysis. Besides, it was found that standardized decrease in LDL cholesterol levels on 1.0 or 1.8 mmol/l leads to rate reduction in ischemic heart disease acute episodes as well as stroke depending on treatment duration. Effect of LDL cholesterol reduction on stroke occurrence was more significant in studies, which included a major share of patients with vascular disease, because these patients have a higher risk of thromboembolic stroke (rather than haemorrhagic stroke) in comparison with the general population.

The paper considers the question that has gained relevance in the last decade: whether the cryptocurrency bitcoin is money. The economic literature provides different opinions on this issue. The analysis shows that disagreements arise because of the different understanding of the category of ‘money’ rather than because of the nature of bitcoin. The author analyzes popular interpretations of money in terms of their applicability to the definition of the role and place of cryptocurrencies in the financial system. The purpose of this study is to define money as a financial instrument that linksthe creation of gross social product with its distribution. The author believes that money emerged and exists as a tool that ensures a connection between the contribution of each economic entity to the total product of society and the right to receive an equivalent amount of goods from this gross product. At the same time, the author defines money as an ‘ideal right’ to receive a share of the gross social product. In this regard, the analysis of bitcoin shows that this cryptocurrency allows obtaining goods from the gross social product in many countries, while bitcoin owners do not contribute to the gross social product. Based on this, bitcoin cannot be considered money; it is a money substitute, or surrogate money. At the same time, bitcoin was created as money and performs the functions of money, but to a limited extent. Bitcoin can only perform the functions of money as a supplement to an existing official currency. It is not capable of functioning as the only currency in a society. The interpretation proposed in this paper can be used for the purposes of developing the Russian law on cryptocurrencies is currently being worked on by the Government and the Central Bank of Russia.

General Guidelines for Submission of Original Research Papers

The effect of cellocandin, an enzymatic preparation from Getrichum candidum 3C-106 with cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities, on defibring of waste paper and acceleration of desiccation of paper pulp was studied. It was shown that cellocandin accelerated defibring of waste paper to cellulose fibers and desiccation of cellulose suspension.

Кантария Р.О., Ватазин А.В., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Степанов В.А. Туберкулез легких и кишечника у реципиента почечного трансплантата. Трансплантология. 2019;11(2):141–149. https://orcid.org/10.23873/2074-0506-2019-11-2-141-149

The author considers three periods in creating Russian textbooks for foreign students: a classic paper, an electronic and a smart textbook. The author describes their specific features. The author presents his own concept of smart Russian textbooks for foreign students and their place and functions in education.

The paper is the third part of the author’s publications cycle devoted to professional stability of future teachers. The paper deals with the analysis of one of the approaches to professional consistency of a teacher and its constituent elements (such as motivational, emotional, cognitive, professional-pedagogical and others).The paper touches upon the analysis of the reason for mixing the concepts ‘stability’ and ‘consistency’ in the scientific literature and their synonymous use; the concept ‘stability’ is studied in the field of the sciences that do not identify‘stability’ as ‘consistency’, but use them independently of each other (particularly, sociology, ecology).

This paper continues the series of publications on the morphology of the dialect of Staroshvedskoye (Sw. Gammalsvenskby), which is the only surviving Scandinavian dialect in the territory of the former Soviet Union. The village of Staroshvedskoye is located in the Kherson region, Ukraine. Its Swedish dialect historically belongs to the group of Swedish dialects of Estonia and goes back to the dialect of the island of Dagö (Hiiumaa). The dialect of Gammalsvenskby is of interest to slavists as an example of a language island in the Slavonic environment. From around the 1950s, the main spoken language of all village residents, including dialect speakers, has been surzhik. Due to the complete lack of studies of the present-day dialect and because of the severe endangerment in which the dialect is currently situated, the most urgent task is to collect, classify, and publish the factual material. This paper introduces comprehensive material on nouns in the conservative variety of the present-day dialect. It lists all masculine nouns of types 1b, c, d, and e together with their cognates from Estonian Swedish dialects; comments on the history of the forms are given as well. The sources for the material presented here are interviews with speakers of the conservative variety of the dialect recorded by the author during fieldwork in the village from 2004 to 2013. We plan to publish nouns of other types in later articles.

The history of the Ruthenians (Rusyns) in Southern Hungary, later in Yugoslavia, was in the focus not only of the authors who were members of this national community, but also of Hungarian, Ukrainian and Yugoslav scholars and historians. In the socialist Yugoslavia the most significant contribution to the historiography of the Ruthenians in the Serbian language was the project of the Institute of History of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina – the papers of five historians with five different themes which are chronologically linked under a common title Iz istorije vojvođanskih Rusina do 1941. godine (From the History of Vojvodinian Ruthenians until 1941), published in the Almanac of the Society of Historians of Vojvodina in 1977. Although it has been more than four decades since the publication of this collection of papers, it has still not been critically presented and assessed. We think it makes sense and justification to present this work, even after long delays, at least in a basic outline, to show how much and in which direction it pushed the limits of new knowledge and to draw the attention of future researchers to some shortcomings, anachronistic and ideologically motivated attitudes and obvious material mistakes.

At an international online expert meeting held on September 16, 2021, the results of the empagliflozin research program EMPA-REG Outcome, EMPEROR-Reduced and EMPEROR-Preserved were reviewed. We analyzed cardiovascular and renal outcomes during the treatment with empagliflozin in patients with chronic heart failure, regardless of the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The positive results of the EMPEROR-Preserved study are updated and their significance for clinical practice is discussed. Several proposals have been adopted that will accelerate the introduction of empagliflozin therapy into practice in patients with heart failure and overcome clinical inertia.

COMMENTARY ON THE PAPER «USE OF NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITITIDES, INCLUDING ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS, MONITORING THEIR EFFICACY AND SAFETY (DRAFT GUIDELINES OF THE EXPERT SPONDYLOARTHRITIS DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT GROUP)» BY I.Z. GAIDUKOVA ET AL.

In 2003, 2005, 2011–2012 extensiveness and intensity of mite infestation of Sphexicozela connivens Mahunka, 1970 (Acari: Winterschmidtiidae) of social wasp Polistes dominula (Christ, 1791) pupae and adult sexual generation on colonies not infected and infected by parasitoids Latibulus argiolus (Rossi, 1790) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Elasmus schmitti Ruschka, 1920 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were analyzed. It is shown that under the conditions of the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve (Southern Ukraine) the intensity of mite infestation in P. dominula colonies infected by Elasmus schmitti was lower than that in uninfected wasp colonies or colonies with L. argiolus. A negative correlation between intensity and extensiveness of mite infestation and the number (share) of wasp nest cells containing infected E. schmitti brood was revealed. Mites on the host pupae containing E. schmitti larvae were not recorded. Such correlations were not revealed in case of L. argiolus. Mites live both on host larvae and parasitoid larvae. Laboratory experiments have shown that E. schmitti females, unlike L. argiolus, leave heavily infected by mites wasp nest if they were there by accident. Parasitoids selectivity in regard to mite infestation of wasp host is considered in connection with their biology peculiarities.