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The paper contains the results of an analysis of stages related with emergence of standardization of the healthcare system in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Attempts are described to standardize (unify) the medical services rendered to the country's population that lasted for as long as 10 years. The first medical standards of diagnosis and treatment comprised the clinical components alone, whereas the most recent standard embraces also the results of economic estimates, which show the cost of diagnostic and therapeutic measures as well as of surgical and anesthetic interventions. A lack of a unified methodological basis as well as of a normative-and-legal foundation and of analytical research is for today a problem for the promotion of standardization in Kazakhstan. At the same time, introduction of new economic relations into the healthcare system is impossible without evaluating the quality of medical care, which must be expressed both quantitatively and qualitatively and which is possible only if the actual measures and achieved results are compared with the defined norms and standards.