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Underachievement in school is seen as a failure in traditional theories of education. An alternative construction of school underachievement, from the point of view of Michel Foucault' s approach to power and George Kelly's principle of elaborative choice, is offered as the subject matter of this paper. Instead of being construed exclusively as a measure of good education, school success can be seen as the effect of normalization based on the power of discourses dominating in a society. In the same time, underachievement can be seen as a form of resistance to dominant discourse, as well as a way of defining identity in accordance with marginalized discourses whose significance is not recognized or respected from the point of school authorities. The prevailing tradition of European rationality treats poor achievement as a case of norm deviation. The individual perspectives are discounted as irrational and disordered behavior, requiring treatment. Kelly, however, asserts that claims of irrationality reflect poor understanding of individual perspectives. When individuals resist the dominant discourse and underachieve despite their abilities, they are making an active choice which should be understood from their point of view. The choice someone makes is always an elaborative choice. Thus underachievement may be construed as resistance to power, based on the principle of elaborative choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article concerns education for civil society through regular schooling as a significant issue of preparing children and young people for life in a modern, complex society. The paper aims to improve our understanding of the concept and the objectives of education for civil society, the role of the teacher, the role of teaching methods and the influence exerted by school culture. It also seeks to point out serious implications and open questions concerning our school practice. The article brings findings from several relevant studies emphasizing their significance for the improvement of our educational practice in relation to civil society. It places particular emphasis on the importance of interactive working methods, functional attitude of the civil society oriented teacher as a role model for students, the atmosphere in which students can express critique and personal attitudes, as well as the importance of school culture stimulating the balance between the culture of a role and the culture of support. Special emphasis is laid on the need for flexible approach to subject matter in relation to civil society as well as the need that it should not be limited to one school subject. Education for civil society is supposed gradually to become the principal model for school practice, both in subject matter content and in extracurricular activities as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article treats the most controversial subjects of educational sciences nowadays – the quality management. The teacher as the manager of the entire process of teaching – learning – assessment has not only to control but to guarantee its quality as well. The teacher `s task is to make the student responsible for the quality of the learning process and to give the proper tools in this context too. This paper raises the method of using the report as an instrument of quality management.

Self-regulated learning (SRL) has become a current focus for research, and one of the essential axes of educational practice. Taking of current publications in the filed as our reference, this paper’s objective is to examine the main points of learning and of the concept self-regulated learning related to the characteristics differentiated students high self-regulating, and the relationships between SRL and academic performance in the university context. A review of relevant research revealed that: learning is an active, cognitive, constructive, significant, mediated and self-regulated process; the characteristics attributed to self-regulating persons coincide with those attributed to high-performance, high capacity students. However, SRL is not a characteristic that is genetically based or formed early in life so those students are "stuck" with it for the rest of their lives, SRL can be thought, learned and controlled.

In the conditions of high instability, uncertainty and changing of environment of contemporary organisations, management of changes and knowledge become priority social strategies, and readiness for changes, flexible usage of knowledge and creativity become the most important competences of people in contemporary organisations. Knowledge, creativity, taking initiative and readiness for changes are the condition of development, survival and success of organisations, but of individuals as well. Our basic question is aimed at the possibilities of the contribution of basic education to the preparation of the young for working in turbulent environment, where work and professional competences involve readiness for changes and innovativeness. In terms of educational policy it implies the need for the creation of upbringing- educational model which will be capable of providing optimal answers to the changes in environment. The key notion of pluralist educational concept, based on democratic values, is the acceptance of the plurality of ideas. Our researches suggest a significant positive correlation between the variables tolerance of independence and the acceptance of the plurality of ideas. Based on that fact, using the theoretical-analytical method, this paper argues the compatibility of pluralist concept in education with the demands of contemporary organisations from the perspective of preparing the young for the inclusion in work in the uncertain, changeable organisational environment of knowledge society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our purpose is to present an overview of the Self-Regulated Strategy instruction models for university students in this paper. Here you will find the theoretical framework “ACRA Model” of learning strategies and the Self-Regulated Development (SRSD) model implementation, as well as the foundational basis for there effectiveness. These models intended to help students develop the necessary skills to be self-regulated learners. The information is presented, intro- duced and explained: sequence of five mental operations of written information processing which the semantic storage of conceptual, theoretical knowledge facilitated is facilitate; the steps and the purpose behind each step. We stressed that the instructional process is what determines the effectiveness of strategy instruction.

The paper identified the dimensions for changing the teacher’s role in a society of knowing, characterized by a higher level of social links and a more active implication of the citizens, as well as the requested competences for the teachers to answer efficiently to such a change; it also analysed the change dimensions of the teacher’s role, stressing the changes in their duties and the problems they have to face with; it presented the factors that caused these changes.

The aim of this paper was to separate the social and behavioral profile of the young population from the eight development regions of Romania. Poll data and statistic methods of variation comparison and factorial analysis allowed us to describe in comparable terms the young population from the development regions. The most differentiating dimensions between the eight regions are those related to the endowment of the young people with ITC goods and to their behavior in their spare time. The paper presents social and behavioral "portraits" of young people in each region.

The paper deals with different aspects of the psychic space in psychoanalysis. The authors suggest a classification of personality types which may be useful in a clinical-psychological research of the psychic space in patients with agora-claustrophobic disorders.

Evaluation is a recent and very important field, which has very complex influences for educational process. In this area there are a multiple factors which are determinants for evaluation efficacy. Many studies about evaluation, especially in higher education, became a priority for research in education. In this paper we try to survey the attitude about the evaluation process in Romanian universities.

In 1989 the protest in ex Soviet Moldavia went with the demands over matters of language, history and national identity. Following the explosive entrance of the mass of 1989, protest actions of 1995 and 2002 came as continuation of that debut, stipulating the national values of that time. Frustrated by the alienation of national values in time, the potential protesters of 1989 re-gather and require their collective actualization as a new “wave of national revival”. Like an unre- solved conflict, „the incomplete dossier of 1991”, reappears cyclically, every time when political decisions put forward national problems. This paper is intended to be a contribution from social psychological perspective to understand the 1989 events. We have done a series of comprehensive interviews with persons who had participated in diverse manifes- tations of protest of 1988-1989. The main question of this endeavour was how the performers’ representations look out founded initially in the direct confrontation with the eventful tumult (with the experience of the new and therefore with the possibility of change), reflected now, post factum by means of narrative discourses.

The paper presents the results of hygienic studies of the psychophysiological status of school children going to educational establishments of different kinds, which have established the best psychophysiological status in intensively taught schoolchildren.

Self-instruction process analyse in the paper as automatic control system, propose the structure of a system and adaptive algorithm of the learning process control.

Klara Majtinskaja. born in Hungary, became one of the most renowned Finno-Ugrists of the Soviet Union, authoring most valuable in-depth papers on some general Finno-Ugric issues, on language contacts and contacts between language families, as well as several studies on the Hungarian, Mordvin and Mari languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The combined use of cardiointervalography and an orthostatic test allows detailed assessment of the adaptive capacities of the cardiovascular system. The paper gives the results of examination of 60 healthy adolescents from Yamal. Adjustment mechanisms have been assessed by means of hemodynamic parameters in boys and girls.

This paper discusses the role of pedagogical historiography in forming pedagogical knowledge, both from the aspect of history and from the aspect of the present status of this discipline. Our aim is to observe the problems of pedagogical historiography, as a scientific and teaching discipline, in the context of forming of pedagogical knowledge. The process of transformation of heuristic function of the history of pedagogy is analysed - from the traditional approach which emphasises its role in forming pedagogical culture to the orientation of historical research and education in pedagogy towards theoretical and professional knowledge. The development of history of pedagogy as a scientific discipline is mostly observed through three phases: the first, focused on research of the development of pedagogical ideas and/or school system, lasted until the 1960s, when it was replaced by social history of education, while today it is mostly spoken about the "cultural history of education". The evolution of pedagogical historiography is also followed by the changes in its relation towards theory and practice of education, which is especially dealt with in this paper. In the conditions of radical changes in epistemology of social sciences and university reform, pedagogical historiography faces the question of its own relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The criticism of the current language in school textbooks indicates the gravity of this problem in our environment and the need to solve it. The first step in approaching this problem is studying the reception of primary school textbooks. In the first part of the paper we discuss all primary school textbooks from the fifth to the eighth grade with regard to the frequency of textbook usage and the perception of the difficulty of textbook language. In the second part of the paper there is an additional analysis of history, geography, biology, physics and chemistry textbooks from the fifth to the eighth grade with regard to the reasons for which pupils find them difficult. This preliminary research comprised in total 120 pupils from an urban school, thirty from each fifth to eighth grade. We analysed the textbooks of the Institute for Textbook Publishing and Teaching Aids, which are used most frequently in our educational practice, and hence can represent the general situation of the problem. Bearing in mind the limited size of the sample of pupils, the results are used only as an illustration and should encourage new studies on a more extensive sample. Textbook language is often difficult since it is mostly insufficiently comprehensible, longwinded and with many data. In natural sciences, physics and chemistry, pupils give up studying from the textbook. The textbooks in narrative subjects lead the way with respect to their usage, among which everybody finds history textbooks most difficult. Geography and biology textbooks were evaluated differently, depending on the grade and success of the pupils declaring themselves. The results present a guideline to the current and new writers of our textbooks, critics and publishing houses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is devoted to the problems of IT-specialists training in Ukrainian universities. It discusses the weights of different knowledge areas in its body of knowledge stemming from the stated in the paper abilities and skills required from modern IT-specialist. The example of curriculum which includes sufficient fundamental mathematical training, covers the core of CC2001 in computer science field and thus provides for all required skills is offered.

The paper presented the reference architecture of Infrastructure for Electronic Data Interchange. IEDI is the multi-layered distributed intelligent software system comprising software servers, services, components and tools providing intelligent ontology-driven information retrieval from distributed, heterogeneous, legally and physically autonomous Informational Resources (Irs) for the organizational network of the Ukrainian National Higher Education System.

This paper examines the opportunities for economic growth and business development from university-based incubators. Universities are shown to be excellent sources of technical and business management assistance for start-up businesses in the incubator and national policies are recommended to support the establishment of incubators at Ukrainian universities.

The presented paper capitalized the key elements of a comparative study regarding the current coordinates of the exercise of the social pedagogue profession in different European countries. From this perspective, social pedagogy is understood as an essential field of educational praxis and of social work, in general, playing an important role in the full development of the human being. The synchronic analysis of the presented study constitutes a well-defined corpus in the author’s doctorate thesis and only a sequence of the research methodology on which it is based.

In this paper we start with a question which is a ways that always leads to an answer, an answer which determines a mind transformation: Does the fourth time dimension really exist and if it does then which is its relation with history in pedagogy.

The paper describes the view of bullying as a social phenomenon, a group process which is largely enabled and maintained by members of a school class. Adolescents are involved in bullying in different ways. Some participant roles taken by individual adolescents in the bullying process were analyzed. Roles assigned to the subjects were Victim, Billy, Reinforcer of the bully, Assistant of the bully, Defender of the victim and Outsider.

Education represents one of the most important components of one’s social and personal life. It is specific human being activity by which the adult generation tries to develop the personality of young people and help them to effectively integrate in society. Education has 3 complementary forms: formal, non-formal, informal As a short definition, non-formal education is made in school using different extracurricular activities, such as: trips, optional courses, competitions and so on. This type of education has a very strong impact on the development process of young generation personality. Therefore, Romania and the European Union attribute to it a big importance. In this paper, we intend to describe the most important local, national and European polities regarding the non-formal education.

There are two frofessions in education- teachers who do it and researchers who study it. Teachers and researchers both write papers but those papers are quite different. In addition there exist other people who attempt to write on educational topics: mentors, involved in teachers training, popularxers of science, publicists. The paper stresses in the peculiarities of these literature works. The problems of the professional identifcation of teachers and educational researchers are also considered in detail. Who is the successful teacher, who is the successful researcher - the paper gives answers of such questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper the problem of informational support and international scientific activity and cooperation of a few research groups working in the same scientific area is considered. Each such group includes scientific adviser, collaborators, postgraduate and master students. The problem consists in effective support of its collaboration. As an example of support environment of joint scientific activity we consider the portal CENREC, developing in the frame of joint project of research institute of symbolic computations of J. Kepler University (Linz, Austria) http://risc.uni-linz.ac.at/ and research institute of information technologies of Kherson State University (Ukraine). The project was initiated by authors in 2008. Since 2009 the project is supported by ministers of science and education of Austria and Ukraine.

In a paper the problem professionally preparations of the experts on economic cybernetics by tools is considered is informational – communication process engineering’s. The necessity of the experts on economic cybernetics for modern economy and role informational – communication in their professional activity is underlined. The disciplines in professional trainings of the experts on economic cybernetics and theme on these disciplines are analyzed which immediately are connected to informational – communication process engineering’s. The problems are considered which are connected to practical preparation of the experts of a specialist «Economic cybernetics».

The research paper analyzes the factors influencing the aggressive behaviour formation system at teenagers of 14-15 years, as well as cites data finding-out prevailing forms of aggressive behaviour peculiar to the given age category.

The aim of this paper is to describe the change in the educational management paradigm. Throughout the article, the paradigm of the managerial reform is seen as a new paradigm of educational management in Republic of Moldova.

The necessity of centring professional education on competences is a present-day problem of great concern. At present professional competences are approached from different perspectives, each of them having as a starting point a different paradigm. This paper comes with a new interpretation of competences through the filter of the holist paradigm. The essential features of this paradigm are minutely presented in a way which makes possible the tracing of a parallel between the holist paradigm, the theory and the model. At first the main concepts regarding holism are presented, and afterwards its advantages for the study of professional competence are insisted upon.

The main objective of this paper is to explore the phenomenon of burnout syndrome to university teachers in Moldova. We were interested to clarify also the relations between burnout syndrome, gender and age. The empirical research was based on Maslach Burnout Inventory, developed by Cristina Maslach. The results confirm the hypothesis proposal in this research.