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A feedforward neural network based diagnostic model of oil-impregnated paper insulation of a current transformer has been developed. Its experimental validation as compared with a regression model has been performed.

Copyright of Technical Diagnostics & Nondestructive Testing / Tekhnicheskaya Diagnostika I Nerazrushayushchiy Kontrol is the property of International Association Welding (Paton Publishing House) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Ablai Khan KazUIRandWL: Series 'Pedagogical Sciences' is the property of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations & World Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper deals with the main provisions of the new standard DSTU 9118:2022 «Technical diagnostics. Diagnosing the technical condition of structure materials. General requirements». The standard covers industrial facilities: pipelines, pipeline systems, and technological equipment (boilers, containers, tanks, etc.) of power, oil processing, petrochemical and chemical productions, lifting equipment and facilities and other high-risk welded structures. The standard defines the main provisions on technical diagnostics, its indices and characteristics, and requirements to diagnostic support of the facility. The standard is designed for personnel, specialists, and executives, involved in assessment of the technical conditions of the facilities. Application of AE method in the mode of continuous monitoring to ensure fulfillment of the Standard provisions is considered. 5 Ref., 2 Tabl., 3 Fig. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses a new method for measuring and calculating the angle of inclination of a railway support or a contact network support, using an unmanned aerial vehicle flying along a straight path, parallel to the railway track. A review of existing measurement methods is carried out, their advantages and disadvantages are indicated. In the method under consideration, it is proposed to measure angles and distances with six laser scanning rangefinders installed in threes on horizontal and inclined planes on an unmanned aerial vehicle. This allows you to increase the speed and accuracy of determining the angle of inclination of vertical supports. The calculations use the minimum distances from the laser scanning range finder to the top and bottom of the support surface. The formulas use geometric relationships and the cosine theorem to calculate the roll of supports taking into account their taper. Measuring distances and angles three times allows for averaging over them, which significantly increases the accuracy of calculations. A model experiment is carried out on a model of a reinforced concrete contact network support in four orientations. A comparison is made between theoretically calculated and experimentally measured distances and inclination angles. The accuracy of parameter determination complies with regulatory requirements.

The paper presents the results of diagnosis and treatment of patients with liver abscesses. In the surgery of Dnipropetrovsk Regional Hospital named after І.І. Mechnikov 183 patients diagnosed with liver abscess aged 18 to 81 years were treated. In 118 (64.5%) patients the period from the first complaints to the diagnosis was up to 1 month, in 48 (26,2%) from 1 to 3 months, in 15 (8,2%) from 3 to 6 months, in 2 (1.1%) from 6 to 12. To diagnose abscesses of the liver ultrasound of abdominal cavity, computer tomography, laparoscopy were used. Treatment of liver abscesses included both conservative therapy and surgical intervention. Only 14 (7.6%) patients received conservative treatment. Surgical treatment included minimally invasive interventions under U.S. control, laparoscopic, open drainage and resection techniques. The method of choice of surgical treatment for patients with uncomplicated liver abscesses with a diameter of 3 cm or more was echocontrolled peritoneal pelvic drainage, performed in 146 (79.8%) patients. Complications of surgical treatment were found in 15 (8.2%) cases: drainage dislocation - in 12 (6.6%) patients, purulent fistula - in 1 (0.5%), intestinal obstruction - in 1 (0.5%), peritonitis - in 1 (0.5%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Works / Elmi Eserler is the property of Azerbaijan University of Architecture & Construction and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the first part of the paper the theory of infrared radiation and the use of nondestructive measurement of electrical devices by means of thermovision are under analysis. In the second part of paper basic principles and application of non-contact temperature measurement are examined. In the third part of paper thermal processes in distribution oil transformer – temperature in dependence on height of oil transformer and temperature distribution in sectional plan of oil transformer – are considered. In the fourth part of paper, by means of the experimental measurements and subsequent analysis, practical thermal imaging and contact thermal measurements by optical detectors for the diagnosis of distribution oil transformers in the field of mechanical strength of windings are shown. In this paper, we wanted to show out the possibility of using thermal measurements in this field of analysis and detection of quality of winding for distribution oil transformer. It is possible to use these methods to localize places of faults, and they are also applicable for the diagnosis and detection of disorders of the quality of materials and other anomalies during operation of the equipment. By means of the experimental measurements followed by diagnostic analysis the practical use of thermovision and optical sensors for diagnostics of power oil transformers in field mechanical strength and quality of winding is demonstrated.

Methods: On average, almost every second case of tuberculosis (TB) among patients with HIV infection remains undetected. A clinical observation of two twin girls aged nine years is presented here when extrapulmonary foci of TB dissemination were identified using high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole body. This paper presents a clinical case illustrating the high effectiveness of MRI compared with computed tomography (CT) with less radiation exposure of the body of an HIV-infected child.

Arboviral infections, transmitted to humans primarily through arthropod vectors, constitute a significant global health threat. Arboviruses, such as Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, and West Nile viruses, continue to cause widespread outbreaks, necessitating advanced diagnostic tools. Emerging technologies including Lab On A Chip (LOC), Lab On A Disc (LOAD), Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (µPADS), Lateral Flow Devices, CRISPR-CAS 12/13, Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), and Nano-Technology are evaluated for their potential to enhance arboviral diagnosis, offering rapid, accurate, and point-of-care solutions. Furthermore, the identification of robust biomarkers, including Inflammatory Cytokines, Antibodies, Endothelial Activation Products and Indicators of Tissue or Organ Damage, is crucial for improving the understanding of disease pathogenesis, prognosis, and treatment response. A comprehensive analysis of potential diagnostics and biomarkers for arboviral infections sheds light on the evolving strategies to combat these medically significant diseases, ultimately contributing to more effective surveillance, diagnosis and management worldwide.

Copyright of Radio Electronics, Computer Science, Control is the property of Zaporizhzhia National Technical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper describes developed by authors informationmeasuring system of diagnosing damping characteristics of rolling stock dampers. The system includes the hardware for gathering and digital processing of vibration accelerations and software for accelerometer sensor signal processing. It suggests testing procedure to determine the damping characteristics and algorithms to calculate damping parameters, namely the logarithmic decrement and natural oscillation frequency of the structure. It proposes to use an alternative error-correcting method, which lies in calculating the logarithmic decrement in the frequency domain. The advantage of this method is the high determination accuracy of damping parameters and the absence of highfrequency noise effect on the calculation result since the frequency and quality factor determination proceeds in the low frequency signal range and noise is of high-frequency nature. The paper also proposes software, developed in the LabVIEW graphical programming environment that implements the standard and the suggested algorithms and presents the comparative analysis of the experimental data processing results. It also shows the results of system approbation during testing the locomotive CHS-8 and passenger cars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the main methods and approaches to diagnosing the strategic capabilities of enterprises. On the basis of the carried out study, it is found that today three approaches to performing diagnostics of enterprises have become the most widely used. The choice of one or another of these approach depends on many factors (the purpose of diagnostics, information and analytical provision of the activities of enterprises, industry affiliation, etc.). The paper summarizes the characteristics of diagnostics as a process consisting of purpose, subject, object, tasks and methods. It is substantiated that the process of diagnostics should include the state of an economic entity for a certain period of time, as well as forecasting conditions that can affect both positively and negatively its development in the future. The main directions of diagnostics of strategic capabilities of enterprises are allocated. It is determined that there are various methods for diagnosing the state of development of enterprises, the basic ones would be statistical, economic-mathematical, and special methods. On the basis of the generalization of research on the available diagnostics of enterprise development, an algorithm has been formed, which would be expedient when carrying out diagnostics. The presented algorithm consists of three stages, each of them comprising tasks, the solution of which would foster the achievement of the maximum result of a particular research. It is proved that in order to obtain reliable and high-quality diagnostic results, it is important to form an array of data that would meet the requirements for information, have an appropriate time range, completeness of information on the issues of the phenomenon under study. It is substantiated that the correctness of the obtained results of diagnostics and the concluding diagnosis determines an effective establishment of the existing crisis phenomena, identifying the causes of their occurrence, and ways of eliminating them in the future. It is found that the strategic opportunities for the development of enterprise should be brought through the prism of implementation of individual strategies according to the certain directions, with the determination of the effectiveness of implementation of each of the strategies, which will allow to assess the most attractive vectors of development for the enterprise and to strengthen the weaker sides. Such a comprehensive assessment contributes to the establishment of the correct diagnosis, identification of strengths and weaknesses, interaction of influencing factors, which allows managers to develop effective managerial decisions on the strategic development of enterprises in the future.

Diagnostics of mechanisms and systems allows estimating their current state and taking measures if necessary to carry out preventive or other actions for elimination of possible malfunctions. Diagnostics of mechanical part of combustion engines, as well as other mechanical devices, mechanisms and systems as a whole, is the relevant objective. The purpose of the paper is the research of possible use of frequency-time autocorrelated function to analyze the combustion engine vibration signals for determining possible defects in its work. The paper introduces the basic possible definition of characteristics of engine operation processes, being accompanied by emergence of additional frequency components in a spectrum of engine vibrosignal. The frequency-time correlation analysis allows receiving out of spectrum of engine vibrosignal additional information on weak periodic signals characterizing existence of any malfunctions of its mechanical part.

Reverse transcription-real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is currently the leading laboratory diagnostic tool for COVID-19. With the help of RT-PCR-RT, diagnostics is carried out at the early stages of the development of the disease. The studied clinical samples, as a rule, are swabs from the pharynx and nasopharynx. The aim of the work is to identify and analyze the factors that contribute to false negative results when diagnosing COVID-19 by RT-PCR-RT. It is shown in the article, that the analytical sensitivity of the real-time RT-PCR method is not the main factor in assessing the possibility of obtaining false negative results. The paper considers the effect of drinking hot drinks (tea, coffee), alcohol and smoking (immediately before sampling) on the results of the analysis of swabs from the pharynx and nasopharynx by RT-PCR RT. It was found that the intake of hot drinks before sampling (the probability of obtaining a false negative result is at least 80%) influences most of all on the possibility of obtaining a false negative result in RT-PCR-RT in swabs from the pharynx. The use of small doses of alcohol (0.25–0.33 g of ethanol per 1 kg of body weight) has a lesser effect. Smoking immediately prior to sample collection does not lead to a false negative result in real-time RT-PCR. None of the considered influences affects the possibility of obtaining false negative results in the analysis of swabs from the nasopharynx. Recommendations were made on the need for simultaneous examination of both throat swabs and nasopharyngeal swabs in the ongoing diagnosis of COVID-19.

At present, there is no "golden standard" of diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. Each and every individual case requires a thorough analysis of clinical symptoms in their association with endoscopic, histological, radiological and laboratory data. This review paper analyzes both conventional and novel methods of radiological investigations. Some of them have changed their significance from the "golden standard" to rare and limited application and from promising, then frequent and currently sporadic use of small bowel enema. Traditional ileocolonoscopy maintains its diagnostic potential, especially as a tool for follow up of patients with colonic and ileac disorders. The state-of-the-art non-invasive (ultrasound examination) and limitedly non-invasive (computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) procedures are considered to be the most accurate methods for assessment of inflammatory bowel disorders in patient with already confirmed diagnosis and those with suspected cases of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The paper describes preparation of patient for each method, assessment technique, advantages and limitations for use, diagnostic criteria for intestinal wall thickness, accuracy of methods and discusses the perspectives of their use. The main sign of inflammatory bowel disease is thickening of intestinal wall. Usually its mean thickness in Crohn's disease (11 to 13 mm) is higher than that in ulcerative colitis (7 to 8 mm). This may provide a diagnostic key during differential diagnosis of an isolated colon disease. The amount of the contrast cumulated by the intestinal wall directly correlates with inflammation activity. Intensive contract cumulation in the intestinal wall after intravenous contrast enhancement is a symptom of active inflammatory process. However, despite progression in the technologies, initial signs of inflammatory bowel diseases are quite superficial and remain hardly visible, being below the resolution ability of any diagnostic investigation.

The distributed client-server system of broadcast quality monitoring in RF proposed in the paper uses the necessary equipment, including BER bit error sensors based on programmable receivers combined with single-board microcomputers implemented on SoC processors. Collection and processing of data in broadcasting areas with the proposed monitoring system will allow specialists involved in practical network development to give an objective conclusion about the need and ways of SFN network reconstruction to ensure uninterrupted TV and radio broadcasting in the Russian Federation.

The paper reveals the 5 cases date about blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm. The presented information demonstrates morphological, immunohistochemical data and clinical manifestations.

The relevance of the research is conditioned by great dependence of uninterrupted operation of critical mechanisms driven by high-voltage induction motor, providing operation of oil and gas and chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power industry and other strategically important branches of the country. The issue of reliability of continuous operation is particularly acute in the operation of thermal power plants. Almost all electric drives of critical auxiliary mechanisms of thermal power plants are based on powerful high-voltage induction motors with squirrel-cage rotor. As a rule, specifics of operation of these motors are severe conditions of starting under load at increased temperatures and environmental pollution. Emergency stops of induction motors together with the responsible mechanisms at thermal power plants eventually cause power unit shutdown or lead to under-release of electricity and revision of the operating mode of the power system. Despite such consequences, in particular from damage to the short-circuited rotor winding of a high-voltage induction motor, a protection with sensitivity capable of detecting this defect has not yet been developed or introduced. Damage of rotor circuit has latent character, can exist for a long enough time, not critically affecting the operation of the machine, nevertheless, the fact of presence of breakage can be considered as an emergency condition of the machine in complex with the mechanism. According to the data of repairs and revisions of high-voltage induction motors, there are cases when up to 30 % of bars of the whole rotor were damaged simultaneously. When the integrity of the connection between the bar and the short-circuiting ring is broken, its deformation can occur only in the direction of the air gap, irreversibly damaging the active part of the stator. Operation of inductions motor with a broken core is accompanied by a number of additional negative side effects, such as increased power consumption, general reduction of machine performance and efficiency, generation of additional heat, increased wear of bearings. In case of diagnosing a short-circuited winding defect at an early stage of its development, it is possible to repair the rotor by the company itself. Early diagnosis of rotor core breaks of high-voltage auxiliary motors of thermal power plants is a difficult and at the same time extremely relevant purpose. The main aim of the research is the development and experimental testing of a method for diagnosing broken rotor bar in a high-voltage induction motor based on mathematical processing of signals from stator current sensors. Methods: theory of electrical machines, methods of digital signal processing, statistical methods of data processing, methods of approximation of experimental data, method of regression analysis. Presented studies were carried out on the experimental workbench, specially created for the purpose of diagnostics of broken rotor bars. Results. The paper introduces the method of diagnostics of broken rotor bars based on approximation of stator current signals. The criterion of rotor circuit damageability was revealed and the dependence of this criterion on the degree of damage to the «squirrel cage» of an induction motor was obtained.

The paper touches upon the topic of the psychological and pedagogical approach possibilities in solving the problem of designing a safe educational environment, which is studied through the prism of analyzing the question of the role of self-assessment diagnostics of mental states by junior students. It is noted that such diagnostics contributes to improving the quality of all educational process aspects: education, upbringing, development of young people, as well as the creation of a psychologically comfortable educational environment and the successful socialization of young people. It is concluded that one of the reasons for the high rigidity index is the low level of the student group cohesion. The problem solution lies in the use of game technologies in the educational process that take into account the profile of the university, the direction of training, the academic discipline, as well as the socio-demographic characteristics of students.

The paper presents the methodology of education quality management based on the identification of teachers’ professional deficits. The methodology for evaluating the formation of the subject and methodological competencies is described. Assessment materials are developed in accordance with the requirements of the professional standard of the teacher and the Federal state educational standards of basic, primary and secondary education. It is supposed to implement an automated identification of professional deficits within teaching staff. The article presents empirical data on the results of the approbation of this technique. 624 teachers from rural and urban educational organizations of the Republic of Bashkortostan and 90 students of pedagogical specialties of the university participated in the testing. The analysis of the approbation results of the methodology and assessment materials showed that the developed methodology is applicable to identify professional deficits of teachers and students of teacher-training institutions for further construction of individual educational trajectories of the approbation participants.

Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilb.) Percival. is a pathogen of potato wart disease and has a restricted distribution on the territory of the Russian Federation. Its main pathways are infected potato tubers and different planting material containing soil particles infected with spores of the fungus. One of the main problems is the use of toxic chemicals during detecting the disease in laboratory methods of direct soil testing to identify resting spores. This paper presents the assessment of molecular methods of soil diagnosis for detection of S. endobioticum by direct extraction of fungal DNA from soil samples using the MetaGen reagent kit. Identification was performed using the Fitoskrin. Synchytrium endobioticum-RT kit. The kit was pre-tested using DNA isolated from potato warts by various commercial kits. It was found that the optimal method of DNA isolation from the warts was using the FitoSorb-Avtomat 48 kit at the Tecan robotic station. Studies have shown that the sensitivity of the direct DNA extraction method from soil samples with various infection levels is the same as that of flotation method using carbon tetrachloride. Moreover, this method makes it possible to work with soil samples of different types, including peaty soils.

The paper is devoted to partial discharge measurement and analysis in switchgear bushings. PD bushing structure analysis is described to assess possible defect sources in bushings. An experimental 10 kV bushing sample with the natural defect is obtained from the bushings’ manufacturer. It is tested using the PD measurement technique. Test results showed significant PD intensity at voltages from 12 kV and higher. We have an assumption that a part of registered discharges occurred in the air close to the high voltage electrode sharp edges. To check this assumption we grind them off and repeated the test. The second test does not show considerable PD characteristics change. Therefore, we assume that the bushing sample has an inner defect because the bushing’s surface is not contaminated to generate surficial discharges. The bushing is researched by a destroying method for defect localization. However, inside the bushing, possible defect locations are not found. It might be connected with the fact that the defect could not be found visually at the test time or the defect is located in the gasket between the high voltage electrode and insulator’s body. Besides, there are determined features of phase-resolved partial discharge patterns in switchgear bushings.

Cytomegalovirus is one of the most widespread DNA viruses, with 90% of women of childbearing age in Poland infected with it. Infection poses a risk to the mother as well as the fetus, as the virus can cross the placenta and damage the fetus. The purpose of this paper is to review scientific publications from 2017-2022, which describe the course of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women, the risks to the mother and fetus associated with the infection, methods of diagnosing the infection in the pregnant woman and the fetus, as well as treatment of cytomegalovirus infection and directions for vaccine research. The most common complications of congenital cytomegalovirus infection include hearing loss, mental developmental delays and miscarriage. The infection can be detected in the pregnant woman by immunological testing, while polymerase chain reaction is used in the fetus and newborn. Early detection of infection in a pregnant woman allows the implementation of treatment which includes ganciclovir, valganciclovir, acyclovir and valacyclovir. A vaccine against cytomegalovirus has not been developed. Particularly important in the prevention of infection is to conduct educational activities regarding the routes of transmission of the virus and the consequences of congenital infection for the fetus. Cytomegalovirus infections among pregnant women. It is important to monitor fetal development and possibly diagnose for congenital CMV infection in case of abnormalities, and the best diagnostic method is polymerase chain reaction testing. For the treatment of congenital CMV infection, acyclovir and valacyclovir are preferred, and therapy should be implemented for specific indications. Attention should be paid to educating women about infections caused by cytomegalovirus.

Improving the reliability of trolley traction motors can be achieved by further improving the traction motor design and their control parameters in the manufacture, repair and operation on the line. Technical diagnostics of traction motor parameters plays an important role in solving these problems. Known diagnostics methods of traction motors allow to detect their faults. But there is a need to improve these methods, taking into account the capabilities of modern measuring systems and information processing tools. This will allow to improve the performance indicators of urban electric transport enterprises due to improving the operational reliability of traction motors and extending their service life. The relevance of this problem is also caused by the tendency to increase the probability of correct and accurate diagnosis at various faults in electric machines. The operational reliability of trolley motors was comprehensively analyzed, and regularities of their parameters change during operation depending on several factors were determined in this paper. Mathematical modeling of traction motors to determine their parameters change during operation was conducted. An algorithm for diagnosing and determining the operational reliability of trolley traction motor elements using the boundary criteria was developed and the reliability calculation methods, allowing to predict failures of traction motor elements with a high adequacy degree were proposed. Practical recommendations for the rational selection of diagnostic parameters of traction motors were given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study of the features of the course, diagnosis and treatment of acute arterial thrombosis in patients who have undergone or are suffering from COVID-19. Methods: A search was carried out for research papers published in the PubMed database before February 12, 2021, devoted to various aspects of the COVID-19-related lesions of the arterial system. Search keywords were: arterial thrombosis, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, endothelial dysfunction. In total, 373 articles were found in this database on the combination of COVID-19 and thrombotic complications (including arterial and venous). Among them (after excluding venous thrombosis), 54 corresponded to the specified search parameters and were analyzed in the following areas: the incidence of acute peripheral arterial thrombosis in COVID-19, the mechanisms of hemocoagulation changes depending on the effect of coronavirus infection, and modern principles of treatment. Results: The analysis of literature data has shown that acute arterial obstruction (AOA) rate occurs from 0.39% to 11.1%. According to most studies, the main risk factors for the development of AOA were the male gender, old age and comorbidity. The use of invasive imaging methods for diagnosis of acute arterial thrombosis is limited both due to the severity of the patient’s status, the impossibility of transporting them, and the risk of infection spreading in relatively «safe» areas of other medical facilities. The authors adhere to different approaches, which sometimes do not correspond with the accepted standards and consensus for the treatment of AOA in «non-COVID» patients. However, all researchers agree on the importance and effectiveness of therapeutic anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy for the arterial thrombosis in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Currently, many aspects of COVID-19-related arterial thrombosis require further study. COVID-19 pandemic has caused enormous damage to all areas of medicine, including the vascular surgery service, causing a decrease in the number of planned vascular operations. COVID-19-related arterial thrombosis is characterized by the enormous effort required to improve treatment outcomes and increase patient survival. Anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy is the most effective method for both prevention and treatment of patients with arterial thrombosis associated with coronavirus infection.

The article systematizes information on the diagnostic capabilities of modern clinical and laboratory markers of ovarian reserve. The diagnostic capabilities of anti-Mllerian hormone (AMH) as a marker of ovarian reserve are discussed, which make it possible to adjust the dose of hormonal drugs and predict the response of the ovary to stimulation in programs of assisted reproductive technologies. This paper discusses for the first time the role of AMH in assessing the quality of oocytes and subsequent embryos. Despite insufficient literature data, further study of AMH, as well as full-scale research in this direction, seems to be extremely promising.

Copyright of Journal of Psychology & Sociology is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is necessary to ensure appropriate information content of the measuring instruments used for intelligent diagnosing systems of energy and technological complexes based on the measurement of dynamic parameters. Sensors and measuring equipment should possess sufficient accuracy, reliability, speed and consistency of performance. Types of sensors for measuring dynamic parameters are selected depending on the systems structure. They can be, for example, sensors for the electrohydromechanical systems of these complexes, pressure sensors, as well as sensors of flow and temperature of the working media, displacement of moving elements and vibration of the base members. The type of sensor intended for use in the diagnostic system is largely determined by the dynamics of the processes taking place in it. It is necessary that the sensors satisfy their performance requirements. If the sensors have lower speed than is necessary for the process dynamics in the electrohydromechanical system, it can lead to dynamic measurement error and an error in the diagnostics of technical condition. In technical literature, the requirement for the sensor speed is indicated by the fact that it should be an order of magnitude higher than the dynamics of the processes occurring in the system. This approach is not acceptable for choosing the type of sensors for diagnostic systems, taking into account the process dynamics. Firstly, sensors for measuring with this required parameter may not be available. Secondly, even if there is a sensor with a parameter close in speed to the dynamics of the system processes, it is necessary to know in advance what dynamic error it can lead to and how it will affect the accuracy of the diagnostic system. An analytically generalized dependence of the dynamic measurement error of electrohydromechanical system parameters on the relative sensor speed is obtained in this paper. This dependence allows you to choose a sensor with a dynamic error that does not exceed a given value. The calculation of the dynamic measurement error is shown using the MI-8 helicopter hydraulic system as an example.

In the paper, the authors focused on the need to identify the individual characteristics of the cognitive sphere in students with severe visual impairments, being qualified as late-onset blind individuals. Cumulation of the necessary data on the specifics of building reality in the mind of a blind person allows specialists to expand the cognitive trajectories for students of this academic and professional field when studying at a university.

An algorithm for processing mass spectra of gases exhaled by patients has been proposed in the paper. The mass spectra are recorded on the MS7-200 quadrupole mass spectrometer, with electronic ionization and with direct capillary injection of the sample. The algorithm is based on transforming an array of spectra (not less than 10) in the space of principal components. The probability of a disease is determined through the Euclidean distance of the patient's coordinates from the centroid. Testing of the algorithm was carried out on the data of mass spectra of gases exhaled by cancer patients. The proposed procedure has several advantages over traditional laboratory methods. The algorithm uses the multidimensional probability density of the distribution of the parameters of the exhaled gases of control groups and the patient being tested and allows to compile an overall picture of the patient's probable diseases in a short time.

Recent emergence and spread of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria that hydrolyze most β-lactams, including carbapenems, are a major concern for antimicrobial therapy worldwide, including Russia. This paper presents a comparative review of the currently available methods for carbapenemases detection.

Objective of research: To study the spread of causative agents of babesiosis in ticks collected on the territory of the Kirov region with the use of molecular-genetic methods. Materials and methods: In this paper, the method of molecular-genetic detection of genetic material of the pathogen in the sample was used (the method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Ticks were collected from vegetation cover as well as from people and domestic animals (dogs, cats). Ticks were estimated according to identification tables. Causative agents of babesiosis were determined by the extraction of total nucleic acids from each tick; all ticks were examined using PCR. Total DNA extraction from ticks stored in 70% ethyl alcohol was performed with the use of guanidine thiocyanate. The proportion of ticks infected with Babesia was determined depending on the year, collection area on the territory of the Kirov region, species and sexual belonging of ticks. Results and discussion: It was found that the major tick vectors of Babesia on the territory of the Kirov region are ticks Ixodes persulcatus . In addition, two other tick species Dermacentor reticulatus and I. ricinus were detected in that region. It was shown, that the rate of Babesia infection in ticks Ixodes persulcatus was higher than in D. reticulatus and I. ricinus . The average percentage of ticks infected with Babesia was 53,07 %. A gradual increase of percentage of infected individuals with the maximum value 73,2 % was registered in 2012. However, in the following year, a significant decrease (51,7 %) was reported, and the minimum number of ticks infected with Babesia was observed in 2014 (37,4 %). A significant increase in infestation of ticks was newly observed in 2015 (50,4 %). It was found that male and female ticks are equally likely to be vectors for Babesia. Infection rates in male and female ticks were 54,5 and 49,3 %, respectively. Fluctuations in the number of infected ticks depending on the year (maximum in 2012 and minimum in 2014) were determined. Ticks from South-West districts of the region are mostly infected with Babesia. In the city of Kirov, 55,8 % of ticks are infected with Babesia in spite of acaricide treatment.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large group of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) which are more than 200 nucleotides in length. LncRNAs, as regulation factors, show an important role in complex cellular processes, such as apoptosis, growth, differentiation, proliferation, etc. Recently, the results of many studies have also shown their significant role in carcinogenesis. Endogenous lncRNAs are known to be secreted by tumor cells in human biological fluids in the form of microvesicles, exosomes, or protein complexes, thereby forming circulating lncRNAs that do not degrade under the influence of RNases and are in a stable state. Compared with traditional biomarkers, as proteins circulating lncRNA have several advantages that will allow to consider circulating lncRNA as a new potential biomarker for various diseases. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs was observed in cancer patients. In this context, endogenous lncRNAs can regulate the main characteristics of cancer cells, controlling the expression of oncogenes associated with their suppressive and oncogenic functions. Consequently, circulating lncRNAs can be excellent biomarkers for cancer. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs contribute to the development of cancer will improve our understanding of etiology, and open up horizons for the development of new biomarkers. In this paper, we will analyze current knowledge about the change in the expression profile of circulating lncRNAs in cancer, as well as methods for their detection.

The relevance of the research is conditioned by widespread use of unregulated sucker-rod pumping units, equipped only with mechanical adjustment tools. Application of that type of units results in considerable losses of both electricity and crude oil related to machine operating in non optimal regime. To solve this problem both new and already exploited sucker-rod pumping units are equipped with means of intelligent control and monitoring, which are included within control stations equipped with frequency converter and controller. Implementation of these tools on sucker-rod pumping units control station controller requires the development of appropriate algorithms to ensure autonomous, high performance, cost-effective and reliable function of plant during all life cycle. The main aim of the research is elaboration of the algorithms for determining pumpjack balance, optimal counterbalance position and polished rod dead centres passing moment. Objects of the research are the sucker-rod pumping unit in different operating modes and pumpjack balance, defined by the counterbalance position on the crank. Methods: mathematical analysis tool of differential equations and transfer functions, computer simulation, comparison and analysis of charts and diagrams. Results. The paper considers the existing ways of pumpjack balance detection and their shortcomings. It turns out that wattmetering is the most available and fail-safe sucker-rod pumping unit condition monitoring method which does not require installation of additional external sensors. The authors have developed the sucker-rod pumping unit computer model for investigating principles and load cycles of unit operation. Based on the data obtained by simulations the authors developed the algorithm of pumpjack balance detection, which can work as sucker-rod pumping unit intelligent control station software ensuring easy control, timely service and cost reduction.

The paper presents a review of current techniques of the interference microscopy of living functioning cells that allow for assessment of the real-time changes of subcellular microstructures with 2D and 3D reconstructions of the images and multifactorial data analysis. It has been shown that new diagnostic information can be obtained within the research methodology of the so-called interactive dialogue with the cell to identify changes in the morphofunctional state of living cells through registration of their realtime response to environmental fluctuations. We describe physical basis of laser interferometry, problems and specifics of interpretation of cell phase pictures. As an illustration to the practical use of the technique in the clinic we present the results of studies on morphofunctional state of peripheral blood platelets in patients with oral malignancies (OM) and various stages of the tumor. Analysis of circulating platelets with a realtime technique of laser interferometry allowed for identification of compensated activation of the platelet compartment of hemostasis in these patients, as well as an association between the severity of cancer and changes of dimensional cell parameters (an increase of the mean diameter and area of circulating platelets by 23.4, 26.8 and 30.3%, and by 30.2, 32.5 and 38.1% in the patients with OM grades II, III and IV, respectively (p < 0,05 for all comparisons)). The necessary condition for a wider implementation of new diagnostic technologies is a critical evaluation of the efficacy of their use in routine practice, identification of their advantages, disadvantages and differences between current and proposed diagnostic platforms.

Currently, the higher medical education should reflect a practical sphere of public health care as well as improvement of the quality of education of future doctors. Doctor’s activities involve almost all spheres of human life; therefore, the problem of training a highly skilled expert is urgent in the sphere of public health as doctors should have high professional and ethical expertise for more effective functioning of medicine. The research was conducted in the 2016/17 academic year at the Faculties of Medicine and Dentistry of I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University among 286 third-year and fourth-year students: 140 students of the experimental group (EG) and 146 students of the control group (CG). 24 experts (specialists in medicine) took part in the ascertaining phase of the pedagogical experiment. The special study course “Professionally important qualities of future doctors” in the EG was carried out in the form of experimental teaching while in the CG the traditional methods of teaching were used. The comparison of the results of students’ professional qualities evaluation obtained before and after the experiment allows us to state that there is a substantial increase in professionally important qualities of the EG students compared to the CG students. This paper mainly presents the idea that professional (ability to apply knowledge into practice, ability to work with a specialised literature, ability to remember a large amount of information, knowledge and use of foreign language in professional activity, adequate professional self-assessment, desire for improvement) and volitional (responsibility for the life and health of a patient, fast reaction and ability to take decisions, resistance to psychical and emotional stresses, restraint and persistence, self-control) qualities are the most important professional qualities of future doctors. Therefore, moral (attentiveness, decency, honesty, mercifulness, altruism) and social qualities (responsibility, communicative skills, tolerance, ability to build trust) are less significant for future doctors. The experimental testing of the level of professional qualities development of medical students has proved that future doctors should interpret theoretical knowledge into practical activities, constantly improving it by working with expert literature, should be able to control their emotions and react quickly in critical situations.

The review article reflects a contemporary view of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) based on the Rome IV Criteria (2016). The paper studies the matters of definition, classification, features of the clinical picture and diagnostic criteria for IBS. It outlines the real-time findings of the pharmacotherapy of IBS from the perspective of evidence-based medicine.

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People differ significantly in how they usually explain to themselves the reasons of events, both positive and negative, that happen in their lives. Psychological research shows that children who tend to think optimistically have certain advantages as compared to their pessimistically thinking peers: they are less likely to suffer from depression, establish more positive relationships with peers, and demonstrate higher academic achievements. This paper describes the process of creating the children’s version of the Optimistic Attributional Style Questionnaire (OASQ-C). This technique is based on the theory of learned hopelessness and optimism developed by M. Seligman, L. Abramson and J. Teas dale and is an efficient (compact) tool for measuring optimism as an explanatory style in children and adolescents (9-14 years). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that this technique is a two-factor structure with acceptable reliability. Validity is supported by the presence of expected correlations between explanatory style and rates of psychological well-being, dispositional optimism, positive attitude to life and its aspects, depression, and academic performance. The outcomes of this technique are not affected by social desirability. The developed questionnaire may be recommended to researchers and school counsellors for evaluating optimism (optimistic thinking) as one of the major factors in psychological well-being of children; it may also be used in assessing the effectiveness of cognitive oriented training for adolescents.

The paper analyzes aeroelastic (flutter) and aerodynamic (rotating stall) oscillations in gas turbine engine compressors. We review the external factors that influence these oscillations. We propose a new method of diagnosing hazardous oscillations. The method is based on the analysis of frequency characteristics. The novelty of the method is elements of forecasting introduced in it. We infer the presence of dangerous oscillations by a certain threshold level of the amplitude of the dynamic signal. We forecast this threshold depending on the operation conditions of a gas turbine engine. If the amplitude of the signal reaches the threshold level the engine speed is decreased by changing the rate of fuel consumption. This measure prevents an emergency. The method was implemented during bench tests of an aircraft gas turbine engine.

Localized scleroderma (LS) is a disease that is characterized by the appearance of inflammatory, sclerotic and/or atrophic changes in the affected areas of the skin and underlying tissues. In ICD-10, the disease is considered under category L94 "Other localized connective tissue changes". This paper presents the classification of the disease developed for federal guideline 2015, for management of patients with localized scleroderma. Also, a brief description of the various methods of diagnosis of the disease, including laboratory tests, instrumental methods and disease severity scale are presented. Keywords: scleroderma, diagnostics, dermatology.

The paper shows that exercise-induced bronchial asthma, even when induced directly by professional activity of an athlete, has in its basis the violation of the morphological, immunological and biochemical mechanisms, as well as has clear diagnostic criteria. The modern pedagogical, organizational and pharmacological methodologies are highlighted for prevention of bronchospasm, which determines the severity of athlete’s condition and makes impossible further physical activity. The potential for the use of various drugs was analyzed in view of the fact that many of them are today included in the World Anti-Doping Agency list of prohibited substances .