630 results
Search Results
2. Development of New Mash Filters for Craft Beer Brewing
- Author
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Elena Vagaytseva, Elena A. Safonova, Maksim Prosin, Aleksey Shalev, Yana Golovacheva, and Dmitry M. Borodulin
- Subjects
filtration ,lcsh:TP368-456 ,Computer science ,business.industry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) ,alcoholic drinks ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Pulp and paper industry ,040401 food science ,01 natural sciences ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,Craft ,lcsh:Food processing and manufacture ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,beer wort ,mashing ,Brewing ,Fermentation ,beer ,sensory profile ,business ,Food Science - Abstract
Introduction. New innovative technologies make food industry more effective. The present paper introduces a new method of hopped wort production based on novel mash filters. Study objects and methods. The research featured two new designs of mash filters. The study of the mashing process involved malt, hops, drinking water, and beer wort. The research included generally accepted methods of physicochemical and sensory research. Results and discussion. Both models differed from the traditional design. Mash filter I had a cylindrical filtration vat at its bottom with filters in the lower and upper parts of the vat. A pump was installed on the outer side of the steam jacket to produce forced circulation of the liquid medium flow through the vat. The steam jacket was covered with Corundum Classic superfine liquid thermal insulation. Mash filter II had a filtration bottom made of perforated sheet and provided intensive liquid circulation. It also had a regulated mixer that moved the mash, which significantly improved the mashing process. After the mashing, the mash passed through the filtration bottom, separating the liquid phase from the solid phase. The crushed material was discharged through a hatch in bottom. The physicochemical and sensory profiles of the obtained beer wort and beer samples complied with State Standard 30060-93 “Beer. Methods for determination of organoleptic indices and product’s volume”. Mash filter II produced beer wort of higher quality and improved the sensory properties of the finished product. This model proved more effective in extracting proteins and digestible sugars during amylolysis due to a better mixing and circulation of liquid medium flow during the wort preparation. Conclusion. The new modified mash filter made it possible to reduce the brewing time by 28.6%. Not only was it more user friendly, but it also was less heat and electricity consuming. In addition, it reduced the production area as it combined the stages of mashing and filtering.
- Published
- 2020
3. Hypertext signs of the guidebook as a basis for its interactivity
- Author
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Savchenko L. V. and Shum O. U.
- Subjects
Panorama ,Multimedia ,guide ,Computer science ,genre model ,Paper engineering ,Modernization theory ,computer.software_genre ,hypertext ,law.invention ,World Wide Web ,innovative approaches ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,lcsh:H ,Interactivity ,interactivity ,law ,Journaling file system ,format ,lcsh:Q ,Hypertext ,lcsh:Science ,computer - Abstract
the article explores the ways to optimize the size of the printed guide. As a result, being an edition with creolized text, the guide has components, which modernization will facilitate the introduction of interactive features into traditional genre model. As specific examples, the author offers to use activity elements in the printed guidebook from the formats that are widely used in children's literature, namely from the panorama book (three-dimensional images, inserts, paper engineering) and travel diary («journaling»).
- Published
- 2016
4. Influences of Frege’s Predicate Logic on Some Computational Models
- Author
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Mohamad Awwad
- Subjects
Frege ,Predicate Logic ,First Order Logic (FOL) ,Computer Science ,Logic Programming Language ,PROLOG ,Resolution Principle ,Kowalski’s interpretation ,Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) ,Education - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to give some insights into the immense role of Frege’s first order logic (FOL) in the development of computer science. We argue that the FOL is fundamental in computer science, and that some computer science subfields could not have existed without their theoretical foundations built on this form of logic. Among these subfields, one can mention the Type Theory, Databases, Descriptive Complexity, Artificial Intelligence, Logic Programming, and Automated Theorem Proving. To illustrate our point, an in-depth attention will in particular be given to the foundational development of the most popular logic programming language, PROLOG, and the Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) systems. Importantly, when studying the interactions between logic and computer science in the literature, we can observe a significant gap in the provision of the appropriate abstraction level. Specifically, we often encounter two different levels of abstraction. The first of these is relatively high even when describing technical notions in computer science, which obviously produces a lack of precision. The second adopts a technical-oriented approach which easily makes the topic and discussion unintuitive or inaccessible to the non-specialist. The paper attempts to remedy these problems by adopting a balanced approach that provides a moderate level of abstraction that targets a deeper understanding of the topic without imposing a very technical presentation on the reader
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Specific Vocabular Strata as an Important Aspect of Teaching English to Students Specializing in Internet Technologies
- Author
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Anna V. Yampolskaya
- Subjects
computer science education ,computer slang ,computer jargon ,terms ,abbreviations ,computer science ,computer and internet technologies ,functional computer language ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
This article analyzes the peculiarities of teaching English to students of faculties specializing in the study of computer science and Internet technologies. The distinctive features of the vocabular strata which are characteristic of the English language in this professional field are revealed. The study of professional vocabulary layers such as terms, idioms, collocations, abbreviations, set-expressions, jargon and slang is an important aspect of mastering English language. Proficiency and free orientation in these areas of the language are necessary for cross-cultural communication with colleagues from the scientific community, writing qualification papers, scientific articles and presentations as well as participation in international conferences. This will allow graduates of faculties related to computational mathematics and cybernetics to easily join their professional community, discuss problems, receive new information and grow in professional and scientific fields. The authors propose the principles of teaching construction and methodology, including the compilation of textbooks and materials for interactive learning platforms to let the students of the relevant faculties master this lexical base. Examples of tasks and exercises aimed at studying the necessary lexical volume as well as the keys to them are given. Tasks are based on lists of lexical units with explanations and fragments of materials from computer journals, conferences, articles, books and Internet resources containing these units to illustrate their use in speech. The authors successfully apply this methodology in the framework of teaching English to students at the intermediate, upper intermediate and advanced levels. This technique will allow training highly qualified specialists and scientific personnel in the targeted field on the basis of the Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics of the Lomonosov Moscow State University and the corresponding faculties of other Higher Educational Institutions.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Feasibility Study Comparison of Pavement Designs Using Local Materials
- Author
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Ya. N. Kovalev, A. V. Sаvukhа, and V. V. Girinsky
- Subjects
Schedule ,Technology ,Computer science ,local materials ,Economic feasibility ,Stiffness ,pavement ,General Medicine ,Turnaround time ,Economic benefits ,Civil engineering ,equivalent layer ,deformation modulus ,Technical feasibility ,equal strength structures ,medicine ,Economic analysis ,medicine.symptom ,Deformation (engineering) ,technical and economic analysis - Abstract
The possibility of using local materials in the construction of structural layers of pavement is considered in the paper. The paper presents a method of technical and economic analysis, for which it is necessary to know the calculated deformation moduli of the materials being compared. Knowing the turnaround time for each of the options under consideration, it is possible, by comparing them with the payback periods, to more fully identify the technical and economic features of such options. The main criterion for the admissibility of the use of local material in the corresponding structural layer is the equal strength of pavement structures or individual structural layers made of local and imported materials. The criterion of economic feasibility of using local material can be written as an inequality. Using the principle of equivalence of systems, it is possible to replace individual structural layers of pavement, made of certain materials, with equivalent layers of stiffness from other materials, increasing or decreasing their thickness, depending on the strength characteristics of the materials themselves. The main condition for the technical feasibility of using local material has been determined on the basis of the condition of equal strength structures made from local and imported materials. A schedule for preliminary determination of the technical and economic feasibility of using local materials in the structural layers of road pavements has been built. The total value of the investment costs can be used as an additional criterion for the economic benefits of the compared options.
- Published
- 2021
7. Research of speech genres in artificial intelligence applications (identification of cognitive-speech actions forming a genre form)
- Author
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Natalya V. Chudova, Dmitry A. Devyatkin, Vladimir A. Salimovsky, Liudmila A. Kadzhaya, Valery A. Mishlanov, and Control' Ras
- Subjects
Cognitive science ,relational-situational method ,Computer science ,Cognition ,P1-1091 ,artificial intelligence ,speech perception ,genre form ,speech genre ,Identification (biology) ,Applications of artificial intelligence ,academic text ,automatic text analysis ,Philology. Linguistics ,cognitive-speech action - Abstract
The paper proves that speech genres as forms of text production and interpretation claim to be one of the main objects of formal linguistic analysis in comprehensive papers on cognitive modeling – an intensively developing trend of artificial intelligence. Understanding a speech genre as a form of spiritual socio-cultural activity (artistic, scientific, political, ideological, etc.) at the level of its objectification through a system of speech actions in the text as a communication unit allows to describe the systems of speech genres in various spheres of communication. The authors analyze speech genres which objectify the main stages of an academic theoretical research. By means of artificial intelligence, the research solves the problem of recognition of the speaker’s intentions while performing cognitive-speech actions forming the genre form of a text. It contributes to the development of the fundamental problem of “understanding” the meaning of an utterance by a machine. The research is based on the interdisciplinary complex method of text analysis. In terms of software implementation, the offered approach obtains a small set of high-level linguistic features of the clauses with the templates and then trains classifiers on these features. In order to create templates, the authors carry out linguistic and psychological analysis that deals with identifying markers of cognitive and speech actions as accurately as possible in accordance with the standards of perception. In the course of our study, the authors have obtained high indexes of cognitive and speech action identification, ranging from 0.78 to 0.99.
- Published
- 2021
8. Cognitive Dominants, Language-Specific Communication and Translation Problems
- Author
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N. K. Riabtseva
- Subjects
crosslinguistic asymmetry ,PG1-9665 ,Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,Interpretation (philosophy) ,Foreign language ,interference ,language-specific communication ,Cognition ,idiomaticity ,Linguistics ,Nominalization ,Terminology ,nominalization ,terminology ,Natural (music) ,cognitive dominants ,Adaptation (computer science) ,linguistic incongruency ,Slavic languages. Baltic languages. Albanian languages - Abstract
The paper is devoted to explaining the key cognitive distinctions characteristic to translation process and its teaching. Among them are linguistic interpretation of the input text’s contents, its conceptual adaptation to the accepting culture, etc. To demonstrate them, multiple examples are given to show that translators, particularly not trained enough, often choose for basic translation dominants in the accepting culture those equivalents that are primarily purely linguistic, ignoring conceptual and cultural background of the original and the accepting culture’s notions and forms. Meanwhile, the latter help avoid such translation failures as literal / word by word translation, etc. Special attention in the paper is paid to the translation into the foreign, English, language, its contrastive culture-specific and communicative features as compared to those in the Russian language: to their cognitive dominants in communication and their cross-linguistic asymmetry and in-congruency which generate quite «natural» cross-linguistic interference in Russian-English translation. It is particularly obvious when there are extensive textual nominal ex-pressions, especially terminological, which demonstrate at present an active, extensive and productive usage in English, but present a serious problem in teaching English as a foreign language and translation into it. It is also shown that in Russian their cross-linguistic idiomatic analogues are language specific and show different patterns, but still can be adequately matched with their foreign counter-parts.
- Published
- 2021
9. Methods for assessing the efficiency of access control subsystems at informatization facilities of internal affairs bodies and aspects of their improvement
- Author
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S. V. Efimov, V. V. Konobeevskikh, and A. V. Batskikh
- Subjects
access control subsystem ,Service (systems architecture) ,Technology ,efficiency indicator ,Computer science ,Control (management) ,030508 substance abuse ,Access control ,02 engineering and technology ,efficiency quantification ,03 medical and health sciences ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Informatization ,Security level ,Disadvantage ,information security system ,business.industry ,Information security ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Information and Communications Technology ,automated system ,0305 other medical science ,business ,unauthorized access - Abstract
Objective. The purpose of the article is to analyse the existing methodology used to assess the efficiency of automated information security systems by studying open literature sources, international and industry standards of the Russian Federation on information security of automated systems, guidelines and orders of the Federal Service for Technical and Expert Control of Russia, as well as departmental orders, instructions and regulations on information security at informatization facilities of internal affairs bodies. The analysis results in identifying the advantages and disadvantages of the specified methodology, as well as the possibilities of its use when conducting a quantitative assessment of the efficiency of access control subsystems of information security systems at the informatization facilities of internal affairs bodies. Methods. To achieve this goal, the method for system analysis of approaches used to assess the efficiency of information security tools and systems has been applied. Results. The paper presents results of analysing the main approaches used to assess the efficiency of tools and systems for information security of automated systems. The paper determines the relationship between the efficiency indicator of access control subsystems of information security systems and the main disadvantage of their use in protected automated systems of internal affairs bodies. The paper substantiates main directions of improving the existing methodology, proposes methods and indicators for quantifying the efficiency of access control subsystems (including those modified on the basis of using new information and communication technologies) of information security systems in protected automated systems of internal affairs bodies. Conclusion. The results obtained can be used to quantify the security level of existing automated systems and those being developed at informatization facilities of internal affairs bodies.
- Published
- 2021
10. Assessing thermal properties of enclosing structures of construction facilities by analysis of thermograms
- Author
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D. F. Karpov and M. V. Pavlov
- Subjects
Technology ,Computer science ,capital and completed construction facilities ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,thermal image ,computer.software_genre ,qualitative and quantitative analysis ,Set (abstract data type) ,Software ,Thermal insulation ,021105 building & construction ,Quantitative assessment ,thermal imaging ,thermal control ,021108 energy ,thermogram ,business.industry ,thermal properties ,engineering systems ,Thermal control ,Quantitative analysis (finance) ,Imaging quality ,Thermography ,Data mining ,business ,computer ,enclosing structure - Abstract
Objective. One of the most effective ways to assess thermal protection of construction facilities of various applications is thermal control. Methods. According to the national standard “Method for thermal imaging quality control of thermal insulation of enclosing structures” in force on the Russian Federation territory, the results of thermal imaging monitoring of capital and completed construction facilities are divided into qualitative and quantitative depending on set goals and objectives. Qualitative assessment involves computer processing and visual interpretation of thermograms using specialized software. Quantitative analysis of thermograms involves determining and numerically comparing parameters of reference areas and characteristics of defects detected in an object being under thermal control. Results. The paper describes particular characteristics and results of qualitative and quantitative analysis of thermograms (thermal images) obtained via thermography of fragments of external enclosing structures of a completed construction facility—an apartment building. The paper analyses existing methods of a quantitative assessment of thermograms described in regulatory documents and methodological recommendations, and presents specific examples of their application. Conclusion. Thermal imaging diagnostics makes it possible to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the level of thermal protection of the outer shell of an object under control by “decoding” thermograms and comparing calculated parameters with standard indicators.
- Published
- 2021
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