7 results
Search Results
2. [Accumulation of 238, 239 + 240Pu and 241Am in Boar Organs and Tissues on the Territory of the Belarusian Part of the ChNPP Exclusion Zone].
- Author
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Bondar YI, Zabrotski VN, Sadchikov VI, and Kalinin VN
- Subjects
- Americium pharmacokinetics, Animals, Female, Male, Organ Specificity, Plutonium pharmacokinetics, Radioactive Pollutants pharmacokinetics, Radioisotopes analysis, Radioisotopes pharmacokinetics, Republic of Belarus, Tissue Distribution, Ukraine, Americium analysis, Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Plutonium analysis, Radiation Monitoring methods, Radioactive Pollutants analysis, Sus scrofa metabolism
- Abstract
The paper is devoted to determination of α-emitting radionuclides of 238, 239 + 240Pu and 241Am in liver, lungs, muscular and bone tissues of the boars on the territory of the Belarusian part of the ChNPP exclusion zone. It is shown that the content of Pu and Am isotopes in boar organs and tissues decreases in the following order: liver > bone tissues > lungs ≥ muscular tissues. The results received allow evaluation of penetration of 238, 239 + 240Pu and 241Am through the biological chain "soil-ration-organs and tissues". It is calculated that 1.7% of a boar's ration falls on the soil getting into the stomach with food. Translocation and accumulation coefficients characterizing the transfer of radionuclides through the chain "soil-vegetation-organs and tissues" were calculated. The conclusion about accumulation of Pu in the boar's body is made.
- Published
- 2015
3. [Delayed medical consequences of the Chernobyl accident in Armenia. Assessment of life quality and accelerated biological aging of accident liquidators].
- Author
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Oganesian NM, Davidian NR, Gevorkian EG, Karapetian AG, Miridzhanian MI, and Asrian KV
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Armenia, Case-Control Studies, Comorbidity, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Radiation Injuries epidemiology, Radiation Injuries psychology, Time Factors, Ukraine, Young Adult, Aging radiation effects, Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Occupational Exposure adverse effects, Quality of Life, Radiation Injuries complications
- Abstract
In this paper, some final results of 25-year investigations carried out in Scientific Centre for Radiation Medicine and Burns MH RA (SCRMB) on the Armenian cohort of the Chernobyl accident consequences liquidators are shown. These results show that health conditions of the liquidators became worse during the whole observation period. A considerable development of both pathological states atypical of radiation damages and diseases, which may be considered as radiation-induced ones, was determined. Rise of the sickness rate of almost all organism systems, first of all, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive ones, was observed. In 70% of liquidators the main disease was primarily detected after working on CNPP. In the intervening years, the average number of diagnoses per 1 liquidator increased from 1.5 in 1987 to 7-8 in the recent time. In addition to the detected diseases, particular functional shifts in neuropsychological and vegetative status of the liquidators were observed. The overwhelming majority of them have increased tonicity of the sympathetic vegetative nervous system, asthenic and depressive syndromes occurring in the form of weakness, somnolence, mood instability, mental capacity decrease, and memory defects. In the paper, the results of investigations aimed at clarification of changes in biological aging processes of the liquidators and assessment of their "life quality" features in terms of physical, psychical and social welfare are considered. Biological aged-related passportization in a definite part of liquidators elucidated an accelerated aging rate. The studies were performed with the help of SF-36 inquirer and indicated that health status aggravation of the liquidators also affected their life satisfaction. The "life quality" indices of the liquidators significantly concede the overall average standards by both physical health and psychical and social welfare scales.
- Published
- 2011
4. [Molecular and cellular consequences of the Chernobyl accident].
- Author
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Pelevina II, Afanas'ev GG, Aleshchenko AV, Antoshchina MM, Gotlib VIa, Konradov AA, Kudriashova OV, Lizunova EIu, Osipov AN, Riabchenko NI, and Serebrianyĭ AM
- Subjects
- Adult, Animals, Brain radiation effects, Brain ultrastructure, Cell Survival radiation effects, Cells, Cultured, Child, Humans, Lymphocytes ultrastructure, Mice, Radiation Injuries, Experimental etiology, Radiation Tolerance radiation effects, Survival Analysis, Time Factors, Ukraine, Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Gamma Rays adverse effects, Genomic Instability radiation effects, Lymphocytes radiation effects, Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective radiation effects
- Abstract
In this paper the results of the Chernobyl accident investigation 5-10 and 24 years after are summarized. The genomic instability, adaptive response formation, genome damage and oxidative status have been investigated. The studies were performed on cells in culture, mice, children and adults living in contaminated areas and liquidators. On cells in culture after exposition in the accident zone and culturing thereafter in laboratory conditions the cell proliferative activity decrease; the late cell death, the frequency of cells with micronuclei and giant cells increasing have been observed. In the progeny of exposed cells the enhancement of radiosensitivity has been noticed. So we can suppose that in cultured cells exposition in the zone of the accident the genomic instability is induced which results in many disturbances. At the organism level in mice exposed in the Chernobyl zone the radiosensitivity increase and the decrease of endotheliocytes density in brain tissue has been observed. On the stimulated by PHA blood lymphocytes of children the increase of the frequency of cells with micronuclei more than 2 time have been noticed. In all groups investigated, the decrease of individuals with significant adaptive response was observed. In children and adults inhabitants the increase of radiosensitivity after low dose of irradiation has been noticed. 24-year after the accident it was discovered that in liquidators lymphocytes the frequency of cells with micronuclei, with chromosome type aberrations, with DNA double strand breaks have been increased; the reactive oxygen species (ROS) were decreased in comparison with the control population. We can suppose that genomic instability induced in residents of contaminated regions and liquidators long after the accident results in the genetic apparatus damage, radiosensitivity enhancement, hypoxia that represent risk factors and increase the probability of tumour and non-tumour diseases. The development of these pathological processes may happen in much more remote periods.
- Published
- 2011
5. [A new method of peloidotherapy for the rehabilitation of children living in environmentally unfavorable regions].
- Author
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Khodova TV, Shvedunova LN, and Babina LM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Humans, Russia, Treatment Outcome, Ukraine, Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Environmental Exposure adverse effects, Health Resorts, Mud Therapy methods, Reflexotherapy methods
- Abstract
This paper is devoted to a topical problem of rehabilitative therapy of children with ecological disadaptation syndrome under the conditions of a health resort. Original approaches to the improvement of efficiency of treatment are described with reference to different therapeutic modalities. The study demonstrated advantages of modulation peloidotherapy targeting adaptive and reflectory responsiveness of the patients over traditional methods of mud application.
- Published
- 2009
6. [The peculiarities of accumulation of 137Cs in fish of the highest trophic level from the reservoirs polluted by radioactive nuclides as a result of the ChNPP].
- Author
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Poliakova NI, Pel'gunova LA, Riabov IN, and Riabtsev IA
- Subjects
- Animals, Cesium Radioisotopes analysis, Esocidae metabolism, Female, Male, Muscles metabolism, Seasons, Ukraine, Water Pollutants, Radioactive analysis, Cesium Radioisotopes metabolism, Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Fishes metabolism, Radiation Monitoring, Rivers chemistry, Water Pollutants, Radioactive metabolism
- Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the results of long-term investigations of 137Cs accumulation in the specimens of fish of the highest trophic level, pike and pike perch, from the reservoirs suffered as a result of the ChNPP. Annual, seasonal and age peculiarities of accumulation of the 137Cs specific activity in the predatory fish from the Kiev reservoir and Teterev River were considered. It was shown, that during the whole time of radioecological investigations the pike was characterized by the higher level of 137Cs specific activity muscles in comparison with other predatory fish, in particular, pike perch. Intimated relationship between seasonal, age and sexual differences in 137Cs accumulation in fish organisms and types of feeding were revealed.
- Published
- 2009
7. [The dynamics of contamination of Kozhanovskoe lake with 137Cs in the post-Chernobyl period].
- Author
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Vakulovskiĭ SM, Kolesnikova LV, Tertyshnik EG, and Uvarov AD
- Subjects
- Ecosystem, Geologic Sediments analysis, Kinetics, Plant Development, Plants radiation effects, Seasons, Time Factors, Ukraine, Cesium Radioisotopes analysis, Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Fresh Water analysis, Radiation Monitoring methods, Water Pollutants, Radioactive analysis
- Abstract
The paper presents the dynamics and the current state of radioactive contamination with 137Cs of low--running Kozhanovskoe lake situated in Bryansk region. Semi-empiric assessment of the current radiation state based on the analysis of dynamics of contamination of Kozhanovskoe lake with 137Cs corresponds satisfactory to experimental data. Integral 137Cs inventories were estimated for the main components of the lake, including water, bottom sediments and aquatic vegetation for the period of 2005-2007.
- Published
- 2009
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