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The article focuses on latent meanings and semantic nuances in patriotic blogs on the open Zen Internet platform; first, the motivating incentives to enter into communication and, secondly, the verbally manifested emotions and emotional states of the authors of comments and responses to them were revealed. The research task was to obtain data that allows understanding and forecasting trends and the vector of development of socially significant processes that are influenced (may be influenced) by communication interactions in the blogs selected for study. A set of complementary methods was used: motive-target analysis and content analysis. The dominant incentive for the authors of the analyzed blogs to enter into communication was the desire to anal yze in detail the factual and moral aspects of the events and problems covered and to give a personal forecast taking into account the interests of the country. The dominant incentive of the authors of the response comments turned out to be the desire to get an assessment of the problems that concern them, to report their point of view and, most importantly, to get hope for a favorable outcome. A typical latent semantic feature for all participants of communication, which allows positive forecasts and optimism, is confidence in the effectiveness of moral principles, following which will lead to the desired result. The content analysis data recorded a high level of optimism, gaining confidence and relieving anxiety among the authors of comments and responses to them. The complex of the data obtained allows us to conclude that the analyzed blogs have a high potential in optimizing the processes of social adaptation both among the direct participants of communication and within the socio-cultural group that they conventionally represent. The data obtained can be used in making operational managerial, political, socio-cultural and other decisions.

Purpose: to analyze social media messages of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), or their careers in order to investigates the patients’ opinion in the condition of real clinical routine. Material and methods. Real-life anonymized stories of patients from Russian-language open Internet sources (forums, social networks in Russia) were processed by artificial intelligence techniques: the technologies of automated analysis of unstructured natural language texts, including semantic technologies. In these messages, patients and their careers (mainly, family members) openly and in an ‘uncensored’ way share their experience in diagnostics and treatment while looking for a second opinion or supporting each other. They use general social networks as well as specific disease-related forums or Q&A portals. We identified 73 098 DR/nAMD-related posts, including 13 138 posts by 844 DR patients and 358 posts by 212 nAMD patients. The posts were analyzed in several steps with the technologies of automated analysis of unstructured natural language texts including semantic technologies aimed at processing large volumes of data. The semantic analysis of texts dealt with the whole meaning rather than individual keywords. Results. We obtained information on the patients’ characteristics and treatment plans of retinal diseases in real practice but also on the patients’ attitude to their condition, diagnostic and curative procedures, their needs and difficulties experienced during treatment. The nAMD and DR patients have a low level of Internet activity and poor awareness of these diseases as compared with the patients suffering from non-ophthalmological diseases with lower prevalence (breast cancer, multiple sclerosis, etc.) or other ophthalmological disorders. Most of the content for DR was produced by the patients’ relatives (82.6 % of messages), and for nAMD — by the patients themselves (65 %). The key item for DR patients was diabetic microvascular manifestations (over 42 000 posts discussed ‘diabetic foot’ and only 681 ‘diabetic retinopathy’). Quality of life (QoL) was shown to be significantly affected with inability to work as a major burden for 30 % of nAMD patients, and diabetes-associated comorbidities as a key factor compromising QoL in 20 % of DR patients. In nAMD patients, the average time-to-diagnosis after disease manifestation was 1 year (35 % patients reported 1–2 months), in DR, over a half of the messages mentioned 1–2 years. The key reasons for visiting the clinics included in-depth eye exams (OCT mentioned by 59 % of nAMD patients) and treatment (24.1 %). Only 33.2 % of nAMD patients and 7 % of DR patients noted that they received anti-VEGFs. Treatment unaffordability is one of the key barriers. The patients lack clear understanding of the prognosis and effective treatment options. Conclusion. The study revealed low activity and awareness of nAMD and DR patients with regard to their diseases. This justifies the need of increasing computer literacy and awareness of effective treatment options and efficacy criteria not only in patients, but also in their younger relatives. The results confirm that, among the studied group of retinal patients, vision-related quality of life is compromised. We need to change at least several aspects of nAMD and DR patients’ management: reducing the time to diagnosis, prescribing effective treatment options and increasing the availability of these options.

The possibility of direct communication between a huge number of non-public people on the open Internet platform, coupled with the ability to observe this process, which is being implemented by even more people, is the catalyst for the emergence of virtual socio-cultural worlds – conditional groups that are united by a single meaning and value field. Motive-target analysis of comments and feedback on comments on the open Internet platform “Zen” showed that one of the key semantic messages, which encourages a huge number of our compatriots to respond on the Internet and thus the manifestation of the most significant, essential points of their worldview, is the leitmotif of the importance of moral values and the requirements of their conformity at all levels of social and personal life. The mass participation of our compatriots in communication interactions on open Internet platforms is a variant of civic participation in its new, modern form, in which optimal conditions for self-determination, social adaptation and socialization arise. The key to the social significance of the meanings “living” here are the key supports for a person and society associated with traditional moral values, ideas and traditions. Control by state regulatory structures over the criteria for assessing blogs that analyze socio-political events and problems seems appropriate and socially significant. The reasons for their closure (“banning”) should be understandable, reasonable and transparent for all participants in communication interactions.

Problem statement . The existing world practices of professional retraining in the conditions of digitalization are reviewed. The search for an effective mechanism of professional retraining transformation that would give an advantage to the national education system in the conditions of digitalization becomes relevant. Existing practices include state initiatives and requirements that support and help new candidates in the teaching profession to change their career preferences without significant obstacles, which is a new way to organize professional retraining. Methodology . Scientific publications and materials from open internet sources, including analytical reports of foreign organizations of different countries describing the implementation practices of professional development and professional retraining programs were analyzed. Results . The authors give substantiation, approaches, and practice of international practical experience of effective mechanisms in the organization of professional retraining system in the conditions of digitalization of teacher education. It is necessary to pay attention to the peculiarities of such transformation, which will provide the development of possible management solutions for the Russian education system. Conclusion . The proposed international experience should be considered as an opportunity to develop effective model solutions for the domestic system of professional retraining of teaching staff. It is important to pay attention to the fact that digital skills training is implemented systematically with the support of the authorities, and that professional retraining in the conditions of digitalization opens the possibility of forming a career path with the support of mentors and employment services with the help of modern information technologies.

The article studies the human resources potential concept and its development on the example of Russian Railways, one of the largest companies in Russia. In academic and scientific literature, the human resources potential concept is often mentioned in the context of studying the enterprises competitiveness in various industries, but it remains unclear what components it consists of and what indicators can be used to assess it. The authors have conducted a terminological analysis of the concept and considered its components such as spiritual, intellectual (mental), and physical (material) resources. A system classification of indicators for assessing the human resources potential in organizations has been proposed, which constitutes the scientific novelty of the study and complements economic knowledge in this area. Russian Railways has a huge human resource, which it actively develops and analyzes (in terms of age, education, gender, and categories of employees). Nevertheless, the research has shown that in the strategic sense both development plans and reported values of human resources potential indicators reflect the whole range of identified data very narrowly, which needs to be improved, especially in the current economic situation in the country. Reporting and forecasting materials of Russian Railways available in open Internet sources were used and analyzed when doing the research.

Objectives. Currently, the main source of information is the Internet. The huge amount of information available on the Internet makes it urgent to comprehensively analyze data from open Internet sources.The goal of this work is to create a multi-purpose, modifiable cluster for in-depth analysis of data from Internet sources, the main objectives of which are to identify the most important publications in a certain subject area, thematic analysis of these publications, identifying the leader of a scientific direction and determining trends in the development of areas and interaction of groups of people.Methods. To solve this problem, a methodology was developed for constructing a multi-purpose cluster using technologies for quickly constructing a thematic graph database, a knowledge graph, methods and models of machine learning for in-depth analysis of data.Results. A system for comprehensive analysis of data from thematic sites ISKAD IS has been developed, a methodology for quickly constructing a thematic graph database and a comprehensive technology for in-depth analysis of data from Internet sources and analysis of data from the most important well-known world sites have been tested.Conclusion. An IT environment has been created for the rapid construction of thematic graph databases. The results of using the technology for quickly constructing graph databases are shown using examples of the work of ISKAD IS.

The study focuses on the analysis of semantic changes of the lexeme икона , considered in a synchronous-diachronic perspective. The relevance of the study is determined by its implementation in an interdisciplinary, linguo-philosophical, as well as a contrastive, Russian-English paradigm. This ensures the objectivity of conclusions about the causes and consequences of neosemantization of the word икона in modern Russian. Proceeding from the study of lexicographic data, illustrative material of the National Corpus of the Russian Language and open Internet resources, it is proved that the emergence of new lexical-semantic variants of the noun икона is the result of semantic borrowings from the English language. The appearance in the English word icon of terminological meanings relating to the field of semiotics and computer technology is based on the concretization of the primary meaning “image, likeness”, in which it was borrowed from the Greek language. The emergence of a new lexical-semantic variant “idol, idol of the masses” in the semantic structure of the word icon is based on the actualization of the potential seme “symbol”. The use of this meaning in relation to various celebrities of pop culture leads to the positioning of icons of style, fashion and sex symbols at the highest levels of the value hierarchy of the consumer society. Anglo-American linguoconcepts penetrate into the modern Russian language as a result of calquing the lexical units from English-language publications. Despite the functioning of the lexical units икона стиля, моды, фэшн-икона and the word икона in the meaning of a religious artifact in different types of discourses, the presence of a common seme «object of worship» causes their semantic diffusion. The parallel use of the word икона in relation to diametrically opposed objects of sacralisation leads to a linguoaxiological clash of “own” and “strange” spheres. The result of this collision is the desacralisation of the concept икона in the national language consciousness.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain to be the leading cause of death in the whole world. The structure of nutrition of the population and diet therapy are extremely important factors for prevention and treatment of CVDs. Results of the scientific research obtained over the last decade give new data on the role of certain micronutrients in the physiological processes and pathogenesis of these groups of diseases. The aim of this research was to study the current role of certain trace elements (magnesium, zinc and copper) in the pathogenesis of diseases, including assessment of the level of their intake in different countries. Furthermore, the review considers the necessity of creating new functional products to use in diet therapy for patients with cardiovascular diseases. It includes publications in Russian and English for the period of 2011 to 2022 from open databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, CyberLeninka, eLIBRARY as well as from open Internet sources. The research work carried out during preparation of this review was directed to studying the sphere of CVD prevention, role and relevance of the development of functional foods enriched with micronutrients. The data on the dysfunctions of the human body caused by the deficiency of zinc, copper and magnesium intake are presented. The current physiological daily norms for intake of these trace elements in different countries are given, and the dynamics of changes in the norms of intake over the last twenty years is shown. The review summarizes new data on the correlation between the risk of emergence of certain CVD types and the specific features of assimilation of the above-mentioned trace elements. The regulatory conditions acting on the RF territory for introducing trace elements into food products are analyzed. Based on the obtained results, conclusions were made regarding the relevance of the further development of functional foods that do not require changes in the traditional food behavior model.

One of the modern directions of obtaining information for making informed decisions is the analysis of data from open Internet sources, the analysis of media containing hundreds of thousands of publications. It is critically important not only to obtain reliable information, but also the time needed to obtain and analyze it. The purpose of the research in this work is the development and testing of a complex methodology for quickly building a prototype of a system for complex analysis of thematic sites. A technology of interconnected methods, methodologies, and tools for building a graph database, a knowledge graph, data analysis using methods and mo dels of machine learning with the provision of analytical results to users has been created. The main task of this work is to use these technologies to analyze data from well-known world sites in order to build a prototype of a systems for complex analysis of data from Internet sources.

Background. The article is devoted to the analysis of the state of the transport and logistics system of Russia in the context of the sanctions policy of the West, the classification of logistics chains, the identification of factors and risks affecting the stability of logistics flows in modern conditions. Materials and methods. Materials from open Internet sources, logistics theory, systems theory, systems approach, comparison were used. Results. An analytical review of the situation of Russia’s transport and logistics systems in the context of sanctions imposed by Western countries in 2022 was carried out. The risks affecting or capable of affecting the development and sustainability of logistics chains are identified. Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, a new classification of logistics chains is proposed, taking into account changes in the construction of the logistics business, as well as a new standard logistics chain operating under sanctions.

Background. The article is devoted to the description of the design modeling of the brake testing point with its further modernization into a maintenance point at a passenger station in the St. Petersburg transport hub. Materials and methods. Materials from open Internet sources, logistics theory, systems theory, systems approach, project modeling, economic justification, comparison “as is” and “as will be” were used. Results. Based on the results of the analysis of the average downtime of one train during maintenance at the service station, the economic effect was determined. Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, a solution was proposed for the organization of a maintenance point at the St. Petersburg – Finlandsky railway station with an appropriate feasibility study. With the application of the proposal, it is possible to improve the quality performance of the railway and optimize costs. It has been established by calculation that the presence of a technical service point at the St. Petersburg – Finlyandsky railway station will allow trains to move along a given route without the need for a secondary technical inspection at the St. Petersburg – Sortirovochny – Moskovsky station.

Background. The work is devoted to the study of the possibility of automatic identification of vessels. Such systems, by exchanging data on the meta-position and parameters of the movement of carriers, have the ability to more accurately calculate the parameters of the approach and the location of the object, transmit the position of the vessel so that other vessels nearby know about its location. Materials and methods. Materials from open Internet sources, simulation modeling, data analysis, systems theory, system approach were used. Results. The main directions of application of automatic identification in maritime transport are presented. The analysis of the prospects of using this technology is carried out. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the effectiveness and relevance of using the system in real time using the “SEATRACKER” service is shown. The advantages and disadvantages of the main systems used in maritime navigation are considered.

The research group of the Arctic Museum and Exhibition Center, Peter the Great Museum of An-thropology and Ethnography, in cooperation with the Marine Heritage Association and the media group of the Marine Technical College in St. Petersburg are implementing the Arctic Oral Memory project, supported by the Presidential Grants Fund. The project involves the creation of an open Internet resource https://arcticmemory.ru/ with video recordings of oral histories of famous Russian polar explorers. The article is devoted to the results and experience of the implementation of this project, which is at the intersection of journalism (popularization), cultural anthropology and history, providing the opportunity to see and hear first-hand information from those who personally participated in the study and development Arctic.

Background. The paper is devoted to the study of trends in the transformation of the transport services market under the influence of international sanctions. It is shown that the functioning of the Russian transport industry is significantly influenced by external factors - constraints that determine the reorientation of logistics chains. The experience of other countries whose economies operate under international sanctions has been studied. Materials and/or research methods. Materials from open Internet sources, methods of system analysis, theory of synergetics, process approach were used. Results. The main directions and results of the transformation of the market of transport services and, in particular, rail transportation are presented. The classification of international sanctions is considered. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, it was found that the trends in the development of the transport services market that contribute to overcoming barriers to its path are: the development of the PL services market; collaboration of services; the departure of “gray” players; market consolidation (consolidation of carriers); reorientation of carriers to the domestic market and the countries of the Asia-Pacific region; development the North-South corridor (China and Kazakhstan as transit countries).

The formation of a digital education space is an important moment for the development of the education system in the modern world. The article analyzes the problems of ensuring the security of information technologies in the management of the educational process of organizations, the risks and threats of open Internet resources in the context of integration and inclusion. It is proposed to identify the process of forming digital mentors in a pandemic Covid time as a safe expert space that can reduce risks and threats. Materials and Methods. Using the method of descriptive analysis of datasets voluntarily made publicly available on the Internet by educational organisations allowed the authors to investigate examples of large-scale projects of virtual schools in the formats of exchange models for information subscribers and system integrators. The issues of ensuring the safety of underage users, legal shortcomings of access and protection of Internet consumers of open educational resources were discussed. Results. The study has shown that the evidence from innovative processes of developing and producing open educational resources is complex, context-specific and difficult to generalise. Such initiatives require significant organisational change, including external partners of educational organisations and stakeholders with different cultures and educational practices. The authors highlight the use of benchmarking technology as a tool for the quality of intellectual integrations and the effectiveness of educational activities as a whole as an important condition for the success of the processes taking place. In the context of the research, the authors raise the issue of computer addiction among pupils and students and their safe interaction with multifaceted information online, drawing attention to the need for legal and educational measures for online safety, which should be planned and implemented in the educational organisation on a regular basis. Open educational resource OER initiatives are related to institutional change and require appropriate pedagogical and psychological approaches and legal support to help all actors in the educational space adapt to changes in the IT culture. The materials of this article will be useful to specialists and educational managers, including inclusive education, in developing prospective strategies for digital education and models for the development, production and maintenance of open educational resources.

Aim. To identify those features of the polycode text of a medical poster that allow it to be attributed to the genre of medical discourse. The research was conducted on the material of more than 100 polycode texts in Russian, obtained by continuous sampling from open Internet sources. The selection criterion was the occurrence of an extensive verbal component, the medical orientation of the content and the presence of a visual range. Methodology. The research methods are semantic and contextual analysis, decoding of colour codes, symbols, analysis of graphic elements, analysis of the connection between the verbal and non-verbal components of a polycode text. Results. As a result of the study, it was established that the polycode text of a medical poster is characterized by the implementation of representative, appellative, informative functions, and the function of communication of constant information. The medical poster is noted to have a thematic restriction. In terms of its lexical and grammatical aspects, the medical poster is close to popular science texts. The medical poster is characterized by a variety of graphic styles. To successfully decode the polycode text of a medical poster, it is necessary to interpret the colour code and character set. Research implications. The study has theoretical significance as a fragment of the analysis of polycode text of medical discourse, which to date has not been described in scientific linguistic literature in the established genre originality with the use of a unified methodology.

The objective of the study was to analyze the contribution of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases at Saratov State Medical University to practical healthcare, depending on the historical context of its work. Articles contained in the eLibrary and CyberLeninka databases, as well as data from open Internet sources about the history of the department, were analyzed. The obtained data are compared with the historical events of the corresponding period. It was shown that mutually beneficial cooperation between the clinic, the department and the research institute seem to be a reliable and economical form of introducing new medical care technologies into practical healthcare.

The article deals with the thrash talk as a speech genre. The term, which came to modern Russian from English, refers to a speech practice in which offensive statements are formulated against the opponent, designed to disturb the opponent’s psychological equanimity. It can be a form of bragging or insulting in competitive situations. The research was conducted in the context of Russian and foreign works on invective practice in Russian linguoculture, which not only represent a constant, but evolve as well. Such problems as the correlation between national-specific and universal aspects, linguistic and extralinguistic aspects, development of new phenomena on a national basis and borrowings are taken into account. Thrash-talk, if we use this term in a narrow sense, is autochthonous for Russian linguoculture. The methodology of the study is based on the comparison the description of speech practice with the standard. For our purposes we have formulated the standards “accusation”, “humiliation” and “hyperidenticity”, the components of the description of which were linguistic and psychological features. Thus, we can say that our research is carried out within the paradigm of psycholinguistics. This is justified by the fact that thrash talk balances on the edge of language and psyche. As a result of the comparison procedure we can conclude that there is a correspondence or discrepancy between these descriptions. The basis of our research were open Internet sources that contain examples of thrash talk as an element of characters’ speech behavior in texts or videos. As a result of the study it was possible to describe and systematize speech goals – persuasion and demonstration, the use of figurative, stylistically marked, expressively colored language means, psychological manipulative means of inducement and threat. In conclusion the article outlines the prospects for research related to such genres as flaming, flying, sledging, wolf-whistling, cat-calling, street-harassment, etc.

The article provides results of scientific research on problems of evaluating labour productivity of workers in medical institutions. Now we face a certain deficit of knowledge about possibilities and specificity of using calculations of labour productivity in sectors of social sphere, especially public health. The authors analyzed sources of home and foreign literature, normative documents for the period 2010–2019 dealing with this problem and practices of public health system functioning. For the research they used database of the Russian index of academic citing, the search system of full texts of academic publications Google Scholar, reference system ‘ConsultantPlus’ and e-resource eLIBRARY.RU. At the same time the authors analyzed public reports by authority representatives on issues of raising labour productivity in medical institutions, information of open internet-sources with the help of search engine ‘Yandex’. The research helped the authors formulate their own definition of labour productivity in respect to medical institutions’ work. The article enumerates factors affecting the labour productivity index, such as selection system, training and development of personnel, working environment and staff interaction, digitalization of personnel in medical organization, system of quality management, advanced managerial technologies.

Background. The reform of the pension system of the Russian Federation, espe-cially its stage associated with the increase in the pension threshold, cause ongoing discus-sions both in scientific expertise and among politicians, journalists and public activists. Arguments are often given for prolonging professional and labor activity even after rea-ching retirement age. But these arguments, as a rule, do not have a precisely defined empi-rical content. Due to the lack of a data system that problematizes this important topic, it remains a poorly studied sociological field. Theoretical and empirical research in this area is not enough. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the methodological basic principles and conditions of professional and labor activity’s prolongation as an attribute of successful aging. Materials and methods. The theoretical approaches to the analysis of the stated problem are based on M. Foucaultʼs ideas about rationing and restrictions that deter-mine the order, M. Rileyʼs management theory, as well as S. Lishaevʼs approach to the analysis of the perception of old age. As an empirical material, a secondary analysis of the results of sociological research conducted by the Public Opinion Foundation of the Rus-sian Federation, the research center of the Superjob portal and a number of publications of open Internet publications is presented. Results. Within the framework of the theoretical analysis, the concept of “prolongation of professional and labor activity of pensioners by age” is considered. It is shown that in the Russian context, elderly people are included in the problem field of prolongation of labor activity rather as actors of successful aging. The article also presents the basic principles of conceptualization of prolongation of profes-sional and labor activity of pensioners by age. Conclusions. The conducted analysis testifies to the contradictory nature of the current socio-economic agenda – the prolongation of pro-fessional and labor activity of pensioners by age. As the basic principles necessary to create a “window of opportunity” for prolonging professional and labor activity, the following are considered: the principle of inclusive employment, the principle of recognition (rights, dig-nity of older workers), the principle of taking into account generational characteristics and basic values, the principle of taking into account individual position in the life cycle: sub-jective perception of oneʼs own old age, forming certain motives for prolonging labor acti-vity, the principle of regulating this process: documents (laws, special procedures), the principle of unity of analysis of changes and transformations that occur in the lives of older people and relate to both work and everyday routine practices.

The research is targeted at the development and testing of a hardware-software system for environmental monitoring of atmospheric air in real time. The relevance of creating the system is substantiated in the article where it is shown that one cannot obtain operational data on the degree of atmospheric air pollution using available means, although this information is important for the population of large cities and industrial centers. The results of the creation and use of the automated system for monitoring atmospheric air using the modeling of transfer of pollutants are presented. The system was based on a hardwaresoftware complex consisting of a microcomputer, pollution sensors, a wireless communication module, and an unmanned aerial vehicle. Real-time pollution indicators are processed in order to build up-to-date maps, including to provide the opportunity to choose the optimal route taking into account the adverse effects of pollution. The developed mobile application provides the opportunity for the end user to receive information on-line and make forecasts based on the data on wind strength and direction in the short and medium term. The OND-86 methodology, which is mandatory in the Republic of Belarus, was chosen as the main model for the transfer of pollutants in the air. Information about the strength and direction of the wind for building forecasts is taken from open Internet sources of weather data. Using real data on the mass of emissions, a map of the planned concentration is constructed, which is scattered in proportion to the distance from the source of the emission, taking into account the strength and direction of the wind. The forecast obtained in this way can be used to select the optimal route, optimize traffic flows and organize actions in emergency situations associated with leakage and emissions of harmful substances.

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Peroxidases of class III are common in various organisms. They are involved in lignin biosynthesis and plant protection against stressors. Peroxidases are presented in many isoforms, whose role is not always clear. The aim of this study is to analyze the amino acid sequences of reference peroxidases with known functions and peroxidases from Arabidopsis thaliana L. whose functions are unknown and to consider their putative roles in lignin biosynthesis. The structural and functional organization of peroxidases was analyzed by bioinformatical methods applied to open Internet sources. Seven reference peroxidases were chosen from four plant species: Zinnia sp., Armoracia rusticana P.G. Gaertn., Lycopersicon esculentum L. и Populus alba L. Twenty-four amino acid sequences of homologous peroxidases from A. thaliana were selected for the analyses with the BLAST service. Their molecular weights and isoelectric points were calculated. Multiple alignments of amino acid sequences and phylogenetic analysis were done. Sites of binding to monolignol substrates were identified in seven peroxidases from A. thaliana, and the enzymes were assigned to the groups of Sor G-peroxidases. Amino acid replacements in the primary structures of peroxidases were analyzed. Peroxidases from A. thaliana were clustered with reference peroxidases. They formed six clusters on the phylogenetic tree, three of which contained only A. thaliana peroxidases. Peroxidases within each cluster had similar molecular weights and isoelectric points, common localization of expression, and similar functions. Thus, the use of bioinformatics, databases, and published data bring us to assumptions as to the functions of several A. thaliana class III peroxidases. AtPrx39 peroxidase was shown to be affine to sinapyl alcohol; AtPrx54, to p-coumaryl and coniferyl alcohols. They are likely to participate in lignin biosynthesis.

Introduction. Tourism is a dynamic, constantly developing sector of the economy. Tourism economy develops along with the society, recreation and tourism. The purpose of the article is to show the features of the impact of tourism on the national economy using the case of Tunisia. The experience of Tunisia is especially useful for the countries where beach recreation has developed and where the political situation has remained difficult for a long time (Egypt, Turkey, Thailand, etc.). Materials and Methods. The article is based on the statistical data provided by the World Tourism Organization, the World Data Atlas and open Internet sources. The study employed general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, synthesis, comparison, etc.) and special ones (the methods of mathematical statistics, the graphical method, the comparative method, etc.). Results. For the first time, the article has provided a fairly complete description of the macroeconomic indicators characterizing the level of development of international tourism in Tunisia. The article has analyzed the dynamics of inbound and outbound tourism, discussed the factors affecting the volume of international tourism, considered international tourism expenditures and revenues, which to a large extent have a positive or negative impact on the country’s balance of payments. The trends in the development of international tourism in Tunisia have been revealed and the problems facing the industry have been identified. Discussion and Conclusion. The research has revealed that tourism economy largely depends on the political and economic processes taking place in the country. The current level of macroeconomic indicators of tourism economy in Tunisia lags behind the 2008–2009 figures. The results of the study made it possible to assess the current state of international tourism and make a number of suggestions aimed at increasing the level of development of international tourism in the country. The results of the study can contribute to the development of a program aimed to boost tourism economy in Tunisia, one of the key tasks of which should be that of increasing performance at the macro-level.

The article reveals the experience of a project on consolidation of rating products within the single portal with related services for users. We describe the ideology of an open Internet platform, its structure and navigation, and specially designed analytical tools. We focus on the developed and tested trust index in relation to all the ratings on the website, which helps approach a possible solution to the problem of rating verification. We point out the fact that the proposed analytical verification tools are vulnerable to manipulation that is manifested in users’ hostile attacks on selective ratings by giving the ratings deliberately low trust scores. The paper shows the relevance of the portal designed, which is manifested not only in the number of views of its content, but also in the public reaction to various ratings of both individuals and organizations. In addition, we disclose the experience of using academic ratings over the period of several years to reveal undesirable trends and emerging threats in the market of economic research. We show an attempt to combine different ratings for the purpose of determining the extent of using educational and scientific potential of Russian regions. Video interviews allowed us to formulate ten principles in the development and use of ratings: neutrality (disinterest of the developer as a participant); pluralism (diversity of ratings); duration of the period of preparation; improvement of development methodology; openness of the object of rating and ranker; selectivity (optionality) of application, etc. These principles help raise the work of rankers to a higher level. We outline the ways of using the portal for communication between rankers and the expert community, for establishing a constructive dialogue between them and improving rating tools

The paper overviews the creativity of the Russian engineer and architect Pavel Golyshev, who worked in Kazan and Omsk in the period 1910s-1930s. Brief biographical information related to the professional fate of the master is presented. The construction chronology of Pavel Golyshev’s architectural work is systematized in the context of the evolving stylistic movements in the architecture of Kazan and Omsk in the first half of the twentieth century. The article uses photographs of different years from open Internet sources, stocks of the Omsk State Museum of History and Local Lore, Omsk State Regional Scientific Library and photographs of the author of this paper.

In the era of domination of digital technology and modern communication networks, the Internet is the most common place for sharing and using content protected by copyright and related rights. Consequently, copyright infringements are most common in the digital environment, for which reason it is necessary to adjust the concept of protection of copyright and related rights to new circumstances. Access to content and its sharing are possible thanks to third parties, intermediaries, whose role can be essential in detecting and sanctioning copyright and related rights infringements on the Internet. The questions of contribution to the infringement and responsibility of internet intermediaries for the infringement may also be raised. Within the framework of the forthcoming reform of copyright in the European Union, a new regime has been proposed on the liability of Internet intermediaries for copyright infringement. The recent case law of the European Court of Justice is in favor of the proposed amendments, specifying the conditions and criteria under which Internet intermediaries infringe the copyright or, to be more specific, infringe the authorization of communication to the public. The paper analyzes the novelties in the regime of liability of Internet intermediaries for copyright and related rights infringements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to one of the most perspective ways of democratic principles improvement. Some issues and problems of social-state relations based on the use of modern information technology are considered. The material has been prepared on the basis of the open Internet sources analysis.

The article is devoted to one of the most perspective ways of democratic principles improvement. Some issues and problems of social-state relations based on the use of modern information technology are considered. The material has been prepared on the basis of the open Internet sources analysis.