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Presently bitumen-mineral materials (including asphalt-concrete) comprise nearly 98 % for construction of expensive road pavement. Large resources of local minerals (quartz sand) and industrial wastes in the form of used molding sand (foundry by-product) are widely applied for reduction of their cost. Such approach is economically and ecologically reasonable but it requires its justification because an adhesion interaction in the bitumen-quartz substrate system (with SiO2 more than 95 %) is rather poor in natural state and due to water action it is still more decreasing. In this connection an objective necessity arises to modify significantly technology of bitumen-mineral compositions for ensuring reliability of road pavements while using silicon components.All the ideas pertaining to strengthening of adhesion bonds in the “quartz mineral substrate - bitumen” system are traditionally of physical and chemical nature and they presuppose mainly usage of colloidal chemistry methods. The paper considers the matter on the basis of molecular kinetic theory of matter taking into account the fact that there is absence of generally accepted calculations for intermolecular interactions of components in the SiO2 - organic matrix material system.As a theoretical supposition the following well-known regulatory principle in physics is used: as every atom or molecular have its own electromagnetic field then action of external electromagnetic fields initiates their interaction that leads to excitement of electrons, deformations and rupture of chemical bonds. Literature analysis shows that the existing electric bonds between components of the SiO2 - organic matrix material system provide the possibility to apply various electro-physical methods having an effect on these components with the purpose to strengthen their adhesion interaction.The paper investigates matters for determination of bond energy during physical adsorption and adhesion in the SiO2 - organic matrix material system with due account of the indicated principles.

Protection of water resources from contamination is considered as one of the global problem of the present day. Wastewater of almost all economic entities contains oil products, heavy metal compounds and other pollutants. Many effective wastewater treatment systems can provide purification index up to 99.9%, but operation of such systems entails significant costs, therefore many economic entities neglect environmental protection standards despite heavy penalties. The main task of modern technological systems is the development of environmentally safe technologies with the most closed cycle and the minimum amount of waste. The current situation in this field of research has necessitated the improvement of sorption technologies and selective processes for treatment of contaminated solutions and process fluids for the integrated solution of resource-saving and environmental problems. The target studies of wide range of sorption materials applied in wastewater treatment resulted in further development for processes of adsorption of oil products and heavy metal ions on natural sorbents and their analogs. That is why design of cost-effective wastewater treatment systems that would ensure high purity is a challenge for all countries. This paper suggests a multi-stage treatment system based on nanoactivated natural sorbents employed in a closed-loop water cycle. The advantage of using such treatment system as compared to the existing ones is demonstrated on the example of economic entities operating in the machine building industry in Russia, the USA and Israel.

Relevance of the work is caused by the need to find affordable and cheap raw materials for manufacturing hardening mixtures as a means of non-destructive control over the state of the array in transition to underground mining. The main aim of the research is to study the feasibility and economic viability of extracting metals and salts from ore tailings as a condition of their non-waste recycling as curing compounds and other goods. Methods: laboratory studies in disintegrator installation Deux"11, including: study of tailings, metal leaching reagents in percolators, le" aching of metals combined with reagents in a disintegrator, mathematical modeling of ecological and economic research, modeling parameters of mechanical activation and statistical processing of data based on multiple regression and correlation analysis. Results. The paper introduces historical information about the use of disintegrators in mining. The authors have identified new patterns of extracting metals from tailings of ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy and coal washing, depending on the process variables. It is proved that the method of mechanical activation allows you to extract metals from the tailings to the level of sanitary requirements, which makes it possible to use the secondary tailings for preparing concrete products without restrictions. The authors carried out the feasibility study of the recommended mechanochemical technology with the development of integrated ecological-economic-mathematical model of the process and calculation of the economic effect of involving substandard mineral raw materials in production. Conclusions. The authors determined quantitative parameters of metals extraction from tailings of ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy and coal washing, depending on the parameters of mechanical activation. The possibility of extracting metals from tailings by mechanical activation in the disintegrator to the level of sanitary requirements was proved. The author proposed the ecological and economic" mathematical model to evaluate the effectiveness of involving substandard mineral raw materials in production and stated the concept of waste-free processing of substandard mineral resources, including economic and environmental aspects.

The paper reveals results of investigations on mass transfer kinetics and dynamics of coating formation while using integral electrospark alloying method with additional ultrasonic exposure at different stages of formation. Nowadays, a classical method for electrospark alloying with hard-alloy anodes and impulse AC voltage frequency on the vibration exciter coil from 20 to 1600 Hz has been mainly used for application of protective and strengthening coatings within permissible thickness and characteristics. The key aspect of ultrasonic exposure application (frequency 22–44 kHz) during electrospark alloying is the possibility to increase further thickness of coatings to be formed even after reaching a brittle fracture threshold of the coating material. Methodology of the executed research activity has been based on integrated studies (gravimetric, metallographic, X-ray diffraction and electron microscopic) of coatings which are to be formed through compositions produced while using method of high-energy hot compaction and a “refractory carbide (WC) and a binding material“ system in the form of alloy based on nickel from the series of “colmonoy” Ni – Ni3B system which is alloyed with additions of copper and silicon. The initial surface treatment within ultrasonic frequency range (22–44 kHz) contributes to a noticeable increase in the mass transfer rate, which is primarily determined by chemical composition and thermodynamic stability of anodes. It is due to surface activation in the process of its preliminary deformation at ultrasonic frequency which creates additional conditions for striking of a spark.The final ultrasonic treatment improves coating quality due to its additional forging that leads to an increase of its structure homogeneity and density.

Relevance and aim of the study. Improving the quality of metal ores in development of complex deposits by underground method is provided by the use of technology with the laying of the cavities hardening compounds, but the extension of the scope of technology development with the laying of the cavities hardening mixtures is limited by lack of binding cements. Reduction of deficit in binders as a means of improving the quality of extracted ores through the involvement of mineral waste in production is an urgent task of mining science and the aim of the research. Methods. Research methodology includes the analysis of efficiency of ore extraction through the use of anthropogenic resources in underground development of deposits of metal ores, activation of components of solid mixtures in a laboratory ball mill for differentiated parts of the backfill array and interpretation of the results. Results. The authors have proved the possibility of reducing the deficit in the goods by making the binder solid mixtures on the basis of the utilized slag. The paper introduces the results of studies of the activation parameters of the granulated blast furnace slag in ball mill. The authors determined the concrete mixture strength dependence on duration of slag activation and recommended the economicmathematical model to determine the amount of profit from the disposal of tailings the metallurgical mining industry, taking into account the lost in ore extraction. It is shown that the disposal of hazardous during storage of mineral waste allows solving a set of problems in mining industry. Conclusions. Improving the quality of ores in their extraction and extension of application area of resource-saving technologies of exploration with voids bookmark with hardening mixtures is achieved by using available and cheap tails of technological processes.

The paper presents some aspects of the activation of and solutions to the problems of innovation policy for realization of development strategy (in the case of ferrous metallurgy enterprises).

The sorbing agents on the basis of natural zeolites are cheap and affordable raw materials. In order to increase their sorption capacity, a modification is made. Modified zeolites can be used as functional additives for building materials that improve indoor air quality. Zeolite containing earth materials undergo the modification in various ways: thermal, chemical, thermochemical, mechanical. Currently, the most effective direction is the use of ion plasma technologies, including the influence of low-temperature nonequilibrium plasma, which allows to direct the properties of only the surface and near-surface layers at the nanoscale level. This effect increases the sorption capacity of sorbing agents on the basis of zeolite containing earth materials. The paper presents the results of studies on determination the effect of a low-temperature nonequilibrium plasma influence on the sorption properties of modified natural zeolites. The object of the study was the zeolites of the Khotynets deposit occurrence of the Oryol region. The processing of raw materials was carried out in a laboratory machine. An alternating current generator with a voltage of up to 8000 V and a frequency of up to 40 kHz between the electrodes creates a region of low-temperature nonequilibrium plasma. The method of nitrogen porosimetry on the NOVA 2200 device was used to determine the effect of a low-temperature nonequilibrium plasma on the modification of natural zeolite nanoscaled porosity. The method of optical microscopy was used to analyze external modifications in the surface of zeolites. The Raman scattering method showed the presence of visible changes in the position and intensity of the bands of modified samples in the Raman spectra. The study results confirm the high modifying effect of the low-temperature nonequilibrium plasma.

Conditions and peculiarities of matrix and bulk synthesis of carbon nanoporous adsorbents, methods of activation of carbons to produce highly porous samples for application in various fields (adsorption, catalysis, producing the supercapacitors etc.) were analyzed. The available data on the functionalization of nanoporous carbons, particularly through the doping with heteroatoms (N, P, B, etc.) were summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]